語(yǔ)法專題十三動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載第十三講動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)真題自測(cè)【2013福建】24.Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhich________spendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.enjoysB.involvesC.practicesD.Suggests【2013福建】28.Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworks________indisasters.A.turndownB.turnoutC.breakdownD.breakout【2013湖北】23.Whileintelligentpeoplecanoften______thecomplex,afoolismorelikelytocomplicatethesimple.A.sacrificeB.substituteC.simplifyD.survive【2013湖北】24.Accordingtothelaw,allforeignershaveto______withthelocalpolicewithintwoweeksofarrival.A.associateB.disputeC.negotiateD.register【2013湖北】25.Butterflies______asweetliquidproducedbyflowers,whichbeesandotherinsectscollect.A.carryonB.feedonC.putonD.focuson【2013湖北】26.Inmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetime______forsleep—pureandsimple.A.setasideB.setdownC.setoffD.setup【2013江蘇】23.—Thetownissobeautiful!Ijustloveit.—Metoo.Thecharacterofthetowniswell.A.qualifiedB.preservedC.decoratedD.simplified【2013江蘇】29.Teamleadersmustensurethatallmemberstheirnaturaldesiretoavoidtheembarrassmentassociatedwithmakingmistakes.A.getoverB.lookoverC.takeoverD.comeover【2013江西】27. Motheralwayscomplainsthatchildren_______theirshoesveryquickly. A.findout B.washout C.wearout D.setout【2013江西】31. She_____thecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolor. A.connected B.fitted C.equipped D.matched.二．考點(diǎn)講義一、動(dòng)詞英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其意義和句法作用，可分為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞四大類。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又稱行為動(dòng)詞，為表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，可以單獨(dú)充當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞兩類。InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeanswaitingforanotherhour.Briantoldyouthattherewasn'tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn'the?Inordertomakeourcitygreen,wemustplantmoretrees.二、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)通常由動(dòng)詞加介詞、副詞、名詞等構(gòu)成，在句中起動(dòng)詞的作用。MrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadtosettingupsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.Inordertocatchupwiththeadvancedcountries,wemustkeeplearning.動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)的一部分時(shí)，其形式要隨主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化。高考對(duì)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組的考查主要在以下幾個(gè)方面。1．對(duì)不及物動(dòng)詞的考查不及物動(dòng)詞本身意思完整，不需要跟賓語(yǔ)，也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Youaresupposedtoarriveontime.WewenttoCanadatotravelandmycousinactedasourguide.2．對(duì)及物動(dòng)詞的考查及物動(dòng)詞本身意思不完整，后面需要接賓語(yǔ)。Inourchildhood,wewereoftenremindedbyparentstopayparentstostudyhard.—Juliasaidshesentyouabirthdaycardyesterday.Haveyougotit?—Oh,really!Ihaven'tcheckedmymailboxyet.3．對(duì)連系動(dòng)詞的考查連系動(dòng)詞雖有一定的詞義，但不完全，不能獨(dú)立充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，必須和作表語(yǔ)的詞(名詞、形容詞等)連用。Althoughhehastakenalotofmedicine,hishealthremainspoor.Cottonfeelssoftwhilestonefeelshard.4．