現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法（ModernChinesegrammar）

Phrases,alsocalledphrases,arelanguageunitsthatcombinewordsandphrases.Itcanbedividedintothreepartsaccordingtotheirformation:

Coordinatephrases

Aphraseconsistingoftwoormorethantwonouns,verbsandadjectivesjuxtaposed.Suchasteachersandstudents,research,trainingandimproving,andwithariotofcolourisblackandwhite,andvaliantrecordetc..

Positivephrase

Aphrasecomposedofmodifiersandwordsiscomposedofanattributeoranadverbialandacentralword.Suchasmyteacher,acustomer,agreatpeople,aparadise;carefulobservation,moreresolute,suddenlyfound,veryspectacular,quitequickly.

Verbobjectphrase

Aphrasecomposedofwordsandwordsaccordingtothedominatingrelation,consistingofverbsandobjects.Suchasdinner,buildingahouse,singingthemotherland,theoverallsituation,concernedaboutthecollective,clearthinking,haveexperiencedyearsofwindandfrost.

Verbcomplementphrase

Aphrasecomposedofwordsandwordsinaccordancewithsupplementaryrelations,consistingofverbsoradjectivesandcomplements.Suchasunderstand,thinktoomuch,sendout,liveanight,say,redhot,scaredtodeath,verygood,verybeautiful,sillystay.

Subjectpredicatephrase

Aphrasecomposedofwordsandwords,whichconsistsofsubjectandpredicate.Suchasmood,racket,thegoodlifeofpeace,thebrightspringdays,curvedasKyushuetc..

Theprepositionalphrase

Phrasescomposedofprepositionsandobjects.Fromthemountains,tothedesert,tothepeople,fromtherain,intheclassroom,whenthesunrises,etc..

Therepeatedphrase

Aphrasemadeupoftwowordswhosemeaningsarebasicallythesame.AsthehometownofSichuan,thegreatleaderMaoZedong,LiBai,WuXiaoming,brewmastermastermind,theirkingAndyLau.

Theverbalphrase

Aphraseformedbyaverborverbphrase.Suchasplay,toreceivethebook,tositbackandwait,comebacktobuyfood,superfluous,targetingreturnetc..

Concurrentphrase9

Aphrasemadeupofaverbobjectphraseandasubjectpredicatephrase.Ifyoudon'ttalk,lethimcallout,thewolf,afascinating,fanghuguishan,etc.,failtocommand.

Thespecialphrases

(1.)wordphrase.Suchas,say,see,think,donotwanttosee;(2.)"phrase"phrase.Aswesee,andthefantastic,womanishlyfussy;(3.modalphrase.Ifyoucanseeandspeak,willingtoorders,canstarttoabsent;thenumberofphrases,thenumeralsandquantifiersarecombinedintophrases,suchasagroup,abar,abasket,twoorfortyyears.Accordingtothegrammaticalfunction,phrasescanbedividedintonounphrases,adjectivephrases,verbphrases,subjectpredicatephrases,prepositionalphrases,etc..

Editthisparagraphfour.Sentenceandsentenceclassification.

Thesentenceisaunitoflanguageconsistsofwordsorphrases,toexpressacompletemeaning,cancompleteasimplecommunicativetask,acertaintoneinspeech,saidthestatement,interrogative,imperative,interjection,withafullstop,questionmark,exclamationpointinwritingexpressed.Completesentencestructureis:(fixed)main//[]<>+complementpredicateshape(fixed)objectforexample:(we)[]]tolearnsomestudents||[<>good(Professional)course/ininfrontofthesubjectandthelanguagecenterismodifiedsubjectorobjectsuchas:"(winter)thespring"usedintheverbcomplement,isthatpredicatecentersuchas:"identify"carefully""

Sentenceelement

1,subjectsubjectistheobjectofpredicatestatement,whichis"whatperson"or"what"".Forexample:(1)theChinesepeoplehavehighaspirations.(2)improvingthescientificandculturallevelofthewholeChinesenationisthevitalcauseofhundredsofmillionsofpeople.2,thepredicatepredicateisthestatementofthesubject,indicatingthesubject,indicatingthesubject"whatis",orhow".Forexample:(1)theskysuddenlydisappeared.(2)theleavesareyellow.(3)Wangissixteenyearsold.

