2024屆廣東省深圳市高三第一次調(diào)研考試（一模）英語(yǔ)試題

2024屆廣東省深圳市高三第一次調(diào)研考試（一模）英語(yǔ)試題

一、閱讀理解

WhistlerTravelGuide

Snow-cappedpeaksandpowderedsteeps;sparklinglakesandrushingwaterfalls;

challenginghikingroutesandinvitingrestaurants-Whistler'sofferingssuiteveryseason.

Thingstodo

Theentiretowndisplaystheski-chicatmosphere,hostingdozensofskiandsnowboard

competitionsandfestivalsannually.Inthewarmermonths,moreoutdoorenthusiastscome

outtoplay.Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.WhileWhistlerisanideal

vacationspotfortheactivetypes,othertravelerscanenjoythelocalmuseumsandart

galleriesfilledwithinformativeexhibits.Plus,therearefamily-friendlyactivitiesand

attractionslikesummerconcerts,alongwithplentyofshoppingoptions.

Whentovisit

ThebesttimestovisitWhistlerarefromJunethroughAugustandbetweenDecember

andMarch.

Howtogetaround

ThebestwaystogetaroundWhistlerareonfootorbybike.Or,youcantakethe

shuttlebusesfromWhistlerVillage,whichtransportvisitorstoLostLakeParkandthe

Marketplace.Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractions

likeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashonacab.

Whatyouneedtoknow

?Whistlerreceivesfeetofsnoweachyear.Ifyou'redrivinginwinter,slowdownand

makesuretorentorcomewithareliableSUV.

?SnowslidesarelikelytooccuronBackcountryroutes,soonlyadvancedskiersshould

taketothisoff-the-maparea.

?Whistler'swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceand

donotfeedthem.

1.WhatareactivetravelersrecommendedtodoinWhistler?

A.Bikeupthemountains.B.Hostskicompetitions.

C.Goshoppingatthemalls.D.Visitmuseumexhibitions.

2.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopularamongtravelers?

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A.WhistlerVillage.B.LostLakePark.C.TheMarketplace.

D.WhistlerTrainWreck.

3.WhataretravelersprohibitedfromdoinginWhistler?

A.DrivingarentedSUV.B.Feedinggrizzlybears.

C.Exploringthewilderness.D.SkingonBackcountryroutes.

Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthehumansoul.Theliterary

workscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswere

whatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestions

themselves.Wordswereeverything.

Thatbeliefchanged.

Inanordinarymathclass,myteacherposedasimplequestion:Whafs0.99roundedto

thenearestwholenumber?Easy.Whenroundedtothenearestwholenumber,0.99=1.

Somehow,Ithoughteventhough0.99isonly0.01awayfrom1,there?sstilla0.01

difference.Thatmeanseveniftwothingsareonlyalittledifferent,theyarestilldifferent,so

doesn'tthatmakethemcompletelydifferent?

Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation（等式）：1=0.9,which

couldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999repeatingitselfwithouteverending.

Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewas

unchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomething

endless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthings

wereconnectedbyanequalsign.

Lyinginbed,Ithoughtabouthowmuchtheequationparalleledourexistence.Theleft

sideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.The

concrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebomandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.But

thenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.Therightsidemeansatimeandspacefullof

limitlesspossibilities,andendlessopportunitiesintotheopenfuture.

Sothafswhatlifeis.Objectivebutimaginative.Unchangeablebutlimitless.Lifeisan

equationwithtwosidesthatbalancesitsefout.Still,wecan'tevertrulyseemtoputthe

perfectwordstoit.Sopossiblynumberscanexpressideasaseuallywellaswordscan.For

now,lefsleaveitatthat:1=0.99999...andlivealifelikeit.

4.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeaboutwordsinparagraph1?

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A.Theirwidevariety.B.Theirliteraryorigins.

C.Theirdistinctsounds.D.Theirexpressivepower.

5.Whatmadetheauthorfindtheequationfascinating?

A.Therepetitionofanumber.B.Thewaytwodifferentnumbersare

equal.

C.Thequestiontheteacherraised.D.Thedifferencebetweenthetwo

numbers.

6.Whichofthefllowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"paralleled“inparagraph6?

A.Measured.B.Composed.C.Mirrored.D.Influenced.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ThePerfectEquationB.NumbersBuildEquations

C.AnAttractiveQuestionD.WordsOutperformNumbers

“Whydoesgrandpahaveearhair?”Justafewyearsagomychildwassocuriousto

know"why"and"how"thatwehadtocutoffherquestionsfiveminutesbeforebedtime.

