浙江省名校協(xié)作體2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)聯(lián)考英語英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省名校協(xié)作體2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemandoovertheweekend?A.Hesawamovie. B.Heattendedamatch. C.Hewenttothehospital.【答案】B【原文】M:Hey,Ruth.Howwasyourweekend?W:Oh,IattendedascreeningofTheGarfieldMovie.Howaboutyou?Didyouwinthegamethistime?Iheardthecompetitionwasfierce.M:It’salongstory.Ourfootballgoalkeeperbrokehisarminthesecondhalf.Thecoachtookhimtothehospital.2.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday. B.Tuesday. C.Wednesday.【答案】A【原文】W:Weareboundtomissourflightifwedon’tleavenow.M:Don’tyourememberthatwe’veputitoffuntilWednesday?W:Oops,Itotallyforgot.Thenwe’llhaveawholedaydoingthecleaningtomorrow.M:Yes.3.Whatishappeningnearthepark?A.Peoplearegivingawaytheirbooks.B.Thepolicearesearchingforathref.C.Thereisanewrestaurantopeningup.【答案】A【原文】W:I’mprettysurethatsomethingdidhappen.Isawalargecrowdgatheringnearthepark.M:Thereisadonationofbooks.Bytheway,justnowalotofpolicecarspassedbyourrestaurant.Doyouknowwhathappened?W:It’ssaidthatabankmanagerranawaywithallthemoney.4.Whatisthemostunbearablethingforthewoman?A.Mosquitobites. B.Horriblesnakes. C.Hightemperatures.【答案】C【原文】M:Fromthelookonyourface,I’mguessingyouhaven’tgotusedtolifeonthefarmyet.W:I’vebeenbittenbyalotofmosquitoes.Ican’thelpscratchingmyselfatnight.Plus,I’mafraidofsnakes.Worstofall,Ican’tstandtheheat.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Leavethecatalone. B.Chooseanothertime. C.Considerothervehicles.【答案】B【原文】M:Ithinkwemighthavegiventhecattoomanybiscuits.Shehasbeenthrowingupallthetime.W:We’dbettertakehertoseeavetrightnow.Sheistooweak.M:Butourcarisbeingfixedandthevet’smaybeclosednow.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Neighbors. C.Colleagues.7.WhendidMr.Thompsonarrivehometoday?A.At6:30p.m. B.At6:15p.m. C.At5:45p.m.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】M:Whatisthatstrangesmell?Didyoutakethetrashout?W:Yeah.Oh,itisthegas.I’llopenthewindowsandletfreshaircomein.Canyouturnoffthegas?M:ButIlookedeverywhere.There’snogasleak.ThenitmustcomefromMr.Thompson’s.Mr.ThompsonwenttoAustraliaforsightseeing.Didhereturn?W:Hecamehomeaquarterofanhourearlierthanyou.Whenyougotbackhome,theclockhadjuststrucksix.It’s6:30p.m.now.Hurryup,let’sknockonhisdoor.M:Weneedtograbwettowelsandcoverournosesincaseofanaccident.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdidthewomanwanttodowhenshewasachild?A.Createnewmusicalpieces. B.Becomeasinger. C.Playthepiano.9.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Aneducator. B.Amusician. C.Anastronaut.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:WhenIwasakid,myparentsoftenencouragedmetohaveabigdreamofbeingapianistinaband.Whereas,thiswasn’twheremyambitionlay.Mydesirewastoshowoffmybeautifulvoiceonstage.Ioftenwhistledacheerfultune.Didyouhaveanychildhooddreams?M:Iwascuriousaboutouterspaceandwantedtoflytothemoon.W:Abigdream.Whenpeopleareintheirchildhood,theirdreamsarelikelytobebasedonpurepassionandimagination.However,beforeenteringtheworkforce,theseyouthfulperspectivesbegintoshift.M:Yeah.Childrenrarelyconsiderfinanciallimitationsandeducationalrequirementswhendecidingontheirfuture.W:Yourdreamhascometrue.Forme,Iwillputmoreeffortintomypresentdream—creatingmoremusicalpieces.M:Agreed.Wemightnotbeabletochangeourpast,butwecancreateourfuture.