基礎(chǔ)語法-狀語從句

學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載AdverbialClause時間狀語從句：when/while/as/wheneverassoonas/immediately/directly/themoment/nosooner…than/hardly…when/once/till/untileverytime/eachtime/thefirst(second/third)timebefore/after/since原因狀語從句:because/as/for/since/nowthat/consideringthatbecauseof/thanksto/dueto/owingto條件狀語從句:if/unless/solongas/incase/onconditionthat…地點狀語從句:where/wherever讓步狀語從句:although/though/eventhough/evenifAs引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，倒裝。目的狀語從句:sothat/inorderthat/forfearthat/incase結(jié)果狀語從句：sothat/so…that/such…that方式狀語從句:as/aslf/as/though比較狀語從句:as…as/notso…as/than/themore…themore例句：I.AdverbialClauseofTime.1)Whenhecomesheretomorrow,I'llcallyou.HenryisinchargeoftheofficewhenMr.2)Whilehewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.(分詞短語）◆Whilewalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.◆Walkinginthestreet,hemetTom.HelearnedtospeakEnglishwhilehewashere.◆Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.(注意：此處while是連詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折)3)Astheywerepickingtea,thegirlsweresinginghappily.Shesangassheworked.注意：as在表示變化、過程時具有特殊意義，譯為“一邊...一邊,隨著”，因而在這些情況下只能用as來引導(dǎo)時間裝狀語從句。如： Astheeconomydevelops,people’slivesarebecomingbetterandbetter.4)Itwon’tbelongbeforehefinisheshiswriting.5)Afterhe(had)finishedhiswork,heleftthere ◆He(had)finishedhisworkbeforehelefthere. ◆Afterfinishinghiswork,helefthere. ◆Havingfinishedhiswork,helefthere.6)Ihaveknownhimeversincehewasaboy.IhaveworkedheresinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.Itis(hasbeen)twoyearssincehecamehere.7)Hewillnotgotobeduntil(till)hismothercomes.Untilshetoldme,Ihadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaid.Itisnotuntilhismothercomeshomethathewillgotobed.(強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)）8)Assoonasshegothome,shebegantocook.9)Everytime/eachtimeIcatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.Therewasanapplausethemoment(assoonas)sheappearedonthestage.10)Bythetimehearrived,thetrainhadalreadygone.Bythetimehecomes,wewillalreadyhaveleft.II.AdverbialClausesofReason1)Theshipchangeditscoursebecausetherewasastorm.2)Sinceyouareill,you’dbettergotoseethedoctor.3)AsJanewastheoldestinthisfamily,shehadtolookaftertheothers.4)Nowthatclassisover,let’sgotoplayfootball.5)Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.III.AdverbialClausesofCondition1)Ifyouworkharder,youwillsucceed2)Wecan’twritetoMaryunlessshetellsusheraddress.3)IwillnevergiveuplearningaslongasIlive.4)We’llletyouusetheroomonconditionthatyoukeepittidy.(條件是…)5)You’dbettertakeyourraincoatwithyouincaseitrains.（萬一,=itshouldrain）IV.AdverbialClausesofPlace1)Whereveryougo,whateveryoudo,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou.2)Iwantyoutoputthegunwhereitusedtobe.V.AdverbialClausesofPurpose1)Theysetoutearlysothat(inorderthat)theymightarrivethereintime.2)Theysetoutearlyforfearthattheymightmissthetrain.3)You’dbettertakeyourraincoatwithyouincaseitrains.（萬一）VI.AdverbialClausesofResult1)ItissogoodastorythatI’llneverforgetit.ItissuchagoodstorythatI’llneverforgetit.2)so+many/few+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+thatclausemuch/little+不可數(shù)名詞◆Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn’tsupporthisfamily.◆heissolittleaboythathecan’tevenspeak.(注意對比little的不同含義)VII.AdverbialClausesofComparison1)Hedoesn’tworksohardasyoudo.2)ThereisasmuchinkinbottleAasinbottleB.3)Themoreyouworry,thelessyou’llsucceed.4)Goldismuchheavierthananyothermetal.VIII.AdverbialClausesofconcession(讓步狀語從句）1)Although(Though)heisold,heworkshard.2)Eventhough(evenif)yousayso,Idon’tbelieveit.(即使)3)Difficultastheworkis,we’llfinishitontime.Thoughtheworkisdifficult,we’llfinishitontime.4)Whereveryougo,whateveryoudo,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou.IX.AdverbClausesofManner1)YoumusttrytodoasIdid.2)Let’sdoasMrs.Li3)Hetalksasifheknewallaboutit.(好像)由as,though引導(dǎo)的特殊讓步狀語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：在正式文體或文學(xué)作品中，為了強調(diào)讓步的含義，可用as引導(dǎo)讓步從句。但as一般不置于句首，而將從句中的表語或狀語置于句首。（though與as一樣，也可以用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)），如下面幾種情況：1.表語的倒裝：Tiredashewas,hestillwentonwithhiswork.OldasIam,Icanstillfight.Tallas/thoughhewas,hecouldn’treachthetopshelf.Difficultthoughthetaskwas,theymanagedtoaccomplishitintime.注意：如果此時表語是單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞，倒裝后應(yīng)省略冠詞，如Boyasheis,heknowsalot.Oldmanthoughhewas,hecouldrunfasterthanayoungman.2.狀語的倒裝：（這時不可在狀語之前加very,much等修飾語）MuchasIadmirehimasawriter,Idonotlikehimasaman.Muchashelikesthebike,hedoesn’twanttobuyit.HardasIstudied,Icouldnotcatchupwiththem.3.