Nowasoon-to-befourthgrader,shesaysthatshedislikesschoolbecause"it'snotfiunto

learm.^^Iamshocked.Asascientistandparent,IhavedoneeverythingIcantopromotea

loveoflearninginmychildren.WheredidIgowrong?

Mychild'sexperienceisnotunique.DevelopmentalpsychologistSusanEngelnotesthat

curiositydefinedas"'spontaneous（自發(fā)的）“investigationandeagernessfornew

information-dropsdramaticallyinchildrenbythefourthgrade.

InWonder:ChildhoodandtheLifelongLoveofScience,YalepsychologistFrank

C.Keildetailsthedevelopmentofwonder-aspontaneouspassiontoexplore,discover,

andunderstand.Hetakesusonajourneyfromitsearlydevelopment,whenwonderdrives

commonsenseandscientificreasoning,throughthedrop-offinwonderthatoftenoccurs,to

thetrapoflifeinasocietythatdevalueswonder.

AsKeilnotes,childrenareparticularlyrichinwonderwhiletheyarerapidlydeveloping

causalmechanisms（因果機(jī)制）inthepreschoolandearlyelementaryschoolyears.Theyare

sensitivetotheothers9knowledgeandgoals,andtheyexpertlyusetheirdesirefor

questioning.Children'squestions,particularlythoseabout"why"and"how"supportthe

developmentofcausalmechanismswhichcanbeusedtohelptheirday-to-dayreasoning.

Unfortunately,asKeilnotes,“adultsgreatlyunderestimateyoungchildren'scausal

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mechanisms.9,Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupportchildren'songoing

wonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestion-asking,andfocusing

ontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.

Adeclineinwonderisnotunavoidable.Keilremindsusthatwecanacceptwonderasa

desirablepositivequalitythatexistsineveryone.Ivaluewonderdeeply,andWonderhas

givenmehopebyproposingafutureformychildrenthatwillremainwonder-full.

8.Whatisacommonproblemamongfourthgraders?

A.Theyupsettheirparentstoooften.B.Theyasktoomanystrangequestions.

C.Theirloveforfundisappearsquickly.D.Theirdesiretolearndeclinessharply.

9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutchildren'scausalmechanismsinparagraph4?

A.Theycontrolchildren'ssensitivity.B.Theyslightlychangeinearlychildhood.

C.Theyhardlysupportchildren'sreasoning.D.Theydevelopthroughchildren's

questioning.

10.Howcanparentssupportchildren'songoingwonderaccordingtoKeil?

A.Bymonitoringtheirgames.B.Bywelcominginquiringminds.

C?Byestimatingtheirabilities.D.Byprovidingreasonableconclusions.

11.Whatisthetext?

A.Abookreview.B.Anewsreport.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Achildren's

story.

Eachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest-anareaaboutthesizeof

Iceland-becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld5s

forestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusetts

InstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewood-likeplant

materialsinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto"grow"awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdown

trees.

Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecells

areculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontains

nutrientsandtwodifferenthormones.Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscan

tunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprinter

toshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthree

months.Finally,theresearchersdehydratethematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.

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Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,open

cellsoflowerdensity,whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterials

withsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakesthe

plantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwood-like

characteristics.What5smore,ifstobenotedthattheresearchprocessisabout100times

fasterthanthetimeittakesforatreetogrowtomaturity!

Researchofthiskindisground-breaking."Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofa

technology,9,saysleadresearcher,JeffreyBerenstain.t6Therealopportunityhereistobeatits

bestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeetthe

requirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto'grow'any

woodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan'tachieve.

12.WhydoresearchersatMITconducttheresearch?

A.Togrowmoretrees.B.Toprotectplantdiversity.

C.Toreducetreelosses.D.Topredictforestdisappearance.

13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutthelabresearch?

A.Itstheoreticalbasis.B.Itskeyprocedures.

C.Itsscientificevidence.D.Itsusualdifficulties.

14.Whatdoesthefindingsuggestabouttheplantmaterials?

A.Thehormonelevelsaffecttheirrigidity.

B.Theyarebetterthannaturallygrownplants.

C.Theircells5shapesmainlyrelyontheirdensity.

D.Theirgrowthspeeddeterminestheircharacteristics.

15.Whyistheresearchground-breakingaccordingtoBerenstain?

