2022年考研英語(yǔ)模擬試題及答案10

2022年考研英語(yǔ)模擬試題及答案1、Heisaveryhonestofficialandnever_____anygiftsfromthepeoplewhosoughthishelp.A.acceptedB.receivedC.tookupD.excepted【答案】Aaccepted2、Thetwooilcompanies()tocutcosts.A.mixedB.mingledC.mergedD.messed【答案】C?3、Howmanyofus(),say,ameetingthatisirrelevanttouswouldbeinterestedinthediscussion?A.attendedB.attendingC.toattendD.haveattended【答案】C4、Itwasalongtimebeforethecutonmyhand_____completely.A.healedB.curedC.improvedD.recovered【答案】Ahealed.5、Theshop-assistantwasstraightwithhiscustomers.Ifanarticlewasof_____quality,he'dtellthemso.A.minorB.humbleC.inferiorD.awkward【答案】Cinferior6、Whatyouhavedoneis_____thedoctor'sorders.A.attachedtoB.resistanttoC.responsibletoD.contraryto【答案】Dcontraryto.7、A()translationisnotalwaystheclosesttotheoriginalmeaning.A.literalB.liberalC.literateD.literary【答案】A?8、BeforetheSpringFestival,theleadersofthevillagemadehouse‐to‐housesurvey,()ineachfamilyabouttheirneedsandproblems.A.toinquireB.tobeinquiringC.inquiringD.inquired【答案】C?9、Farmingdemands()forecastsoftheweather.A.preciseB.correctC.accurateD.exact【答案】C10、Sheopenedthepacketandemptiedits()intosaucepan.A.contentsB.contentC.consentD.contend【答案】A11、Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin()totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus,orasarejectionofmiddle‐classvalues.A.returnB.replyC.referenceD.response【答案】D12、Prof.Lee’sbookwillshowyou()canbeusedinothercontexts.A.thatyouhaveobservedB.thathowyouhaveobservedC.howthatyouhaveobservedD.howwhatyouhaveobserved【答案】D13、I'mafraidthispaintingisnotbyPicasso.It'sonlyacopyandsoit's_____.A.pricelessB.invaluableC.unworthyD.worthless【答案】Dworthless.14、The()ofthespeechcontestismadeupoffourprofessorsandafamousbroadcaster.A.committeeB.boardC.panelD.leadership【答案】C15、TheDepartmentisalsodeeply_____invariousimprovementschemes.A.connectedB.includedC.involvedD.implied【答案】Cinvolved.16、BeforetheSpringFestival,theleadersofthevillagemadehouse‐to‐housesurvey,()ineachfamilyabouttheirneedsandproblems.A.toinquireB.tobeinquiringC.inquiringD.inquired【答案】C?17、Thefinal_____oftheplaywilltakeplaceonMonday.A.actionB.performanceC.viewD.sight【答案】Bperformance.18、Therewerenotickets_____forFriday'sperformance.A.preferableB.possibleC.considerableD.available【答案】Davailable.19、Jim'splanstogotocollege_____atthelastmoment.A.felloutB.gaveawayC.gaveoffD.fellthrough【答案】Dfellthrough20、Thecarwascompletely_____andthedriverseriouslyinjured.A.brokenoffB.takenoffC.writtenoffD.pickedup【答案】Cwrittenoff.21、Havingfailedinthemathematicsexamination,Tomfeelsvery().A.oppressedB.suppressedC.depressedD.compressed【答案】C?22、Text3NASAhashiredairplanemanufacturerLockheedMartintobuilditsnextexperimentalplane,whichisdesignedtoflyfasterthanthespeedofsoundwithoutproducingtheloudsonicboomsthathaveplaguedthetransportationform.Theplaneisduetobedeliveredin2021andwillcostjustshyof$250million.Duringapressconferencehostedbytheagencyduringwhichtheyannouncedthepartnership,LockheedMartinspokespersonDaveRichardsonexplainedthatthenewplanewillbeneitheraprototypeforanewcommercialairplane,norareincamationofprevioussupersonicjets."Thisisapurpose-builtexperimentalresearchcraft,"hesaid."Thisaircraftwasdesignedfromacleansheet."NASAwillusetheplanetogatherdataabouttheimpactofitslow-boomdesign,whichtheagencyhopeswilladdressthesinglebiggestchallengeofsupersonicflight.Flyingfasterthanthespeedofsoundproducesshockwavesthatresultinaloudboomingsound."Theairdoesnotknowthattheairplaneiscoming,"PeterCoen,aNASAprojectmanagerforsupersonictechnology,explainedduringthepressconference,Becausenoonelikedhearingthatnoise,theFederalAviationAdministrationandsimilarinternationalorganizationsbannedsupersonictraveloverland,Now,NASAthinkstechnologycanbreakthesoundbarrierwithoutbeingquitesoloudaboutit.Thesecretisintheshapeoftheplane.Sonicboomsformbecausetheplane'sflightproducesmanyshockwavesofdifferentstrengthsheadedindifferentdirectionsthatabsorbintoeachothertocreatetwostrongpulsesofpressure.Fromthetestingdonesofar,NASAthinksthenewplane'sdesignsuccessfullydissipatesandweakensthoseshockwaves,keepingthemfromformingthestrongpulsesresponsibleforbooms.Theplanewouldstillproducewhatthey'vedubbed"sonicthumps,"butthehopeisthatthosewouldbemucheasiertodealwith.Oncethenewplaneisbuilt,NASAwillrunsurveysonthegroundtoseehowpeoplerespondtothesonicthumps.Then,theagencywillbringthatsurveydatatotheFederalAviationAdministrationanditsintemationalcounterpartsinordertorevisittheruleaboutbreakingthespeedofsoundoverland."It'snotaboutmakinganewairplaneforairplanes'sake,althoughIloveairplanes,"Richardsonsaid."It'saboutthedatathatwillbecollected."Iftherulechangedoescomethrough,thatcouldkickoffaneweraofcommercialsupersonictravel.34.Theword"dissipates"(Para.6)mostprobablymeansA.disperse.B.dilute.C.divide.D.distribute.【答案】B【解析】詞匯理解題。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第六段。做此類題時(shí)，可通讀對(duì)應(yīng)段落后，仔細(xì)分析上下句，找到相對(duì)應(yīng)的表達(dá)。dissipates與weakens由and連接，可知dissipate應(yīng)與weaken詞義相近，B項(xiàng)有“削弱”之意，與文義相符，故B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_排除】A項(xiàng)、C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)在原文中均沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)排除。23、BeforetheSpringFestival,theleadersofthevillagemadehouse‐to‐housesurvey,()ineachfamilyabouttheirneedsandproblems.A.toinquireB.tobeinquiringC.inquiringD.inquired【答案】C?24、Text2Britain'sflexiblelabourmarketwasaboonduringtheeconomicslump,helpingkeepjoblessnessdownandthen,whentherecoverybegan,allowingemploymenttorise.Yetoneofitsbendierbitsiscausingpoliticianstofret.EdMiliband,theleaderoftheLabourParty,haspromisedacrackdownon"zero_hourscontracts"ifhewinsthenextelection.Thegovernmenthaslaunchedaconsultation.Zero-hourscontractsallowfirmstoemployworkersforasfeworasmanyhoursastheyneed,withnopriornotice.Intheory,atleast,peoplecanrefusework.Fullyl.4mjobswerebasedonthesecontractsinJanuary2014,accordingtoasnapshottakenbytheOfficeforNationalStatistics.Thatisjust4%ofthetotal,butthesharerisestoaquarterinthehospitalitybusiness.Thecontractsareusefulforfirmswitherraticpattemsofdemand,suchashotelsandrestaurants.Theyhavealsohelpedfirmstoexpandduringtherecovery-allowingthemtotestnewbusinesslinesbeforehiringpermanentstaff,whowouldbemorecostlytomakeredundantifthingswentwrong.Flexibilitysuitssomeworkers,too.Accordingto'onesurvey,47%ofthoseemployedonzero-hourscontractswerecontenttohavenominimumcontractedhours.Manyoftheseworkersareinfull-timeeducation.Theabilitytotumdownworkisimportanttostudents