山東省2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月第一次備考監(jiān)測大聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月第一次備考監(jiān)測大聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C.1．Howmuchmoneydothespeakershaveinall?A．$18．B．$28．C．$38．2．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Librarianandborrower.B．Customerandsalesman.C．Fatheranddaughter.3．Whenwillthespeakersgettherefortheconcert?A．At6:00pm.B．At7:00pm.C．At7:30pm.4．Whatwasthematterwiththemanthatday?A．Hedrovethroughheavytraffic.B．Hiscarbrokedownonhiswayhome.C．Hedrovecarelesslyandgotatrafficticket.5．Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow?A．Howlongthemanwillbeaway.B．Whyshecan’tgowiththeman.C．WhenthemanisgoingtoChicago.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Hudson’smother?A．Shewenttoseehersonlastnight.B．Shewasaschoolmaster.C．Shewasill.7．WhoisMr.Hudsonworriedabouttodayaccordingtothewoman?A．Hismother.B．Hisson’sschoolmaster.C．Hisson.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．WhatdobothMaryandPaulhaveforbreakfast?A．Hamandoranges.B．Breadandeggs.C．Breadandbutter.9．WheredoesPaulprobablycomefrom?A．Britain.B．China.C．America.10．Wheredoesthewomanoftenhavelunch?A．Inadininghall.B．Inheroffice.C．Inherkitchen.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．WhywillthewomangotoNewYork?A．Tojoininamusiccamp.B．Toperformataconcert.C．Tovisitherfriend.12．HowwillthewomangotoNewYork?A．Bytrain.B．Byplane.C．Bycar.13．WhatisthewomanandLaura’scommoninterest?A．Travel.B．Study.C．Music.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Wheredidthewomanfindtheteapot?A．Nearthevillagegate.B．Inthesportsground.C．Inashop.15．Whatdidthewomanfindunderthetree?A．Amedicinebottle.B．Somecoins.C．Ametalhorse.16．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Theirhobbies.B．Somethingsfoundbythewoman.C．Someplacestheyexploredtogether.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．WhatkindofpersondidClemente’sparentswanthimtobe?A．Honestandkind.B．Friendlyandselfless.C．Independentandhonorable.18．WhichsportdidClementelovemost?A．Basketball.B．Baseball.C．Football.19．WhichteamdidClementechoosetosignwithafterhighschool?A．AlocalteamofPuertoRico.B．Ateamthatofferedhim30,000dollars.C．TheBrooklynDodgersofAmerica.20．HowoldwasClementewhenhedied?A．34yearsold.B．38yearsold.C．72yearsold.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWithmorethan400nationalparksacrosstheUSinthesystemofNationalParkService(NPS),fewerthanone-thirdofthemchargeentrancefees.Thefee-freedaysprovideagreatopportunitytovisitanewplaceoranoldfavorite,likeOlympicNationalParkorGreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark.Formorefun,visitorscancampinoneofthepark’scampgrounds.Mostcampingsitescostlessthan$30anight,andevenapackageofhotdogsareabargain.Spendingtimeoutdoorsisgoodforyourmindandbody.Fromhikingtosittingonabeautifulbeach,timeinthenationalparkscanbesomeofthebestdaysofyouryear.Everyyear,NPSoffersfreedaysduringwhichvisitorscanenterforfree.Nowreadonthefollowinglistbeforeyougo.ThingsToKnowBeforeYouGo?Sincenationalparksarepopulardestinationsduringsummerandholidays,makeroomreservationsasearlyaspossible,Visitorscanbookrooms13monthsinadvance.?Parkingcanbeaproblematpopulardestinationsduringthemiddleoftheday.?Keepaneyeonyourchildrenatalltimes.?Fee-freedaysdonotcoveruserfeeslikecamping,boatlaunches,parkingfeesorspecialtourfees.FreeEntranceDaysDateMartinLutherKing,Jr.DayMonday,January15FirstDayofNationalParkWeekSaturday.April20JuneteenthNationalIndependenceDayWednesday,June19AnniversaryoftheGreatAmericanOutdoorsActSunday,August4NationalPublicLandsDaySaturday.September28VeteransDayMonday,November111.WhatdoweknowaboutthenationalparksintheUS?A.Theyaremostlycost-freetoenter. B.Theircampingsitescostover$30anight.C.Theydon’tchargeparkingfees. D.Theirparksarefreeallyearround.2.Whatshouldvisitorsknowbeforetheygotothenationalparks?A.Campingfeesareincludedallthetime. B.Thetimeforbookingroomsistoolimited.C.It’seasytoparkattheattractionsanytime. D.Kidsshouldbewatchedallthetime.3.WhichbestsuitsthefamilythatwantsafreeMondayouting?A.NationalPublicLandsDay. B.MartinLutherKing,Jr.Day.C.FirstDayofNationalParkWeek. D.JuneteenthNationalIndependenceDay.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。美國國家公園系統(tǒng)中有400多個公園，部分公園免費開放，文章介紹了去公園前需知事項及免費開放日期?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Withmorethan400nationalparksacrosstheUSinthesystemofNationalParkService(NPS),fewerthanone-thirdofthemchargeentrancefees.(美國國家公園管理局(NPS)系統(tǒng)中有400多個國家公園，其中不到三分之一收取入場費。)”可知，大部分的美國國家公園是可免費進入的。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThingsToKnowBeforeYouGo部分的“Keepaneyeonyourchildrenatalltimes.(時刻注意你的孩子。)”可知，游客須時刻看護好自己的孩子。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章表格第二行“MartinLutherKing,Jr.DayMonday,January15(馬丁·路德·金紀(jì)念日1月15日，星期一)”可知，MartinLutherKing,Jr.Day最適合周一出游的家庭。故選B項。BThreeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.Anelderlywoman,standingbyheropentrunkfullofgroceries,askedhimtohelpher.Hehelpedhergettheminside.“Walkinghome,Irealizedmyheartfeelinglighterforthefirsttimeinweeks,”Sathersays.Hemadeadecisionnottoclosehimselfoff,butperformkindnesseverydayforhiscommunity.Satherstartssmall.Heoncenoticedhisneighbor’sfencewasdamagedandwantedtofixit,buthedidn’tknowhow.“Lackofknowledgedidn’tstopme!”hesays.“Ilearnedonline,boughtahammerandsomenails,andrepairedit.”Asthemovementhasgrown,sohaveSather’sresponsibilities.Hededicatesseveralhourseachdaytofindingwaystoserveothers—cleaningupthecommunityorassistingelderlyneighborswithyardworkandothertasks.“Servingothersisn’talwaysfun,”Sathersays.“It’shardworktoremaincommittedtospreadingkindnessthroughservingothers.Butevenonthetoughestdays,seeingthesmilesonmyneighbors’facesmakesitworthwhile.”“Thinkofsomethingthateveryonecomplainsaboutandthengodoit,”Satherrecommends.Analleynearhishouse,forexample,wasconstantlyfilledwithtrash.Neighborstalkedabouthowmuchtheyhatedit,yetnoonedidanythingaboutit.Satherspentseveralhoursdailyfortwoweekscleaningit.“WhenIwasdone,Isawincreasedjoyandprideinourneighborhood,”Sathersays.Sevenmonthslater,thealleyisstillclean.Satheroftenseesneighborscheckingonit,pickinguplingeringgarbageorcuttingbackweeds.“Startsmall.You’llbeamazedatyourimpact,”saysSather.4.WhatpulledSatheroutofthestateofbeingseparate?A.Thepositiveimpactoftheclassonhim. B.Theelderlylady’spracticalsuggestions.C.Thetimelykindnessfromthecommunity. D.Thesenseofachievementfrombeinghelpful.5.