A.Itusesnewbiologicalmaterialsinlabexperiments.

B.Itrevolutionizesthewaytomakewoodenproducts.

C.Itchallengestraditionalscientifictheoriesinforestry.

D.Ithasasignificantimpactonworldwideplantgrowth.

Artcomesintwomaincategories:realisticandabstract.Realisticartaimstoshow

real-lifescenes,people,andobjectsexactlyastheyappear.Itinvolvespayingcloseattention

todetails,makingthingslooklikephotographs16It'smoreaboutexpressing

feelings,emotions,andideas.

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Realisticartiseasytounderstand.Viewerscaneasilyrecognizewhatisportrayed.Take

theMonaLisa,forexample-ifsarealisticpaintingofaladywithamysterioussmile.

17,helpingustolearnaboutthepast.

Unlikerealisticart,abstractartismoreaboutbeingcreative.18.Theyuse

shapes,colorsandpatternstoexpressfeelingsandideas.Abstractartmeansdifferentthings

todifferentpeople.Somepeopleenjoytryingtofigureoutwhattheartworkconveys.

19.Realisticartneedsprecisionindrawingorsculptingtomakethingslook

real.Abstractartrequiresimaginationtouseshapesandcolorsinnewways.Manyartistsare

skilledinboth.Theycreaterealisticpiecestodemonstratetheirtechnicalskillsandabstract

onestodisplaytheircreativity.

Asforpersonalpreference,somepeopleprefertheclearstoriesofrealisticartwhile

othersareattractedtothemysteryofabstractart,interpretingmeaningsintheshapesand

forms.Together,thetwokindsofartmaketheartworlddiverseandengaging20

A.Bothtypesofarttakeskillstomake

B.Photographspreservefacesoffolksfromlongago

C.Graspingabstractartdemandsmoreartistictraining

D.Bothwaysofcreatingarthavetheirownvalueandbeauty

E.Incontrast,abstractartfocuseslessonrealisticappearances

F.Artworkslikethistellstoriesabouthistoryandeverydaylife

G.Artistshavethefreedomtogobeyondreal-liferepresentations

二、完形填空

Lastyear,Istartedthejourneyofbeingaremoteproductdesigner.Thethoughtofa

21_schedule,acomfortablehomeoffice,andtheescapefromthecrowdedpublictransport

wasincredibly22.Thefirstfewweekswerefilledwithalong-lostfeelingof23

However,the24ofworkingfromhomegraduallysetin.Ihadstartedmydaywith

thebestintentions,promisingmyselfquickbreaksandregular25.Butdeadlines,

endlessemails,andvirtualmeetings26metomycomputerthroughouttheday,

leavingmelittletimeto27.Goneweretheshortwalkstoacolleague'sdeskandthe

quicklunchtimewalksaroundtheofficecomplex.Finally,myworldwas28tothe

wallsofmyhome,mysteps29inmeremetersratherthankilometers.

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Oneday,Itried30oneofmyfavoritedressesanditwasn'tpassingthroughmy

waistatall.Glancingatmyselfinthemirror,Isawa31personcarryingextraweight,

ratherthansomeoneenjoyingfreedom.The32ofworkandpersonallifehadleftme

feelinglikeIwasaneverendingmotionmachine.

Thisincidentmarkedthe33ofajourneyofself-discovery.Imadeupmymind

thatIneededa(n)34notjustformywaistlinebutformyoverallwell-being.Itwasa

promisetoprioritizemyphysicalandmentalhealth,andacommitmentthatIcould35

controlovermylifeandmybody.

21.A.tightB?regularC.fullD.flexible

22.A.appealingB.amusingC.challengingD.disturbing

23.A.directionB?securityC.freedomD.responsibility

24.A.dutiesB.rewardsC.problemsD.expectations

25.A.visitsB.emailsC.updatesD.stretches

26.A.tiedB.inspiredC.guidedD.introduced

27.A.replyB.relaxC.reactD.read

28.A.extendedB.limitedC.relatedD.exposed

29.A.countedB?repeatedC.watchedD.followed

30.A.tidyingupB.puttingasideC.fittingintoD.gettingback

31.A.lazyB.tiredC.rudeD.mad

32.A.mixB?successC.balanceD.value

33.A.distanceB.memoryC.beginningD.training

34.A.promiseB.excuseC-answerD.change

35.A.maintainB.easeC.removeD?regain

三、語(yǔ)法填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Despitebeing75yearsold,ChaiTixia'sexpertiseinJianziistrulyimpressive.With

quickkicks,heeffortlesslysendstheJianziintotheairandgracefullyguidesittoland36

(gentle)onhishead.

