江西省部分學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江西省部分學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomangoodat?A.Singing.B.Playingthedrums.C.Playingthepianos.2.Whyisthemanlate?A.Becauseoftheheavytraffic.B.Becauseofthebadweather.C.Becauseofthebasketballmatch.3.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Chargeherphone.B.Leavethehouse.C.Callhermother.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asouvenir.B.Aplace.C.Acolorfullife.5.Howmuchwillthewomanpaytorentthecar?A.200dollars.B.210dollars.C.240dollars.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Paytaxes.B.Answerquestions.C.Getinformation.7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Callbacklater.B.Sendanemail.C.Speaktosomeoneelse.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheweatherprobablylikenow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.9.Whathappenedattheget-togetherlastyear?A.Noonewantedtoplayanygames.B.Peopleranoutoffoodanddrinks.C.Peoplejustwantedtostaywarm.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whendidthewomanreservetheroom?A.Onthe11th.B.Onthe12th.C.Onthe13th.11.Howmanynightswillthewomanstayatthehotel?A.One.B.Three.C.Five.12.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobesenttoherroom?A.Breakfast.B.Anewspaper.C.Aguestbook.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wherewillthespeakershavetheparty?A.Inagarden.B.Inahotel.C.Intheirhouse.14.Whatfoodwillthemanpreparefortheparty?A.Pizzas.B.Salad.C.Abirthdaycake.15.WhatkindofbirthdaypresentwillthewomangetforGrandpa?A.Ascarf.B.Abook.C.Ahat.16.Whenwillthepartybeheld?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howlongisthelectureaboutants?A.60minutes.B.45minutes.C.30minutes.18.WherewillthefilmTheGreatMigrationbeshown?A.InTheaterA.B.InTheaterB.C.InTheaterC.19.WhowillhosttheeventEncouragingGardenWildlife?A.DavidCrocker.B.MonicaChaddha.C.JaneSmith.20.WhenwillthelistenersleavetheExhibitionRoom?A.At2:00pm.B.At2:30pm.C.At3:00pm.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourBestNationalParksintheUSGreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark,NorthCarolinaandTennesseeGreatSmokyMountainsNationalParkisthecountry’smost-visitednationalpark.CrossingNorthCarolinaandTennessee,thisparkisknownforitswildlife,waterfallsandfog-coveredmountains.It’sworthvisitingyear-roundforscenicviewsandoutdooractivitieslikehiking,buttheparkreallyshinesinautumn,whenitstreesputonadisplayofred,orangeandgoldleaves.YellowstoneNationalPark,Wyoming,MontanaandIdahoTheworld’sfirstnationalpark,YellowstoneNationalParkwasestablishedin1872,andin2020,itrecorded3.8millionvisits.Throughoutits2.2millionacres(英畝),visitorscanfindarangeofuniqueattractions,includingMammothHotSprings,OldFaithfulGeyserandGrandPrismaticSpring,aswellaswaterfalls,lakesandwildlife.ZionNationalPark,UtahUtahishometosomeofthecountry’sbestnationalparks,includingArches,BryceCanyonandCanyonlands,butUtah’sfirstandmostpopularnationalparkisZionNationalPark.Visitorscanenjoyhiking,climbing,bikingandbirdinghere.RockyMountainNationalPark,ColoradoCovering415mountainoussquaremiles,RockyMountainNationalParkisthefourthmost-visited.Here,visitorscanspotavarietyofwildlifefromasafedistance,andexplorethepark’smanyhikingtrails.RockyMountainNationalParkalsohasanumberofscenicdrivesforvisitorswhowanttoseethepark’sforests,