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.HowSatherfeltabouthisbehaviour. B.HowSatherhelpsthecommunity.C.WhySatherfindswaystoserveothers. D.WhatSatherneededtofixhisneighbor’sfence.6.WhatcanwelearnfromSather’sstory?A.Doinggoodstartswithourselves. B.Worktogethertohelptheelderly.C.Beingproudhelpstoserveothers. D.Helpotherstomakethemstronger.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Hissearchforthesimplestjoy B.Hispursuitofthecommunity’shappinessC.Hehealedhispainwithactsofkindness D.Hechangedthecommunitywithhisefforts【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Sather在經(jīng)歷個人困境后，決定通過為社區(qū)做好事來改變自己的心態(tài)和生活，進而產(chǎn)生了積極的社會影響這一故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Threeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.(三年前，岡薩加大學(xué)的學(xué)生SatherGowdy經(jīng)歷了分手。隨后，他的兩位密友也相繼離世。因此，Sather變得封閉起來，避免外出。)”第二段“EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.Anelderlywoman,standingbyheropentrunkfullofgroceries,askedhimtohelpher.Hehelpedhergettheminside.“Walkinghome,Irealizedmyheartfeelinglighterforthefirsttimeinweeks,”Sathersays.Hemadeadecisionnottoclosehimselfoff,butperformkindnesseverydayforhiscommunity.(一天，當(dāng)Sather下課回家時，一切發(fā)生了改變。一位老婦人站在她裝滿雜貨的后備箱旁，請求他幫忙。他幫她把東西搬進了屋里?！白咴诨丶业穆飞?，我意識到我的心情幾周以來第一次變得輕松了，”Sather說。他決定不再封閉自己，而是每天為社區(qū)做好事。)”可知，Sather在經(jīng)歷分手和密友離世后變得封閉，但有一天他幫助了一位老婦人搬運雜貨，這次經(jīng)歷讓他心情變得輕松，并決定不再封閉自己，而是每天為社區(qū)做好事。因此，是幫助他人這一行為帶來的正面情感和成就感讓他擺脫了封閉的狀態(tài)。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Satherstartssmall.Heoncenoticedhisneighbor’sfencewasdamagedandwantedtofixit,buthedidn’tknowhow.“Lackofknowledgedidn’tstopme!”hesays.“Ilearnedonline,boughtahammerandsomenails,andrepairedit.”Asthemovementhasgrown,sohaveSather’sresponsibilities.Hededicatesseveralhourseachdaytofindingwaystoserveothers—cleaningupthecommunityorassistingelderlyneighborswithyardworkandothertasks.(Sather從小事做起。有一次，他注意到鄰居的籬笆壞了，想把它修好，但不知道該怎么做?！爸R的缺乏并沒有阻止我！”他說，“我在網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)，買了錘子和釘子，然后把它修好了?！彪S著這項行動的發(fā)展，Sather的責(zé)任也越來越大。他每天花費數(shù)小時尋找服務(wù)他人的方法——清理社區(qū)或幫助老年鄰居做園藝和其他工作。)”可知，第三段主要講述了Sather如何幫助社區(qū)，如清理社區(qū)或幫助老年鄰居做園藝和其他工作。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了Sather經(jīng)歷了個人困境后，通過為社區(qū)做好事來改變自己的心態(tài)和生活。他從小事做起，如修理鄰居的籬笆，逐漸發(fā)展到每天花費數(shù)小時尋找服務(wù)他人的方法。這個過程表明，Sather的善行是從他自身開始的，他通過自己的行動影響了社區(qū)，帶來了正面的變化。選項A“Doinggoodstartswithourselves.(做好事從我們自己開始)”與Sather的故事相符，他通過自己的努力和行動，從小事做起，逐漸產(chǎn)生了更大的影響。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Threeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.(三年前，岡薩加大學(xué)的學(xué)生SatherGowdy經(jīng)歷了分手。隨后，他的兩位密友也相繼離世。因此，Sather變得封閉起來，避免外出。)”第二段“EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.(一天，當(dāng)Sather下課回家時，一切發(fā)生了改變。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了Sather在經(jīng)歷個人困境后，通過為社區(qū)做好事來改變自己的心態(tài)和生活，從而逐漸走出傷痛的故事。選項C“Hehealedhispainwithactsofkindness(他用善行治愈了傷痛)”準(zhǔn)確地捕捉到了文章的核心內(nèi)容，即Sather通過為社區(qū)做好事來治愈自己因個人困境而產(chǎn)生的傷痛。故選C。