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whatdidthewomandobeforelunchtime?A.Shetidiedaplaceup. B.Sheboughtsomefruit. C.Shesangasongtotheelderly.11.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Playbasketball. B.Gotohospital. C.Jointhewoman.12.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Respectfortheold. B.Theholidayplan. C.Houseworkchores.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【原文】M:Hi,Marie.Whatareyoudoingnow?TodayisSaturday.W:Yes.It’salsotheDoubleNinthFestival.Ourschoolorganizedsomeactivities.Wehadafieldtripfrom8:00a.m.to10:00a.m.From10:10a.m.to11:00a.m.,wehelpedcleanourcanteen.From11:30a.m.until1:00p.m.,wehadlunch.M:Soyoujustfinishedyourlunch?W:Yeah.Andweareonourwaytobuysomefruitfortheoldpeople,especiallytheemptynesters.Iwillsingarevolutionarysongwhichistotheirtaste.Wearescheduledtoreturntoschoolat6:00p.m.M:Great.Ibelieveitwillremindthemofthevaluablemomentsintheirlife.W:Sure.Wecanalsohelpthemgetahaircutanddosomelaundry.SomepeoplearefondofChinesechess.Wecanplaytheboardgame.M:Itsoundswonderful.Wewillgrowoldoneday.Youreallyinspiredme.IshouldcancelmyappointmentwithmyfriendsandI’llbuyafruitbaskettoseemygrandparentsduringthevisitinghours.I’dlovetodosomethingmeaningfullikeyou.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.WhoisTomLee?A.Amoviecharacter. B.ATVactor. C.Ajournalist14.WhatdoweknowaboutTomLee?A.HegrewupinChina.B.Heishumorousandwise.C.Hedreamsofbecomingahero.15.Whatsuggestiondoesthemangivetokids?A.Learningfromobstacles.B.Keepingpositiveallthetime.C.Beingbravetoseeksupport.16.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Chairingameeting. B.Havinganinterview. C.Explainingfilmplots.【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.B【原文】W:HowwouldyoudescribeTomLee,theyoungheroinTheTiger’sApprentice?M:Tomistryingtofindhisplaceintheworldasahero.Hewantstofindhiscommunityandstepintohisfullestpotential.W:WhichpartofTomresonateswithyoumost?M:Tom’sstoryisnottoodifferentfrommine.I’mChinese-American.HegrewupinChinatownintheSanFranciscoBayArea,California.IgrewupinChinatowninLosAngeles.So,Idon’thavetodigtoodeepintomylifetorelatetoTom.AndTomisreallygoodattryingtostaypositivewhensituationsaredifficult.Heuseshiswitsandasenseofhumortoovercomehardships.ThosearethethingsIcandefinitelyrelateto.Inthebeginning,Tomtriestodealwithalotofhisobstacleswithforce.Butlaterhelearnstousehisheadabitmore.That’ssomethingthatI’vedevelopedasI’mgettingolder.W:What’sthemostvaluablemessageyouwantkidstogainfromthismovie?M:Don’tbeafraidtoleanonthepeoplethatyouloveforsupport,ifyouneedit.There’ssomuchvalueandsomuchpowerinthecommunityandfamily.