wildflower-coveredgrasslands,andmorewithoutleavingtheircars.1.WhenisthebesttimetoadmireleavesinGreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark?A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Autumn. D.Winter.2.Whichofthefollowingistheworld’sfirstnationalpark?A.ZionNationalPark. B.YellowstoneNationalPark.C.RockyMountainNationalPark. D.GreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark.3.WhereisCanyonlandsNationalPark?A.InUtah. B.InTennessee.C.InWyoming. D.InColorado.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)最好的四個(gè)國(guó)家公園，分別是美國(guó)大霧山國(guó)家公園、黃石國(guó)家公園、錫安國(guó)家公園以及落基山國(guó)家公園?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark,NorthCarolinaandTennessee部分“It’sworthvisitingyear-roundforscenicviewsandoutdooractivitieslikehiking,buttheparkreallyshinesinautumn,whenitstreesputonadisplayofred,orangeandgoldleaves.(這里一年四季都值得一游，可以欣賞美景，也可以進(jìn)行徒步旅行等戶外活動(dòng)，但秋天才是公園真正的亮點(diǎn)，因?yàn)榍锾斓臉淠緯?huì)呈現(xiàn)出紅色、橙色和金色的葉子。)”可知，去美國(guó)大霧山國(guó)家公園欣賞樹葉最好的季節(jié)是秋天。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YellowstoneNationalPark,Wyoming,MontanaandIdaho部分“Theworld’sfirstnationalpark,YellowstoneNationalParkwasestablishedin1872,andin2020,itrecorded3.8millionvisits.(世界上第一個(gè)國(guó)家公園，黃石國(guó)家公園建于1872年，在2020年共有380萬人次參觀。)”可知，世界上第一個(gè)國(guó)家公園是美國(guó)的黃石國(guó)家公園。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ZionNationalPark,Utah部分“Utahishometosomeofthecountry’sbestnationalparks,includingArches,BryceCanyonandCanyonlands,butUtah’sfirstandmostpopularnationalparkisZionNationalPark.(猶他州是一些國(guó)家最好的國(guó)家公園的所在地，包括拱門國(guó)家公園、布萊斯峽谷國(guó)家公園和坎寧蘭茲國(guó)家公園，但猶他州的第一個(gè)也是最受歡迎的國(guó)家公園是錫安國(guó)家公園。)”可知，坎寧蘭茲國(guó)家公園位于美國(guó)猶他州。故選A項(xiàng)。BJoshPrimmhasjustmovedtoNewYorkCitywithhisparents.He’sshy,anxious,andslowtoadjusttohisnewschool.Thenhemakesafriend—Lyle,acrocodile.Lyleisnoordinarycrocodile.Foronething,hesings.Josh’sparentsareterrifiedofhimatfirst,butLylesoonbecomespartofthefamily.WhenMr.Grumps,theirunfriendlyneighbor,threatenstohaveLyletakenaway,thePrimmspulltogethertoprotectthecreature.Lyle,Lyle,Crocodileisamusicalcomedybasedonthepopularchildren’sbooksbyBernardWaber.JoshisplayedbyWinslowFegley,13.Hesaidhecametounderstandtheshyboy.“Joshhastogothroughthisjourney,tobreakoutofhisshell,”Winslowsaid.“Andit’sLyle,understandingtheboy’sloneliness,whohelpshimdothis.Bytheendofthemovie,Joshisveryopentotryingnewthings,”Winslowadded.“Icanrelatetothat.”TheLyleweseeinthemovieiscomputer-animated.He’svoicedbysingerShawnMendes.ButWinslowsaiditwasa“maninasuit”,actorBenPalacios,whobroughtadultLyletolifeontheset.ThismadeiteasierforWinslowtogetintocharacter.“ItwasagreatexperiencebecauseIcouldworkwitharealperson,”Winslowsaid.“Iwasabletoreacttohisemotions.”Winslowhasthesameadmirationforeveryoneinvolvedinmakingthemovie.“Allofthepeoplewhoworkedonthespecialeffectshavedoneanamazingjob,”hesaid.“It’snotjustmakingLylelookrealistic,butmakinghimalovablecharacter.It’sreallyeasytofallinlovewithhim.”ThefilmalsostarsConstanceWuasJosh’smomandJavierBardemasHectorP.Valenti,Lyle’sowner.