02 航空航天-2025年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀

2025年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀-航空航天來(lái)源題型主要內(nèi)容12024·湖北·中考真題閱讀理解介紹了嫦娥一號(hào)、“玉兔號(hào)”月球車、“墨子號(hào)”空間量子科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)衛(wèi)星等與中國(guó)古代傳統(tǒng)文化之間的淵源，表明了我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化對(duì)我國(guó)太空技術(shù)的深遠(yuǎn)影響。22024·江蘇揚(yáng)州·中考真題閱讀理解介紹了即將將宇航員送上月球的宇宙飛船“夢(mèng)舟”和“攬?jiān)隆钡囊恍┬畔ⅰ?2024·四川自貢·中考真題閱讀理解介紹了宇航員面臨的問(wèn)題和所接受的訓(xùn)練。42024·山東煙臺(tái)·中考真題閱讀理解介紹了長(zhǎng)征5號(hào)的情況，由此引出對(duì)于月球情況的介紹，突出了從月球上帶回樣本對(duì)于航空事業(yè)有重大幫助。52024·江西吉安·三模閱讀理解介紹了一種新型的太空旅行方式——太空氣球。62024·四川達(dá)州·中考真題短文填空介紹了神舟十八號(hào)的航天員以及航天任務(wù)、行程等。72024·遼寧錦州·二模短文填空介紹了中國(guó)航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展歷史和取得的成果。82024·浙江金華·三模短文填空介紹了中國(guó)載人航天工程代表團(tuán)對(duì)香港和澳門進(jìn)行了為期六天的訪問(wèn)。92024·福建廈門·二模閱讀理解介紹了太空項(xiàng)目命名的由來(lái)。102024·甘肅武威·三模閱讀理解介紹了神舟十八號(hào)在酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心成功發(fā)射、參與此處任務(wù)的宇航員，以及神舟十八號(hào)在太空要完成的任務(wù)。01（2024·湖北·中考真題）Sofar,Chinahassuccessfullysentalargenumberofsatellites(衛(wèi)星)andspaceshipsintospace.Spacescientistshavebeengreatlyinspired(賦予靈感)bytheoldstoriesandancientfamouspeoplewhengivingthemnames.Sincethousandsofyearsago,Chinesepeoplehavedreamedofgoingtothemoon.Chang’eFliestotheMoonisoneofthemostpopularstories.Asyoucansee,China’sfirstman-madesatellitetocirclearoundthemoonwasnamedChang’eI.Moreinterestingly,themoonrover(巡視器)wasnamedaftertheJadeRabbit,whoisthepartnerofChang’einthestory.Theseoldstoriescarrypeople’sbestwishesanddreams.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,ourscientistshavemadethemcometrue.KuaFuRunsAftertheSunisanotherstorytoshowhowmuchancientChinesepeoplewantedtoknowabouttheunknownworld.Now,KuaFuisgoingwiththescientiststo“visit”thesun,becausewehaveaspaceprojectcalledKuaFuMission.Besidestheancientstories,spacescientistsalsogetideasfromancientfamouspeople.Forexample,Mozi,anancientscientist,discoveredthatlighttravelsinastraightlineover2,000yearsago.Hisdiscoverymadespacestudytakeabigstepatthattime.So,China’sfirstquantum(量子)sciencesatellitewasnamedMozi,makingChinathefirstcountryintheworldtoachievequantumcommunicationbetweensatellitesandtheground.Fromsuchsimplethingsasgivingnamestothesatellites,wecanseehowgreatourtraditionalcultureisandwhatinfluenceithasonourmodernscienceandtechnology.1．InChina,spacescientistsgetideasfrom________whennamingsatellites.①oldstories

②traditionalprojects③ancientfamouspeople

④popularinventionsA．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④2．WhatdoweknowaboutChang’eIaccordingtothepassage?A．Itmovesaroundthemoon. B．ItprotectstheJadeRabbit.C．It“visits”thesunwiththescientists. D．Itistheworld’sfirstman-madesatellite.3．HowdoesthewritersupporthisopinioninParagraph4?A．Bylistingnumbers. B．Bycomparingfacts.C．Bygivinganexample. D．Byreportingaresult.4．Whichistherightstructureofthepassage?(①=Paragraph1

