中考語(yǔ)法精講形容詞

學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載中考語(yǔ)法精講-----形容詞用來(lái)修飾名詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征的詞，叫形容詞。⑴形容詞的作用，見(jiàn)下表：作用例句Youcanseealotofbeautifulflowersinthegarden.Yourcoatistoosmall.Theoldwomankeepseverythingcleanandtidy.注意：①有些形容詞只能作表語(yǔ)，如：alone,afraid,asleep等。Don’twakethesleepingbabyup.Heisasleep.Theoldmanisalone.②形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞，要放在這些詞的后面。You’dbettertellus___________.(有趣的事情)Thepolicefoundnothingstrangeintheroom.③多個(gè)形容詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)排列的先后順序口訣是：描大形新顏國(guó)材限定詞（冠詞，指示代詞，物主代詞，數(shù)詞），描（描繪性形容詞）大（大小長(zhǎng)短高低）形（形狀）新（新舊）顏（顏色）國(guó)（國(guó)家地區(qū)出處）材（材料）ThewomanboughttwobeautifulChineseplates兩張新的中國(guó)式的木制大圓桌________________________________________④形容詞名詞化：有些形容詞前加定冠詞后變成名詞，表示一類人，謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)。這類詞有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white(表示人種等)。Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry.年輕人應(yīng)該好好照顧老人。_____________________________________(2)形容詞與不定式連用的兩個(gè)句型。(1)Itis+形容詞+of/forsb.+todosth.若形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的，如kind，good，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用ofsb.。It’sverykind_____you____helpme.

It’sclever____you_____workoutthemathsproblem.若形容詞僅僅是描述事物，不是對(duì)不定式行為者的品格進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，用forsb.這類形容詞有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。

It’sverydangerous_____children_____crossthebusystreet.

It’sdifficult____us_____finishthework.(2)n.+be+形容詞+todosth.Comicsarewonderful____________（read)Thefilmisexciting_______(see).(3)常見(jiàn)名詞變形容詞的方法名詞構(gòu)成方法意義舉例表示天氣的名詞—y充滿….的;多….的Cloud—cloudy;Wind—windy表示方位的名詞—ern朝….的West—western;East—eastern表示稱謂的名詞—ly….一般的Friend—friendly;Mother—motherly表示時(shí)間的名詞—ly每….的Week—weekly;day—daliy表示物質(zhì)的名詞—en….制成的wood—wooden;gold—golden表示抽象意義的名詞—ful—y—less….的;….的無(wú)….的Care—careful;Luck—luckyHope—holpless表示大洲與國(guó)家名詞—n….的;….人的Asia—Asian;America—American(4)形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法①構(gòu)成規(guī)則變化1.一般單音節(jié)詞未尾加-er,-esttall-taller-tallest2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單音詞nice-nicer-nicestlarge-larger-largest3.雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾的輔音字母（輔+元+輔），再加-er，-estbig-bigger-biggest4."以輔+y"結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，改y為i，再加-er，-esteasy—easier-easiest5.其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加more，most來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。

important-moreimportant-mostimportanteasily-moreeasily-mosteasily不規(guī)則變化good/well→better→best

