英語語法術(shù)語英漢對照表

語法術(shù)語英漢對照表Aactivesentence主動句activevoice主動態(tài)ability能力absoluteconstruction獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)abstractnoun抽象名詞adjective形容詞adjunct修飾形狀語adverb副詞adverbofdegree程度副詞adverboffrequency頻度副詞adverbofmanner方式副詞adverbofplace地點(diǎn)副詞adverboftime時間副詞adverbial狀語adverbialclauseofcause原因狀語分句adverbialclauseofconcession讓步狀語分句adverbialclauseofcondition條件狀語分句adverbialclauseofmanner方式狀語分句adverbialclauseofplace地點(diǎn)狀語分句adverbialclauseofpurpose目的狀語分句adverbialclauseofresult結(jié)果狀語分句adverbialclauseoftime時間狀語分句adverbphrase副詞詞組affix詞綴allomorph詞素變體alternativeform替換形式alternativequestion選擇性疑問句attachmentrule依著法則analyticform分析形式anaphoricreference后照應(yīng)anaphoricspecificreference后照應(yīng)特指antecedent先行項(xiàng)anticipatory"it"先行“it”antonym反義詞appositive同位語appropriacy適合性aspect體assertiveword肯定次attribute定語attributiveclause定于從句auxiliary助動詞Bbareinfinitive不帶to不定式baseform原形basicclausetype分句基本類型/基本句型basicform基本形式be-passivebe-型被動態(tài)be-subjunctivebe-型虛擬式boundmorpheme粘附詞素Ccardinalnumeral基數(shù)詞case格cataphoricreference前照應(yīng)cataphoricspecificreference前照應(yīng)特指centraladjective中心形容詞centraldeterminer中位限定詞clausalsubstitution分句性替代clause分句clauseelement分句成分cleftsentence分裂句climax層進(jìn)法closedclass封閉詞類coherence連貫性cohesion粘著性collectivenoun集體名詞combiningform組合形式command/imperativesentence祈使句commoncase通格commongender通性commonnoun普通名詞communicativefunction交際功能comparativeclause比較分句comparativeconstruction比較結(jié)構(gòu)comparativedegree比較級comparativereference比較照應(yīng)complementation補(bǔ)足成分complexclause復(fù)雜分句complexpreposition復(fù)雜介詞complexsentence復(fù)雜句complexsubordinator復(fù)雜從屬連詞complextransitiveverb復(fù)雜賓語及物動詞complexverbphrase復(fù)雜動詞詞組compoundadjective復(fù)合形容詞compoundadverb復(fù)合副詞compound-complexsentence并列復(fù)雜句compoundconjunction復(fù)合連詞compoundnoun復(fù)合名詞compoundpredicate并列謂語compoundpreposition復(fù)合介詞compoundpronoun復(fù)合代詞compoundsentence并列句compoundsubject并列主語compoundverb復(fù)合動詞compoundword復(fù)合詞concord/agreement一致conditional條件句conjunction連詞conjunctiveadverb連接副詞conjunct連接性狀語contentword實(shí)義詞contractedform縮略形式contrastivemeaning對比含義coordinateelement并列成分coordinateconstruction并列結(jié)構(gòu)coordinatesubject并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語coordinator并列連詞coreferencepro-form指代詞correctness正確性correlativecoordinator關(guān)聯(lián)并列連詞correlativesubordinator關(guān)聯(lián)從屬連詞count/countablenoun可數(shù)名詞Ddanglingparticiple懸垂分詞definitearticle定冠詞definitequantity確定數(shù)量definitespecificreference確定特指demonstrativedeterminer指示限定詞demonstrativepronoun指示代詞dependentclause從屬分句derivationalaffix派生詞綴derivative派生詞derivativeadverb派生副詞derivativenoun派生名詞determination決心determinativegenitive限定詞性屬格determinativegenitivepronoun限定詞性屬格代詞determiner限定詞directobject直接賓語directspeech直接引語discontinuousmodification分隔修飾disjunct評注性狀語ditransitiveverb雙賓語及物動詞doublegenitive雙重屬格doublenegative雙重否定doublepredicate雙重謂語doublerelativeclause雙重關(guān)系分句dynamicadjective動態(tài)形容詞dynamicverb動態(tài)動詞Eearliertime先時性-edparticipleed-分詞-edparticipleclause-ed分詞分句ellipsis省略embeddedrelativeclause嵌入式關(guān)系分句emphasizer強(qiáng)調(diào)詞emphaticuse強(qiáng)調(diào)性用法empty"it"虛義“it”endfocus句尾焦點(diǎn)endweight句尾重心exclamation/exclamatorysentence感嘆句existentialsentence存在句explanatoryadverb解說副詞Ffemininegender陰性finiteclause限定分句finiteform限定形式finiteverb限定動詞finiteverbphrase限定動詞詞組firstperson第一人稱focalelement中心成分four-wordpreposition四詞介詞fractionnumeral分?jǐn)?shù)詞freemorpheme自由詞素fronting前置fullsentence完全句functionword功能詞Ggender性generalquestion一般疑問句genitivecase屬格genitivenoun名詞屬格genitivepronoun屬格代詞genericreference類指gerund動名詞get-passiveget-型被動態(tài)gradable可等級的gradableadjective可等級形容詞gradablenoun可等級名詞grammaticalconcord語法一致grammaticalconnector語法紐帶grammaticalform語法形式Hhead/headword中心詞historicpresent歷史性現(xiàn)在時hypotheticalmeaning假設(shè)意義Iimperativemood祈使式impliedconditional含蓄條件句indefinitearticle不定冠詞indefinitedeterminer不定限定詞indefinitequantity非確定數(shù)量indefinitepronoun不定代詞indefinitespecificreference非確定特指independentclause獨(dú)立分句independentgenitive獨(dú)立屬格indicativemood陳述式indirectobject間接賓語indirectspeech間接引語individualnoun個體名詞infinitive不定式infinitiveclause不定式分句-ingparticiple-ing分詞-ingparticipleclause-ing分詞分句inflectionalaffix屈折詞綴irregularplural不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)irregularverb不規(guī)則動詞insistence堅持intention意圖interjection感嘆詞interrogativedeterminer疑問限定詞interrogativepronoun疑問代詞intransitiveverb不及物動詞inversion倒裝invertedorder倒裝詞序Kkeyword關(guān)鍵詞known/giveninformation已知信息Llatertime后時性lexicalconnector詞匯紐帶linkingverb連系動詞locativeadverbial地點(diǎn)狀語logicalconnector邏輯紐帶logicalsubject邏輯主語Mmainclause主句mainverb主動詞marginalsubordinator邊際從屬連詞masculinegender陽性materialnoun物質(zhì)名詞minorsentence不完全句modalauxiliary情態(tài)助動詞modalidiom情態(tài)成語modification修飾monotransitiveverb單賓語及物動詞mood式morpheme詞素morphemeword單詞素詞multiplicativenumeral倍數(shù)詞multi-sentence-grouptext多語段語篇Nnear-synonym近義詞necessity必然neutergender中性newinformation新信息nominalclause名詞性分句nominalgenitivepronoun名詞性屬格代詞nominalsubstitution名詞性替代nominativeabsoluteconstruction獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)nominativeabsoluteparticipleconstruction獨(dú)立主格分詞結(jié)構(gòu)non-factualmeaning非事實(shí)意義non-finiteform非限定形式non-assertiveword非肯定詞non-count/uncountablenoun不可數(shù)名詞non-finiteclause非限定分句non-finiteverb非限定動詞non-finiteverbphrase非限定動詞詞組non-gradableadjective非等級形容詞non-referring"it"非指代性“it”non-restrictivemodifier非限制性修飾語non-restrictiverelativeclause非限制性關(guān)系分句normal/naturalorder正常/自然詞序notionalconcord意義一致notionalsubject實(shí)義主語notionalverb實(shí)義動詞noun名詞nounofcommongender通性名詞nounphrase名詞詞組nucleus調(diào)核number數(shù)Oobject賓語objectcomplement賓語補(bǔ)語objectivecase賓格obligation義務(wù)one-wordadjective單詞形容詞one-wordsubordinator單詞從屬連詞openclass開放詞類operator操作詞ordinalnumeral序數(shù)詞Pparallelconstruction平行結(jié)構(gòu)paragraph段落partialnegation局部否定partitive/unitnoun單位詞passivesentence被動句passivevoice被動態(tài)pastparticiple過去分詞pastperfective過去完成體pastperfectiveprogressive過去完成進(jìn)行體pasttense過去時pasttenseform過去時形式perfectiveaspect完成體peripheraladjective外圍形容詞permission許可person人稱personalpronoun人稱代詞phrasalverb詞組動詞phrase詞組pluralnumber復(fù)數(shù)positive/absolutedegree原級possessivecase所有格possessivedeterminer物主限定詞possessivepronoun物主代詞possibility可能postdeterminer后位限定詞postmodifier后置修飾語postponement后置predeterminer前位限定詞predicate謂語predication述謂成分predictability推測prediction預(yù)見prefix前綴premodifier前置修飾語preposition介詞prepositionalphrase介詞詞組presentparticiple現(xiàn)在分詞presentperfective現(xiàn)在完成體presentperfectiveprogressive現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行體 presenttense現(xiàn)在時presenttenseform現(xiàn)在時形式primaryauxiliary基本助動詞principleofproximity就近原則pro-form替代形式progressiveaspect進(jìn)行體pronoun代詞propernoun專有名詞pro-verb代動詞pseudo-cleftsentence假分裂句Qquantifier量詞quasi-coordinator近似并列連詞question/interrogativesentence疑問句questiontag附加問句Rrealconditional真實(shí)條件句realsubject真主語reciprocalpronoun相互代詞reference照應(yīng)，所指referentialmeaning所指意義reflexiveform反身形式reflexivepronoun反身代詞regularplural規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)regularverb規(guī)則動詞reinforcementtag強(qiáng)調(diào)附加結(jié)構(gòu)relativeclause關(guān)系分句relativedeterminer關(guān)系限定詞relativepronoun關(guān)系代詞relativeword關(guān)系詞reportingverb引述動詞restrictiverelativeclause限制性關(guān)系分句restrictivemodifier限制性修飾語rhetoricalquestion修辭疑問句root詞根Ssametime同時性secondperson第二人稱semi-auxiliary半助動詞sentencegroup語段，句群simpleclause簡單分句simpleadverb簡單副詞simplenoun簡單名詞simplepast一般過去時simplepreposition一般介詞simplepresent一般現(xiàn)在時simplesentence簡單句simplesubordinator簡單從屬連詞simpleverbphrase簡單動詞詞組simpleword簡單詞single-sentence-grouptext單語段語篇single-wordverb單詞動詞singularnumber單數(shù)situationalreference語境特指specialquestion特殊疑問句specificreference特指squintingmodifier偏斜修飾語statement/declarativesentence陳述句stativeadjective靜態(tài)形容詞stativeverb靜態(tài)動詞strongvolition強(qiáng)意志subject主語subjectcomplement主語補(bǔ)語subjectivecase主格subject-verbconcord