CAstudyledbyUCRiverside(UCR)atmosphericscientistspredictsthatuncheckedcarbonemissions(排放物)willforcetropicalrainstoshiftnorthwardinthecomingdecades,whichwouldprofoundlyimpacttheregionsneartheEarth'sequator.Thenorthwardrainshiftiscausedbycomplexatmosphericchanges.Thesechangesaredrivenbycarbonemissions,whichinturninfluencetheformationoftropicalconvergence(匯集)zones.Thosezonesareessentiallyatmosphericenginesthatdriveaboutathirdoftheworld’srainfall,whichAntonyP.Thomas,aprofessorofclimatechangeandsustainabilityatUCRreportedinapaperpublishedinthejournalNatureClimateChange.Tropicalregionsoneithersidetheequator,suchascentralAfricannations,northernSouthAmerica,andPacificislandstateswouldbethemostaffected.Majorcropsintheseregionsincludecoffee,cocoa,palmoil,bananas,sugarcane,tea,mangoes,andpineapples.Tropicalrainforestscanhaveasmuchas14feetofrainayear.“Therainfallchangeisenormous,”Antonysaid.“It'saveryheavyrainfallregion.So,asmallshiftwillcausebigchangesintheeconomyofthesocieties.Itwillaffectmanyregions.”Antonyandhiscolleaguesusedadvancedcomputermodelstopredicttheatmosphericinfluenceofcarbondioxideemissionsfromcontinuedburningoffossilfuelsandothersources.”Thisclimatemodelincludedmanycomponentsoftheatmosphere,ocean,seaice,andland.Allthesecomponentsareinteractingwitheachother,”hesaid.“Basically,wetrytosimulatetherealworld.Inthemodel,wecanincreaseourcarbondioxideemissionsfrompre-industriallevelstomuchhigherlevels.”Theanalysisaccountedforhowcarbonemissionsinfluencetheamountofradiantenergyatthetopofatmosphere.Italsoconsideredthechangesinseaice,watervaporandcloudformation.Theseandotherfactorsresultedinconditionsthatpushtherain-formingconvergencezonesnorthwardbyasmuchas0.2degreesonaverage.8.Whatmaybethemaincauseoftherainshift?A.Therainforests. B.Carbonemissions.C.TheEarth'sequator. D.Economicgrowth.9.HowdoesAntonyfeelabouttherainshift?A.Confused. B.Grateful. C.Worried. D.Indifferent.10.Whichwordcanbestdescribethestudy?A.Comprehensive. B.Widespread. C.Fruitful. D.Historic.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Therainshiftisunrelatedtohumanactivities.B.Therainshiftthreatensequatorialagriculture.C.Thestudy’scomputermodelswerenotpreciseenough.D.Theimpactoftherainshiftwillbelimitedtoremoteareas.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章講述一項研究預(yù)測，不受控制的碳排放將迫使熱帶降雨在未來幾十年內(nèi)向北移動，將對地球赤道附近的地區(qū)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thesechangesaredrivenbycarbonemissions,whichinturninfluencetheformationoftropicalconvergence(匯集)zones.(這些變化是由碳排放驅(qū)動的，而碳排放反過來又影響熱帶輻合帶的形成。)”可知，雨帶的移動主要是由碳排放引起的。故選B。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的““Therainfallchangeisenormous,”Antonysaid.“It’saveryheavyrainfallregion.So,asmallshiftwillcausebigchangesintheeconomyofthesocieties.Itwillaffectmanyregions.”(“降雨量變化很大，”安東尼說?！斑@是一個雨量非常大的地區(qū)。所以，一個小的轉(zhuǎn)變會引起社會經(jīng)濟的大變化。它將影響許多地區(qū)。”)可知，安東尼認(rèn)為一個小小的轉(zhuǎn)變會導(dǎo)致社會經(jīng)濟的巨大變化。它將影響許多地區(qū)。因此推斷Antony對雨帶的移動感到擔(dān)憂。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Antonyandhiscolleaguesusedadvancedcomputermodelstopredicttheatmosphericinfluenceofcarbondioxideemissionsfromcontinuedburningoffossilfuelsandothersources.”Thisclimatemodelincludedmanycomponentsoftheatmosphere,ocean,seaice,andland.