“Withalltheseverytalentedpeople,”Winslowsaid,“wemadeanamazingfilmthat’sgreat,hopefully,forallages.”Lyle,Lyle,CrocodileopenedintheatersonOctober7.4.WhatdidLyledointhestory?A.HetaughtJoshtosing. B.HehelpedJoshovercomehisshyness.C.HeinvitedJoshtoacrocodileconcert. D.HecompetedwithJoshinatalentshow.5.WhatisthemovieLyle,Lyle,Crocodilemainlyabout?A.WinslowFegleystrugglestobecomeanactor.B.Lyle,acrocodile,becomesapopstarinNewYorkCity.C.Joshadaptstoanewschoolwiththehelpofacrocodile.D.ThePrimmfamily’sneighbortriestodrivetheirpetcrocodileaway.6.HowdidBen’sLyleaffectWinslow?A.Itchallengedhimtoactagainstapre-recordedvoice.B.Itsimplifiedtheprocessofworkingwithspecialeffects.C.Itallowedhimtopracticecommunicatingwithacrocodile.D.Itenabledhimtoperformbetterinhisrole.7.WhatdoesWinslowFegleyadmireaboutthefilm’sspecialeffectsteam?A.TheirworkwithactorBenPalacios. B.Theircreationofalovablecharacter.C.TheirabilitytomakeLylelookharmless. D.Theircontributiontothefilm’smusic.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一部音樂喜劇電影，并描述了主人公扮演者的表演感受?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“He’sshy,anxious,andslowtoadjusttohisnewschool.Thenhemakesafriend—Lyle,acrocodile.”（他害羞、焦慮，適應(yīng)新學(xué)校的速度很慢。然后他交了一個(gè)朋友——萊爾，一只鱷魚。）及第三段“Joshhastogothroughthisjourney,tobreakoutofhisshell,”Winslowsaid.“Andit’sLyle,understandingtheboy’sloneliness,whohelpshimdothis.”（“喬希必須經(jīng)歷這段旅程，打破他的殼，”溫斯洛說。而正是萊爾，理解男孩的孤獨(dú)，幫助他做到了這一點(diǎn)。）可知，Lyle理解Josh的孤獨(dú)，并幫助他打破自己的殼，變得更加開放，愿意嘗試新事物。從而可推斷，Lyle幫助Josh克服了他的害羞。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第三段““Joshhastogothroughthisjourney,tobreakoutofhisshell,”Winslowsaid.“Andit’sLyle,understandingtheboy’sloneliness,whohelpshimdothis.Bytheendofthemovie,Joshisveryopentotryingnewthings,”Winslowadded.“Icanrelatetothat.””（“Josh必須經(jīng)歷這段旅程，打破他的殼，”溫斯洛說。而正是萊爾，理解男孩的孤獨(dú)，幫助他做到了這一點(diǎn)。在電影的最后，Josh非常愿意嘗試新事物，”Winslow補(bǔ)充道?！拔夷芾斫狻！保┛芍?，電影的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于Josh如何通過一只名叫Lyle的鱷魚的幫助來適應(yīng)他的新學(xué)校，因此選項(xiàng)C正確概括了電影的主要內(nèi)容。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheLyleweseeinthemovieiscomputer-animated.He’svoicedbysingerShawnMendes.ButWinslowsaiditwasa“maninasuit”,actorBenPalacios,whobroughtadultLyletolifeontheset.ThismadeiteasierforWinslowtogetintocharacter.“ItwasagreatexperiencebecauseIcouldworkwitharealperson,”Winslowsaid.“Iwasabletoreacttohisemotions.””（我們?cè)陔娪爸锌吹降娜R爾是電腦動(dòng)畫制作的。他的配音是歌手肖恩·門德斯。但溫斯洛說，這是一個(gè)“穿著（鱷魚）服裝的仁”，演員本·帕拉西奧斯，他在片場(chǎng)把成年后的萊爾演繹得活脫脫。這讓溫斯洛更容易進(jìn)入角色?！斑@是一次很棒的經(jīng)歷，因?yàn)槲铱梢院鸵粋€(gè)真實(shí)的人一起工作，”溫斯洛說。“我能夠?qū)λ那榫w做出反應(yīng)?！保┛芍?，WinslowFegley描述與穿著鱷魚服裝的演員BenPalacios互動(dòng)使得他能夠在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)與一個(gè)真人合作，并對(duì)其情緒做出反應(yīng)，這樣的互動(dòng)幫助他更好地進(jìn)入角色并提升表演。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Allofthepeoplewhoworkedonthespecialeffectshavedoneanamazingjob,”hesaid.“It’snotjustmakingLylelookrealistic,butmakinghimalovablecharacter.It’sreallyeasytofallinlovewithhim.”（所有從事特效工作的人都做得非常出色?！薄斑@不僅讓萊爾看起來很真實(shí)，而且讓他成為一個(gè)可愛的角色。真的很容易就會(huì)愛上他。）可推斷，Winslow欣賞特效團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)讓觀眾容易愛上的角色。故選B。CScientistsareconfusedabouttwonewlydiscoveredstars.Thetwostars,oneofwhichwasannouncedthismonthinthejournalNature,sendoutlongpulses(脈沖)ofradiowavesaboutevery20minutes.Thismeanstheymovemuchmoreslowly,andtheyhaveothercharacteristicsthatastronomerscan’texplain.