Jianzi,37gamethatdatesbacktotheHanDynasty,issurprisinglysimple:

playersmustkeeptheJianziintheair,38(use)anypartoftheirbodyexcepttheir

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handsandarms.However,tomasterthisgame39(require)alotofpractice.

WhileenjoyedthroughoutChina,Jianzi4。(describe)byChaiasanimportant

aspectofhutongculture.Thenarrowalleyways,situatedwithinBeijing'sinnercity,provide

thesettingforthegame's41(popular).Eachmormning,Chaiandhisfellowhutong

residentsgatherfortheirsharedpassionforJianzi.

Chai'sspiritedmatcheswithhisneighborshaveabigaudience42(draw)tothe

artistryandexcitementofthegame.Theonlookerswhowatchthemplayingwithgreat

athleticismareamazedat43Chaiandhisfellowplayerscanachieve.

HavingpracticedJianziforover30years,Chaicherishesthephysicalandsocial44

(benefit)thegamebrings.Engaginginlivelymatcheswithhisneighborsenergizeshisbody,

enhanceshisflexibility,45promotesunitywithinthecommunity.ThroughJianzi,

Chaiharvestsnotonlyhealthbutasenseofbelongingandfriendship.

四、書(shū)信寫(xiě)作

46.在口語(yǔ)課上，外教Alex組織同學(xué)們討論是否使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票(onlinevoting)的方式評(píng)

選校園十佳歌手。請(qǐng)你代表小組發(fā)言，內(nèi)容包括：

1.小組觀點(diǎn)；

2.陳述理由。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Hello,everyone!

Thankyouforlistening!

五、書(shū)面表達(dá)

47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

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文。

Inourweeklystaffmeeting,oureditorAshleywasnotpleasedwiththequalityofour

reporting."Ourreadershipiswaydown.WeneedbetterstoriesforthisThursday'sschool

newspaper.Doesanybodyhaveanyideas?”shesaid.

IhandedhermyarticleaboutourbasketballteambeatingDeerfieldHighSchoolthe

previousnightbyonepoint."Sportsstoriesarefun,^^shesaid,"butnotgoodenoughforthe

frontpage.Weneedsomethingtoreallygetpeople'sattention.^^

Afterourmeeting,weleftthenewsroomtogetherandheardsomeonescreaming,'Terry

ismissing!,?Perrywasabigredparrotandhadbeenourschoolmascot（吉祥物fortenyears.

Heplayedanimportantroleinstudents9lives,bothinandoutofclass.Hehadalsobeena

constantpresenceatschoolevents,inspiringasenseofunityamongstudents.

EveryonegatheredaroundPerry'semptycage,heartbroken.Suddenly,astudentfrom

thecrowdcameoverandshowedmeaphoto."You'reareporterfortheschoolpaper,right?I

happenedtotakethisyesterday,9,hesaid.InthephotowasaDeerfieldHighSchool

basketballplayerwithsomethinglargehiddenunderhisshirtaroundthesizeofaparrot.

“HemusthavestolenPerrytogetbackatusforwinningthegame!^^Ashleycried.We

hurriedbacktothenewsroom,agreeingtorunthephotoonthefrontpagewiththeheadline

atDeerfeldStolePerry.”"Thisisjustthestoryweneed.Everyonewillreadit,“Ashleysaid

confidently.

Aftersheleft,Itookacloserlookatthephoto.Theclockinthebackgroundread4:15

pm,butourgameagainstDeerfieldhadn'tstarteduntil4:30pm.Whywouldtheboyhave

takenPerrybeforeweevenplayed?Anuneasyfeelingcameovermethatwemighthave

falselyaccusedsomeone.

IwenttoPerry'susualcaretakertoaskifheknewPerrywasmissing."He'snotmissing.

He'sretired.He'sreadyforsomequieterdays,“hesaid.Learningthetruth,Iimmediately

toldAshleyandsuggestedwritingastorytosaygoodbyetoPerry.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右：

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Tomysurprise,Ashleyinsistedonreportingthe“DeerfieldStolePerry"story.

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OnThursday,thepapercameoutwiththeheadline“Bye-Bye,Perry“onthefrontpage.

