統(tǒng)考版2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)提能練36選修8Unit1Alandofdiversity含解析新人教版

PAGE課時(shí)提能練(三十六)選修8Unit1AlandofdiversityA：學(xué)問(wèn)層面Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法填空A(考查派生詞)Thepresidential1．election(elect)willtakeplacenextmonth,whichappealstoasmanyasfive2．a(chǎn)pplicants(apply)forcandidates.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatthecompetitionis3．a(chǎn)pparently(apparent)morefiercethanusual.Thereareclear4．distinctions(distinct)amongtheirrulingideas.The5．majority(major)ofthevotersareinfavoroftheDemocraticcandidate.Thereisevery6．indication(indicate)thathehasmore7．thoughtful(thought)ideasaboutimprovingpeople'slivelihood.Besides,heholdsanattitudethatany8．racial(race)discriminationshouldbeforbidden.B(考查動(dòng)詞)MaXianfu9．waselected(elect)asheadoftownshipin1987．Toleadthevillagerstogetrich,heevenhadhairs10．shaved(shave)offtoshowhisdetermination.Hewasoneofthosewhofirst11．grasped(grasp)thecountry'spolicyofopeninguptotheoutsideworld.By12．reforming(reform)themanagementsystem,thelocalcompanieswerebooming.Unfortunately,anaccident13．occurred(occur),inwhichMaXianfulosthislife.Thatday,he14．slipped(slip)ontheicyroad,andthenacarranhimover.Peoplefromallsidesgathered15．tomourn(mourn)theoutstandingleader.Afterhisdeath,manycompaniesbegantoslide,16．hiring(hire)fewerandfewerworkers.Thestory17．indicates(indicate)thatagoodleaderplaysavitalroleinlocaleconomicdevelopment.C(考查句型)JacklikesexploringtheAmazoninBrazil,buthenevertakeschances;that's18．whyhehassurvivedwhilemostofhispartnershaven't.Heprefers19．tomake(make)carefulplansinadvanceratherthanriskhislifetodothingsthatareboundtofail.Lastweek,JackbegananothertriptotheAmazon.Firsthearrivedin20．whatisknownasManaus,acitywhere21．itisbelievedthatsomeplacesofinterestarewellworthavisit.ProvincePalaceisoneofthem.22．Built(build)in1874,thisbuildingusedtoserveaspoliceheadquarters.Today,itishometoseveraldifferentorganizations.Jackfeltlike23．dropping(drop)inatthisbuildingbeforehisboattourtotheAmazon.Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境短文改錯(cuò)(短文中有7處錯(cuò)誤)ChinesepeoplefirstcametoAmericainearly1800s,workingasminersorrailwaybuilders.Lifewastough,butgraduallytheysettleddowninAmericaandmadealifeforthem.Insomecities,theyformedwhatwerelatertobeknowas“Chinatowns”，wheretheykeptupwiththeircustomsandtraditions.Takingahelicopter,youcangetagoodviewsoftheseChinatowns.NowagreatlymanyChineseimmigrantshavechosentosettleinthe“Chinatowns”.ThespiritsoftheChinesepioneers'hardstrugglewillliveonintheheartsofthosewhoistofollow.【答案】ChinesepeoplefirstcametoAmericaineq\o(\s\up7(∧),the)early1800s,workingasminersorrailwaybuilders.Lifewastough,butgraduallytheysettleddowninAmericaandmadealifeforeq\f(them,themselves).Insomecities,theyformedwhatwerelatertobeeq\f(know,known)as“Chinatowns”，wheretheykeptupeq\o(﹨,with)theircustomsandtraditions.Takingahelicopter,youcangetagoodeq\f(views,view)oftheseChinatowns.Nowaeq\f(greatly,great)manyChineseimmigrantshavechosentosettleinthe“Chinatowns”.ThespiritsoftheChinesepioneers'hardstrugglewillliveonintheheartsofthosewhoeq\f(is,are)tofollow.Ⅲ.依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1．這個(gè)國(guó)家的大部分人都住在這個(gè)地區(qū)。Themajorityofthepopulationinthecountrylives/liveinthisarea.2．我仍舊記得第一次見到珍妮弗的那一天。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstmetJennifer.3．我到家的時(shí)候，媽媽已經(jīng)把晚飯做好了。