2025屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)好題專題01閱讀理解第04期含解析

閱讀理解閱讀理解【2025屆安徽省六校教化探討會高三第一次素養(yǎng)測試】THEATER:STRAIGHTWHITEMENFromKoreanAmericanplaywrightYoungJeanLeecomesacomedythatdealswiththeprivilegeproblemthroughthestoryofthreebrothers(JakebyBruchReed,DrewbyAveryClarkandMattbyMichaelTisdale)andtheirfatherEd(playedbyMichaelWinters),whoreuniteoverChristmaseggnogandlighttrash-talkingthatleadstosomethingdeeper.ThroughDec.18.StudioTheater,150114thSt.NW.202-332-3300.$20-$85.EXHIBIT:GATEWAYS/PORTALSThisexhibitexplorestheimmigrantexperienceinAmerica.Bylookingatcommunity,socialjusticeandgatherings,itaimstoshowhowpeoplecometoadoptanewhomeinmajormetroareaslikeWashington,Baltimore,CharlotteandRaleigh,N.C．Dec.5throughAug.6.AnacostiaCommunityMuseum,1901FortPI.SE.202-633-4820.Free.BLUES:PIEDMONTBLUESAspartofStrathmore’sShadesofBluesfestival,jazzpianistandcomposerGeraldClaytonleadsthenine-pieceAssemblybandinaperformancefeaturingsingerReneMarieandtapdancerMauriceChestnut.Thisshow,whichhighlightsworksbyPiedmontBluesmusicians,willcombinemusic,filmandphotography.8p.m.Dec.10.Strathmore,5301TuckermanLane,NorthBethesda,Md.301-581-5100.$30-$60.INDOORFUN:WINTERFESTYoudon’thavetowaituntilspringtrainingtogetalookattheNats.TheWashingtonNationalshostatwo-dayfestivalfeaturinggames,activitiesandappearancesbyitsgreatbaseballplayers.Dec.10-11.WalterE.WashingtonConventionCenter,801MountVernonPI.NW.202-608-1110.$33,$23children.1．WhowillgiveaperformanceatStudioTheater?A．YoungJeanLee. B．MichaelWinters.C．ReneMarie. D．MauriceChestnut.2．WherecanpeoplelearnaboutAmericanhistory?A．StudioTheater.B．AnacostiaCommunityMuseum.C．Strathmore.D．WalterE.WashingtonConventionCenter.3．Whichnumbershouldasportsfancall?A．202-332-3300. B．202-633-4820. C．301-581-5100. D．202-608-1110.【答案】1．B2．B3．D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章向我們介紹了四種不同類型的特色活動以及它們的時間、地點及收費狀況。1．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)THEATER:STRAIGHTWHITEMEN部分關(guān)鍵句“thestoryofthreebrothers(JakebyBruchReed,DrewbyAveryClarkandMattbyMichaelTisdale)andtheirfatherEd(playedbyMichaelWinters)”可知，MichaelWinters在這個故事中扮演三兄弟的父親。再依據(jù)本段關(guān)鍵句“ThroughDec.18.StudioTheater,150114thSt.NW.202-332-3300.$20-$85.”可知，這個表演將在StudioTheater實行，由此可推斷出MichaelWinters將在StudioTheater進(jìn)行演出。故選B項。2．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)EXHIBIT:GATEWAYS/PORTALS部分關(guān)鍵句“ThisexhibitexplorestheimmigrantexperienceinAmerica.”可知，這個展覽探究了美國的移民歷史。再依據(jù)本段關(guān)鍵句“Dec.5throughAug.6.AnacostiaCommunityMuseum,1901FortPI.SE.202-633-4820.Free.”可知，這個展覽將在AnacostiaCommunityMuseum實行，由此可推斷出，人們可以在AnacostiaCommunityMuseum了解到美國歷史。故選B項。3．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)INDOORFUN:WINTERFEST部分關(guān)鍵句“TheWashingtonNationalshostatwo-dayfestivalfeaturinggames,activitiesandappearancesbyitsgreatbaseballplayers.”可知，在這項活動中舉辦了為期兩天的節(jié)日，以宏大的棒球運動員的競賽、活動和出場為特色。再依據(jù)本段關(guān)鍵句“Dec.10-11.WalterE.WashingtonConventionCenter,801MountVernonPI.NW.202-608-1110.$33,$23children.”可知，這項活動的詢問電話是202-608-1110，由此可推斷出，這項活動和體育有關(guān)，體育迷可以撥打202-608-1110來詢問活動信息。故選D項。