“Weareallstillquiteamazed,”saysastronomerNatashaHurley-Walker,wholedthediscoveryofbothofthesesurprisingsources.Themysterybeganin2021,whenHurley-Walkerandhercolleaguesdiscoveredaslowlyrepeatingradiopulse.Itshoneforthreemonths.Butbythetimetheydiscovereditintherecords,itsactivityhaddieddown,andithadbecomeinvisibleintheskies.InaJanuary2022paper,thescientistssuggestedtheobjectcouldbeakindofstarcalledamagnetar(磁陀星).Buttheobject,withthenameGLEAM-XJ162759.5-523504.3,sentoutapulseevery18minutesinsteadofeveryfewsecondslikeknownmagnetars.ItalsohadnoX-raysignalassociatedwiththeradioemission(發(fā)射),whichdoesn’tfitwithmagnetartheories.Andstrangely,theobject’smagneticfieldwaslikelymuchstrongerthanpreviouslyseen.Sothescientistsbeganlookingforothersimilarobjects.InJune2022,Hurley-Walkerandhercolleaguesbeganobservingtheentirevisibleskyeverythreenights.Almostimmediately,theyfoundsomethingthatsentoutaradioflashevery21minutes.Atfirstglance,itlookedsimilartothepreviouslydiscoveredobject.Butoncetheteambegantodigthroughdataforadditionalpulsesfromthissource,namedGPMJ1839-10,theobjectonlyseemedmoreperplexing.Unlikethefirststar,thesignalofJ1839-10wasdetectedoverdecades.Fornow,researchersassumebothobjectsarethesame.Butwhywouldoneflashforthreemonthsandtheotherfor33yearsandcounting?“Idon’tknow,”saysHurley-Walker.“That’stheproblem.”8.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthetwonewlydiscoveredstars?A.TheyweremadepublicinNaturethismonth.B.Theysendoutshortradiowavesevery20minutes.C.Theymoveattheslowestspeedofallknownstars.D.Theyareunlikethestarsastronomershaveseenbefore.9.Howoftendoknownmagnetarssendoutapulse?A.Everyfewseconds. B.Every18minutes.C.Every20minutes. D.Every21minutes.10.Whatdrovescientiststolookforthesecondstar?A.Radiowavesresearchproject. B.Strangefeaturesofthefirststar.C.Thegovernment’sguidanceprogram. D.Theassumptionofthemagnetartheories.11.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“perplexing”underlinedinparagraph4?A.Appealing. B.Challenging.C.Unaccountable. D.Unacceptable.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們對(duì)兩顆新發(fā)現(xiàn)的恒星感到困惑以及這兩顆恒星各自存在的難以理解之處。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thismeanstheymovemuchmoreslowly,andtheyhaveothercharacteristicsthatastronomerscan’texplain.(這意味著它們的移動(dòng)速度要慢得多，而且它們還有其他一些天文學(xué)家無法解釋的特征)”可推知，這兩顆新發(fā)現(xiàn)的恒星與專家們所了解的現(xiàn)有星體都是不同的。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Buttheobject,withthenameGLEAM-XJ162759.5-523504.3,sentoutapulseevery18minutesinsteadofeveryfewsecondslikeknownmagnetars.(但這顆名為GLEAM-XJ162759.5-523504.3的天體每18分鐘發(fā)出一次脈沖，而不是像已知的磁陀星那樣每幾秒鐘發(fā)出一次脈沖)”可知，已知的磁陀星每幾秒鐘發(fā)射一次脈沖。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ItalsohadnoX-raysignalassociatedwiththeradioemission(發(fā)射),whichdoesn’tfitwithmagnetartheories.Andstrangely,theobject’smagneticfieldwaslikelymuchstrongerthanpreviouslyseen.Sothescientistsbeganlookingforothersimilarobjects.(它也沒有與射電發(fā)射相關(guān)的X射線信號(hào)，這與磁星理論不符。奇怪的是，這個(gè)物體的磁場(chǎng)可能比之前看到的要強(qiáng)得多。因此，科學(xué)家們開始尋找其他類似的物體)”可知，第一顆星星的種種奇怪特征促使科學(xué)家們決定尋找類似的星體。故選B。【11題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Buttheobject,withthenameGLEAM-XJ162759.5-523504.3,sentoutapulseevery18minutesinsteadofeveryfewsecondslikeknownmagnetars.(但這顆名為GLEAM-XJ162759.5-523504.3的天體每18分鐘發(fā)出一次脈沖，而不是像已知的磁星那樣每幾秒鐘發(fā)出一次脈沖)”；第三段“Andstrangely,theobject’smagneticfieldwaslikelymuchstrongerthanpreviouslyseen.(奇怪的是，這個(gè)物體的磁場(chǎng)可能比之前看到的要強(qiáng)得多)”以及劃線詞上文“theobjectonlyseemedmore”可知，前文中介紹了第一顆發(fā)現(xiàn)的新星的種種難以理解之處，根據(jù)該詞前面的修飾詞more可以推知，第二顆新發(fā)現(xiàn)的星星是更加無法用現(xiàn)有知識(shí)解釋的。