②=Paragraph2,…)A． B．C． D．5．What’sthewriter’smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A．TospreadthetraditionalChineseculture.B．Toexplainhowourscientistsdevelopthespaceindustry.C．Tointroducetheachievementsinourscienceandtechnology.D．TotellhowtraditionalChinesecultureinfluencesourspacescience.02（2024·江蘇揚(yáng)州·中考真題）Chinahasnamedthespacecraftthatwillputitsastronautsonthemoon.ThenewmannedspacecraftisMengzhouandthelunarlanderisLanyue.Chinaplanstolanditsastronautsonthemoonaround2030.CheckthetabletolearnthedetailsonChina’sexcitingjourneytothemoon.MENGZHOUANDLANYUETakeChinesePeople’sDreamToTheMoonCloserMengzhou—ThemannedspacecraftMeaningofthename:DreamboatThenamecarriestheChinesepeople’sspaceexplorationdreamstothemoon.Maintasks:?CarryoutChina’smannedlunarexploration?Operatenear-EarthspacestationPayload:Forlunartasks,itcancarry3astronautsroundtripbetweenthegroundandlunarorbit(軌道).Fornear-Earthorbittasks,itcancarry7astronautsroundtripbetweenthegroundandspacestation.Lanyue—ThelunarlanderMeaningofthename:ClaspingthemoonThenamesymbolizesthebraveryandconfidenceoftheChinesepeopleinexploringtheuniverseandlandingonthemoon.Maintasks:?Transportbetweenlunarorbitandlunarsurface?Serveasthecenterforastronautactivities,energysupply,anddatatransmissiononthemoon?SupportlunarexplorationandactivitiesPayload:Itcancarry2astronautsroundtrip,lunarrover,andscientificpayloads.ExplorationSteps1.TwoLongMarch-10rocketsarelaunched(發(fā)射).OnecarriesMengzhouandtheothercarriesLanyue.2.Thetwospacecraftmeetandjoininlunarorbitandtheastronautsenterthelander.3.TheLanyuelandersendstheastronautstothelunarsurface.4.Theastronautscarryoutscientificexplorationandsample(樣本)collectiononthelunarsurfaceasplanned.5.Aftercompletingthejobonthemoon,theLanyuelandertakestheastronautstogouptolunarorbit.6.Thetwospacecraftmeetandjoinagain,andtheastronautstakethelunarsamplestotheMengzhouspacecraft.7.TheMengzhouspacecraftreturnstoEarthwiththemoonsamples.6．WhichofthefollowingisLanyue’stask?A．Operatenear-Earthspacestation.B．SupportEarthexplorationandactivities.C．Transportbetweenthegroundandspacestation.D．Workasthecenterforenergysupplyonthemoon.7．Whatcanwelearnfromtheexplorationsteps?A．ThesamerocketsendsMengzhouandLanyueintospace.B．AstronautsreachandleavethemoonintheLanyuelander.C．MengzhouandLanyuejointogetheratthespacestation.D．TheLanyuelanderreturnstoEarthwiththesamplesonthemoon.8．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．ToencouragetheyouthtomakeinventionsforChina’smoonprogram.B．TotellthereaderaboutthehistoryofChina’slunarexplorationjourney.C．Tooffersuggestionsonhowtotakeupchallengesinthelunarexplorationtask.D．TogiveinformationonthenewspacecraftforChina’smannedlunarexplorationtask.03（2024·四川自貢·中考真題）April24thisSpaceDayofChina.EversinceYangLiweimadeittospacein2003,about20Chineseastronautshavebeensentintospace.Inspace,astronautsfacemanyproblems.Thereislittlegravity(重力)there,whichinfluencestheirbodies.Also,beingawayfromfamilyandfriendsandstayinginatinyspaceshipforalongtimecanmakethemfeelsadorstressedout.What’smore,ifsomethinggoeswrongsuddenly,theyhavetofixitunderhugepressure.That’swhyastronautshavetobesmart,strong,andreadyforanychallengebeforetheycangotospace.TomakesurethatChineseastronautscompletetheirtasksandreturntoEarthsafely,8kinds,includingover200subjectsoftraining,areset.Besidesphysicaltraining,basicscienceknowledgeandmock(模擬)tasksareincluded.Beforeastronautscangotospace,theytrainlikethisforatleastthreeandahalfyears.InChina’smannedspaceproject,oneofthemostdifficultpartsofthetrainingistheunderwatertraining.Thishelpsastronautsgetreadyfortheweightlessenvironmentinspace.Andtheyweardivingsuits(潛水服)over100kilosandstayunderwaterforsixhourseverytime.9．Whatproblemdoastronautsfaceaccordingtoparagraph2?A．Theyhavetotrainunderhugepressure.B．Theyareinfluencedbylittlegravityinspace.C．Theyoftenworryabouttheirfamilyandfriends.10．Whatdoastronautsneedtodobeforegoingtospace?A．