I’vealwayslovedsingingbut,untilthissummer,itwasonlyintheshower.IneverthoughtI’dmissedoutonmuchuntilmychildrenjoinedtheschoolchoir.Assinginghasbecomeabiggerpartofmychildren’slives,I’veseentheirconfidencegrow.It’sabigthingtoperformonstage,butsoonthiswassomethingtheycoulddealwitheasily.Ihadencouragedthemtochallengethemselvesandthey’dsucceeded.Asamother,Ithought:jobdone.Whathappenednextthrewme.“Comeandjointheparents’choir,”afriendsuggested.ItoldherIcouldn’tsing.“It’snotaboutthesinging;it’sabouttheexperience,”shesaid.“Youshouldtryitout.”ThatnightIstruggledtosleep.Everyday,Iencouragemychildrentopushthemselvesoutoftheircomfortzone;everyday,Ilearnthattheonlywaytogetyourchildrentobehaveinacertainwayisbymodelingthatbehavioryourself.HereIwasdoingtheopposite.Thenextmorning,Ijoined.IfeltliketheawkwardnewgirlthemorningIwalkedintothepracticeroom.Anoriginalscorehadbeenwrittentobesunginthreeparts,whichothersreadliketheyweresentencesonapageandburstintosong.Tome,itmightwellhavebeenwritteninancientGreek.Itriedmybesttofollowthetune.Standingonstageontheeveningofourperformance,Istartedtrembling,butassoonasthemusicstarted,Icalmeddown.Aseaofsmilingfacesencouragedme.ApplausefilledthehallandIwasreallyexcited.Irealizedthatperformingwasaddictive.IalsorealizedthatwhatIalwaystoldmychildrenwastrue:unlessyoupushyourselfandarebravetotrysomethingnew,you’llmissoutonsomuchthatlifehastooffer.4．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’schildren?A．Imaginative. B．Generous. C．Independent. D．Courageous.5．Whydidtheauthordecidetojointheparents’choir?A．Shefollowedherfriend’sexample. B．Shewasencouragedbyherchildren.C．Shetriedtoachieveherdreamofsinging. D．Shehopedtosetherchildrenanexample.6．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2suggest?A．Theauthorhaddifficultysingingthesong. B．Theauthorwasunabletowritemusic.C．Theauthorwasfondofclassicalmusic. D．TheauthorcouldwriteinancientGreek.7．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Practicemakesperfect. B．Confidence:thesecretofsuccess.C．Challengesmakelifemeaningful. D．Opportunityfavorsacautiousmind.【答案】4．D5．D6．A7．C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了作者為了給孩子們樹立一個好榜樣，報名參與了合唱團(tuán)，雖然遇到了一些困難，但是作者最終完成了表演，覺得挑戰(zhàn)讓生活更有意義。4．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中It’sabigthingtoperformonstage,butsoonthiswassomethingtheycoulddealwitheasily.Ihadencouragedthemtochallengethemselvesandthey’dsucceeded.可知在舞臺上表演是件大事，但很快他們就能輕松應(yīng)付了。我激勵他們挑戰(zhàn)自我，他們勝利了。由此可推知，作者的孩子們勇于挑戰(zhàn)自我，很英勇。故選D。5．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中Everyday,Iencouragemychildrentopushthemselvesoutoftheircomfortzone;everyday,Ilearnthattheonlywaytogetyourchildrentobehaveinacertainwayisbymodelingthatbehavioryourself.HereIwasdoingtheopposite.Thenextmorning,Ijoined.可知每天，我都激勵我的孩子把自己從舒適區(qū)里推出來；每天，我都了解到，要想讓你的孩子以某種方式表現(xiàn)，唯一的方法就是自己示范這種行為。在這里，我卻反其道而行之。其次天早上，我加入了。由此可推知，作者確定加入父母合唱團(tuán)，是因為她希望為她的孩子樹立一個榜樣。故選D。6．推理推斷題。依據(jù)后文Itriedmybesttofollowthetune.可知我盡力跟著曲子走。由此可推知，作者唱這首歌有困難，只是在盡力跟著曲子走。故第3段中劃線的句子表明作者唱這首歌有困難。故選A。7．主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段IalsorealizedthatwhatIalwaystoldmychildrenwastrue:unlessyoupushyourselfandarebravetotrysomethingnew,you’llmissoutonsomuchthatlifehastooffer.可知我還意識到，我常常對孩子們說的話是正確的:除非你強(qiáng)迫自己，英勇地嘗試新事物，否則你將會錯過很多生活所能供應(yīng)的東西。結(jié)合文章主要記敘了作者為了給孩子們樹立一個好榜樣，報名參與了合唱團(tuán)，雖然遇到了一些困難，但是作者最終完成了表演，覺得挑戰(zhàn)讓生活更有意義。