,whowanttorevise(orsitinthesun)atthistimeofyear.Pensionerskeenforalittleextraincomecanoftenlivewiththeuncertaintyofnothavingguaranteedhours.Yetthatleavesmorethanaquarterofworkersonzero-hourscontractswhosaytheyareunhappywiththeirconditions.Someofthisiscyclical.Duringrecessions,adearthofpermanentpositionsforcespeopleintojobswithnocontractedhourseveniftheydonotwantthem(thegovemmenthasjustsaidthatunemployedpeoplewhorefusetoacceptzero-hourscontractscouldbecutofffrombenerits).Underemploymentisparticularlyprevalentamongtheseworkers,35%ofwhomwouldlikemorehourscomparedwith12%inotherjobs.Astheeconomyrecovers,manyshouldbeabletorenegotiatetheircontractsorfindpermanentjobs.Buttherecoverywillnotcauseunwantedzerohourscontractstodisappear.Someworkerswillneverhavemuchnegotiatingpower:theyareconstrainedbygeography,familycommitmentsandlackofcompetitionfortheirskillsamongasmallnumberofbigemployers.Zero-hourscontractsmakeiteasierforemployerstoabusetheirlabour-marketpower.Someusethemtoavoidstatutoryobligationssuchassickandmaternitypay.Workersarepenalisedfornotbeingavailablewhenrequested.Andsomecontractscontainexclusivityclauseswhichpreventworkersfromtakingadditionaljobs.Thesecanharmotheremployersaswellasworkers,andactuallyreducelabourmarketflexibility.That,atleast,isworthdoingawaywith."Zero-hourscontract"wouldbehelpfulforsomefirmsinthat_____.A.workinghoursforworksshouldbeagreedonB.peoplecanrefuseworkpracticallyC.itwouldbclesscostlytocutjobsthanhirepermanentstaffD.itwouldcutcosttoscaleupthecompany【答案】C?【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)定位詞定位到文章的第二段和第三段，其中第三段的第二句可以體現(xiàn)題目的內(nèi)容，即Theyhavealsohelpedfirmstoexpandduringtherecovery-allowingthemtotestnewbusinesslinesbeforehiringpermanentstaff,whowouldbemorecostlytomakeredundantifthingswentwrong.(它們還有助于公司在經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇時(shí)擴(kuò)大規(guī)模，其方式是在雇用固定員工前測(cè)試應(yīng)聘者的業(yè)務(wù)水平。因?yàn)橐坏┕陀猛▎T工后，如果出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，裁員的代價(jià)會(huì)更高。)而與這個(gè)信息相對(duì)應(yīng)的選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)itwouldbelesscostlytocutjobsthanhirepermanentstaff.“縮減崗位比聘用固定員工成本低”所以C項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_排除】剩余的選項(xiàng)在段落中沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，因此應(yīng)該排除。25、Manynew_____willbeopenedupinthefutureforthosewithauniversityeducation.A.opportunitiesB.realitiesC.necessitiesD.probabilities【答案】Aopportunities.26、Mycameracanbe()totakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.A.adaptedB.adjustedC.adoptedD.remedied【答案】B?27、Johnsaysthathispresentjobdoesnotprovidehimwithenough_____forhisorganizingability.A.scopeB.spaceC.capacityD.range【答案】Ascope.28、Auniversityisaneducationalinstitutionwhich_____degreesandcarriesoutresearch.A.rewardsB.awardsC.grantsD.presents【答案】Bawards.29、[單選題]Icouldn'tstopcrying.Monthsoflateeveningsanddemandingtravelhadlmyprofessionalexterior.Itriedto2myquarterlynumberswhilemycolleaguessquirmed(局促不安)intheirseats,offeredmeaboxoftissues,orjust3.Myboss4endedthemeeting.Mycolleaguesquickly5theroom.lwasleft6intheconferenceroom,crumpledtissuesinhand.Forwomen,cryinginaprofessional7isoftenseenasthekissofdeath:"Stopcrying!Someonewillseeyou.""Quick,runtotheladies'