故畫線詞義與Unaccountable最接近，表示“難以理解的”。故選C。DScientistshavemappedoutoceanic“deadzones”fromthePliocene,about5.3to2.6millionyearsago,whenEarth’stemperaturewastwotothreedegreeshigherthantoday.ThiscouldofferinsightintothefuturelocationsandeffectsoflowoxygenareasinawarmerEarth’soceans.Oxygenminimumzones,orOMZs,areregionsintheoceanwithloweroxygenlevelsinthemid-waterstosupportmarine(海洋的)life.Thesedeadzonesplayanimportantroleintheocean’soverallhealth.“Theirlocationsshowwherecarbonandnitrogen(氮)areavailableintheocean—sothey’reimportantdriversofnutrientcycles,”saysCatherineDavis,assistantprofessoratNorthCarolinaStateUniversity.BeingabletopredictthelocationofOMZsisimportantnotonlyforunderstandingnutrientcyclingbutalsobecauseoftheireffectsonmarinelife.Oceanicdeadzonesrestricttherangeofanimalstotheshallowsurfaceoceanwhereoxygenismoreplentiful.DavisandhercolleagueswantedtofigureouthowawarmerclimatemightimpactfutureOMZs.SotheylookedtothePliocene,whentheEarth’satmosphericCO2levelswereclosetowhattheyarenow.“Thisisthefirstglobalspatialreconstructionofoxygenminimumzonesinthepast,”Davissays.“Andit’sinlinewithwhatwe’realreadyseeingintheAtlanticintermsofloweroxygenlevels.Warmerwaterholdslessoxygen.ThisdeadzonemapfromthePliocenecouldgiveusinsightintowhattheAtlanticmightlooklike100yearsfromnow.”WhatwouldafuturewithmuchlessoxygenintheAtlanticmean?AccordingtoDavis,itcouldhaveabigimpactoneverythingfromcarbonstorageandnutrientcyclingintheoceantohowfisheriesandmarinespeciesaremanaged.“OMZsactasa‘floor’formarine—animalstheyarepushedtothesurface,”Davissays.“Sofishermenmaysuddenlyseealotoffish,butitdoesn’tmeanthatthereareactuallymorethannormal—they’rejustbeingforcedintoasmallerspace.”FisherieswillneedtotaketheeffectsofOMZsintoaccountwhenmanagingpopulations.12.WhatdoesCatherineDavissayaboutOMZs?A.Theyhavelowercarbonlevels. B.Theymayaffecttheocean’shealth.C.TheymakeEarth’stemperaturehigher. D.Theyhavethehighestoxygenlevels.13.HowdoOMZsbenefitmarinelife?A.Theyoffermoreoxygen.B.Theymaketheclimatemorepleasant.C.Theydriveanimalstoareaswithmoreoxygen.D.Theyattractmorescientiststoresearchtheocean.14.WhichfieldismostprobablyinfluencedbyOMZs?A.Fishing. B.Farming.C.Education. D.Travel.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ScientistsHaveMappedFutureOceansB.AnimalsintheOceanWillBenefitfromOMZsC.“DeadZones”intheOldTimesWillAppearAgainD.MapofAncientOcean“DeadZones”CouldPredictFutureOcean【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。介紹了科學(xué)家門繪制出了上新世的海洋OMZs，從而去推測(cè)大西洋100年后的樣子，以及未來大西洋里的氧氣少得多意味著什么?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段““Theirlocationsshowwherecarbonandnitrogen(氮)areavailableintheocean—sothey’reimportantdriversofnutrientcycles,”saysCatherineDavis,assistantprofessoratNorthCarolinaStateUniversity.(北卡羅萊納州立大學(xué)助理教授凱瑟琳·戴維斯說：“它們的位置顯示了海洋中碳和氮的可用性——所以它們是營(yíng)養(yǎng)循環(huán)的重要驅(qū)動(dòng)力?！?”可推斷，海洋中低氧地區(qū)對(duì)于海洋中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)循環(huán)是很關(guān)鍵的，可能影響海洋的健康。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“BeingabletopredictthelocationofOMZsisimportantnotonlyforunderstandingnutrientcyclingbutalsobecauseoftheireffectsonmarinelife.Oceanicdeadzonesrestricttherangeofanimalstotheshallowsurfaceoceanwhereoxygenismoreplentiful.