(4)LuXunisthefounderofChinesemodernliterature.(5)tomorrow,Sunday.(6)hereadsallthebooks.3,theobjectintheverbbehind,indicatingtheaction,behaviorinvolvingthepersonorthing,answer"who"or"what"akindofproblem.Forexample:(1)whatiscalledinformation?(2)surroundedbyacrowdofpeopleatthegate.(3)Marxthoughtthatknowledgewasthemeanstofightandservetheliberationoftheproletariat.4,attributiveattributiveisthejointcomponentofthenounorpronoun,whichisusedtomodifytherestrictednounorpronoun,indicatingthenature,status,quantity,andbelongingofapersonorthing.Forexample:(1)thatheavyrice,likearidge(golden)pearl.(2)threecupsofwineandrelatives.(3)inthesnow(red)pearltea(BaiZhongyingreen),theplum(DanBan).(4)thehistoryofChinahasitsowncharacteristics.5,adverbialadverbialisaverboradjectiveinfrontofthejointcomponent,usedtomodify,restrictverbsoradjectives,indicatingtheactionofthestate,mode,time,placeordegree.Forexample:(1)he[hasalreadygone].(2)let'ssee[Beijing].(3)thesongbringsdeepmemoriestotheteacher.(4)sciencefinallydefeateddivinerightswithgreatandoverwhelmingforce.Adverbsandadjectivesareoftenusedasadverbials.Nounsoftimeandplaceareoftenusedasadverbials,andnounsingeneralarenotadverbial.Inadditiontotheverbverb,verbrarelyadverbialprepositionalphrasesoftenusedasadverbial.Generaladverbialtighteveninthecentralhighspeedinfrontofthetable,butthetimeandplace,thepurposeofanounorprepositionalphraseasadverbial,canbeplacedinfrontofthesubject,suchas[inHangzhou],wevisitedtheWestLakescenicspots.6.complementcomplementisthejointcomponentbehindtheverboradjective.Itisusedtosupplementtheaction,theresult,thedegree,thetendency,thetime,theplace,thequantity,theshapeandsoon.Forexample:(1)thebroadmassesofthepeopledo"bustlingwithenthusiasm".(2)thecharactershewrotearenotbetterthantheoriginalone,buttheyarebetterthanmany.(3)hewasbornin1918.(4)hesitsatthetable.(5)thecolorissothickthatitlookslikeit'sgoingtoflow.7.independentcomponentsinthesentenceandothercomponents(themain,predicateandobject,andthelike,producefill)structure,butthemeaningisnecessaryforthewholesentence,hasarelativelyindependentcomponent,usedtoexpresstheappellationofthings,thatcall,theoriginalestimate,notes,andsighimitate,toneetc..Forexample:(1)itisverysimple,yousee,wecanmatter?(2)itisveryobviousthatthescientificandculturallevelofthewholeChinesenationisnotgreatlyimproved,andthefourmodernizationsareemptytalk.(3)ah,howfascinatedpeopleofthebeautifulbrightautumn!(4)bang,bang,aguncame,asanindependentcomponent,therearesomewords,somephrases,itismoreflexibleinthesentenceposition,someinthesentencehead,andsomeinthesentence.8,thecompoundreferstotheuseoftwoormorethantwowordsorphrasesrefertothesamething,asthesamesentencecomponents.Forexample:(1)Mr.himselfwantstowritebooks.(2)thestateshouldbeindependent,thenationshouldbeliberated,andthepeoplewantrevolution.Anirresistiblehistoricaltrend.(3)thisisthemostmagnificentbattleontheKoreanbattlefield--thebattleofpinepeak.-modifiedsentence]+(set)themain+[shapepredicateverbcomplement]<>+(fixed)+<>objectobjectcomplement.Whenforeignerscometo[],(Hospitality)inTianjin[][alwaysplayedonthegroundbeamwithjoy>>(Tianjin)<>howauthenticsnacks

Distinguishbetween:

First,carefullyexaminethetwoconcepts,startingfromtheanswertotheproblem.Theobjectisthedominatingobjectoftheverbcentrallanguage,andthecomplementisthecomplementtotheverbandtheadjectivecentralword,accordingtothesetwodifferentconcepts,