room!"Thesearejusttwo80fsimilarwamingsI'veheardthroughoutmycareer.Butit'snotjustme.Femalefriendsandcolleagueshavetoldmetheytoohavebeentoldto9thewaterworks.It'safamiliar10forwomenwhocryatwork:Escapetobathroom.Grabtoiletpaper.Wipeeyes.Blownose.Takedeepbreathandsashaybackintotheconferencerooms,banquethalls,auditoriumsandhallways.Actasifwereallydidjusthavetousethe11.If,however,wecan'tmakeapre-tearsescape,we'relikelyto120urtailsbetweenourlegs:"I'msosorry.""Don'tworry,thatwillneverhappenagain.""You'reright,thatwassounprofessional."MostofthewomenIspokewithaboutthis13explainthattocryinfrontofcolleagues,especiallymalepeersorbosses,14asoneofthemosthumiliatingprofessionalexperiences.Buttimesandcorporateculturearebothchanging.Couldcryinghavealessnegativefeelingifleaders15itasnatural?16gender,leadersneedtobetrainedonhowt017cryingasanotherformofemotionalexpression.The18fromthetopneedstobethatnoonewilllosecredibilityorbeseenaslesscompetentiftheycry.Rather,theywillbeviewedasbeing19whilehelpingtocreateanevenmore20workplaceculture.12選?A.foldB.coverC.tuckD.omit【答案】C?【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。根據(jù)句意，然而，如果我們不能在眼淚流出來(lái)之前逃離現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，我們很可能會(huì)把尾巴兩腿之間說(shuō)：“我很抱歉?！畡e擔(dān)心，這種事不會(huì)再發(fā)生了?！阏f(shuō)得對(duì)，那太不符合職業(yè)道德了?！北磉_(dá)“夾起尾巴”用tuck，故C項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_排除】根據(jù)以上分析可知，A項(xiàng)fold“折疊;合攏”、B項(xiàng)cover“掩蓋;涉及”、D項(xiàng)omit“省略;遺漏”與ourtails不構(gòu)成“夾起尾巴”的語(yǔ)義搭配，故均排除。30、Text1Utopianisminpoliticsgetsabadpress.Thecaseagainstthegrand-scale,state-directedkindiswellknownandoverwhelming.Utopia,theperfectsociety,isunattainable,forthereisnosuchthing.Remakingsocieryinpursuitofanillusionnotonlyfails,itleadsswiftlytomassmurderandmoralruin.Sorecenthistorygrimlyattests.Althoughtrue,thatisjusthalfthestory.NotallmodernUtopiansaimtoseizethestateinordertocudgeltherestoftheworldbacktoparadise.Plentyofgentleroneswantnomorethantowithdrawfromthemainstreamandcreatetheirownmicro-paradisewithafewlike-mindedidealists.SmallexperimentsincollectivelivingsweptAmerica,forexample,earlyinthe19thcenturyandagainlateinthe20th.Mostfailedorfellshort.Nonelasted.A11werelaughedat.Yetinthisintelligent,sympathetichistory,ChrisJenningsmakesagoodcaseforrememberingthemwell.Politicsstultifies,hethinks,whenpeoplestopdreamingupalternativewaysoflifeandputtingthemtosmall-scaletest.Thoughwithoccasionalglancesforward,Mr.Jenningsfocuseslargelyonthe19thcentury.Atleast100experimentalcommunessprangupacrosstheyoungAmericanrepublicinthemid-1800s.Mr.Jenningswritesaboutfiveexemplarycommunities:thedevoutShakers,RobertOwen'sNewHarmony,theFourieristcollectiveatBrookFarm,Massachusetts,theIcariansatNauvoo,Illinois,inspiredbyaFrenchproto-communist,EtienneCabet,andtheOneidaCommunityinNewYorkstatepractising"Biblecommunism"and"complexmarriage".TheShakers'founderwasaManchesterQuaker,AnnLee,adevoutmotherwornoutbybearingdeadordyingctuldren.In1774shelefifortheNewWorld,determinedtoforswearsexandcreateafollowingtoshareherbelief.Anoptimisticfaithinhumanbetterment,hardworkandareputationforhonestLradinghelpedtheShakersthrive.Attheirpeakintheearly19thcentury,theyhadperhaps5,000membersscatteredinsome20villagesacrosseightstates.T