Masterbasicscienceknowledge.B．Experience8subjectsoftraining.C．Getthreeyearsofunderwatertraining.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inparagraph4referto(指代)?A．Adivingsuit. B．Underwatertraining. C．China’smannedspaceproject.12．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A．WorkHardtoLiveinSpace B．TrainHardtoWorkinSpace C．DealwithProblemsinSpace04（2024·山東煙臺(tái)·中考真題）ALongMarch5rockettookofffromtheWenchangSpaceLaunchSiteinHainanprovinceonMay3,2024.Afterflyingforabout37minutes,itsuccessfullyplacedtheChang’e6roboticlunarprobe(月球探測(cè)器)intoanEarth-moontransfertrajectory(轉(zhuǎn)移軌道).Severaldayslatertheprobewasprogrammedtolandonthemoon’sfarsideandstarteditstasks,whichwouldlastabout53days.Thisistheworld’sfirsttrytobringsamples(樣本)fromthemoon’sfarside.ForChina,it’sthesecondsample-returnmoonjourney.Chang’e5successfullybroughtsamplesfromthemooninthewinterof2020.Uptonow,10moonsample-returntaskshavebeencarriedoutbytheUnitedStates,theformerSovietUnion(前蘇聯(lián))andChina,butallthesesampleswerecollectedfromthemoon’snearside.Themoon’sfarsidehasalwaysbeenasubjectofscientificwonderbecauseofitsmanymysteries.It’sfacingawayfromEarthanditcanneverbeseenfromEarth.Itwasoncecalledthe“darksideofthemoon”eventhoughitreceivesjustasmuchsunlightasthenearside.Chineseresearchershavefoundthatthesoilonthefarsideismuchthickerthanthatonthenearside,buttheyhaven’tfoundoutthereason.SamplesbroughtbackbyChang’e5havehelpedscientistsfindthattherewerevolcanic(火山的)activitiesonthenearsidearound2billionyearsago.Somescientiststhoughtmaybevolcanoesbecameinactiveonthefarsideabout4billionyearsago.Isittrue?Samplesfromthefarsidewillallowthemtoknowtheanswer.“Comparingthemake-upofthefarsidesamplesfromChang’e6withthosecollectedfromthenearsidewillbeofgreatscientificvaluetotheinternationalcommunity,”saidMartinSweeting,afamousprofessorofspaceengineering.13．WhendidChang’e6begintoworkonthemoon?A．OnMay3,2024. B．Afterflyingforabout37minutes.C．Inthewinterof2020. D．Afterlandingonthemoon’sfarside.14．HowmanytimeshasChinagotsamplesfromthemoon’snearside?A．Once. B．Twice. C．Fivetimes. D．Tentimes.15．Accordingtothepassage,themoon’sfarside________.A．receiveslesssunlightthanthenearsideB．hasthickersoilcomparedwiththenearsideC．canbeseenfromEarthwithpowerfulcamerasD．hasmorerecentvolcanicactivitiesthanthenearside16．WhatcanwelearnfromMartinSweeting’swords?A．Chang’e6willstaylongeronthemoonformoretasks.B．Chang’e6iscarryingoutavaluabletaskfortheworld.C．Chang’e6willbringsamplesfrombothsidesofthemoon.D．Chang’e6cancomparesamplesbeforebringingthemback.05（2024·江西吉安·三模）You’veheardofspacerockets,buthaveyouheardofaspaceballoon?AcompanycalledSpacePerspectiveisplanningtouseitsnewballooncalledSpaceNeptunetotakepeopletotheedge(邊緣)ofspace.Itisexpectedtotakecommonpeopleonanout-of-the-worldvacationin2024.TakingofffromKennedySpaceCenter,thetripwilltakesixhours—twohourstravellingup,twohoursenjoyingtheviewandtwohourstravellingback.Belowthehydrogen(氫氣)-filledballoon,aspaceshipislargeenoughforeighttravelerstostandandwalkfreelywithin.Insidetheshiparecomfortableseats,freeWi-Fiandevenabar.Duringthesix-hourtrip,theguestswillbeabletosendphotosorvideostopeopleonthegroundwhileenjoyingfoodanddrinks.Althoughtheballoonwon’treallyflyintospace,thiswon’tbeaproblemfortheguests.At20milesaboveearth,theywillexperience360°viewsoftheplanetearthandstars,feelingliketheyareinspace,ticketsareexpensive,though-seatsonboardsoldfor$125,000each.Unlikerockets,SpaceNeptunedoesn’tgiveoutcarbondioxide(二氧化碳),whichalwaysresultsinhottertemperaturesontheearth.Thespaceshipwillalsogetitshydrogenfromcleanandrenewable(可再生的)energy.Thisiswhyspacetravelwithhydrogenballoonsisthoughttobethemostenvironmentallyfriendlysofar.Thegreatnewsisthatnospecialtrainingisneededforthisride,butthebadnewsis,you’llprobablyhavetowaituntil2025becausethefirstyear’sticketsaresoldoutalready.So,startsavingup!17．