由此可知，C選項“挑戰(zhàn)使生活有意義”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。WhilewalkingthroughsomeremoteforestinIndonesia’sWestSumatra,somebiologistsclaimtohavespottedtheworld’slargestflowereverrecorded.TheflowerisagiantRafflesiatuan-mudae,aspeciesthatonlycomesoutforaboutsevendaysattheendoftheplant’slifespan.Therecordflowermeasuredinatadiameterof111centimeters,whichmakesitlargerthanthepreviousrecordholderby4centimeters,alsoaRafflesiatuan-mudae.“ThisisthelargestRafflesiatuan-mudaethathaseverbeendocumented,”saidAdePutraattheAgamConservationAgencyinSumatra.Theflowerischaracterizedbyitsflesh-coloredpetals(花瓣)thatarecoveredinwhitespots.Thatmightnotsoundlikethemostattractivedescription,butit’sproperconsideringthesmellthisspeciesisknowntogiveoff.Rafflesiatuan-mudaeisatypeofspecialflower,whichsmellslikeadyingbody.Don’tletthisfactlessenthegloryofafindlikethis,however.Whattheflowerlacksinfragrancemakesupforitsappealingbiology.Thepungentsmellismeanttoattractflies,whicharethisflower’smainpollinators(傳粉者).Interestingly,it’sstillamysteryastowhattypeofanimaldistributesthetuan-mudaeseeds.Theseplantsalsogrowinsidetherootofahostplantforaroundninemonthsuntilsuddenlyshowingthemselvestotheworldwiththeirgiantsmellyflowers.Theywerenamed“Rafflesia”afteraBritishcolonist(殖民者),SirStamfordRaffles,whowasthefirsttoofficiallyidentifyoneintheearly19thcentury.HopefullyforRaffles’sake,itwasnamedafterhimtohonorthediscovery,notbecauseofthegoodsir’ssmell.Luckily,ittakesaspecialkindofscientiststoruntowardoneoftheseflowersratherthanaway,butinthiscasetheprizewasworththesmell.Whateveritssmell,it’saspecialplant,andit’sencouragingthatsuchrarenaturalwonderscanstillfindroomtogrowonourcrowdedplanet.8．Whatwasthediameterofthepreviousrecordholderofthebiggestflower?A．111centimeters. B．104centimeters.C．107centimeters. D．115centimeters.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pungent”meaninParagraph4?A．Strongandunpleasant. B．Relaxingandsoft.C．Fragrantandsharp. D．Pleasantandattractive.10．Whatisthemainideaofthefifthparagraph?A．Whentheflowerwasfound. B．Wheretheflowerwasfound.C．Howtheflowerwasnamed. D．Whytheflowerwassospecial.11．Howdoestheauthorfindthediscovery?A．Nervous. B．Fortunate. C．Annoyed. D．Satisfied.【答案】8．C9．A10．C11．B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章向我們介紹了世界上有記錄的最大的花Rafflesiatuan-mudae（穆達(dá)大王花），并介紹了它特殊的氣味和命名緣由。8．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段關(guān)鍵句“Therecordflowermeasuredinatadiameterof111centimeters,whichmakesitlargerthanthepreviousrecordholderby4centimeters,alsoaRafflesiatuan-mudae.”可知，這朵Rafflesiatuan-mudae（穆達(dá)大王花）的直徑為111厘米，這使得它比之前的記錄保持者的直徑大了4厘米，那也是一朵穆達(dá)大王花。由此可推斷出，最大的花的前一個記錄保持者的直徑是111厘米減去4厘米，為107厘米。故選C項。9．詞義揣測題。畫線詞所在句“Thepungentsmellismeanttoattractflies”意為“這種_____氣味是用來吸引蒼蠅的”。依據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Rafflesiatuan-mudaeisatypeofspecialflower,whichsmellslikeadyingbody.”可知，穆達(dá)大王花聞起來像一個垂死的尸體。再依據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“suddenlyshowingthemselvestotheworldwiththeirgiantsmellyflowers.”中的“giantsmelly”可知，這種花會散發(fā)出巨大的臭味。Strongandunpleasant意為“劇烈的和令人不快的”，符合對這種花氣味的描述，表示這種劇烈的和令人不快的氣味是用來吸引蒼蠅的，符合句意。故選A項。10．主旨大意題。