BythetimeIgothome，mymotherhadalreadyfinishedcookingsupper.4．據(jù)說(shuō)中秋節(jié)那天的月亮是最大最圓的。It'ssaidthatthemoonisthebiggestandbrightestontheMid-AutumnDay.5．大聲朗讀對(duì)我們學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)是特別重要的。Readingaloudisveryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage.B：實(shí)力層面Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·開封市高三模擬)ThebusstopsintheDutchcityofUtrechtareasbeautifulastheyarepractical.Now，316busstopsfeatureagreenroofthataddssomelifetothecity，whilealsostoringrainwater，catchingdust，andprovidingsomemuchneededshadeduringthehotmonths.Thisprojectisgoodforthehoneybeepopulationthatisattractedtotheplantsontheroof.Tokeepupthissuccessfulecosystem，municipalworkersdrivearoundinelectriccars，takingcareoftheminigardens.Anotheroneofthebiggestbenefitstocomeoutofthesegreenstopsistheimprovedairquality.Smoking，cars，andbacteriaallcontributetopollutingtheairwebreathe.Theseeco-friendlypublicspacesactasanairpurifier(凈化器)forurbanpeople，thoughhumansaren'ttheonlygroupthatbenefitsfromthem.Utrechthasalsomadegreateffortstowardsmovingtheirtransportationsystemawayfromgas-guzzling(耗油的)buses.Thecityhasreplaced10gas-guzzlingbuseswithelectricbusesandplanstohaveonlyCO2-inactivebusesontheroadsby2028．Thebuseshaveasystemthatrecordsthedriver'sefficiencyandcomfortlevels.Driverscanwinprizesbasedonhowsafeandcomfortabletherideis.Thecityisalsooneofthemostbicycle-friendlyplacesintheworld.Roadshavebeenredesignedforcyclists'convenienceandthereisanewstate-of-the-artbicycleparkingareathatislocatedbeneathUtrecht'scentraltrainstation.Utrechtoffersincentives(嘉獎(jiǎng))tokeepcitizensenergizedandmotivatedtolivegreenerlives.There'reevenincentivesforpeopletotransformtheirroofsintogreenroofstoo.Achievingthegoalsofaneco-friendlycitytakescooperationandUtrechtisleadingthewaytoprotectourenvironment.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章主要講解并描述了荷蘭烏得勒支市對(duì)公共交通系統(tǒng)的改造狀況。該市通過(guò)改造公交車站、運(yùn)用電動(dòng)公交車等手段，以進(jìn)一步削減公交系統(tǒng)對(duì)環(huán)境帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。1．WhatisspecialaboutthebusstopsinUtrecht?A．Theyareeco-friendly.B．Theycansavealotofenergy.C．Theyareartificiallyintelligent.D．Theycanprovidepowerforbuses.A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Anotheroneofthebiggestbenefitstocomeoutofthesegreenstopsistheimprovedairquality”可知，該市的車站的特殊之處在于其特別環(huán)保，故選A。]2．WhatcanweinferaboutthechangestothetransportationsysteminUtrecht?A．Notallbusesaregas-guzzlingatpresent.B．Gas-guzzlingcarshavebeencompletelyreplaced.C．Onlyelectricprivatecarsareallowedontheroads.D．Buseshaveairpurifiersfixedonthem.A[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段其次句中的“Thecityhasreplaced10gas-guzzlingbuseswithelectricbuses”可知，該市已經(jīng)將10輛耗油的公交車換成了電動(dòng)公交車。由此可以推想出，當(dāng)前并不是全部的公交車都是耗油的車，故選A。]3．WhatmightpassengerscommentonthebusserviceinUtrecht?A．Busesarealwaystoocrowded.B．Busesareoftenbehindschedule.C．Busesaretoobigforredesignedroads.D．Busesaregenerallycomfortableandsafe.D[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段其次句“Driverscanwinprizesbasedonhowsafeandcomfortabletherideis”可知，司機(jī)可以依據(jù)所供應(yīng)的乘車服務(wù)的平安和舒適程度來(lái)贏得獎(jiǎng)品。由此可以推想出，乘客可能會(huì)對(duì)公交服務(wù)表示感到平安與舒適，故選D。]4．WhatarepeoplelivinginUtrechtencouragedtodo?A．Giveupsmoking.B．Creategardensontheirroofs.C．Painttheirroofsgreen.D．