Howdoesthewriterstartthepassage?A．Byaskingaquestion. B．Bytellingastory.C．Bygivinganexample. D．Bylistingnumbers.18．Whichpicturebestshowstheballoonspacetravel?A． B．C． D．19．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtohepassage?A．Thespaceshipis100meterswide. B．Thespaceshipgoesintospacebyrocket.C．Thespaceshipcarriesatmost8passengers. D．Hespaceshipwillbetoohotforpassengers.20．WhatisSpaceNeptunelike?A．Itiseducational. B．Itistraditional. C．Itisdirty. D．Itisenvironmental.21．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheSpaceBalloonfromtheSpaceRocket. B．CallonMoreTrainedAstronautstoSpace.C．HowtoMakeaSpaceBalloon. D．ANewWaytoTraveltoSpace.06（2024·四川達(dá)州·中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在文章空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheShenzhou-18mannedspaceshiphasbeensuccessfullylaunched(發(fā)射)fromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter.ItmarksChina’s32ndmannedflightintospace.At8:59p.m.onApril25,2024,it22(send)threeastronautsandnearly100experimentalboxes(實(shí)驗(yàn)柜)totheTiangongspacestation.Thethreeastronauts23(be)YeGuangfu,LiCongandLiGuangsu.Theywereallborninthe1980s.Yewasoneofthe24(member)oftheShenzhou-l3mission(任務(wù))fromOctober202125April2022.Thistime,heworksasthe26(lead)ofthethreeastronauts.BothLiCong27LiGuangsuarenewcomerstospace.During28(they)timeinspace,theywillcareforthespacestationtomakesureitcanwork29(safe).Theywilldoover90experiments.Afish30(call)“the4thmemberofShenzhou-18”willbeusedforanexperimentalproject.TheShenzhou-18astronautsareplannedtoreturnto31earthinlateOctoberthisyear.Sotheywillspendaboutsixmonthsonthespacestation.07（2024·遼寧錦州·二模）閱讀短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號(hào)里所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文通順、連貫.ChinacelebratesitsSpaceDayonApril24eachyear.Itisthe32(nine)thisyear.China33(make)aseriesof(一系列的)remarkable(顯著的)achievementsinspaceexploration(探索)since1960.OnApril24,1970,ChinajoinedthespaceclubwhenChinalaunched(發(fā)射)the34(country)firstsatellite(衛(wèi)星),Dongfanghong—1.OnOctober15,2003,ChinasentastronautYangLiweion3521-hourjourneyaroundEarthinShenzhouV.OnOctober24,2007,Chang’e-1waslaunched36(successful).37September,2008,ShenzhouVIIspacecraft(宇宙飛船)waslaunchedwiththreeastronauts.Oneof38(they)wentonChina’shistoricfirstspacewalk.OnNovember24,2020,Chang’e-5waslaunched.Itbroughtrocks39soilonthemoonbacktotheEarthonDecember17.OnOctober31,2022,China’sMengtianspacelabmodule(艙)40(connect)totheTianhecoremodule(核心艙),markingthecompletionofthenation’sspacestation.OnOctober26,2023,ShenzhouXVIIspacecraftwaslaunched.Withanaverage(平均的)ageof38,thethree-memberteambecame41(young)Chinesecrew(專業(yè)人員)everinspace.Itisthe30thmission(任務(wù))ofChina’smanned(載人的)spaceprogram.08（2024·浙江金華·三模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文或首字母提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。