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Tointroducesomenewauthors.B.Tosharebookreviews.C.Toadvertisesomenewbooks.18.Whichbookissuitableforpeoplewhoareinterestedintime-travelingadventures?A.ThisAgain?. B.DaughtersoftheLamp. C.ThePartitionProject.19.WhatcanwelearnaboutSahara?A.ShelostanecklaceinCairo.B.ShemovedfromIndiatoPakistan.C.Sheisfascinatedbyadventurestories.20.Whoattachesgreatimportancetofamilyinthebook?A.AdamBorba. B.NeddaLewers C.SaadiaFaruqi【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.C【原文】Wouldyougobackintimetochangeyourfuture?Inthisfunny,time-travelingadventurebyAdamBorba,middleschoolerNoahNicholsondoesjustthat.He’srunningforclasspresident.Plus,hemustchoosebetweenhangingoutwithhisfriends,gettingstraightA’s,andbeingpopular.NoahwantstofollowinhissuccessfulolderbrotherPaul’sfootsteps.ButishetryingsohardtobelikePaulthatheforgetswhotherealNoahis?Canhegobackintimetomakehislifeperfect?Ifyou’relookingforafantasystory,thisbookThisAgain?isdefinitelyforyou.Next,DaughtersoftheLampfollowsSaharatoafamilyweddinginCairo,Egypt.There,hernecklacestartsglowing-beforeitdisappears.Asshelooksintotheoriginofthenecklace,familysecretsareunearthed.AuthorNeddaLewersweavesArabianfairytalesintothismysteriousandmagicaladventure.Lastly,ThePartitionProject,bySaadiaFaruqi,focusesontheimportanceoffamilybondsandofhearingthestoriesofourgrandparents’lives.Mahalearnsabouthergrandmother’sexperiencewithgrowingupinIndiaandhermovefromIndiatoPakistan.Thosearesomenewbooksthatyoumightenjoy.Andtheyareonspecialthisweek.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ACulinaryherbsarefragrantplantswhicharefittoeatandusedinsmallamountstoaddfavortodishes.Mostherbsarefoundinfoodandalsohavemedicinaluses.Therearefourherbsforyou.·CurryleavesThecurrytreeisnativetoIndiaandSriLankaTheleavesaredarkgreenandshiny,releasingapleasantnut-likescentwhentheyarefriedinoil.TheyareamaincomponentofSouthIndiancuisine,usedinthesamewayasbayleavesareinWesterncuisines.·ShisoShisoisaJapaneseherbwithauniqueflavor,whosegreenleavesareoftenusedasagarnish（裝飾）fortraditionalJapanesedishes.Whetherredorgreen,itcanbeusedinvariousotherways:mixedintosalads,putintogreentea,oraddedtostir-fries.·BasilBasilhasshiny,deepgreen,pointedleavesandasweet-and-savoryflavor,whichisusedinbothfreshanddriedformstoflavordishesrangingfromItaliansaucestomeatdishestoAsiancurries.Whencooking,addittowardstheendtomaintainflavor.·MintMinthasadelicatelysweetflavorandcreatesadistinctcoolingfeelingduetothementhol（薄荷醇）intheherb.Usedforcookingandavarietyofmedicinalpurposes,minthassoft,brightgreenleavesthatarecommonlyusedindrinkslikeminttea,aswellasdisheslikeVietnameseandThaistir-friesWhiledriedmintisusedinteamaking,freshmintisthepreferredformoftheherbforcooking.21.WhichofthefollowingstatementaboutCurryleavesistrue?A.TheyareonlynativetoSriLanka. B.TheyenjoygreatpopularityamongWesterners.C.Theysmellpleasant,likefriednuts. D.TheyplayanimportantroleinSouthIndiancuisine.22.Whichherbscanbeusedbothinteadrinksandstir-fries?A.MintandBasil. B.BasilandShiso.C.CurryleavesandBasil. D.MintandShiso.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abiologytextbook. B.Anacademicpaper.C.Abotanicalmagazine. D.Acommercialposter.【答案】21.D22.D23.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四種可用于食物和藥物的烹飪香草?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Curryleaves”所在段落中“TheyareamaincomponentofSouthIndiancuisine,usedinthesamewayasbayleavesareinWesterncuisines.”（它們是南印度菜肴的主要成分，其使用方法與月桂葉在西方菜肴中的使用方法相同。）可知它們?cè)谀嫌《炔穗戎衅鸬胶艽蟮淖饔谩９蔬xD項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Shiso”所在段落中“Whetherredorgreen,itcanbeusedinvariousotherways:mixedintosalads,putintogreentea,oraddedtostir-fries.”