Weknowthattheobjectisajointcomponentofverb,betweenitandtheverbistobeconcernedwiththerelationshipinvolved,theansweris"who"or"what"category;andcomplementverbsisjointcomponentwordsbehindit,andtheverbsoradjectivesisaddedandadded,andthatisthatrelationship,answerthequestionof"how".Forexample:(1)heplaysball.(2)heplayedthe"lost".Cases(1),"ball"is"playing"referstotheobject,answer"what"questions,soitisanexample(2)inthe"lost"isadded"hit"theansweris"how"questions,soisthecomplement.Itisthemostbasicmethodtodistinguishtheobjectandcomplementfromthetwoaspectsoftheconceptandtheanswertothedifferentquestions.Second,accordingtotheclassificationofthepartsofspeech,wecanidentifythequantitativestructure.Itisalsooneofthemethodstojudgethesentenceelementsbycomparingthepartsofspeech.Theobjectastheobjectverbinvolved,oftenwithnouns,pronounsorothernounphrasesascomplements;andoftenuseadjectives,verbs,prepositions,verbs,adjectivestructuresorotherwordstoactas.Forexample:(1)hereadsbooks.(2)helookedatit.(3)whatdoeshelookat?(4)hesawitveryseriously.(5)hewenttoXinhuabookstore.(6)hecamefromthesouth.Theabove(1)(3)(5)sentencesusenouns,pronounsandnounphrasesasobjects,while(2)(4)(6)sentencesuseverbs,adjectivesorprepositionalstructuresascomplements.Thequantitystructurecanbeusedasanobjectoracomplementinasentence,soweshoulddistinguishitfromthemeaningoftheword.Forexample,hewrotethree;hesangthreetimes.Theformer"three"referstothethings,istoreplaceattributivecenteroftheword,itistheobject;thelatterreferstothe"threetimes"thenumberisaddedtosing,"sing"theverb,itisthecomplement.Hewastedthreedays,andherestedforthreedays.Theabovetwosentencesallappear"threedays"this"Numeral+timenoun"thestructure,"threedays"obviouslysavesbehind"time"thiscentralword.Thenwehavetoseewhetherthepredicateverbcanmatchtheword"time"thatisomitted.Itcanbeusedasaverbobjectstructure,indicatingthattheobjectbehindtheverbisanobject;ifnot,itisacomplement.Intheprevioussentence,"waste"canbeusedasaverbobjectrelationshipwiththecentralword"time",sothe"threeday"of"threedays"isanattributeinsteadofacentralwordasanobject.Inthelattersentence,although"rest"canbematchedwith"time",itconstitutesapartialpositiverelation,notaverbobjectrelationship,andisnotsuitableforthesentencemeaning.Therefore,the"threeday"isthecomplementoftheperiod.Anotherexample:heboughttwometers,linelengthtwometers.Theformer"twometers"istheobjectof"buying",and"nature"istheobject.Thelatter"twometers"isacomplementtotheadjective"Chang",andtheadjectivehasthecharacteristicsofnoobject,sothe"twometers"canonlybethecomplement.Inaddition,thenonverbverbssuchas"yes","equal","turn"andsoon,aretheobjectsofthesewords,sotheyarenotcomplements,butobjects.Forexample,Ihaveten;onebecomestwo;threeplusthreeequalssix.Thequantitystructureinthesesentencesisanobject.Third,the"two"testof"get"and"this"isanalyzedfromthe"sequence"and"structure".Asweknow,thestructuralauxiliaryword"de"isthesignofcomplement.Forexample,hesmiled"verynaive";theflowerswere"very";whatdidhesay?However,iftheword"de"isnotusedasastructuralauxiliary,andwhenitappearsasanindependentmorpheme,wecannotconfuseitwiththeword"morpheme".Heknowsthis.You'reworthlearning.Inthesesentences,theword"de"iscombinedwithothermorphemesintoaninseparableword,soitisnotasignofcomplement,andtheobjectbehinditisanobject.