FromNovember28thtoDecember3rd,2023,adelegationofChina’smannedspaceprogrampaidasix-dayvisittoHongKongandMacao.Duringtheirstay,t42visitedseveralprimaryandsecondaryschoolsandtwouniversitiesinHongKong,andgaveabigspeechinMacao.The43(中國(guó)的)astronautsencouragedlocalyoungpeopletorealizethedreamofspaceexploration.Also,thedelegation44(出席)theopeningceremonyofthe“ChinaMannedSpaceExhibition”.TheexhibitionwasopentoallpeopleinHongKongandMacaoforf45untilFebruary18th,2024.ShumTze-manisaHongKongmiddleschoolstudent.Shewas46(深地)attractedbytheperformancesofastronauts.“Ourcountry’sspaceindustryhasbecomeworldleading.I’msop47ofournationandthismakesmecrazieraboutspaceexploration,”Shumsaid.“Thereportsofspaceexperts48(包括)alotofprofessionalknowledgeofphysicsandastronomy.A49someofthemweredifficulttounderstand,theymademeeagertoexplorespace,”AstudentfromLingnanMiddleSchoolinMacaosaid.Thedelegation’svisitshowsthatourcountryputsahighvalueonthe50(科學(xué))andtechnologyeducationofyoungstudentsinHongKongandMacao.Thespacestationisl51homefortheastronautsinspace.ItishopedthatastronautsfromHongKongandMacaowillsoonappearatthespacestationtomakeourhomeinspacelivelierandhappier.09（2024·福建廈門·二模）Wukong,Tiangong,Tianwen...DoyouknowwherethenamesofChinesespaceprogramscomefrom?Wukong,theDarkMatterParticleExplorersatellite(暗物質(zhì)粒子探測(cè)衛(wèi)星),isnamedafteraChinesesuperherotheMonkeyKing.AccordingtoJourneytotheWest,theMonkeyKinghasapairofsharp(銳利的)eyeswhichcantellthedifferencebetweengoodandevil.TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharp-eyedastheMonkeyKingtohelpscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.Thenameofthespacestation,Tiangong,means“HeavenlyPalace”.InChinesemyths(神話),thisisthehomeofTianDi.NowTiangongSpaceStationisahomeforChineseastronautsinspace.AndChinawelcomesforeignastronautstoTiangongandthentheycanworktogetherinthefuture.Tianwen,China’sMarsmission(火星任務(wù)),getsitsnamefromthepoemTianwenbyQuYuan.QuYuanisawell-knownpoetfromancientChina.InTianwen,hehadthequestionsaboutthesky,stars,nature,mythsandtherealworld,showinghishungerfortruth.PerhapstheTianwenmissionwillendupansweringsomeofQuYuan’squestions.IfyoulookintomorenamesofChinesespaceprograms,youwillfindthattheyallhavebeautifulmeanings.We,theChinesepeople,havealong-cherished(珍藏已久的)spacedream.SothenamingofChinesespaceprogramsistakenveryseriously.52．Theunderlinedword“evil”means“________”.A．honesty B．badness C．kindness D．ugliness53．WhatdothesatelliteWukongandtheMonkeyKinghaveincommon?A．They’rebothsharp-eyed. B．They’rebothsuperheroes.C．Theybothhelpwithscientificstudies. D．Theybothhelpthegoodandpunishthebad.54．WhatisTiangongusedfor?A．It’susedforsearchingdarkmatter.B．It’susedtoexplore(探索)theMars.C．It’susedtosendastronautstothespace.D．It’susedasahomefortheastronautsinspace.55．WhereisthenameofChina’sMarsmissionsfrom?A．JourneytotheWest. B．ThehomeofTianDi.C．QuYuan’spoemTianwen. D．AncientChinesemyths.56．WetakethenamingofChinesespaceprogramsseriouslybecause________.A．wehaveadreamforspace B．wehavethehungerfortruthC．wearefondofbeautifulnames D．wewanttoprotecttheenvironment10（2024·甘肅武威·三模）ChinasentthreeastronautstotheTiangongspacestationontheShenzhou-18mission(任務(wù)).Thespaceshipwaslaunched(發(fā)射)attheJiuqunnSatelliteLaunchCentreintheGobidesertinnorthwestChinaat8:59p.m.onThursday,April25,2024.Theywereexpectedtoreachthespacestationaboutsixandahalfhoursafterliftoff(升空).ThemissionisledbyYeGuangfu,afighterpilotandastronautwhowaspartoftheShenzhou-13crow(全體工作人員)in2021.HeisjoinedbyastronautsLiCongandLiGuangsu,whoareheadingintospaceforthefirsttime.Theywillspendaboutsixmonthsleadingscientifictestsandputtingspacewasteprotectionequipmentinplaceonthespacestation.Thecountryisplanningamissiontobringbacksamples(樣品)fromMarsaround2030.Italsowantstoputastronautsonthemoonby2030.