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參考答案:

1.A2.D3.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一篇惠斯勒旅游指南，介紹了旅游特色和注意事項(xiàng)等。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段'Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.（游客可以嘗試

徒步旅行或騎自行車(chē)上山）”可知，惠斯勒推薦活躍的旅行者騎車(chē)上山。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretop

attractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashon

acab.（同時(shí)，擁有一輛車(chē)可以讓你自由地探索像惠斯勒火車(chē)殘骸和亞歷山大瀑布這樣的頂級(jí)

景點(diǎn)，而不必花很多錢(qián)打車(chē)）”可知，WhistlerTrainWreck最受游客歡迎。故選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一短“Whistler'swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.

Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.（惠斯勒的荒野是許多黑熊和灰熊的家園。保持距離,

不要喂它們）”可知，旅客在惠斯勒禁止喂灰熊。故選B。

4.D5.B6.C7.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是作者在數(shù)學(xué)課上學(xué)了一個(gè)等式后的一些感悟。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthe

humansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesaw

theworld.Wordswerewhatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswersto

thosequestionsthemselves.（我曾經(jīng)相信，只有語(yǔ)言才能捕捉到人類(lèi)靈魂的本質(zhì)。文學(xué)作品包

含了如此獨(dú)特的故事，它們塑造了我們看待世界的方式。文字構(gòu)成了我們?cè)噲D揭示的問(wèn)題,

以及這些問(wèn)題本身的答案）”可推知，在第一段作者主要強(qiáng)調(diào)了語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)力量，故選D。

5.推理判斷題o根據(jù)第四段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingaboutthe

equation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Onthe

rightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwo

opposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.（這個(gè)方程式神秘而迷人。左邊是不變的、客觀

的：里面有一個(gè)沒(méi)有盡頭的數(shù)字。右邊是無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的東西，數(shù)字無(wú)限重復(fù)。然而，不知怎么

的，這兩個(gè)相反的東西被一個(gè)等號(hào)連接起來(lái)了）”可知，作者覺(jué)得這個(gè)等式很迷人，因?yàn)閿?shù)字

雖然不同，但是卻被等號(hào)連接起來(lái)了。由此推知，讓作者覺(jué)得這個(gè)等式迷人的是兩個(gè)不同的

數(shù)相等的方式。故選B。

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6.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitself

issounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornand

thedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.（等式的左邊表

示有時(shí)候生命本身是如此的不可改變，如此的清晰。你出生的日期和你死亡的日期的具體整

數(shù)。但是生與死之間有一段距離廠可知，作者躺在床上思考的是這個(gè)等式與我們的存在是多

么相似，劃線詞paralleled的意思是“與...十分相似“，和mirrored意思相近，故選Co

7.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第四段Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganother

equation（等式）：1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999repeatingitselfwithout

everending.（我的老師給出了另一個(gè)等式：1=0.9,也可以表示為1=0.99999……不斷重復(fù)，

沒(méi)有盡頭）“和第五段'Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleft

sidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomething

endless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswere

connectedbyanequalsign.（這個(gè)等式神秘而迷人。左邊是不變的、客觀的：里面有一個(gè)沒(méi)有

盡頭的數(shù)字。右邊是無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的東西，數(shù)字無(wú)限重復(fù)。然而，不知怎么的，這兩個(gè)相反的東

西被一個(gè)等號(hào)連接起來(lái)了）”可知，本文主要講的是作者在數(shù)學(xué)課上學(xué)了一個(gè)等式后的一些感

悟。由此可知，最恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題是A選項(xiàng)“ThePerfectEquation（完美的等式）故選A。

8.D9.D10.B11.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹的是Wonder這本書(shū)的主要內(nèi)容，這本書(shū)主要分析的

是為什么孩子們對(duì)外界事物的好奇會(huì)在四年級(jí)時(shí)急劇減少。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段DevelopmentalpsychologistSusanEngelnotesthatcuriositydefined

as'"spontaneous（自發(fā)的）“investigationandeagernessfornewinformation-dropsdramaticallyin

childrenbythefourthgrade.（發(fā)展心理學(xué)家SusanEngel指出，到四年級(jí)時(shí)，被定義為"自發(fā)”

調(diào)查的好奇心和對(duì)新信息的渴望會(huì)急劇下降。）“可知，四年級(jí)學(xué)生的常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題是他們的學(xué)習(xí)