(能夠預(yù)測(cè)OMZs的位置不僅對(duì)了解營(yíng)養(yǎng)循環(huán)很重要，而且對(duì)海洋生物的影響也很重要。海洋死亡區(qū)將動(dòng)物的活動(dòng)范圍限制在氧氣更豐富的淺海表面)”可知，這些低氧地區(qū)的存在可以讓動(dòng)物們主要活動(dòng)在氧氣比較充足的淺水區(qū)，從而有利于海洋生命的生存。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段““Sofishermenmaysuddenlyseealotoffish,butitdoesn’tmeanthatthereareactuallymorethannormal—they’rejustbeingforcedintoasmallerspace.”FisherieswillneedtotaketheeffectsofOMZsintoaccountwhenmanagingpopulations.(“所以漁民可能會(huì)突然看到很多魚，但這并不意味著實(shí)際上比正常情況下更多——他們只是被迫進(jìn)入一個(gè)更小的空間?！睗O業(yè)在管理種群時(shí)需要考慮到海洋保護(hù)區(qū)的影響)”可推斷，漁業(yè)最有可能受到OMZs的影響。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistshavemappedoutoceanic“deadzones”fromthePliocene,about5.3to2.6millionyearsago,whenEarth’stemperaturewastwotothreedegreeshigherthantoday.ThiscouldofferinsightintothefuturelocationsandeffectsoflowoxygenareasinawarmerEarth’soceans.(科學(xué)家們繪制出了上新世的海洋“死亡區(qū)”，大約在530萬到260萬年前，當(dāng)時(shí)地球的溫度比現(xiàn)在高2到3度。這可以讓我們深入了解未來地球海洋中低氧區(qū)域的位置和影響)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“ThisdeadzonemapfromthePliocenecouldgiveusinsightintowhattheAtlanticmightlooklike100yearsfromnow.(這張上新世的死亡區(qū)地圖可以讓我們了解100年后大西洋的樣子)”可知，本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家繪制了古代海洋中的低氧區(qū)域的地圖，通過這張地圖可以對(duì)未來100年后海洋的狀況進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)，所以D項(xiàng)“MapofAncientOcean“DeadZones”CouldPredictFutureOcean(古代海洋“死亡區(qū)”地圖可以預(yù)測(cè)未來的海洋)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Anyonewithastorytotellcanwriteabook,eitherfortheirownenjoymentortopublishforalltosee.Thefollowingaresometipstohelpyou.Understandwhyyou’rewritingabook.Beforeyoustartwritingoreventhinkingaboutyourbook,behonestwithyourselfaboutyourreasonsforwritingit.___16___?Ordoyousimplyhaveagreatstorythatyouwanttosharewiththeworld?___17___There’snooneidealworkspaceforeverywriter.Somepreferaquietroom,whileothersworkbestinacoffeeshop.Also,makesurethattheplaceyouchooseworkswithyourpreferredwritingmedium.Ifyouwanttowriteonadesktop,makesuretohaveasuitabledesknearby.___18___.That’sbecauseit’seasytolosefocusifyourbackaches.Establishdailyandweeklywritinggoals.Insteadofhopingtoproducetenpagesatatime,trysettingagoaltowriteonepageeachday.Setyourwritinggoalbasedonyourwritingspeedandanyspecificdeadlines.___19___Getfeedbackoften.Youmighthaveagroupoffellowwriters,friendsorfamilymemberswithwhomyoucanshareyourworksinprogress.Itislikelythatyou’llgothroughmanyroundsoffeedbackandrevisionsbeforeyourbookispublished.___20___—it’sallpartoftheprocessofwritingthebestbookyoucan!A.Don’tgetdiscouragedB.ChooseaworkspacethatworksforyouC.IsitnecessarytofurtheryoureducationD.Andtrynottochangeitafteryou’vesetitE.BreakyourbigideaintomanageablepiecesF.DoyoudreamofseeingyournameonabookcoverG.Atthesametime,remembertopickasupportivechair【答案】16.F17.B18.G19.D20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要提出了幾點(diǎn)關(guān)于如何寫書的建議。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Beforeyoustartwritingoreventhinkingaboutyourbook,behonestwithyourselfaboutyourreasonsforwritingit.(在你開始寫作甚至思考你的書之前，誠(chéng)實(shí)地告訴自己寫這本書的原因。)”和后文“Ordoyousimplyhaveagreatstorythatyouwanttosharewiththeworld?(或者你只是有一個(gè)偉大的故事想與世界分享？)”可知，空處應(yīng)和下一句并列，講述寫書的原因，且應(yīng)該為疑問句，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Doyoudreamofseeingyournameonabookcover(你夢(mèng)想在書的封面上看到你的名字嗎)”符合題意。