“It’ssuchapleasuretoseethattheyoungastronautscannowcarryoutmannedspacemissionsandtakeontheheavyresponsibilities.I’msuretheShenzhou-18crewwilldowell,althoughthemissionhasbecomemoredifficult,”YangLiweisaidatthelaunchcenteronWednesdayafternoon.閱讀以上材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容回答其后各個(gè)小題。57．China’sShenzhou-18spaceshipwaslaunchedat________.A．theTiangongspacestation B．theInternationalSpaceStationC．theGobidesertinnortheastChina D．theJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCentre58．WholeadthemissionontheShenzhou-18?A．LiCong. B．YeGuangfu. C．LiGuangsu. D．YangLiwei.59．HowlongwilltheastronautsstayattheTiangongspacestation?A．Forsevenmonths. B．Forabouthalfayear.C．Foroneyear. D．Foroneandahalfyears.60．Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A．YangLiweihasstronglybelievedtheyoungastronauts.B．YangLiweiadvisedtheyoungastronautstoworkharder.C．YangLiweisharedhisexperiencewiththeyoungastronauts.D．YangLiweiwasworriedabouttheyoungastronauts.61．What’sthethemeofthepassage?A．Courageandfriendship. B．Sportsandhealth.C．Scienceandtechnology. D．Cultureandeducation.參考答案：1．B2．A3．C4．A5．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了嫦娥一號(hào)、“玉兔號(hào)”月球車、“墨子號(hào)”空間量子科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)衛(wèi)星等與中國(guó)古代傳統(tǒng)文化之間的淵源，表明了我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化對(duì)我國(guó)太空技術(shù)的深遠(yuǎn)影響。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Spacescientistshavebeengreatlyinspired(賦予靈感)bytheoldstoriesandancientfamouspeoplewhengivingthemnames.”可知，太空科學(xué)家給衛(wèi)星命名時(shí)受到古老的故事以及古代著名人物的啟發(fā)。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asyoucansee,China’sfirstman-madesatellitetocirclearoundthemoonwasnamedChang’eI.”可知，嫦娥一號(hào)繞月運(yùn)行。故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Besidestheancientstories,spacescientistsalsogetideasfromancientfamouspeople.Forexample…”可知，文章第四段介紹科學(xué)家給衛(wèi)星命名時(shí)還受到古代名人的啟發(fā)，下文列舉了“墨子號(hào)”的例子。故作者通過(guò)舉例子的方式支持自己的觀點(diǎn)。故選C。4．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀文章可知，第一段介紹文章主題，太空技術(shù)與古代傳統(tǒng)文化有關(guān)系；第二、三、四段分別從中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)故事以及古代著名人物方面介紹；最后一段總結(jié)全文，升華主題。故文章的結(jié)構(gòu)是總（①）——分（②③④）——總（⑤）。故選A。5．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Fromsuchsimplethingsasgivingnamestothesatellites,wecanseehowgreatourtraditionalcultureisandwhatinfluenceithasonourmodernscienceandtechnology.”及全文可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹中國(guó)的空間技術(shù)與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化之間的淵源，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化影響著我國(guó)的空間技術(shù)。故選D。6．D7．B8．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了即將將宇航員送上月球的宇宙飛船“夢(mèng)舟”和“攬?jiān)隆钡囊恍┬畔ⅰ?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Maintasks:...Serveasthecenterforastronautactivities,energysupply,anddatatransmissiononthemoon”可知，作為月球上的能源供應(yīng)中心是“攬?jiān)隆钡娜蝿?wù)。故選D。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheLanyuelandersendstheastronautstothelunarsurface.”及“Aftercompletingthejobonthemoon,theLanyuelandertakestheastronautstogouptolunarorbit.”可知，宇航員乘坐“攬?jiān)隆敝懫鞯竭_(dá)和離開(kāi)月球。