依據(jù)第五段關(guān)鍵句“Theywerenamed“Rafflesia”afteraBritishcolonist(殖民者),SirStamfordRaffles”可知，這種花以英國殖民者SirStamfordRaffles的名字命名為Rafflesia。再依據(jù)第五段關(guān)鍵句“itwasnamedafterhimtohonorthediscovery,notbecauseofthegoodsir’ssmell”可知，以他的名字命名是為了紀(jì)念這個發(fā)覺。由此可推斷出，本段主要講的是這朵花是怎樣被命名的。故選C項。11．推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段關(guān)鍵句“Luckily,ittakesaspecialkindofscientiststoruntowardoneoftheseflowersratherthanaway,butinthiscasetheprizewasworththesmell.”可知，幸運的是，這種特殊的味道讓科學(xué)家們跑向了這些花，而不是遠(yuǎn)離它們。由此可推斷出，作者認(rèn)為這一發(fā)覺是幸運的。Fortunate意為“幸運的”，符合作者的看法。故選B項。“Alexa,what’s5minus3?”A6-year-oldboyrecentlyaskedthatquestioninavideo,whichwaspopularonTwitter.Alexa,Amazon’svoice-startedassistant,deliveredaquickanswer:2.It’scute,butitraisesaquestionthat’sbeenonthemindsofmanyparentsandeducatorslately:HowdovirtualassistantslikeAlexaaffectchildren’slearningexperiences?ClintHill,anEnglishteacher,saysinhisclassroomsheoftensees“childrenquietlytalkingintotheirphonesandaskingGoogleorotherservicestospellsomecomplicatedwordsthattheydon’tknow.”ButHillsayshedoesn’tmind.“Istrugglewithspelling,andspellcheckonmywordprocessinghasbeenalifesaverforme.”hesays.“Ithinkbeingabletousethosetechnologicalaidsisnothurtinganybody,”Hilladds.Butsomeexpertssayit’snotjustaboutlearningbasicmathorspelling.“Oneofthebestgiftswecangiveourchildrenisdoingthatkindofproblem-solvingtogether,”saysDianeLevin,aprofessorofappliedhumandevelopment.Levinsaysit’simportantforchildrentolearntostruggle—evenjustalittle—withchallenges.“Theywillusethoseskillsthatthey’relearningforallkindsofthingsthatcomealong,”Levinsays.HowmuchconcernshouldparentshaveoverAlexaandtheirchildren?Everynewwaveoftechnology,fromcalculatorstoTVsets,causesapanicaboutitseffectonchildren,andnostalgia(懷舊)forthepast,saysDimitriChristakis,anexpertinchildhealth,behavioranddevelopment.Buthesaysthatachildwatchingtelevisionishavingacompletelypassiveexperience.Becausenewtechnologyisinteractive,“ithelpsunderstandhowtheworldworks,”Christakissays.“Butwhilewatchingtelevision,youplaynoroleinthecontent,”Christakissays.Still,heagreesthatthisdebateisaboutmuchmorethanknowingwhat5minus3is.It’salsoaboutdevelopingthepatiencetosolveproblems.“Thatabilitytostayfocused,”hesays,“isoneofthemostimportantdevelopmentalskillsthatchildrenacquire.”12．WhatcanbeinferredfromHill’swords?A．Technologicalaidsarehelpful.B．Hisstudentsdon’tusetheirbrains.C．Hisstudentsaren’tfocusedinclass.D．Spellingisreallydifficultforsmallchildren.13．WhatcanwelearnabouttechnologicalaidsinLevin’sopinion?A．Theyfailtosolveproblems.B．Theygivechildrenchallenges.C．Theypresentathreattoteachersatschool.D．Theyareharmfultochildren’sdevelopment.14．WhichofthefollowingwouldChristakisagreewith?A．Newtechnologyaffectschildrenmost. B．Newtechnologytendstocauseworries.C．Televisionhasbeenathingofthepast. D．Today’sparentsaretooconcerned.15．WhatdoesChristakisstressaboutchildreninthelastparagraph?A．Theirabilitytointeractwithothers. B．Theirabilitytolearnfromthepast.C．Theirabilitytostudytechnology. D．Theirabilitytopayattention.【答案】12．A13．D14．B15．D【解析】這是一篇爭論文。文章針對科技救濟(jì)手段在兒童的學(xué)習(xí)和發(fā)展過程中的利弊進(jìn)行了探討。12．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Hill的話“Istrugglewithspelling,andspellcheckonmywordprocessinghasbeenalifesaverforme.”可知，他的拼法很困難，他認(rèn)為利用技術(shù)手段對他的拼法進(jìn)行檢查是他的救命稻草。