動(dòng)詞＋副詞Thefamousscientistgrewupwherehewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.WhenyouturnontheTVset,clearpictureswillimmediatelyappearonthescreen.注意：在“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”的詞組中賓語(yǔ)位置有兩種情況：賓語(yǔ)如是名詞，則可置于副詞后面，亦可置于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。而如果賓語(yǔ)是代詞，只能置于動(dòng)詞后面，即動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。Youcantakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom.5．動(dòng)詞＋介詞動(dòng)詞與介詞構(gòu)成的詞組在詞義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，賓語(yǔ)置于介詞后面。Thatfashionwhichdiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.Ifyourunintoanyproblemswhenyouarriveattheairport,givemearing.6．動(dòng)詞＋副詞＋介詞這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)在詞義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，其賓語(yǔ)置于介詞之后。Wemustworkhardtomakeupforlosttime.Youarewalkingtoofast.Ican'tkeepupwithyou.7．動(dòng)詞＋名詞這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中的常見動(dòng)詞是have，take，give，make等，后面的名詞通常是從動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的動(dòng)作名詞，并表達(dá)了短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的真正意義。Hecaughtsightofanoldfriendwhenhewasshopping.Takeholdoftheropeandyouwillclimbup.8．動(dòng)詞＋名詞＋介詞這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)只用作及物動(dòng)詞。名詞前可加形容詞說(shuō)明程度，賓語(yǔ)總是位于介詞之后。KeepaneyeonthebabywhileIamout.Whattheteachersayshasgreateffectonthepupils.9．be＋形容詞(包括過(guò)去分詞作形容詞)＋介詞這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)也相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，賓語(yǔ)位于介詞后面，形容詞的詞義是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的真正詞義。ItoldhimwhatIwassurprisedatwashisattitudetowardshisstudy.Itisgoodforelderlypeopletobeinvolvedincommunityserviceactively.三．考點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化【2013遼寧】32.Briggswill_______asgeneralmanagerwhenMitchellretires.A.getawayB.takeoverC.setoffD.runout【2013陜西】25.Myunclehasn’tbeenabletoquitsmoking,butatleasthehas.A.cutoutB.cutdownC.cutupD.cutoff【2013天津】2.Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtoahand.A.lendB.shakeC.waveD.want【2013天津】8.IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasn’tabletoA.getawayB.dropinC.checkoutD.holdon【2013新課標(biāo)II卷】2.Wouldyouliketowithustothefilmtonight?A.comealong B.comeoff C.comeacross D.comethrough【2013新課標(biāo)II卷】8.Thewatchwasverygood,andhe20percentdownforit.A.paidB.costC.boughtD.spent【2013新課標(biāo)I卷】23.Trynottocoughmorethanyoucansinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.A.check B.allow C.stop D.help【2013新課標(biāo)I卷】30.Atthelastmoment,Tomdecidedtoanewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely. A.putup B.putin C.puton D.putoff【2013浙江】9.Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesureto______itwithimportantpoints.A.concludeB.leadC.avoidD.hold【2013浙江】12.Agoodlistenertakespartintheconversation,______ideasandraisingquestionstokeepthetalkflowing.A.realizingB.copyingC.offeringD.misunderstanding【2013浙江】17.Bears______fatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.A.packupB.buildupC.bringupD.takeup【2013安徽】26.Traditionally,collegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencouragethemselvesbeforethey______ontheirlifejourney.A.giveupB.settledownC.getthroughD.setoff四．句子翻譯