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“There’snooneidealworkspaceforeverywriter.Somepreferaquietroom,whileothersworkbestinacoffeeshop.Also,makesurethattheplaceyouchooseworkswithyourpreferredwritingmedium.(沒有一個(gè)理想的工作空間適合每個(gè)作家。有些人喜歡安靜的房間，而另一些人最好在咖啡館工作。此外，確保你選擇的地方適合你喜歡的寫作媒介。)”可知，這里講述的應(yīng)是如何選擇合適的寫作場(chǎng)所，B項(xiàng)“Chooseaworkspacethatworksforyou(選擇一個(gè)適合你的工作場(chǎng)所)”符合題意。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Ifyouwanttowriteonadesktop,makesuretohaveasuitabledesknearby.(如果你想在桌面上寫字，一定要在附近有一張合適的桌子。)”和后文“That’sbecauseit’seasytolosefocusifyourbackaches.(這是因?yàn)槿绻愕谋巢刻弁?，很容易失去注意力?”可知，上文講述了要選擇桌子，下文講述了背痛會(huì)讓你失去注意力，由此可知，空處應(yīng)補(bǔ)充講述如何選擇讓背部舒適的座椅，G項(xiàng)“Atthesametime,remembertopickasupportivechair(同時(shí)，記得選擇一把支撐椅)”符合題意。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段首句“Establishdailyandweeklywritinggoals.(設(shè)定每日及每周的寫作目標(biāo)。)”和空前“Setyourwritinggoalbasedonyourwritingspeedandanyspecificdeadlines.(根據(jù)你的寫作速度和任何特定的截止日期設(shè)定你的寫作目標(biāo)。)”可知，空處應(yīng)總結(jié)前文，講述設(shè)置完目標(biāo)后就不要輕易更改，D項(xiàng)“Andtrynottochangeitafteryou’vesetit(設(shè)置后盡量不要更改它)”符合題意。故選D。【20題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Itislikelythatyou’llgothroughmanyroundsoffeedbackandrevisionsbeforeyourbookispublished.(在你的書出版之前，你很可能會(huì)經(jīng)歷多輪的反饋和修訂。)”和空后的“it’sallpartoftheprocessofwritingthebestbookyoucan!(這是你盡力寫最好的書的過程的一部分！)”可知，在出書之前會(huì)有多次反饋和修訂，這是打磨作品必經(jīng)之路，所以空處應(yīng)是說在這種情況下不要泄氣，A項(xiàng)“Don’tgetdiscouraged(不要?dú)怵H)”符合題意。故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Sarkarisananotechnologist(納米技術(shù)專家)andassistantprofessoratMIT.Sheisconductingherresearchonbraindiseasesthat____21____themindsofmillionsofpeopleworldwide.BorninKolkata,India,Sarkarcreditsbothofherparentsasearly____22____.Hercourageasaresearchercomesfromher____23____,whoasayoungwomanwentagainstsocialnorms(常態(tài))inhervillageby____24____tofundherowneducation.Meanwhile,Sarkar’sfatherinspiredherinterestin____25____.Sarkarrecallsherfatherfindingtimeforhis____26____,fashioningdevicestomakehomelifemore____27____,includinganelectricity-freewashingmachine.“Thatgotmevery____28____inscienceandtechnology,”Sarkarsays.After____29____abachelor’sdegreeinelectricalengineeringfromtheIndianInstituteofTechnologyDhanbad,Sarkar_____30_____Californiatostudynanoelectronics.There,shetestednewwaysto_____31_____nanodevicesthatcouldreducetheamountof_____32_____consumedbycomputersandothereverydayelectronics._____33_____,shemadeabreakthroughbydevelopingastandoutnanodevice.Alongtheway,Sarkarbecamefascinatedwiththe_____34_____,whichshecalls“thelowestenergycomputer”.Shehopestoputnanodevicesbetweenhumanneurons(神經(jīng)細(xì)胞)toimprovethecomputingspeedoftheprocessorinourbrains,“Ourbrainsare_____35_____,butwecouldbebetterthanwhatweare,”shesays.21.A.enrich B.read C.affect D.poison22.A.birds B.researchers C.failures D.inspirations23.A.aunt B.mother C.sister D.grandmother24.A.working B.pretending C.refusing D.waiting25.A.politics B.history C.engineering D.sport26.A.job B.holiday C.discomfort D.passion27.A.complex B.convenient C.peaceful D.meaningful28.A.interested B.honest C.lucky D.disappointed29.A.starting B.earning C.needing D.introducing30.A.adaptedto B.relatedto C.headedto D.belongedto31.A.create B.fix C.operate D.sell32.A.water B.money C.power D.time33.A.Unfortunately B.Immediately C.Obviously D.Eventually34.A.computer B.brain C.exercise D.fashion35.A.empty B.busy C.relaxed D.remarkable【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.C26.D27.B28.A29.B30.C31.A32.C33.D34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹的是納米技術(shù)專家薩卡爾的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷以及所取得的成就?