再依據(jù)他接下來的話“Ithinkbeingabletousethosetechnologicalaidsisnothurtinganybody”可知，他認(rèn)為運用這些技術(shù)救濟(jì)不會損害到任何人。由此可推斷出，Hill認(rèn)為技術(shù)救濟(jì)是有幫助的。故選A項。13．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中Levin的話“Oneofthebestgiftswecangiveourchildrenisdoingthatkindofproblem-solvingtogether”可知，我們能給孩子最好的禮物之一就是培育孩子一起解決問題的實力。通過文意可知，技術(shù)救濟(jì)手段幫助孩子解決了問題，同時也使孩子丟失了自己解決問題的實力，這對孩子的發(fā)展是有害的。由此可推斷出，Levin認(rèn)為技術(shù)救濟(jì)手段危害了孩子的發(fā)展。故選D項。14．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中Christakis的話“Everynewwaveoftechnology,fromcalculatorstoTVsets,causesapanicaboutitseffectonchildren,andnostalgia(懷舊)forthepast”可知，每一次新的科技浪潮，從計算器到電視機(jī)，都會引起家長們關(guān)于新科技給孩子們帶來的影響的恐慌，以及對過去的懷念。由此可推斷出，Christakis認(rèn)為新的技術(shù)會引起家長們的憂慮和擔(dān)憂。故選B項。15．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中Christakis的話“Thatabilitytostayfocused,”hesays,“isoneofthemostimportantdevelopmentalskillsthatchildrenacquire.”可知，保持專注的實力，是兒童獲得的最重要的發(fā)展技能之一。由此可推斷出，在本段中，Christakis強(qiáng)調(diào)了兒童專注實力的重要性。故選D項。閱讀理解【2025屆湖南省邵陽市高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考】TeaObreht’sFavoriteNovelsTéaObreht’snewnovel,Inland,tellsthestoriesofanoutlawcrossingtheAmericanWestandahomesteaderawaitingthereturnofherhusband.Below,sherecommendsothernovelsshapedbyplace.TheMeadowJamesGalvin(1992)Galvinnarrowshisnovel’sfocustoariverinsouth-easternWyoming,thesiteofthreegenerations’struggleandachievements.“Ioftenfindmyselfreadingeachsentencetwice,justtoenjoytheunexpectedtwistsofGalvin’sprose(散文).”WhatIsNotYoursIsNotYoursHelenOyeyemi(2024).Everythingaboutthisstorycollectiondelightsandpuzzlesthesoul,inawayofexperiencingtheterrifyingfairytaleforthefirsttime.Eachstoryfeelslikeworkingaroundyouinakindofharmonyyoucan’tevenbegintocomprehenduntilthefinalline.OrangeWorldKarenRussell(2024).“EverynewbookofRussell’sinstantlytakesitspreviousbook’splaceasmyfavorite.”Place,ineachofthesetime-jumping,world-warpingstories—whichunfoldamapofplacebothrealandimagined—providesphysical,social,andemotionalpressuresonbothcharacterandreader.TheBluestEyeToniMorrison(1970)“Morrison’snovelremainsmyfavorite,possiblyowingtotheparticularfeelingsproducedbyitsplaceandpersonhood,anditssuggestionthathowyouexperiencetheworldisgovernedbyage,race,andwhetherornotonegrowsuploved.”1．Whodoes“I”refertointhetext?A．JamesGalvin. B．TéaObreht. C．KarenRussell. D．ToniMorrison.2．WhatkindofbookisWhatIsNotYoursIsNotYours?A．Abiography. B．Alovestory. C．Afairytale. D．Aprose.3．Whatdothefournovelshaveincommon?A．Theyareshapedbyplace. B．Theyhavethesamebackground.C．Theyhavesimilarplots. D．TheyarewrittenbyTeaObreht.【答案】1．B2．C3．A【解析】本文為應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了TéaObreht喜愛的四本書。1．詞句揣測題。由標(biāo)題TéaObreht’sFavoriteNovels(TéaObreht最喜愛的四本小說)以及第一段最終一句Below,sherecommendsothernovelsshapedbyplace.可知以下是她舉薦的其他依據(jù)地域塑造的小說。由此可知，文章中I指的是TéaObreht。故選B。2．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)WhatIsNotYoursIsNotYours部分中Everythingaboutthisstorycollectiondelightsandpuzzlesthesoul,inawayofexperiencingtheterrifyingfairytaleforthefirsttime.可知關(guān)于這個故事集的一切都讓靈魂感到愉悅和困惑，就像第一次體驗可怕的童話故事一樣。由此可知，WhatIsNotYoursIsNotYours是一個童話故事。故選C。3．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句Below,sherecommendsothernovelsshapedbyplace.