(安東尼和他的同事使用先進的計算機模型來預(yù)測持續(xù)燃燒化石燃料和其他來源產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳排放對大氣的影響。這個氣候模型包括了大氣、海洋、海冰和陸地的許多組成部分。)”可知，研究使用了“先進的計算機模型”以及考慮了多個影響因素,可見這項研究是全面的。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Tropicalregionsoneithersidetheequator,suchascentralAfricannations,northernSouthAmerica,andPacificislandstateswouldbethemostaffected.Majorcropsintheseregionsincludecoffee,cocoa,palmoil,bananas,sugarcane,tea,mangoes,andpineapples.(赤道兩側(cè)的熱帶地區(qū)，如中非國家、南美洲北部和太平洋島國，將受到最嚴(yán)重的影響。這些地區(qū)的主要作物包括咖啡、可可、棕櫚油、香蕉、甘蔗、茶、芒果和菠蘿。)”可知，熱帶地區(qū)主要農(nóng)作物可能受影響，說明雨帶的移動威脅了赤道地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)。故選B。DEngineerKerstinG?pfrichbuildsmachines.Butratherthanbuildingmetaldevices,shemakestinyonestoworkinsideourcells.G?pfrichleadsaresearchgroupfocusingonthe“engineeringoflife”attheMaxPlanckInstituteforMedicalResearchinHeidelberg,Germany.Ourcellsarealreadyfullofnature-mademachinescarryingoutthedailytasksofliving.Manyareproteins.Butsometimesournaturalprotein-machinesdon’tworkright.Brokenbiomachinerycausesmanydiseases,Soscientistsareconsideringhowtheymightfixfaultyproteins.Theymightwireupartificialnervestoreplacedamagedones.Andthepotentialforsuchdevicesgoesbeyondmakingrepairs.Scientistsarelookingathowtogivecellsnewabilities,hopingthatbydevelopingenoughnovelbiomachines,theymightmakenewformsoflife.Soifaproteinisfaulty,whynotmakeanewoneinthelab?BackwhenFrankieRawsonwasastudent,heaskedhisteachersthat.NowananotechnologistattheUniversityofNottinghaminEngland,Rawsonhasansweredhisownquestion,“Itturnsoutthatwe’renotverygoodatartificiallyre-creatingwhatbiologydoes.”BiologistslikeRawsonandG?pfrichfoundaworkaround.They’recreatingnanomachinesthatdothesamejobsasproteins.Withtherightdesign,thesenanomachinescandosoeasieratlesscost.Theyalsocanbemorestableusingfeweringredients.Tobuildthem,researchersworkwithmanytypesofmaterials.Rawsonusescarbonnanotubes.G?pfrichevenusesbiologicalmolecules,suchasDNA.Ratherthanhealoldordamagedbodyparts,she’dreplacethemwithnewones.Scientistshavelearnedtomakesmallsynthetic(合成的)biologyfixes.Ourcellsmustworktogether.“Thinkofthemlikethewiringofahouse,”Rawsonsays.Flipaswitch,andalightturnson.That’sabig-scaleeffect.Buteachsmallpieceinthesystemmustworkproperlytogetthatendeffect.12.Whatdoesparagraph2intendtotellus?A.Thecostofrepairingproteins. B.Theprospectfornature-mademachines.C.Thechallengeofnaturalprotein-machines. D.Thebackgroundofcreatingnewbiomachines.13.WhyisRawsonmentionedinparagraph4?A.Topresentscientists’failureinbiology. B.Toconveyhisideaoflifeengineering.C.Toshowmakingproteinsinthelabishard. D.Toexplainwhynanotechnologyisimportant.14.Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“workground”inparagraph5?A.Anewdilemma. B.Adifficultcondition.C.Analternativesolution. D.Anunbelievablestory.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyexpress?A.Theeffectofproteinsonourbody. B.Thecombinationofthewiringofahouse.C.Thecomplexityofthehumanbodysystem. D.Theprecisionrequiredforsyntheticbiology.