欲望急劇下降。故選D。

9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Children'squestions,particularlythoseabout"why"and"how”

supportthedevelopmentofcausalmechanismswhichcanbeusedtohelptheirday-to-day

reasoning.（孩子們的問(wèn)題，特別是那些關(guān)于“為什么”和“如何”的問(wèn)題，支持因果機(jī)制的發(fā)展,

可以用來(lái)幫助他們的日常推理。）”可知，從第4段可以推斷出兒童的因果機(jī)制是通過(guò)孩子們

的提問(wèn)發(fā)展起來(lái)的。故選D。

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10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupport

children'songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestion-asking,

andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.（在Wonder這本書(shū)中,Keil告訴我彳門(mén),我

們可以通過(guò)和孩子們一起玩游戲，鼓勵(lì)他們提問(wèn)，關(guān)注他們推理和總結(jié)的能力，來(lái)支持孩子

們持續(xù)的驚奇。）”可知，根據(jù)Keil的說(shuō)法，父母可以通過(guò)歡迎孩子們問(wèn)問(wèn)題來(lái)支持孩子們不

斷的驚奇，故選B。

11.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第二段“Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecan

supportchildren'songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouraging

question-asking,andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.（在Wonder這本書(shū)中，Keil

告訴我們，我們可以通過(guò)和孩子們一起玩游戲，鼓勵(lì)他們提問(wèn)，關(guān)注他們推理和總結(jié)的能力，

來(lái)支持孩子們持續(xù)的驚奇。）”可知，本文主要介紹的是Wonder這本書(shū)的主要內(nèi)容，因此這

本書(shū)是書(shū)評(píng)，故選A。

12.C13.B14.A15.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了為了避免砍伐樹(shù)木，麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員開(kāi)

創(chuàng)了一種技術(shù)，在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里生產(chǎn)類(lèi)似木材的植物材料。解釋了其實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程以及其積極意義。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段'Eachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest一an

areaaboutthesizeofIceland-becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredict

theworld'sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersat

MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewood-like

plantmaterialsinalab.（每年，由于砍伐樹(shù)木，世界上損失了大約1000萬(wàn)公頃的森林面

積約為冰島的大小。一些科學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)，按照這個(gè)速度，世界上的森林可能會(huì)在100到200年

內(nèi)消失。為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員開(kāi)創(chuàng)了一種技術(shù)，在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里生產(chǎn)類(lèi)

似木材的植物材料）”可知，麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究是為了減少樹(shù)木損失。故

選C。

13.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段'Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoung

plant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermedium

whichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones.Byadjustingthehormonelevels,the

researcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea

3Dprintertoshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthree

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months.Finally,theresearchersdehydratethematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.（在實(shí)驗(yàn)室

里，研究人員首先從幼小植物的葉子上提取細(xì)胞。這些細(xì)胞在液體培養(yǎng)基中培養(yǎng)兩天，然后

轉(zhuǎn)移到另一種含有營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和兩種不同激素的培養(yǎng)基中。通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)激素水平，研究人員可以

調(diào)節(jié)細(xì)胞的物理和機(jī)械特性。接下來(lái)，研究人員使用3D打印機(jī)來(lái)塑造細(xì)胞基材料，并讓成

型的材料在黑暗中生長(zhǎng)三個(gè)月。最后，研究人員將材料脫水，然后評(píng)估其質(zhì)量）”可知，第二

段主要告訴我們關(guān)于實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究的關(guān)鍵程序。故選B。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段‘Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswith

morerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity,whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowth

ofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstractures

makestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwood-like

characteristics.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，較低的激素水平會(huì)導(dǎo)致植物材料的細(xì)胞更圓、更開(kāi)放，密度更低,

而較高的激素水平會(huì)導(dǎo)致植物材料的細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)更小，但密度更大。細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)的密度或高或低，

使植物材料更柔軟或更堅(jiān)硬，幫助材料生長(zhǎng)出不同的類(lèi)木特性）”可知，激素水平影響植物材

料的硬度。故選A。

15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后——段'Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougive

aboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto'grow'anywoodenproductinawaythat

traditionalagriculturalmethodscan'tachieve.（該技術(shù)可以調(diào)整以滿足對(duì)形狀、大小、剛性和形

式的要求。它使我們能夠以傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)方法無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的方式“種植”任何木制品）”可知，貝倫斯

坦認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究具有開(kāi)創(chuàng)性因?yàn)樗镄铝酥谱髂局破返姆椒ā９蔬xB。

16.E17.F18.G19.A20.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要以兩種