故選B。8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Chinahasnamedthespacecraftthatwillputitsastronautsonthemoon.ThenewmannedspacecraftisMengzhouandthelunarlanderisLanyue...CheckthetabletolearnthedetailsonChina’sexcitingjourneytothemoon.”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了即將將宇航員送上月球的宇宙飛船“夢(mèng)舟”和“攬?jiān)隆钡囊恍┬畔?。因此其目的是為了提供一些關(guān)于中國(guó)載人探月任務(wù)的新宇宙飛船的信息。故選D。9．B10．B11．B12．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了宇航員面臨的問(wèn)題和所接受的訓(xùn)練。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thereislittlegravity(重力)there,whichinfluencestheirbodies.”可知，那里幾乎沒(méi)有重力，會(huì)影響他們的身體，故選B。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TomakesurethatChineseastronautscompletetheirtasksandreturntoEarthsafely,8kinds,includingover200subjectsoftraining,areset.”可知，為了確保中國(guó)航天員完成任務(wù)并安全返回地球，制定了8個(gè)項(xiàng)目，包括200多個(gè)項(xiàng)目的訓(xùn)練。所以宇航員在進(jìn)入太空之前需要經(jīng)歷8個(gè)項(xiàng)目的培訓(xùn)。故選B。11．代詞指代題。根據(jù)“InChina’smannedspaceproject,oneofthemostdifficultpartsofthetrainingistheunderwatertraining.Thishelpsastronautsgetreadyfortheweightlessenvironmentinspace.”可知，在中國(guó)載人航天工程中，水下訓(xùn)練是訓(xùn)練中最困難的部分之一。這有助于宇航員為太空中的失重環(huán)境做好準(zhǔn)備。此處This指的是“水下訓(xùn)練”，故選B。12．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文介紹了宇航員面臨的問(wèn)題和所接受的訓(xùn)練，選項(xiàng)B“努力訓(xùn)練在太空工作”符合主題，故選B。13．D14．A15．B16．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了長(zhǎng)征5號(hào)的情況，由此引出對(duì)于月球情況的介紹，突出了從月球上帶回樣本對(duì)于航空事業(yè)有重大幫助。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Severaldayslatertheprobewasprogrammedtolandonthemoon’sfarsideandstarteditstasks,whichwouldlastabout53days.”可知，探測(cè)器被設(shè)定在月球背面著陸后，開(kāi)始了它的任務(wù)，故選D。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thisistheworld’sfirsttrytobringsamples(樣本)fromthemoon’sfarside.ForChina,it’sthesecondsample-returnmoonjourney…butallthesesampleswerecollectedfromthemoon’snearside.”可知，這是世界上第一次嘗試從月球背面采集樣本。對(duì)中國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)，這是第二次取樣返回月球之旅，之前所有這些樣本都是從月球近側(cè)收集的，也就是說(shuō)中國(guó)已經(jīng)有過(guò)一次從月球近側(cè)采集樣本，故選A。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chineseresearchershavefoundthatthesoilonthefarsideismuchthickerthanthatonthenearside”可知，月球背面的土壤比近側(cè)厚得多，故選B。16．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Comparingthemake-upofthefarsidesamplesfromChang’e6withthosecollectedfromthenearsidewillbeofgreatscientificvaluetotheinternationalcommunity”可知，嫦娥6號(hào)收集的遠(yuǎn)端樣本和近端樣本對(duì)國(guó)際社會(huì)來(lái)說(shuō)將具有重大的科學(xué)價(jià)值，也就是說(shuō)嫦娥六號(hào)正在為世界執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)有價(jià)值的任務(wù)，故選B。17．A18．A19．C20．D21．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種新型的太空旅行方式——太空氣球。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“You’veheardofspacerockets,buthaveyouheardofaspaceballoon?”可知，文章開(kāi)頭作者設(shè)問(wèn)“你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)太空氣球嗎”。故選A。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TakingofffromKennedySpaceCenter,thetripwilltakesixhours—twohourstravellingup,twohoursenjoyingtheviewandtwohourstravellingback.”可知，從肯尼迪航天中心起飛，這次旅行將耗時(shí)六個(gè)小時(shí)——上行兩個(gè)小時(shí)，欣賞美景兩個(gè)小時(shí)和回程兩個(gè)小時(shí)。故選A。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Belowthehydrogen(氫氣)-filledballoon,aspaceshipislargeenoughforeighttravelerstostandandwalkfreelywithin.”可知，在充滿氫氣的氣球下面，一艘宇宙飛船足夠大，可以讓八名旅行者在里面自由站立和行走。即這艘宇宙飛船最多可載8名乘客。故選C。