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家在生命工程和納米技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的研究進展，特別是關(guān)于如何制造能在細(xì)胞內(nèi)工作的微型機器（納米機器）來替代或修復(fù)受損的生物機器（蛋白質(zhì)）?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ourcellsarealreadyfullofnature-mademachinescarryingoutthedailytasksofliving.Manyareproteins.Butsometimesournaturalprotein-machinesdon’tworkright.Brokenbiomachinerycausesmanydiseases,Soscientistsareconsideringhowtheymightfixfaultyproteins.Theymightwireupartificialnervestoreplacedamagedones.(我們的細(xì)胞已經(jīng)充滿了自然形成的機器，執(zhí)行著生命活動的日常任務(wù)。其中許多是蛋白質(zhì)。但有時我們的天然蛋白質(zhì)機器會出現(xiàn)故障。生物機器損壞會引發(fā)許多疾病，因此科學(xué)家們正在考慮如何修復(fù)有缺陷的蛋白質(zhì)。他們可能會用人工神經(jīng)來替換受損的神經(jīng)。)”可知，第二段作者想要介紹一下科學(xué)家們想要創(chuàng)造新型生物機器的背景知識，也就是希望用這種新型生物機器修復(fù)有缺陷的蛋白質(zhì)和替換受損的神經(jīng)。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“BackwhenFrankieRawsonwasastudent,heaskedhisteachersthat.NowananotechnologistattheUniversityofNottinghaminEngland,Rawsonhasansweredhisownquestion,“Itturnsoutthatwe’renotverygoodatartificiallyre-creatingwhatbiologydoes.”(當(dāng)FrankieRawson還是學(xué)生的時候，他就問過老師這個問題。現(xiàn)在，作為英國諾丁漢大學(xué)的一名納米技術(shù)專家，Rawson已經(jīng)回答了自己的問題：“事實證明，我們在人工復(fù)制生物所做的事情方面并不擅長?！?”可知，第四段提到Rawson主要是因為他曾作為學(xué)生時向老師提出過關(guān)于在實驗室制造新蛋白質(zhì)的問題，而現(xiàn)在作為納米技術(shù)專家的他回答了這個問題，指出“我們在人工復(fù)制生物所做的事情方面并不擅長”。這表明在實驗室制造蛋白質(zhì)是困難的。故選C?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“They’recreatingnanomachinesthatdothesamejobsasproteins.Withtherightdesign,thesenanomachinescandosoeasieratlesscost.Theyalsocanbemorestableusingfeweringredients.(他們正在創(chuàng)造能做蛋白質(zhì)相同工作的納米機器。有了正確的設(shè)計，這些納米機器可以更容易、更廉價地完成工作。它們使用的成分更少，因此也可以更加穩(wěn)定。)”可知，他們找到了一種解決方法來解決上文提到的不擅長人工復(fù)制生物的問題。由此可知，劃線詞workground為“解決方法”之意。選項A“Anewdilemma(一個新的困境)”；選項B“Adifficultcondition(一個困難的狀況)”；選項C“Analternativesolution(一個替代的解決方案)”；選項D“Anunbelievablestory(一個不可思議的故事)”。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Scientistshavelearnedtomakesmallsynthetic(合成的)biologyfixes.Ourcellsmustworktogether.“Thinkofthemlikethewiringofahouse,”Rawsonsays.Flipaswitch,andalightturnson.That’sabig-scaleeffect.Buteachsmallpieceinthesystemmustworkproperlytogetthatendeffect.(科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)學(xué)會了進行小型合成生物學(xué)修復(fù)。我們的細(xì)胞必須協(xié)同工作?！翱梢园阉鼈兿胂蟪煞课莸牟季€，”Rawson說。撥動開關(guān)，燈就會亮。這是一個大規(guī)模的效果。但系統(tǒng)中的每一個小部件都必須正常工作，才能實現(xiàn)這一最終效果。)”可知，最后一段通過將人體細(xì)胞比作房屋的布線，強調(diào)每個小部分都必須正常工作才能達(dá)到最終效果，這突出了合成生物學(xué)所需的精確性和準(zhǔn)確性。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Gratitude,initssimplestform,istheactoffeelinggratefulforwhatyouhave.___16___Ifyouareapersonthatpracticesgratituderegularly,youmayhavebenefitedalotfromthat.Studieshaveshownthatpracticinggratitudecansignificantlyboostpeople’shappinessandwell-being,allowingthemtoliveamorefulfillinglife.Sohowcanwepracticegratitude?Herearewaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.Keepagratitudejournal.Keepitsimpleandeachdaywrite1-3thingsyouaregratefulforinthemorningandintheevening.___17___Alotofpeoplefocusonwhattheydon’thave,orcomplainallday,makingthemselvesupset.Butwhenyoufocusonthepositive,nomatterhowsmall,youattractmoreofthepositive.Don’tcompare.It’seasytocompareourselvestoothersandwantwhattheyhave.Whenyoudothat,you’renotappreciatingyourownuniquejourney.We’reallonadifferentlifepathandwewereborntostandout.