Theobjectandcomplementoftheword"Yi"canbedeterminedbythepronoun"this".Theword"Zi"isthemostcommonmeasureword,usuallyusedinfrontofnouns.Forexample:(1)eatawatermelon.(2)eata"happy".(1)theword"watermelon"is"eat",istheobject,andcanbein"a"word"this"word(2);theword"fun"isadded"toeat",notin"a"front"this"word.Thatistosay,ingeneral,theword"zhe"canbeaddedtotheobjectbeforetheword"bu",otherwiseitisthecomplement.Generallyspeaking,whenthereisanobjectorcomplementatthebackoftheverb,itisbeforeandaftertheobject,sothepositionoftheobjectandthecomplementintheverbcansometimesbeusedasthebasisforjudgment.Hehittheballthreetimes.Iknitasweater.Butinsomecases,theoppositeistrue.Cases(1),hisdaily"twice"mountain.Whencomplementisquantifierstructure,thisorderismorecommon.Example(2):takeaglassofwater!Hetoredownapieceofpaper.Inthetwosentences,theformercomplementisthedirectionalverb,aftertheobject;thelattercomplementisthesyntheticdirectionalverb;thetwopartisplacedinfrontandbehindtheobjectrespectively.Someprepositionalstructurescanalsobeplacedaftertheobjectascomplement,suchas"thisisagreatinspiration".Inaddition,somephraseswiththesameformcanbecomparedandjudgedbyanalyzingthestructure.Forexample,herandowntheembankment.Hetookoffhisglasses.Withthenextwordphrasesarethetwosentencesintheprevioussentence,""and"dyke"constitutetheverbobjectrelationship,"run"complement,supplementrunistheresultofthelevee,ratherthan"thelevee"is"rundown";afterthesentence""and"pick"collocationintowords,thepredicate"glasses""off"thewordobject"glasses"is"off";Iwanttogotoameeting;Igo"once.Thesetwosentencesalsohavethesameformof"goonce",butaccordingtothestructuralanalysis,itisinthesentenceasacomponentisobviouslydifferent.Inshort,althoughtheobjectandcomplementhavedifficulttodistinguishtheside,butaslongaswetakeseriouslyintheteachingprocess,domorecontrast,summary,afterrepeatedtraining,stillcanachievethedesiredpurpose.Accordingtothesentencestructurecanbedividedinto1.phrases:noanalysisofclausesentences.Including:thesubjectpredicatesentence(consistingofsubjectpredicatephrasesentence),suchastoday,Friday.Herspecialidentity".ZhaozhouBridge"[]verymajestic.(bridge)design"[completely]aprinciple(Science).Wait。Nonsubjectpredicatesentences(sentencescomposedofotherphrasesorsinglewords),suchas"ah"!Whatabeautifulrainbow!Hurryup!NoSmoking！Goahead.Well！Wait。Thespecialsentence,sentencefeaturesspecialsentence.Themainsentenceis:(1.)sentence:use"Ba"(or"will")torefertotheverbbeforetheverb.ThestructureofBasentenceis:"++object"asadverbial.Semantically,theBasentenceisactive.Thesubjectisthedoer,acting,disposingofanobject.Theobjectofdisposalisspecifiedorknown.Suchas:A,wekilledtheleopard.B,youscaredmetodeath.Cdon'trelyonothersforyourownbaddeeds.(2.Beisentence):thepreposition"Bei"isusedtoformtheprepositionalphraseasadverbial,andthesentenceexpressingpassivesemantic.ThetypicalformofBeisentenceis:subject+quilt+object+verbphrase.Semantically,passivesentencesarepassive.Thesubjectispassive,acceptingaction.A'smurdererwascaughtbythepolice.Bbirdswerescaredawaybythem.Ctheglasswasbrokenbythelittleprince.(3.)verblinkedsentence:thesubjectpredicatesentencewithconsecutivephrasesasthepredicate.Itsmainfeatureisthattwoormorethantwoverbsorverbphrasesareusedtogethertorepresentasubject;

Thereisarelationbetweentheverbortheverbphraseintermsoftheorder,thepurpose,thewayorthemeans;thereisnopausebetweenthetwoverbsorverbphrases,andthereisnoassociatedwords.Suchas:A,hewentshopping.Bhetookthestuffandwalkedaway.Cthey'reswimmingdowntheriver.DXiaoLiiscominghomebytramtoday.(4.sentences:theconcurrentphraseasthesubjectpredicatesentence.Itsmainfeaturesareasfollows:thepredicateismadeupofaverbobjectphraseandasubjectpredicatephrase;theverbintheverbobjectphraseisusuallymadeupoftheverb.Suchas:"call,let,send,make,ask,teach,advise,order,forbid,appoint,call,elect"andsoon.Yes,itdoes".Forexample,A,I'llaskComradeZhouEnlaitoexplain.Byoulethimcometomyofficeintheafternoon.Cinthebluesky,thereisaflockofgeeseflyingover.