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thisiswhyspacetravelwithhydrogenballoonsisthoughttobethemostenvironmentallyfriendlysofar.”可知，氫氣球太空旅行被認(rèn)為是迄今為止最環(huán)保的。故選D。21．最佳標(biāo)題題。通過(guò)全文可知，文章主要介紹了一種新型的太空旅行方式——太空氣球，故“一種新的太空旅行方式”可以作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。22．sent23．a(chǎn)re24．members25．to26．leader27．a(chǎn)nd28．their29．safely30．called31．the【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了神舟十八號(hào)的航天員以及航天任務(wù)、行程等。22．句意：2024年4月25日晚8點(diǎn)59分，中國(guó)航天局將3名航天員和近100個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)柜送往天宮空間站。send“發(fā)送”，動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“At8:59p.m.onApril25,2024”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用其過(guò)去式。故填sent。23．句意：這三名宇航員分別是葉光富、李聰和李廣蘇。本句陳述事實(shí)，是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are。故填are。24．句意：葉是2021年10月至2022年4月神舟三號(hào)任務(wù)的成員之一。member“成員”，可數(shù)名詞。oneofthe+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“……之一”。故填members。25．句意：葉是2021年10月至2022年4月神舟三號(hào)任務(wù)的成員之一。from…to…“從……到……”，固定搭配。故填to。26．句意：這一次，他是三名宇航員中的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。lead“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”，動(dòng)詞。此處指葉光富是三人中的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。leader“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”，可數(shù)名詞，用其單數(shù)形式。故填leader。27．句意：李聰和李廣蘇都是太空新人。both…and“兩者都……”，固定搭配。故填and。28．句意：在太空期間，他們將照顧空間站，確保它能安全工作。they“他們”，人稱代詞。此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞their，作定語(yǔ)修飾time。故填their。29．句意：在太空期間，他們將照顧空間站，確保它能安全工作。safe“安全的”，形容詞。此處用其副詞形式safely，修飾動(dòng)詞work。故填safely。30．句意：一種名為“神舟十八號(hào)”的魚(yú)將被用于一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目。call“稱為”，動(dòng)詞。此處用其過(guò)去分詞形式called，作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞fish。故填called。31．句意：神舟十八號(hào)航天員計(jì)劃于今年十月下旬返回地球。此處缺少冠詞，earth“地球”是世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的物體，其前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。故填the。32．ninth33．hasmade34．country’s35．a(chǎn)36．successfully37．In38．them39．a(chǎn)nd40．wasconnected41．theyoungest【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了中國(guó)航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展歷史和取得的成果。32．句意：今年是第九屆?？涨坝小皌he”修飾，因此應(yīng)用“nine”的序數(shù)詞“ninth”，表示順序。故填ninth。33．句意：從1960年起，中國(guó)在太空探索領(lǐng)域取得了一系列顯著的成就。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“since1960”可知，此句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)“China”是單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用“has”。故填hasmade。34．句意：在1970年4月24日，在發(fā)射了國(guó)家第一顆衛(wèi)星后，中國(guó)加入了太空俱樂(lè)部。此空修飾后面的名詞“satellite”，表示所屬，應(yīng)用“country”的所有格“country’s”。故填country’s。35．句意：在2003年10月15日，中國(guó)把宇航員楊利偉送上太空，乘坐神舟五號(hào)繞地球行駛了21小時(shí)。此處泛指一段旅程，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，“twenty-one”是輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞，因此用“a”。故填a。36．句意：在2007年10月24日，嫦娥一號(hào)成功發(fā)射。此空修飾動(dòng)詞“waslaunched”，應(yīng)用“successful”的副詞“successfully”。故填successfully。37．句意：在2008年9月，神舟七號(hào)宇宙飛船帶著三名宇航員發(fā)射。月份“September”前應(yīng)用時(shí)間介詞“in”，位于句首首字母需大寫。故填I(lǐng)n。38．句意：他們其中一人邁出了中國(guó)歷史上的太空行走第一步。此空位于介詞“of”后作賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用“they”的賓格“them”。故填them。39．句意：它在12月7日帶著月球上的巖石和土壤返回了地球。“rocks”和“soil”是并列名詞，因此此處應(yīng)用“and”連接。故填and。40．句意：在2022年10月31日，中國(guó)夢(mèng)天太空實(shí)驗(yàn)艙被連接到了天河核心艙上，標(biāo)志著國(guó)家太空站的完成。主語(yǔ)“China’sM