（無論是紅葉還是綠葉，它都有多種用途：拌沙拉、泡綠茶或添加到炒菜中。）以及“Mint”所在段落中“Usedforcookingandavarietyofmedicinalpurposes,minthassoft,brightgreenleavesthatarecommonlyusedindrinkslikeminttea,aswellasdisheslikeVietnameseandThaistir-fries.”（薄荷葉柔軟翠綠，可用于烹飪和多種藥用目的，常用于薄荷茶等飲品以及越南和泰國炒菜等菜肴。）可知Mint和Shiso都可以用于茶飲和炒菜。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段“Culinaryherbsarefragrantplantswhicharefittoeatandusedinsmllamountstoaddfavortodishes.Mostherbsarefoundinfoodandalsohavemedicinaluses.Therearefourherbsforyou.”（烹飪香草是一種芳香植物，適合食用，少量使用可為菜肴增添美味。大多數(shù)草藥都可以在食物中找到，同時(shí)也有藥用價(jià)值。下面為你介紹四種草藥。）可知文章介紹了幾種香草的特點(diǎn)和用途，因此內(nèi)容適合出現(xiàn)在植物雜志中。故選C項(xiàng)。BIfirstsawtheearth-thewholeearthfromtheshuttleChallengerin1984.Theviewtakesyourbreathawayandfillsyouwithchildlikewonder.That’swhyeveryshuttlecrewhastocleannose-printsofftheirspaceraft’swindowsseveraltimesaday.Anincrediblybeautifultapestry(織錦)ofblueandwhite,tan,blackandgreenseemstoglidebeneathyouatanelegant,statelypace.Butyouareactuallygoingsofasthattheentiremapoftheworldspinsbeforeyoureyeswitach90-minuteorbit.Afterjustoneortwolaps,youfeel,maybeforthefisttimelikeacitizenofaplanet.Allthecolorsandpatternsyousee—thevisibleevidenceofthecomplexworkingofthenaturalsystemsthatmakeourplanethabitable—seembothvastandprecise,powerfulandyetsomehowfragile.Youseevolcanoesspewingsmoke,hurricanesroilingtheoceansandevenfinetendrils’ofSaharandustreachingacrosstheAtlantic.Youalsoseethebig,graysmudgesoffields,paddiesandpastures,andatnightyoumarvelatthelights,likebrilliantdiamonds,thatrevealamosaicofcities,roadsandcoastlines—impressivesignsofthehandofhumanity.Scientiststellusthatourhandisheavy,thatwearewipingoutofotherspeciesatanunprecedentedrateandprobablytransformingourclimate.Willtheimmensepowerofglobalsystemswithstandtheimpactofhumanity?Orisitpossiblethatourcollectiveactionswillchangethenatureofourplanetenoughtocrippleitsabilitytosupportlife?Inolongerbelievethatwecanwaitforallthescientificdataneededtoanswerthesequestionsconclusively.Wemustrecognizeimmediatelywhatitmeanstobecitizensofthisplanet.Itmeansacceptingtheobligationtobethestewardsoftheearth’slife-givingcapacities.Ashomeowners,wewouldn’tneglectordamageourhousesuntiltheyweren’tfittolivein.Whywouldwedothatwithourplanet?24.WhatdoesthewriterwanttoexpressinParagraph1?A.Theyfeelscaredflyingintheout-space. B.Theyarehomesickinthespaceshuttle.C.Theyareawedbytheviewoftheearth. D.Theyfeelexcitedtoexploretheuniverse.25.What’sthemainfunctionofParagraph3?A.Settingthestageforfurtherdiscussion. B.Summarizingthemainideaofthetext.C.Providingdataforthewriter’sargument. D.Introducingdifferentideasonhumanimpact.26.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementdoeshewriteragreewith?A.It’snotclearwhathumanscandotonatureB.Theearthisstrongenoughtosupportmorelives.C.HumanbeingsarenottheonlycreatureoftheearthD.Wemustactnowtotakecareofnaturebeforeit’stoolate27.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.FlyingtotheFuture B.GoingGreenwithOurEarthC.AGlimpseofHome D.MyExperienceasanAstronaut【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者從太空中看到地球的美景和對(duì)地球的思考?