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她正在研究影響全世界數(shù)百萬人思想的腦部疾病。A.enrich使……豐富；B.read讀；C.affect影響；D.poison毒害。根據(jù)“Sheisconductingherresearchonbraindiseases”及“themindsofmillionsofpeopleworldwide”可知，這種疾病正在影響數(shù)百萬人的大腦。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：薩卡爾出生于印度加爾各答，她認(rèn)為父母是她早年的靈感來源。A.birds鳥；B.researchers研究者；C.failures失??；D.inspirations啟發(fā)。根據(jù)“Sarkarcreditsbothofherparentsasearly”及下文“Meanwhile,Sarkar’sfatherinspiredherinterest”可知，薩卡爾認(rèn)為父母是她早期的靈感來源，給了她啟發(fā)。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她作為研究人員的勇氣來自于她的母親，她年輕時(shí)違背了她所在村莊的社會(huì)規(guī)范，努力工作為自己的教育提供資金。A.aunt阿姨；B.mother母親；C.sister姐妹；D.grandmother奶奶。根據(jù)“whoasayoungwomanwentagainstsocialnorms(常態(tài))inhervillageby________tofundherowneducation”可知，這一句描述薩卡爾的母親在年輕時(shí)做的事情。故選B項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她作為研究人員的勇氣來自于她的母親，她年輕時(shí)違背了她所在村莊的社會(huì)規(guī)范，努力為自己的教育提供資金。A.working工作；B.pretending假裝；C.refusing拒絕；D.waiting等待。根據(jù)“tofundherowneducation”可知，薩卡爾的母親在年輕時(shí)違背社會(huì)規(guī)范，努力工作為自己的教育提供資金。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時(shí)，薩卡爾的父親激發(fā)了她對(duì)工程學(xué)的興趣。A.politics政治；B.history歷史；C.engineering工程；D.sport運(yùn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“includinganelectricity-freewashingmachine.”及“After________abachelor’sdegreeinelectricalengineeringfromtheIndianInstituteofTechnologyDhanbad”可知，父親讓薩卡爾喜歡上了工程學(xué)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：薩卡爾回憶說，她的父親騰出時(shí)間來實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的愛好，制作各種設(shè)備，讓家庭生活更方便，其中包括一臺(tái)免電洗衣機(jī)。A.job工作；B.holiday假日；C.discomfort不舒適；D.passion熱情，愛好。根據(jù)“fashioningdevicestomakehomelifemore________,includinganelectricity-freewashingmachine.”可知，父親會(huì)騰出時(shí)間來研究自己的愛好。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：薩卡爾回憶說，她的父親騰出時(shí)間來實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的愛好，制作各種設(shè)備，讓家庭生活更方便，其中包括一臺(tái)免電洗衣機(jī)。A.complex復(fù)雜的；B.convenient方便的；C.peaceful和平的；D.meaningful有意義的。根據(jù)“fashioningdevicestomakehomelifemore”可知，父親制作設(shè)備是為了讓家庭生活更方便。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這讓我對(duì)科學(xué)技術(shù)產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣?！盨arkar說。A.interested感興趣的；B.honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)上文“Sarkar’sfatherinspiredherinterestin________.”可知，父親影響了薩卡爾在科技上的興趣。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：薩卡爾從印度理工學(xué)院獲得電氣工程學(xué)士學(xué)位后，前往加州學(xué)習(xí)納米電子學(xué)。A.starting開始；B.earning賺，獲得；C.needing需要；D.introducing介紹。根據(jù)“Sarkar________Californiatostudynanoelectronics.”可知，薩卡爾在印度獲得了學(xué)位后，繼續(xù)去美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)電子學(xué)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：薩卡爾從印度理工學(xué)院獲得電氣工程學(xué)士學(xué)位后，前往加州學(xué)習(xí)納米電子學(xué)。A.adaptedto適應(yīng)；B.relatedto與……相關(guān)；C.headedto前往；D.belongedto屬于。根據(jù)“After________abachelor’sdegreeinelectricalengineeringfromtheIndianInstituteofTec