bad/ill→worse→worst

many/much→more→most

little→less→least

far→farther→farthest或者further→furthest

old→elder→eldest或者→older→oldest②兩者進(jìn)行比較A=Bas+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)+asIamastallasyou.LucysingsaswellasLily.A≠Bnotso/as+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)+asHeisnotas/socarefulashisbrother.Hedoesn’trunas/soquicklyasme.A＞B或A＜B形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)+thanYouaretwoyearsyoungerthanme.Heisalittlestrongerthanhisfather.Nancydancesbetterthanherclassmates.③三者或三者以上進(jìn)行比較；使用形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)常接in或of表比較范圍WhoisthetallestinClassThree?Shanghaiisthelargestofallthecities.oneof+最高級(jí)+名詞的復(fù)數(shù)Chinaisoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.the+序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+名詞的單數(shù)TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverintheworld.注意以下幾種情況：A形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)前可用much,alittle,abit,even,far等程度副詞或詞組表示不同程度，但是注意，very不行。I’malittle/much/farricherthanyou.Footballismuchmoreexcitingthanbasketball.B比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)表“越來(lái)越…”StrongerandstrongermoreandmorebeautifulC.“the+比較級(jí)…,the+比較級(jí)”表示“越是…越是…”Thebusiersheis,thehappiersheis.（5）易混形容詞1）older和elder older，表示“較老的，較舊的，年級(jí)較大的”；elder，一般用于比較一家人的年齡長(zhǎng)幼“年長(zhǎng)的”1.Yourbikeis______thanmine.2.He’s________thanyou.3.H’smy_________brother.2)ill和sick都表示“病的，生病的”，都可以作表語(yǔ)，但作定語(yǔ)只能用sick。而ill不能作定語(yǔ)（ill作定語(yǔ)時(shí)是“壞的”）The______manishisuncle.Hehasbeen_________fortwodays.3)good,well,fine,和nicegood是形容詞，用作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)，它表示電影、書(shū)籍等某種東西的內(nèi)容好，或者表示人品好、善良等。Thisisagoodbookwell作形容詞和副詞。作形容詞時(shí)只作表語(yǔ)，指身體健康；---Howareyou?---Iamvery____/Fine,thankyou.fine通常指天氣好，氣質(zhì)好，發(fā)育好等。It’safine/nicedaynice往往指“令人喜悅的。討人喜歡的”人，味道，言語(yǔ)，天氣等Nicetomeetyou4）以-ed和-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞的比較：以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞強(qiáng)調(diào)人的感受:excited,interested,surprised,frightened以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物本身的特征:exciting,interesting,surprisingThisisan________bookandIam________init.(interest)Wewerealldeeply________bythe_________story.(move)Step3中考題精選----ThereisasmileonMissGao’sface.Shemustbe_____withSam’swork.-----Ithinkso.Noonedidas____ashiminourclass.Aangry;wellBpleasing;goodCstrict;goodDpleased;well-----Thedoctortoldme_____toomuch,butIfinditdifficult.----Thedoctorisright.Thelessyoudrink,____youwillbe.Adon’tdrink;thehealthierBnottodrink;thehealthierCnottodrink;themorehealthierDdon’tdrink;healthier----Steveisgoodatwritingshortstories.-----Soheis.Buthewrites_____thanus.Sohecan’tgetgoodgradesinwriting.AmostcarefulBmorecarefullyClesscarefullyDleastcareful-----HaveyoueverseenthemoviecalledLosAngles2011?----Yes,butIthinkit’s_____.IfellasleepwhenIsawit.AexcitingBboringCboredDexcitedTheactressisalready50,butshelooks_____thanshereallyis.AyoungBmoreyoungCmoreyoungerDmuchyoungerDoyouthinkwhichlanguageis_____,JapaneseorEnglish?AdifficultBthemostdifficultCmoredifficultThemoreyouread,_____vocabularyyouwillhave.AthelargeBthelargestCthelarger-----Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?----Certainly,wecanbuy_____onethanthis,but____this.Aabetter;betterthanBaworse;asgoodasCacheaper;asgoodasDamoreimportant;goodas----Mike,howareyoufeelingtoday?----Much_____.IthinkIcangotoschooltomorrow.AgoodBbetterCwellDbestTherewasa_____talkbetweenthetwoleaderslastweek.AfriendBfriendshipCfriendlyDreally----Whydon’tyoulikewinterinBeijing?----Becauseitis_____winterinGuangzhou.AascoldasBmuchcolderthanCnotsocoldasDnotcolderthan----Thecakelooks______.----Yes,andittasteseven_____.Awell;goodBnice;betterCgood;worseDbetter;bestTheChangjiangRiveristhe_____riverinChina.AlongBlongestCshortDshortestHegot_____whenheheardthebadnews.AangryBangrilyChappyDhappilyMissWhiteisas_____asMissBrown,butshelooksmuch_____thanMissBrown.Aold;youngerBold;youngColder;youngDyounger;oldEveryonewas_____whentheyheardthe______news.Aexcited;excitedBexciting;excitingCexcited;excitingDexciting;excited----Whichoneofthosetwohouseswouldyoubuy?----Iwouldbuythe_____one,becauseIhaveabigfamily.AlargerBlargestCsmaller-----John,isHenryyourtwinbrother?-----Oh,yes.Heistwentyminutes_____thanme.AheavierBelderCtallerDolderIttakesmoretimetogotherebyshipthanbybus.It’s_____bytrainofthethree.AfasterBthefastestCfastDmuchfast----Theteacherlookedatherstudents_______whentheyweresaved.-----Wealsofelt_____forthem.Ahappily;happyBhappy;happilyChappy;happyDhappily;happily---______plasticbagsweuse,_______itwillbetotheenvironment.----Iagree_____you.ATheless;thebetter;w