Consumemorehoney.B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段其次句“There'reevenincentivesforpeopletotransformtheirroofsintogreenroofstoo”可知，該市還有為將屋頂改造成綠色屋頂?shù)娜藗児?yīng)的嘉獎(jiǎng)。由此可知，B項(xiàng)符合文意。]B(2024·深圳市一般中學(xué)其次次測(cè)試)EastAfricaisexperiencingtheworstdesertlocust(蝗蟲)outbreakindecades.Climateeventshaveacceleratedthebreedingofthepestacrosstheregion，andwithasuddenriseinthelocustpopulationexpectedincomingweeks，urgentactionsandfundsareneededtopreventahumancrisis.TwentymillionpeopleinsixoftheeightEastAfricancountriesmostaffectedbyanongoingdesertlocustoutbreakareatriskofseriousfoodinsecurity.Consideredamongthemostdestructiveofmovingpests，anadultlocustcanconsume2gofplantsperday，affectingcropsandgrasslands.Agrouptypicallyholds20to150millionlocustspersquarekilometerandcanmovehundredsofkilometersperday，invadingareascoveringmillionsofsquarekilometers.Anactivegroup，therefore，candestroycropsandgrasslandswithinaveryshortperiodoftime.Thatglobalwarmingcouldincreasetheriskofthedesertlocustcrisiswasproposedovertenyearsago，andinFebruary，theUNSecretary-GeneralAntónioGuterresstatedthatthecurrentoutbreakislinkedtotheeffectsofclimatechange—warmerseasmeanmorecyclones(旋風(fēng))generatingtheperfectbreedinggroundforlocusts.Theoutbreakhasitsoriginsin2024，whenaseriesofcyclonesintheArabianPeninsula(阿拉伯半島)enabledthewarmandwetconditionsthedesertlocustrequiresforbreedinginremoteregions.Thoughourfocushereismigrationwest，dreadfuloutbreaksofthedesertlocusthavebeenexperiencedtotheeast.Thesituationisgoingoutofcontrol.Arescueoperationandfinancialsupportneednodelay.TheFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)hasputanimmediatepricetagofUS$138millionforrapidresponseandimmediateaction—controllingthespreadofthedesertlocustandsafeguardinglivelihoods.Theysaythemathsisclear：abouthalfthefundingisneededforsupervision，groundandskycontrol，andunitingefforts；theotherhalfisneededforlivelihoodsandfoodsecurityoffarmers.Theyhavecalledontheinternationalcommunitytoactnowthroughfunding.However，bytheendofFebruary，justUS$69millionhadbeenpromised.ThismostalarmingcrisishasdevelopedandisworseninginEastAfrica.Thefundsneededtocontrolthesituationbecomeverydifficulttoachieveandthegapisabigconcern.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了東非蝗災(zāi)的抗災(zāi)資金嚴(yán)峻短缺的狀況及蝗災(zāi)的其他相關(guān)狀況。5．WhydoesthecrisishappeninEastAfrica?A．Thereisabigpopulationthere.B．Therearelargedesertsandgrasslands.C．AfricaliestowestoftheArabianPeninsula.D．Climategoodforbreedingplaysarole.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Climateeventshaveacceleratedthebreedingofthepestacrosstheregion，andwithasuddenriseinthelocustpopulationexpectedincomingweeks”及第三段中的“theUNSecretary-GeneralAntónioGuterresstatedthatthecurrentoutbreakislinkedtotheeffectsofclimatechange—warmerseasmeanmorecyclones(旋風(fēng))generatingtheperfectbreedinggroundforlocusts”可知，有利于蝗蟲繁殖的氣候發(fā)揮了作用。故選D。]6．WhydoesthewriterlistthosefiguresinPara.2?A．Towarnoftheterribledamagecausedbylocusts.B．Tohelpusunderstandhowlocustslive.C．Toshowhowmanylocuststherearenow.D．TodrawapictureofpresentAfrica.A[推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中列舉的數(shù)據(jù)可以看出，東非蝗災(zāi)影響的國(guó)家多、人數(shù)多及蝗災(zāi)的危害大。由此可推知，作者列舉那些數(shù)據(jù)的目的是告知蝗蟲造成的嚴(yán)峻破壞。故選A。]7．Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A．Thecrisisisnotnoticeduntilrecently.B．Moremoneyisneededtopreventthecrisis.C．Thecrisishasbeenthefocusoftheworld.D．