attach

Thedifferencebetween"doublesentence"and"subjectpredicatephrase"asobject:(1)distinguishthefirstverb.Inthefirsthalfoftheverbsentencesistablemakingrequest,itisdominatedbytheobject;thefirstverbphraseastheobject,isgenerallyperceived(seetable,table,etc.,foundthat)ofmentalactivity(think,think,think,want,seetheideographicetc.)(claim,proof,show,description,mark),itisdominatedbyonething(acharacterwithhisaction).2.complexsentences,consistingoftwoormorethantwoclauses.Include:(1)arepeatingsentence,onlytwoclausessentence.Thereareeightmaintypes:(1.parallelsentence,twoormorethantwoclausesstatedseveralthings,orseveralthings,orafewthings,isaparallelrelationshipbetweenclausesparallel.Themainrelatedwordsareasfollows......Again......And,yes,same,not......But......Yes,itis......Not......Atthesametime,ontheonehand......Ontheonehand......Sometimes......Sometimes......Yes,thereare......Some.......Suchas:itdoesnotneedanyonetofertilize,andwhodoesnotneedirrigation.Wearenotemptywords,butaction.Sevenstepsfromdoortowindow,sevenstepsfromwindowtodoor.(2.)thecomplexsentence,twoormorethantwoclauses,onefollowedbyonenarrative,thecontinuousaction,oraseriesofthingsthathappeninsuccession.Thereisasequencebetweenclauses.Commonlyusedconnectivesare:"yes","no",then","andthen,andthen,first(atfirst)......Then......Thus.Thetwoofthemholdinghands,throughthewoods,overthehillside,backtothecottage.Atfirsttheyaskedmeaboutmypersonalsituation,andthenIaskedsomequestionsabouttherevolutionarysituationandthemovementsoftheenemytroopsstationedinthetownsandcities.3.Aftereating,LaoQinandXiaoFuwenttothefieldstoplaymillet.(3.progressivecompoundsentence,themeaningofthelatterclauseisdeeperthanthemeaningoftheprecedingclause,andtheclauseistheprogressiverelation.Thecommonlyusedconnectivesare:notonlynotonlybutalsonot......And(also,also)......Eventhough......Nottomention(nottomention)......Moreover.Suchas:(1)thisbridgeisnotonlygracefulinform,butalsofirminstructure.Thedesignofthebridgeiscompletelyinlinewiththeprinciple,andtheconstructiontechnologyneckisexquisite.Third,heisnotafraidofsuchtimidpeople.AmIstillafraid?(4.)choosecompoundsentences,twoormorethantwoclauses,andsaytwoormorethingsseparately,andchooseoneormoreofthem.Thechoicerelationisformedbetweenclauses.Thecommonlyusedconnectivesareasfollows......Inferiorto......Rather......Alsonot......Or,or......Or......No,no.......Thatis......Either......Either......Maybe......Perhaps......Possible......Possible......Maybe......Maybe.......Forexample,asamanofintegrity,itisbettertostanddeadratherthanliveonhisknees.Weprefertobecriticized,nortoengageinfalsedeedswithconscience!WuSonggo,orkillthetiger,orbeeatenbythetiger,