可知以下是她舉薦的其他依據(jù)地域塑造的小說。由此可知，四本書的共同點是都是依據(jù)地域塑造的。故選A。Itisnosecretthatphysicalactivityisnecessarytoaperson’swell-being.Becausechildrenarecontinuouslydevelopingphysicallyandemotionally,theyareespeciallyaffectedbythebenefitsofactivity.FormerFirstLadyMichelleObama’sLet’sMoveinitiativereportsthatnearlyone-thirdofUSchildrenareoverweightorobese,andthat“schoolsareakeysettingforkidstogettheir60minutesofplaywithmoderateactivity,giventhesignificantportion(部分)oftimetheyspendthere.”Physicaleducationprogramsinschoolsdirectlybenefitstudents’physicalhealth.Regularexercisepromotesmusclesandbonedevelopment.Inadditiontoparticipatinginphysicalactivity,studentsinP.E.learnthefundamentalsofahealthfullifestyle,thebuildingblocksuponwhichtheycandevelopintohealthy,knowledgeableadults.ThoughthelackofattentiononP.E.isoftenjustifiedasanopportunitytospendmoretimeintheclassroom,studiesshowthatphysicalactivitycontributestoimprovedacademicperformance.Regularactivityduringtheschooldayisstronglyassociatedwithhigherconcentrationlevels.AstatewidepolicyinNorthCarolinarequiresthatchildrenfromkindergartentoeighthgradeparticipatein30minutesofphysicalactivityeachday.ActivitiesinP.E.helpchildrendevelophealthfulsocialinteractions.Fromayoungage,childrenlearncooperationthroughgroupactivitiesandformapositivesenseofidentityaspartofateam.Suchgroupactivitiesarecontinuallyimportantaschildrengrowolder.TheInternationalPlatformonSportandDevelopmentstatesthatsporthasbeenusedasapracticaltooltoengageyoungpeopleintheircommunitiesthroughvolunteering,resultinginhigherlevelsofleadershipandcommunityengagementamongyoungpeople.ThebenefitsofP.E.toachild’smentalhealtharebothcomplexandcomprehensive.Improvedphysicalhealth,academicsandsocialinteractionsallcontributetogoodmentalhealth.Physicalactivitysetsthestageforagoodnight’ssleep,providesmoreenergytoparticipateinhobbiesandinteractwithothers.4．Thefirstparagraphimpliesthat________.A．childrenarebecomingmuchlaziernowadaysB．someschoolshaveforbiddenphysicalactivityC．mostparentsaredissatisfiedwithschooleducationD．schoolsmustpaymoreattentiontophysicaleducation5．Physicaleducationisignoredinawaybecause________.A．childrendisliketakingphysicalactivityB．schoolsareworriedaboutchildren’ssafetyC．studentsshouldhavemoretimeforstudyD．lesssportingequipmentisavailabletoschoolchildren6．WhichisNOTabenefitofP.E.classes?A．Theyassureyouofasuccessfulfuture. B．Theykeepyourmindinagoodstate.C．Theyhelpyoufocusonyourstudies. D．Theydogoodtoyoursocialskills.7．Whatistheauthor’spossibleattitudetowardsthepolicyinNorthCarolina?A．Sceptical. B．Favorable.C．Ambiguous. D．Objective.【答案】4．D5．C6．A7．B【解析】這是一篇爭論文。文章講解并描述體育活動對孩子們有多方面的好處，學(xué)校體育項目的實施，干脆關(guān)系到學(xué)生的健康成長。4．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“schoolsareakeysettingforkidstogettheir60minutesofplaywithmoderateactivity,giventhesignificantportion(部分)oftimetheyspendthere.”(學(xué)校是孩子們進(jìn)行60分鐘適度活動的關(guān)鍵場所，因為他們在學(xué)校的時間占了相當(dāng)大的一部分。)可知，第一段示意學(xué)校必需更加重視體育教化。故選D項。5．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句ThoughthelackofattentiononP.E.isoftenjustifiedasanopportunitytospendmoretimeintheclassroom,studiesshowthatphysicalactivitycontributestoimprovedacademicperformance.