謂語動詞的倒裝：Tryashewould,hecouldnotrememberawordofit.)Tryashemight,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Hatehimaswemay,wemustadmithisgreatness.Searchastheywould,theycouldfindnothingintheroom.PastParticipleusedasAdverbial—過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語修飾謂語，大多說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情況，表示時間、條件、原因、伴隨情況等。一般說來，這一結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語是主句的主語。1．Confused（表原因）bythestonesflyingatthemfromallsides,theboysranintothebuilding.Separatedatbirth,thetwinsdonotknoweachother.2．Onceseen(表時間),itcanneverbeforgotten.Questionedaboutthemurder,hecametense.3．Given(表條件)morewater,thefishcouldn’tdie.Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.4．Eventhoughdefeated(表讓步)again,thescientistdidn’tgiveup.5.Seen(表方式)fromaspaceship,theearthlookslikeabluegreenwhiteball.6．Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followed(表伴隨)byherlittledaughter.Heturnedawaydisappointed.連詞加分詞作狀語有時分詞可以用連詞加以強調(diào)。連詞while常接現(xiàn)在分詞；when接現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞均可；once,if,though,although,evenif,eventhough,unless,than,as(像)等后面只能接過去分詞。Whentraveling,youshouldtakecareofyourself.Whentoldofthenews,shegotveryexcited.Don’treachsidewaywhilestandingonaladder.Iwon’tgotothepartyunlessinvited.Iwonderwhyhedidn’tdotheexperimentastoldto.Thoughsurrounded,theydidn’tgiveup.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作狀語時需要注意的事項：過去分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的時候，它的邏輯主語通常應(yīng)是句子的主語。從山頂上看，這座城市非常美麗。狀語從句作狀語（從句和主句可以有不同的主語）Ifyouseefromthehill,thecityisbeautiful.Whenyouseefromthehill,thecityisbeautiful.過去分詞短語作狀語Seenfromthehill,thecityisbeautiful.Seeingfromthehill,youcanseethecityisbeautiful.把水加熱到100度，誰就沸騰了。狀語從句作狀語If/When(itis)heatedto100℃,waterwillboil.(從句與主句的主語一致)If/Whenweheatitto100℃,waterwillboil.(從句與主句的主語不同)過去分詞短語作狀語Heatedto100℃,waterwillboil.Heatedto100℃,waterboils.(講述的是自然現(xiàn)象)專項練習(xí)：1.Heleftin___ahurry___heforgottolockthedoor.A.such,that B.so,thatC.such,asD.so,when2.Itwas____ahundredpeoplelookedlostinit.A.solargearoomthat B.solargeroomC.asuchlargeroom D.suchlargearoom3.ThePrincipalgottotheplatformandsatdown,____toanswerthequestions.A.preparing B.beingpreparing C.preparedD.toprepare4.---Whydidyoumovethetableoverthere?---____thenewsofa.A.Tomakeroomfor B.ShareroomwithC.Givenroomto D.Savingroomfor5.____lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.Tosleep B.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept6.Iprefer____to____.A.todrive,ratherthanbeingdriven B.todrive,bedrivenC.drive,beingdriven D.driving,beingdriven7.“Doyouhaveanything____toyourson?I’mgoingtoBeijing.A.totake B.tobetakenC.takenD.tobring8.Theyadvisedus____tiemachineimmediately.A.tosetaboutmaking B.settingabouttomakeC.settingaboutmaking D.tosetabouttomake9.Speaktohimslowly____hemayunderstandyoubetter.A.since B.sothat C.for D.because10.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only____thefilmstarshadleft.A.totell B.tobetold C.telling D.told11.Withalotofproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settle B.settling C.tosettle D.beingsettled---Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.---Imeant___,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn’tfindheranywhere.A.todo B.to C.doing D.doingsoShecan’thelp____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleaned D.beingcleaned14.YoulikesportsI’dliketoread. A．when B．while C．but D．yet15.weweresinging,theteachercamein. A．Before B．a(chǎn)fter C．As D．Until16.Iwasabouttoleavemyhousethephonerang. A．while B．when C．a(chǎn)s D．a(chǎn)fter17.Theydidnotstopfightingtherewasnoenemyleft. A．until B．a(chǎn)fter C．when D．since18.Ihavenotseenhimhewenttocollege. A．when B．before C．a(chǎn)s D．since19.Itisfivedayswecamehere. A．when B．before C．a(chǎn)s D．since20.Itwasnotlonghegottoknowit. A．when B．before C．a(chǎn)fter D．until21.Weshallgowearefree. A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．however22.IliveImustservethepeopleheartandsoul. A．When B．Solongas C．Assoonas D．Oncondition23.IwasreadinganovelhewaswatchingTV. A．when B．while C．before D．a(chǎn)s24.Putthemedicineyoucaneasilygetit. A．sothat B．where C．which D．there25.WewillgothePartywantsustogo. A．wherever B．there C．totheplace D．which26.thereisawillthereisaway. A．When B．Where C．Whether D．How27.Iamgoingyouwentlastweek. A．where B．wherever C．when D．theplace28.yougo,youshouldbearthemotherlandinyourmind. A．Where B．Wherever C．Whatever D．However29.weatherpermits,we’llhaveanouting. A．For B．Though C．While D．If30.Youwon’tsucceedharder. A．unlessyouwillwork B．unlessyouwork C．unlessyoudon’twork D．ifyouwon’twork31.Iwonderifheus,andIthin