Nochoice.(5.clauses,afteraclausedoesnotfollowtheprecedingclausemeanit,butasaturningpoint,witharelativeclause,sayinsteadorpartoftheoppositemeaningto.Therelationsbetweenclausesconstituteaturningrelation.Thecommonlyusedconjunctionsare:Although(albeit)......But(but,but,yes,or,ornot)......But,but,but,just,but,actually,...Suchas:heisasmallage,courageisnotsmall.AlthoughIsawataglanceisRuntu,butnotmymemoryontheground.Thefewofusearnestlytotellhimthetruth,hecouldnothearaword.(6.)assumingthecompoundsentence,theformerclauseassumestheexistenceortheoccurrenceofacertainsituation,andthelatterclausestatestheoutcomeofthehypotheticalcase.Therelationshipbetweenthetwoclausesisahypotheticalconditionandtheresult.ThecommonRelatedwordsare:(if,if,if,if,should,if,if,should)......Just(so,then,then,andso)......Evenifitis,evenif,evenif,evenif,evenif......Also(ornot)......Again......Also.......Forexample,ifLaoWangcan'tgo,letmego.Eveniftheskyfalls,itmustbedoneagain.Ifanyonewantstoappreciateourgarden,Suzhougardenshouldnotbemissed.(7.causalcompoundsentences,precedingclauses,reasons,andlaterclauses,theresultscanbedividedintoexplanationofcauseandeffectandinferenceofcauseandeffect.Itexplainsthecauseandeffect,aclauseexplainsthecause,theotherclauseexplainstheresultproducedbythisreason,thecauseandeffectareobjectivefacts.Commonlyusedconjunctionsare:(because)......So(easy)......Dueto......Therefore......Therefore,thereasonwhy......Because.......Inference,aclauseputsforwardabasisorpremise,thelatterclausedrawstheconclusion,theconclusionissubjectivejudgment,notnecessarilythefact.Commonlyusedconjunctionsare:since(both)......Just(why,why,why?).......Suchas:(1)weadvocatepositiveideologicalstruggle,becauseitistoachieveunitywithinthepartyandrevolutionarygroups,sothatitisconducivetofightingweapons.Theelderbrothersincehethrowawaylikespilledwater,whyshouldheunabletopart?Severalrealcapitalistshavemovedabout,soitisquiet.Asforthetwoexaminationbynotsufferingfromconstantchronicillness,andhehadtocramsecondtimesintothethreshold.(8.conditionalcomplexsentences,thefirstclauseputsforwardacondition,andthelatterclauseshowsthatoncetheconditionisachieved,theresultisdividedintothreetypes:full,necessaryandcomplete.ThecommonRelatedwordsareaslongastheyareaslongastheyare......Just......Only......Talent......Unless......Talent(no)......Nomatter(nomatter,nomatter)......Capital.......Suchas:clothingaslongascleanandtidy,themoresimple,morecomfortablewearing.Theonlywith"knowingthatmountaintiger,undeterredthecouragetoswaggerontheroadofsuccess.Unlesswearepreparedinadvance,thisactionwillneversucceed.Nomatterthepersonisnotneat,weallrushedtothebattlefield.(9.)explainingacompoundsentence,aclauseindicatingasituation,andotherclausesexplaining,explainingorsummarizingthesituation.Generallynotassociatedwords.Suchas:thereareseveralspinposture:sitwiththefutonspinning,cansitstoolspinning,canalsoputthewheelpadaloftspinning.Oneisdogmatism,oneisempiricism,andthetwoissubjectivism.(10.)acompoundsentence,aclauseindicatingtherealizationoravoidanceofacertainpurpose,andaclauseindicatingtheacttakenforthatpurpose.Commonlyusedconnectivesare:for,for,for,for,for,for,lest.Suchas:Ieatsnowhere,justforourmotherlandpeopledonoteatsnow.Duringthisperiod,schoolguardsshouldcheckthecampusfacilitiessoastoavoidsafetyaccidents.

Beforeweanswerthequestion,weshouldthinkcarefullysoasnottoreviseitlater.(2)therearetwoormorethantwosentenceswithmultiplerepetitions.Therearetwolevelscalledtworepeatedsentences,therearethreelevelscalledthreecomplexsentences,therestinturn.Amultiplesentenceisanextensionofarepeatedsentence.Theanalysisofrepeatedsentencescanbedonebysignmethodandboxdiagrammethod.Suchas:(1.symbolmethod:firstlysomepeoplebackalthoughnotaburden,"(tied)incontactwiththemassesofthestrengths,|(turning),butnotgoodatthinking,"|(tied)tothebrainstobrains"(causal)theresultsstilldonotcause.Hewasalsoaskedhisfathertogivemeabagofshellsandafewverybeautifulfeathers,"(TIE)Ihavetosendhimoneortwothings,|(turn),butwenevermet.(2.framegraphicmethod:somepeoplebackalthoughnotaburden,themassesofthestrengths,butnotgoodatthinking,notthebrainsthinkafter,theresultsstilldonotcause.Helaterofferedhisfatherashellandafewfinebirdfeathers,andIsenthimoneortwothings,butnevermetagain.(3.repeatsentenceanalysissteps:anoverallsituation,determinethenumberofclauses.Understandingthesemanticsofthewholesentenceandestablishingthefirstlevel.Third,analyzerelatedwordsandanalyzethemaccordingtocollocation."Parallelcomplexsentenceandcomplexsentencesfrom1.parallelcomplexsentenceclausesaresymmetrictoeachother,aparallelechelonarrangement.ItsbasicformatsareA,B,C......Theclausesarearrangedfreely,andsometimestheycanbeexchanged.Hereadsthenewspaper,listenstothemusic,whileeatsmeal.Mikeiseighteenyearsold,twenty-fouryearoldWang,as