(雖然缺乏對體育的關(guān)注通常被認(rèn)為是在課堂上花更多時間的機(jī)會，但探討表明，體育活動有助于提高學(xué)習(xí)成果。)可知，體育在某種程度上被忽視了，是因為學(xué)生應(yīng)有更多的時間學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。6．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中studiesshowthatphysicalactivitycontributestoimprovedacademicperformance.，第四段第一句ActivitiesinP.E.helpchildrendevelophealthfulsocialinteractions.和最終一段其次句Improvedphysicalhealth,academicsandsocialinteractionsallcontributetogoodmentalhealth.可知，體育活動有助于提高學(xué)習(xí)成果，有助于兒童發(fā)展健康的社會交往，有助于良好的心理健康，只有A項“保證你有一個勝利的將來”不是體育課的好處。故選A。7．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句AstatewidepolicyinNorthCarolinarequiresthatchildrenfromkindergartentoeighthgradeparticipatein30minutesofphysicalactivityeachday.可知，北卡羅來納州的一項全州性政策要求從幼兒園到八年級的孩子每天參與30分鐘的體育活動。再依據(jù)最終一段ActivitiesinP.E.helpchildrendevelophealthfulsocialinteractions.Improvedphysicalhealth,academicsandsocialinteractionsallcontributetogoodmentalhealth.Physicaleducationprogramsinschoolsdirectlybenefitstudents’physicalhealth.Regularexercisepromotesmusclesandbonedevelopment.可知，體育活動對孩子們有多方面的好處，所以作者對北卡羅萊納州的政策可能持贊成的看法。故選B。Kokothegorillaknewover1,000signsbasedonAmericanSignLanguage,andusedthemtodoeverythingfromaskingforfoodtojokingaround.Hertrainer,PennyPatterson,thoughtKokowentfurtherstill,signinginnovelwaysandshowingcomplexemotions.AccordingtoMs.Patterson,whenacatthatKokolovedwaskilledinanaccident,Kokosigned:“Cat,cry,have-sorry,Koko-love.”WhenKokodiedlastmonth,someofherobituaries(訃告)mournedthegorillawhohad“masteredAmericansignlanguage”.Thencamethecritics,fromlinguistsandexpertsinsignlanguages.Thereisnodoubtthatanimalscommunicate.Beescandemonstratethedirectionanddistanceofasourceoffood.Dolphinsmakenoisesthatfunctionlikenames.Yetthereisanimportantdistinctionbetweencommunicationandlanguage.Takethemisleadingterm“bodylanguage”.Itissometimesclaimedthatwordsconveyjust7%ofmeaning,andthatbodylanguageandtoneofvoicedotherest.Buttryconveyingafactlike“ItwillrainonTuesday”withyoureyebrows,andthedifferencebecomesclear.Languageallowsforclearstatements,questionsandcommands.NoamChomskyhasarguedthatpeoplehaveakindof“universalgrammar”,andthatallhumankind’slanguagesaremerevariations(變奏曲)onatheme.Hehaschangedhismindrepeatedlyonwhatmakesuptheessentialofhumanlanguage,butoneobviouscandidateissyntax—rules,notjustwords,whichallowtheconstructionofhugevarietyofmeaningfulexpressions.Nolanguageintheworldmerelyusesrelevantsignstogetherlikecommunicationsatthetourist-abroadlevelofpointingandmakingexaggeratedfacialexpressions.Thatgorillaslacksyntaxshouldnotblindhumanstotheirmagnificence.ButthefactthatKokocouldcommunicateshouldnotmisleadobserversintothinkingshepossessedlanguage.8．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?A．Describeanamazinganimal. B．InformpeopleofKoko’sdeath.C．Introducethetopicofthetext. D．ShowMsPatterson’stechnique.9．Whatcanweinferaboutlanguageaccordingtothetext?A．Itconsistsofwordsandbodylanguageandsyntax.B．Bodylanguageactuallycan’tbetakenaslanguage.C．It’spowerthatbothhumansandanimalspossess.D．Facialexpressionsallowforclearstatementsandcommands.10．Whichofthefollowingcanbestconvey“ItwillrainonTuesday”?A．Facialexpressions. B．Eyebrowmovements.C．Pointing. D．Dialect.11．