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifirstsawtheearth-thewholeearthfromtheshuttleChallengerin1984.Theviewtakesyourbreathawayandfillsyouwithchildlikewonder.That’swhyeveryshuttlecrewhastocleannose-printsofftheirspaceraft’swindowsseveraltimesaday.(我第一次看到地球——整個(gè)地球，是從1984年的挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)航天飛機(jī)上。這景色會(huì)讓你屏住呼吸，讓你充滿孩子般的驚奇。這就是為什么每個(gè)航天飛機(jī)機(jī)組人員每天都要清理幾次他們的飛船窗戶上的鼻印。)”可知，作者第一次從航天飛機(jī)上看到地球的全貌時(shí)，被地球的美景震撼，充滿了童真的驚奇。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Youseevolcanoesspewingsmoke,hurricanesroilingtheoceansandevenfinetendrils’ofSaharandustreachingacrosstheAtlantic.(你會(huì)看到火山噴出煙霧，颶風(fēng)在海洋中肆虐，甚至撒哈拉沙漠的塵埃細(xì)沙也橫跨大西洋。)”可知，第三段描述了地球上發(fā)生的災(zāi)難，為后續(xù)討論人類應(yīng)如何保護(hù)地球做鋪墊。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itmeansacceptingtheobligationtobethestewardsoftheearth’slife-givingcapacities.Ashomeowners,wewouldn’tneglectordamageourhousesuntiltheyweren’tfittolivein.Whywouldwedothatwithourplanet?(它意味著接受成為地球賦予生命的能力的管理者的義務(wù)。作為房主，我們不會(huì)忽視或損壞我們的房子，直到它們不適合居住。我們?yōu)槭裁匆@樣對(duì)待我們的星球呢？)”可知，作者認(rèn)為我們要立即認(rèn)識(shí)到作為地球公民的責(zé)任，采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)地球。故選D?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Ifirstsawtheearth-thewholeearthfromtheshuttleChallengerin1984.Theviewtakesyourbreathawayandfillsyouwithchildlikewonder.That’swhyeveryshuttlecrewhastocleannose-printsofftheirspaceraft’swindowsseveraltimesaday.(我第一次看到地球——整個(gè)地球，是從1984年的挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)航天飛機(jī)上。這景色會(huì)讓你屏住呼吸，讓你充滿孩子般的驚奇。這就是為什么每個(gè)航天飛機(jī)機(jī)組人員每天都要清理幾次他們的飛船窗戶上的鼻印。)”可知，文章主要描述了作者從太空中看到地球的美景和對(duì)地球的思考，最好的標(biāo)題是選項(xiàng)C“AGlimpseofHome(家園一瞥)”。故選C。CEatingaplant-baseddiethasbeenshowntobeverygoodforyourheartandyouroverallhealth.Infact,arecentstudyfoundayoungpersoncouldliveanadditional13yearsbyeatingmorevegetablesandlegumes(豆類),aswellaswholegrains,fruitandnuts.Whichmakesthefindingsofanewanalysisofthedietsofnearly400,000UKadultspublishedMondayinthejournalFrontiersinNutritionrathershocking:Eatingveggies,especiallycookedones,doesn’treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseovertime.“OurlargestudydidnotfindevidenceforaprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeontheoccurrenceofCVD(cardiovasculardisease),”saidQiFeng,anepidemiologistattheUniversityofOxford,inastatement.Whilethestudyfoundeatingrawveggiescouldprotectagainstheartdisease,cookedvegetablesdidnot.Anybenefitwentawaywhenresearchersfactoredinlifestylefactorssuchasphysicalactivity,educationallevel,smoking,drinking,fruitintake,redandprocessedmeatconsumption,anduseofmineralandvitaminsupplements.“Instead,ouranalysesshowthattheseeminglyprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobeaccountedforbybias(偏差)…relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomicsituationandlifestyle,”Fengsaid.Don’tstartcelebratingyet,veggiehaters.ExpertsintheUKandUnitedStatesquicklytookexceptiontothestudy’sconclusion“Althoughthisstudyfoundthateatingmorevegetableswasn’tassociatedwithalowerriskofheartandcirculatorydiseasesonceotherlifestyleandotherfactorsweretakenintoaccount,thatdoesn’tmeanweshouldstopeatingvegetables,”saidVictoriaTaylor,aseniordietitianattheBritishHeartFoundation,inastatement.