___18___Flashasmile.Alotofpeopledon’tsmilethesedays,andoftenyouhavetobetheonethatinitiates(發(fā)起)it.Smilingatsomeonecannotonlymakeyoufeelgood,butalsomaketheirday,too.___19___Whileyou’reatit,givecompliments(問候),too.___20___It’seasytofocusonthenegativeofthepastorworryaboutthefuture.Ifyoucanliveinthemomentandtakeineverythingastheyhappen,you’lldiscoverjoysthatareoftenoverlooked.Therearejoysofplayingwithyourclassmatesintheplayground,theconversationwithyourfriendsacrossthetableandthesmellofrain.Enjoyandembracethesemoments.A.Liveinthepresent.B.Sohowoftendoyoupracticegratitude?C.Doyouknowhowtopracticegratitudesincerely?D.Itwillallowyoutoseemorejoyandbeautyinyourdays.E.Alwaysdiscoverthepositivesideofthepeoplearoundyou.F.Sosmilemoreandwatchhowyourdaycaninstantlyturnaround.G.Valuethepathyoutakeandbegratefulforwhoyouareandwhatyouhave.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.F20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了感恩的重要性和如何練習(xí)感恩的方法，通過給出具體的建議和步驟，引導(dǎo)讀者學(xué)會感恩，享受生活中的美好?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Ifyouareapersonthatpracticesgratituderegularly,youmayhavebenefitedalotfromthat.(如果你是一個經(jīng)常練習(xí)感恩的人，那么你可能會從中受益匪淺。)”可知，如果我們經(jīng)常練習(xí)感恩，我們將從中受益匪淺。選項B“Sohowoftendoyoupracticegratitude?(你多久練習(xí)一次感恩？)”中的“howoften”與下文的“regularly”保持一致。故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Keepagratitudejournal.Keepitsimpleandeachdaywrite1-3thingsyouaregratefulforinthemorningandintheevening.(堅持寫感恩日記。方法很簡單，每天早上和晚上各寫下1-3件你心懷感激的事物。)”可知，空前內(nèi)容建議我們要寫感恩日記。選項D“Itwillallowyoutoseemorejoyandbeautyinyourdays.(它將讓你在日常生活中看到更多的快樂和美好。)”承接上文，解釋了記感恩日記的好處，同時引出下文“Alotofpeoplefocusonwhattheydon’thave,orcomplainallday,makingthemselvesupset.Butwhenyoufocusonthepositive,nomatterhowsmall,youattractmoreofthepositive.(很多人關(guān)注自己沒有的東西，或者整天抱怨，讓自己不開心。但是當(dāng)你關(guān)注積極的一面時，無論多小，你都會吸引更多的積極因素。)”。故選D。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Don’tcompare.It’seasytocompareourselvestoothersandwantwhattheyhave.Whenyoudothat,you’renotappreciatingyourownuniquejourney.We’reallonadifferentlifepathandwewereborntostandout.(不要比較。我們很容易將自己與他人進行比較，并想要擁有他們所擁有的東西。當(dāng)你這樣做的時候，你并沒有感激自己獨特的旅程。我們都在不同的生活道路上，我們生來就是要脫穎而出的。)”可知，上文建議我們每個人都是獨特的，所以不需要和別人比較。選項G“Valuethepathyoutakeandbegratefulforwhoyouareandwhatyouhave.(珍惜你所走的路，對你所是和所擁有的心存感激。)”承接上文，給出了具體的建議，即要珍惜自己的經(jīng)歷和所擁有的，不要總是羨慕別人。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Smilingatsomeonecannotonlymakeyoufeelgood,butalsomaketheirday,too.(對某人微笑不僅會讓你感覺良好，也會讓他們的日子更美好。)”可知，上文提到微笑的好處。選項F“Sosmilemoreandwatchhowyourdaycaninstantlyturnaround.(所以多笑笑，看看你的日子是如何瞬間變得不同的。)”承接上文，進一步強調(diào)了微笑的好處，并引出下文“Whileyou’reatit,givecompliments(問候),too.(同時，也給予贊美和問候。)”。故選F?！?0題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“It’seasytofocusonthenegativeofthepastorworryaboutthefuture.Ifyoucanliveinthemomentandtakeineverythingastheyhappen,you’lldiscoverjoysthatareoftenoverlooked.Therearejoysofplayingwithyourclassmatesintheplayground,theconversationwithyourfriendsacrossthetableandthesmellofrain.Enjoyandembracethesemoments.