這篇新聞報(bào)道是完全根據(jù)實(shí)際情況寫的。(base…on)

父母去世后，他由他的姐姐撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大。(bring

up)

咱們應(yīng)該怎樣處理這些廢報(bào)紙？(do

with)

如果天氣允許的話，我們將在樹林里野餐。(permit)

當(dāng)我到達(dá)的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)門被關(guān)上了。(find+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ))

沒(méi)人能對(duì)他的曠課做出解釋。(account

for)

我決定還是求穩(wěn)不要冒險(xiǎn)。(take

a

chance；rather

than)五．完成句子11.Thefreshairinthecountryside_______________________________(已經(jīng)改善了)toherhealth.(difference)12.WheneverI’mintrouble,healways___________________________________(幫助我).

(hand)13._____________________________________(沉迷于玩電腦游戲),heisoftenlateforclass.

(addict)14.Shelikesspeakingillofme.Ihave__________________________(受夠了)her.(feed)15.TheEntranceExaminationtocollege______________________________(即將到來(lái)).Manystudentsaretryingtoprepareforit.(corner)16.Thethiefwascaughtand_________________________________(移交給警察).(hand)17.Healwayshelpsothersandis___________________________(與……相處得好)hiscolleagues.(term)18._______________________(據(jù)報(bào)道)over30peoplewerekilledinthebigfire.(report)19.Atpresent,you’dbetter__________________(不考慮)theseunpleasantmatters.(leave)20.Ittookmealongtime__________________________(理解)whatyouweresaying.(take)六．單詞拼寫Themilkmanleavesusabigb__________(瓶)ofmilk.Theyp____________(答應(yīng))thattheroofshouldberepairedwithintwodays.Anybodycanseethei____________(重要性)ofgoodhealth.Youcan’tp____________(可能地)runamileintwominutes.Thegoldringiskeptinas____________(秘密的)hidingplace,knownonlytoherhusband.Therewasonlyalargeappleh______________(收成)thisyear.Youcangetadoctorheretoo______________(做手術(shù))onher.Haveyoubeentakingmuchm______________(藥).Therearemanywordsthathavemorethanonep________________(發(fā)音).Thejobdemandssomeonewithacollegee________________(教育).七．詞匯回顧重點(diǎn)單詞1. betn.賭；打賭2. scenen.（戲劇）一場(chǎng)；現(xiàn)場(chǎng)3. permitvt.&vi.許可；允許n.通行證；執(zhí)照4. starevi.凝視；盯著看5. accountn.說(shuō)明；理由；計(jì)算，賬目6. appearancen.出現(xiàn)；外貌7. patiencen.耐性；忍耐8. sillyadj.愚蠢的；無(wú)聊的9. jealousadj.妒忌的；猜疑的10. unbelievableadj.難以置信的11. rude12. manner13. scream14. indeed15. decade16. humor17. character18. director重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)19. makeabet打賭20. goahead前進(jìn)；往下說(shuō)21. byaccident偶然；不小心22. accountfor說(shuō)明；導(dǎo)致；做出解釋23. tobehonest說(shuō)實(shí)話24. shouldertoshoulder肩并肩25. inrags衣衫襤褸26. evenif27. permit/allowsb.todosth.28. careabout29. getintotrouble30. asamatterofface31. asfor…32. giveattentionto33. honorsb.forsth.八．閱讀JamesClevelandOwenswasthesonofafarmerandthegrandsonofblackslaves.HisfamilymovedtoClevelandwhenhewas9.There,aschoolteacheraskedtheyouthhisname."J.C.,"hereplied.Shethoughthehadsaid"Jesse",andhehadanewname.Owensranhisfirstraceatage13.Afterhighschool,hewenttoOhioStateUniversity.Hehadtoworkparttimesoastopayforhiseducation.AweekbeforetheBigTenmeet,Owensaccidentallyfelldownaflightofstairs.Hisbackhurtsomuchthathecouldnotexerciseallweek,andhehadtobehelpedinandoutofthecarthatdrovehimtothemeet.Herefusedtolistentothesuggestionsthathegiveupandsaidhewouldtry,eventbyevent.Hedidtry,andtheresultsareintherecordbook.ThestagewassetforOwensvictoryattheOlympicGamesinBerlinthenextyear,andhissuccesswouldcometoberegardedasnotonlyathleticbutalsopolitical.HitlerdidnotcongratulateanyoftheAfricanAmericanwinners."Itwasallrightwithme,"hesaidyearslater."IdidntgotoBerlintoshakehandswithhim,anyway."HavingreturnedfromBerlin,hereceivednotelephonecallsfromthepresidentofhisowncountry,either.Infact,hewasnothonoredbytheUnitedStatesuntil1976,fouryearsbeforehisdeath.OwensOlympicvictoriesmadelittledifferencetohim.Heearnedhislivingbylookingafteraschoolplayground,andacceptedmoneytoraceagainstcars,trucks,motorcyclesanddogs."Sure,itbotheredme,"hesaidlater."Butatleastitwasanhonestliving.Ihadtoeat."Inti