“Theresultsarenotsurprising.Pickingoutonesinglecomponentandassumingjustaddingittothediet,e.g.,vegetables,isnotlikelytoresultinthedesiredeffect,”AliceLichtenstein,directorandseniorscientistatTuftsUniversity’sCardiovascularNutritionLaboratory,toldCNNinanemail.“Onethingthathasbecomeclearoverthepastdecadeisweshouldnotbelookingatsinglefoodsornutrients,ratherthewholedietarypattern,”saidLichtenstein.28.WhatcanwelearnfromthenewstudyledbyFeng?A.ItfollowedayoungUKpersonfor13years.B.Itsfindingscameasnosurprisetootherpeople.C.Itoverturnedtheconclusionofpreviousstudies.D.Itspurposewastofindtherightvegetablesforpeople.29.WhatdidFengimplyaboutvegetables’protectiveeffect?A.Itwastotallymadeupbysomeresearchers.B.Itstillheldtruedespitesomedifferentfindings.C.Itcouldonlybeachievedbylivingahealthylifestyle.D.Itwasamisconceptioncausedbydifferencesinpeople.30.Whichoffollowingisclosestinmeaningtounderlinedphrase“takeexceptionto”?A.Voiceobjectionsto. B.Adddetailsto.C.Displayignoranceof. D.Takenoticeof.31.WhatdidLichtensteinthinkofthestudy?A.Itwasgroundbreaking. B.Itwasone-sided.C.Itwouldcauseconfusion. D.Itneededmoreevidence.【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了吃蔬菜對(duì)心臟和整體健康都有好處，但是一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)吃蔬菜不能降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，科學(xué)家對(duì)此有不同的看法。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Whichmakesthefindingsofanewanalysisofthedietsofnearly400,000UKadultspublishedMondayinthejournalFrontiersinNutritionrathershocking:Eatingveggies,especiallycookedones,doesn’treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseovertime.(這使得周一發(fā)表在《營養(yǎng)前沿》雜志上的一項(xiàng)對(duì)近40萬英國成年人飲食的新分析結(jié)果相當(dāng)令人震驚：長(zhǎng)期食用蔬菜，尤其是煮熟的蔬菜，并不能降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”和第三段““OurlargestudydidnotfindevidenceforaprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeontheoccurrenceofCVD(cardiovasculardiscase),”saidQiFeng,anepidemiologistattheUniversityofOxford,inastatement.(牛津大學(xué)的流行病學(xué)家QiFeng在一份聲明中說：“我們的大型研究沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)蔬菜攝入對(duì)心血管疾病發(fā)生有保護(hù)作用的證據(jù)?！?”可推斷這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)烹飪過的蔬菜并不降低心臟病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，顛覆了之前的研究結(jié)論。故選C?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段““Instead,ouranalysesshowthattheseeminglyprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobeaccountedforbybias(偏差)…relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomicsituationandlifestyle,”Fengsaid.(“相反，我們的分析表明，蔬菜攝入對(duì)心血管疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的表面保護(hù)作用很可能是由偏見造成的……與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和生活方式的差異有關(guān)，”Feng說。)”可知Feng認(rèn)為蔬菜攝入對(duì)心血管疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的保護(hù)效果可能是由于社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和生活方式差異引起的偏見。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Don’tstartcelebratingyet,veggiehaters.(討厭素食者們，先別開始慶祝。)”和劃線詞所在句“ExpertsintheUKandUnitedStatesquicklytookexceptiontothestudy’sconclusion.(英國和美國的專家很快就對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)論…)”由此推斷出是英國和美國的專家提出了異議，所以tookexceptionto意思是“提出反對(duì)意見”和A選項(xiàng)Voiceobjectionsto同義，故選A。