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Humanlanguageisdifferentfrommerecommunication.B．Rulesplayanessentialpartinhumancommunication.C．NoamChomskyisabrilliantmasterofhumanlanguage.D．Koko’sextraordinaryskillsdeservepeople’srecognition.【答案】8．C9．B10．D11．A【解析】本文是說明文。文章主要從一只會手語的黑猩猩Koko引入主題，談到對人類語言及語言學(xué)習(xí)的界定。作者認(rèn)為肢體語言事實上不能被當(dāng)作語言，語言是可以清晰地陳述、提問和吩咐的。大猩猩Koko可以溝通的事實不應(yīng)當(dāng)誤導(dǎo)視察者認(rèn)為她駕馭了語言。8．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段由黑猩猩Koko之死引發(fā)人們對其逝去之哀悼，最終引出一條對Koko的訃告，說它駕馭了美國手語。以及其次段中Thencamethecritics,fromlinguistsandexpertsinsignlanguages.Thereisnodoubtthatanimalscommunicate.(接著，來自語言學(xué)家和手語專家的指責(zé)接踵而至。毫無疑問，動物是會溝通的)可知其次段開頭立刻提出有語言學(xué)家對此提出反對，然后文章起先講解并描述語言學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律。由此可推知，第一段在全文中就是引出話題的作用。故選C。9．推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中Yetthereisanimportantdistinctionbetweencommunicationandlanguage.(然而，溝通和語言之間有一個重要的區(qū)分)以及第三段中Takethemisleadingterm“bodylanguage”.(以具有誤導(dǎo)性的術(shù)語“肢體語言”為例)由此可推知，肢體語言事實上不能被當(dāng)作語言。故選B。10．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中Buttryconveyingafactlike“ItwillrainonTuesday”withyoureyebrows,andthedifferencebecomesclear.Languageallowsforclearstatements,questionsandcommands.可知但試著用眉毛表達(dá)“周二會下雨”這樣的信息，差別就會變得很明顯。語言可以清晰地陳述、提問和吩咐。由此可推知，A、B、C選項都屬于肢體語言，并不能清晰地陳述，只有D選項“方言”是可以表達(dá)“星期二”會下雨這句話的。故選D。11．主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段Thatgorillaslacksyntaxshouldnotblindhumanstotheirmagnificence.ButthefactthatKokocouldcommunicateshouldnotmisleadobserversintothinkingshepossessedlanguage.可知大猩猩不會語法不應(yīng)當(dāng)使人類對它們的宏大視而不見。但是Koko可以溝通的事實不應(yīng)當(dāng)誤導(dǎo)視察者認(rèn)為她駕馭了語言。結(jié)合文章主要從一只會手語的黑猩猩Koko引入主題，談到對人類語言及語言學(xué)習(xí)的界定。作者認(rèn)為肢體語言事實上不能被當(dāng)作語言，語言是可以清晰地陳述、提問和吩咐的。大猩猩Koko可以溝通的事實不應(yīng)當(dāng)誤導(dǎo)視察者認(rèn)為她駕馭了語言。由此可知，這篇文章的主旨是人類的語言不同于單純的溝通。故選A。Ifyoumakelistoftheworld’stoptenmostchallengingjobs,chancesarethatbeingateacherwillnotmakethecut.Butthinkaboutthediscouragingtaskmillionsofeducatorsfaceeachdayastheytrytoshapegroupofoftenbad-tempered,wildkidsintointelligent,well-roundedindividuals.Thatsurelyhastobethetoughestjobintheworld,especiallygiventhatthereisnopromotionorbonusawaitingthemeveniftheyarewildlysuccessful!Whatiftheseall-importantindividualsthatweoftentakeforgranteddisappearfromourlives?ThatwaswhatProjectEdandParticipantMedia’sTeachcampaignaskedfilmmakersofallagestoimagineintheirrecently-heldcompetitionEntitled“AWorldWithoutTeachers”,itspurposewastoinspiremoreyoungpeopletobecometeachers.However,the62amazingvideosubmissionsalsoserveasareminderofhowhorriblethingswouldbeifwedidn’thavetheseselflessindividualsguidingusthroughlife.Whatwasinterestingisthateventheyoungestparticipantsdidnotappeartobehappyattheideaofnothavinganybodytellingthemwhattodo.High-schoolstudentSavannahWakefieldreflectedifartasweknowittodaywouldhavebeendifferentwithoutteachers.WouldMonethavediscoveredhistalentforimpressionism?LosAngeles-basedMilesHorst,whowonthe1000USDprizeforthebestadultsubmissionimaginesaworldwhereteachersarereplacedbya“brainbox”inhisfunlivelyentry.YouthcategorywinnerMarinaBarham’svideorepresentsafactweallknowbutoftenforget.Teachersdon’tjustteach,theyinspire-somethingthatnoelectronicdevice,nomatterhowsmart,cando!Sothenex