(很容易專注于過去的負(fù)面或擔(dān)心未來。如果你能活在當(dāng)下，享受當(dāng)下的一切，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)那些常常被忽視的快樂。比如在操場上和同學(xué)玩耍的樂趣，和朋友隔桌交談的樂趣，以及雨的味道。享受并擁抱這些時刻。)”可知，本段主要講述的是我們要活在當(dāng)下，享受生活中的美好。選項A“Liveinthepresent.(活在當(dāng)下。)”是本段內(nèi)容的概述，與本段內(nèi)容相符。故選A。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Duringaschooltalentshow,GraceSunrealizedmusiccanspreadjoyandcreatecommunityconnections.Followingthatperformance,GraceSunfelt___21___toorganizemoremusicevents.At16,she___22___anonprofitschoolserviceclubtoorganizeand___23___musicaleventsforseniors.Gracestartedonlineconcertswithafewclosefriendsandwantedto___24___theeldersinhercommunitywhooftenexperiencedloneliness.Shefirstgatheredagroupofpeersand___25___themtoperformforseniorsinboth___26___andin-personconcerts.TheconcertsreceivedsomuchpositivefeedbackthatGracedecidedto___27___theprogram.Someonethen___28___astudywithGraceabouthowmusictherapy(療法)could___29___improvecognitive(認(rèn)知的)conditionofpeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease(阿爾茨海默病).That____30____hertoincludeadditionalperformancesforeldersdealingwithcognitive____31____.Thenewperformanceswouldgetan____32____inprogrammingaswell.Inplaceoftheirusualclassicalsongs,theyoungmusiciansplayedthepopularsongsin1960s.TheseniorswithAlzheimer’sdiseasehappily____33____alongwiththefamiliarsongs.Themusic____34____theirgoodmemoriesandbroughttheseniorstothetimestheyweremostcomfortablewith.It’sprettymagical.Heractionisagreatexampleofthe____35____ofconnection.21.A.shocked B.inspired C.honored D.relieved22.A.setup B.broughtupC.tookup D.openedup23.A.seek B.limit C.celebrate D.arrange24.A.include B.block C.abandon D.entertain25.A.persuaded B.allowed C.forced D.warned26.A.outdoor B.attractive C.virtual D.practical27.A.cancel B.continue C.pause D.vary28.A.updated B.compared C.shared D.collected29.A.barely B.quickly C.patiently D.potentially30.A.motivated B.required C.permitted D.frightened31.A.hope B.decline C.improvement D.prospect32.A.adjustment B.opposition C.assessment D.encouragement33.A.wrote B.shook C.cried D.sang34.A.brokeinto B.gotthrough C.tappedinto D.messedup35.A.credit B.comfort C.value D.bargain【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.D25.A26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.D34.C35.C【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章講述了GraceSun通過組織音樂活動為社區(qū)老人帶去歡樂，并受到音樂療法對阿爾茨海默病患者有益的研究啟發(fā)，進一步為認(rèn)知衰退的老人提供額外表演的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：演出結(jié)束后，GraceSun受到啟發(fā)，想要組織更多的音樂活動。A.shocked震驚；B.inspired受到啟發(fā)的；C.honored榮幸；D.relieved寬慰。根據(jù)前文“GraceSunrealizedmusiccanspreadjoyandcreatecommunityconnections.”可知，GraceSun意識到音樂可以傳播快樂，建立社區(qū)聯(lián)系，所以她由此受到啟發(fā)，想要組織更多的音樂活動。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：16歲時，她成立了一個非營利性的學(xué)校服務(wù)俱樂部，為老年人組織和安排音樂活動。A.setup建立；B.broughtup撫養(yǎng)；C.tookup開始從事；D.openedup開放。根據(jù)前文“organizemoremusicevents”可知，GraceSun想要組織更多的音樂活動，所以此處是成立了一個非營利性學(xué)校服務(wù)俱樂部。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：16歲時，她成立了一個非營利性的學(xué)校服務(wù)俱樂部，為老年人組織和安排音樂活動。A.seek尋求；B.limit限制；C.celebrate慶祝；D.arrange