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Onethingthathasbecomeclearoverthepastdecadeisweshouldnotbelookingatsinglefoodsornutrients,ratherthewholedietarypattern,”saidLichtenstein.(Lichtenstein說：“在過去的十年里，有一件事變得很清楚，那就是我們不應(yīng)該只關(guān)注單一的食物或營養(yǎng)素，而應(yīng)該關(guān)注整個(gè)飲食模式?！?”可推知Lichtenstein認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究是片面的，因?yàn)樗魂P(guān)注單一食物或營養(yǎng)素，而沒有考慮整體飲食模式。故選B。DManypeoplehavewonderedwhychildrenbelieveinthingslikeSantaClausortheToothFairy,thinkingthatchildren’smindsareeasilyfooled.However,developmentalpsychologyoffersadifferentperspective.AstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyexploreshowchildrenreacttoideasthatgoagainstwhattheyusuallythinkandiftheychecktheseideasagainstwhattheyexpect.Thiswayofchecking,knownasthe“empiricalstance,”isevidentbythetimechildrenreachelementaryschool.Thestudyinvolvednearly200childrenaged3to8fromChineseschools.Eachchildwaspresentedwithfivedifferently-sizedobjectsmadefrompaintedRussiandolls.Thechildrennaturallyassumedthatthesmallestdollwasthelightestandthelargesttheheaviest.Whenaskedtoidentifytheheaviestobject,mostchildrenchosethelargestone.Anadulttheneitheragreedwiththechildren’schoiceormadeaclaimthatthesmallestdollwastheheaviest.Theresearchersobservedwhetherthechildrenwouldchangetheirmindsortesttheadult’sclaimbycomparingtheweightsofthedolls.Initially,childrenseemedtotrusttheadult’sword,withonlyasmallpercentageinsistingontheiroriginalbelief.However,whengiventheopportunitytoexplorethedolls,elementaryschoolchildrenwhohadreceivedthesurprisingclaimsystematicallytesteditbycomparingthesmallestandlargestdolls.Thisexplorationallowedthemtogenerateevidencethatcouldcontradicttheadult’sclaim.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhilechildrenarewillingtotrustanadult’ssurprisingclaims,theiracceptanceistemporary.Byelementaryschool,theysystematicallytestsuchclaimsbyseekingnewevidence,whichtheythenusetoupdatetheirbeliefs.Thestudy’simplicationsextendbeyondchildhood.Mostadultsacceptcomplexconcepts,suchastheexistenceofelectrons,basedonthetestimony（證詞）ofothersratherthanpersonalexperience.SowhilechildrenmaylearnaboutthemagicofSantaClausfromadults,adultsmightsimilarlyhavesomethingtolearnfromelementaryschoolchildren:mostofuswoulddowelltoadoptanempiricalstancemoreoftenthanwecurrentlydo.32.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Themethodologyofthestudy. B.Theconclusionofthestudy.C.Thesignificanceofthestudy. D.Thetheoreticalbasisofthestudy.33.Whichchild’sresponsematchestheempiricalstance?A.Taylorbelieveswhattheteachersaysnomatterwhat.B.Jordanthinkstheearthisflatbecausehisfathersaysso.C.Emmaassumesthewatermelonissweetandthentastesit.D.Mayasuspectstherearemonsterslivingintreesasthestorysays.34.Whatlessoncouldadultslearnfromchildren?A.Rejectingcomplexconcepts. B.Nevertrustinganyone.C.Learningfromtheirownexperience. D.Countingonothers’testimony.35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofadult’sroleinchildren’seducationandgrowth.B.Toadvocateforamoreempiricalapproachtobeliefformationacrossallages.C.Toclarifyamisunderstandingaboutelementaryschoolstudents’learningability.D.Topersuadeadultstohelpchildrenridthemselvesofwrongideasabouttheworld.