LocustsareallfromtheArabianPeninsula.B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“TheFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)hasputanimmediatepricetagofUS$138million”“However，bytheendofFebruary，justUS$69millionhadbeenpromised”并結(jié)合最終一段的內(nèi)容可知，抗擊蝗災(zāi)須要許多資金，然而，資金缺口卻特別大。故選B。]8．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A．KillinglocustsbeforetoolateB．Globalwarming，aworldproblemC．ThefundinggapforthelocustcrisisD．Africa，acrisis-strickenplaceC[標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了東非蝗災(zāi)的抗災(zāi)資金嚴(yán)峻短缺的狀況以及導(dǎo)致蝗災(zāi)爆發(fā)的因素和其帶來(lái)的嚴(yán)峻后果。故C項(xiàng)最適合作本文標(biāo)題。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·合肥市其次次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))AnxietyisaweightthatIhavealwayscarried.Once，inmyfirstgrade，Ihadtoreadabooktothewholeclass.With1，Iwalkeduptothefrontslowly.Ihadn't2ittothesecondpagewhenthetearsstartedfrommyeyes.Itriedto3，butmyteacher'sglarekeptmerootedtotheseat.Sincethenthefrontoftheclassroomhasstayedamajor4ofstressforme.Later，Iwas5abadsituation.Iwasconsumedwith6wheneverIpreparedforapresentation.I7gotsleepless，worryingaboutthequality.Isimply8therealityuntilthelastminute.Whenateacher9aproject，Ialsogotnervous，butnotforthesame10asmyclassmates.Theyfearedthehardwork，whileIwasterrifiedofwalkingtothefrontto11．Itwasfunnythatonesingleemotion12acompletedisasterforme.Itdoesn'tsoundso13—everyonegetsnervousandpublicspeakingisthenumberonefear!14，socialanxietyisn'tjustafearofpublicspeaking.Forsomeone，takingatestormakingadecisiontoquitagroupcan15anxiety.Forme，anxietyisbeing16oftryingnewthingsbecauseifIdon'tknowwhattoexpect，Imightmakeafoolofmyself，whichisworsethana17life，atleastinthemoment.Myfamily'slovesavedme.Afteracceptingthatthisisjustme，Ididn't18.AndIalsomadesomefriendsinmyclass.Now，Iraisemyhand，evenwhenIlack19inmyanswer.AndIparticipateinclass，evenifitisinamore20mannerthanothers.AndwhatmattersisthatI'mnowimprovinglittlebylittle.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】焦慮始終困擾著作者。焦慮原來(lái)是一種正常的心情，人人都有，但是對(duì)于作者來(lái)講那就是個(gè)災(zāi)難。本文主要講解并描述了作者如何被焦慮所困擾，以及如何認(rèn)清自我，逐步自我改善的故事。1．A.happiness B．confusionC．unwillingness D．surpriseC[依據(jù)上一句中的“Ihadto”可推知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)很不情愿，與空后的“Iwalkeduptothefrontslowly”和下文中的“whenthetearsstartedfrommyeyes”呼應(yīng)。]2．A.made B．pushedC．counted D．gotA[作者還沒(méi)翻到其次頁(yè)，眼淚就流了下來(lái)。makeitto...“勝利抵達(dá)……”。]3．A.stop B．leaveC．smile D．repeatB[依據(jù)該句中的“butmyteacher'sglarekeptmerootedtotheseat”以及上文提到作者的不情愿可推知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)眼淚都掉下來(lái)了，想離開，但是老師示意“我”留在那里。]4．A.source B．lossC．sign D．effectA[經(jīng)過(guò)這次經(jīng)驗(yàn)后，教室前面的位置給作者留下了陰影，成了作者壓力之根源所在。source“來(lái)源”符合語(yǔ)境。]5．A.curiousabout B．sensitivetoC．carefulwith D．stuckinD[依據(jù)上文中的“AnxietyisaweightthatIhavealwayscarried”可推知，作者后來(lái)深陷這種焦慮和壓力的泥潭不能自拔。bestuckin“陷入”。]6．A.anger B．guiltC．a(chǎn)nxiety D．regretC[依據(jù)下一句中的“gotsleepless，worryingaboutthequality”可推知，作者后來(lái)只要一打算展示就會(huì)深感焦慮，甚至到了失眠的程度。]7．A.yet B．a(chǎn)gainC．still D．evenD[參看上題解析。]8．A.changed B．ignoredC．confirmed D．rememberedB[作者焦慮到躲避現(xiàn)實(shí)，直到最終一分鐘才去面對(duì)。ignore“忽視”。]9．A.finished B．a(chǎn)nnouncedC．financed D．cancelledB[依據(jù)下文中的“Theyfearedthehardwork”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可推知，當(dāng)老師宣布一項(xiàng)專題探討時(shí)，作者也感到驚慌。]10．A.reason B．purposeC．benefit D．thre