【答案】32.A33.C34.C35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究探討了兒童如何應(yīng)對(duì)違背常識(shí)的說法。實(shí)驗(yàn)中，孩子們被要求判斷不同大小的玩偶哪個(gè)最重。結(jié)果顯示，盡管兒童最初相信成人的說法，但小學(xué)階段的孩子會(huì)通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證這些說法，從而更新自己的認(rèn)知。這表明兒童在面對(duì)新信息時(shí)具備經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義傾向?！?2題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Eachchildwaspresentedwithfivedifferently-sizedobjectsmadefrompaintedRussiandolls.”（每個(gè)孩子面前都有五個(gè)大小不同的用俄羅斯彩繪娃娃制作的物品。）以及“Thechildrennaturallyassumedthatthesmallestdollwasthelightestandthelargesttheheaviest.Whenaskedtoidentifytheheaviestobject,mostchildrenchosethelargestone.Anadulttheneitheragreedwiththechildren’schoiceormadeaclaimthatthesmallestdollwastheheaviest.”（孩子們自然而然地認(rèn)為最小的娃娃最輕，最大的娃娃最重。當(dāng)被要求找出最重的物體時(shí)，大多數(shù)孩子都選擇了最大的那個(gè)。然后，成人要么同意孩子們的選擇，要么聲稱最小的娃娃是最重的。）可知第三段主要描述了研究的具體方法，包括研究對(duì)象、實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)和過程，故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyexploreshowchildrenreacttoideasthatgoagainstwhattheyusuallythinkandiftheychecktheseideasagainstwhattheyexpect.”（發(fā)表在《發(fā)展心理學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)研究探討了兒童對(duì)與他們通常想法相反的想法的反應(yīng)，以及他們是否將這些想法與他們的期望進(jìn)行核對(duì)。）可知Emma假設(shè)西瓜是甜的，然后品嘗驗(yàn)證，符合文章主旨，故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。倒數(shù)第三段中“Byelementaryschool,theysystematicallytestsuchclaimsbyseekingnewevidence,whichtheythenusetoupdatetheirbeliefs”（到了小學(xué)，他們會(huì)通過尋找新的證據(jù)來系統(tǒng)地檢驗(yàn)這些說法，然后利用這些證據(jù)來更新自己的信念）可知，成年人可以從孩子身上學(xué)到從自身經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)的道理。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“AstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyexploreshowchildrenreacttoideasthatgoagainstwhattheyusuallythinkandiftheychecktheseideasagainstwhattheyexpect.”（發(fā)表在《發(fā)展心理學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)研究探討了兒童對(duì)與他們通常想法相反的想法的反應(yīng)，以及他們是否將這些想法與他們的期望進(jìn)行核對(duì)。）以及“Thiswayofchecking,knownasthe“empiricalstance,”isevidentbythetimechildrenreachelementaryschool.”（這種被稱為“經(jīng)驗(yàn)立場(chǎng)”的檢查方式在孩子們上小學(xué)時(shí)就已經(jīng)顯現(xiàn)出來了。）并結(jié)合通讀全文可知，文章主要討論了兒童如何通過經(jīng)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證來形成信念，并建議各年齡段的人都應(yīng)更多地采用這種經(jīng)驗(yàn)立場(chǎng)，故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Shamehasbeencalledour“mostdreadedemotionalexperience.”Weknowthefeelingonlytoowe:Ourpulsequickens.____36____Thefeelingissobadthatwewanttoescapeatallcosts.Herearesomethingsyouneedtoknowaboutshameandsometipsforhowtofeellessofit.Shameandguiltaredifferentemotions.Youfeelguiltywhenyouthinkyou’vedonesomethingwrong,butyoufeelshamewhenyoubelievethatyouarewrong.Whileguiltariseswhenyouhavemadeamistakeandcanfixit,shamedevelopswhenyouseeyourselfasthemistake.____37____Shamehaswarningsigns.Therearemanysignsthatyouareexperiencingshame.____38____Andwhensomeonebringsupsomethingyoufeelashamedabout,youmaylookdownandavoideyecontactandtalkinasoftvoice.____39____Shamecanleadtohighbloodpressure,stomachproblems,insomnia,alcoholordrugsaddiction,eatingdisorders.Onestudydeterminedthatexternalshame—thefearthatothersarejudgingtsnegatively—isassociatedwithanorexia,whileinter