重慶市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月大聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1重慶市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月大聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodonext?A.PickupBilly. B.Visitafriend. C.CallEmma.【答案】C【原文】M:Kate,doyouknowJenny’snewaddress?I’mgoingtosendherapackage.W:Itextedhertoaskaboutitandshehasn’treplied.M:Shemustbebusy.I’llcallherroommate.It’sEmma’right?W:Right.2.Whatdoesthewomanconcernabouttheman?A.Hisworkefficiency. B.Hishealth. C.Histravelplan.【答案】B【原文】W:Tim,youworkedovertimeagainyesterday.You’dbetternotpushyourselfthathardoryourhealthwillbreakdown.M:Thanks.Iplantotakeaholidayafterfinishingthisproject.3.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Drivingacar. B.Ridingabike. C.Enteringtheschool.【答案】A【原文】W:Slowdown,George.We’recomingnearaschool.M:Iknow,mom.I’mgoingeightmilesanhour.Look,abikejustpassedus.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Ataconference. B.Atahospital. C.Atanairport.【答案】B【原文】W:Misterking,I’mhappythatyoudecidedtocomeinforyourphysicalcheckup.M:I’mgoingabroadtoattendaconferenceandIwanttomakesureIdon’thaveanyproblems.5.Whatdoesthewomansuggestaboutgoingfordinner?A.ToUncleJohnson. B.Eatingwithafriend. C.Exploringnewoptions.【答案】【原文】M:HowabouthavinglunchatuncleJohn’sagain?Thefoodwasdeliciousandthestaffwerefriendly.W:Yes,butlet’sbemoreadventurous.Quiteafewrestaurantshaveopenedhererecently.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Brotherandsister. C.Fatheranddaughter.7.WhydotheymentionBarry?A.Becausehewasjustinthephoto.B.Becauseheownsasuperbcamera.C.Becausehetookthephototheyarediscussing.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】M:Whodoyouthinktookthisone?W:Ican’tremember.M:Youlookveryyoung.W:Yeah,lookatmyhair.Itwassolong.M:Minetoo.Lookatme.Ithinkitwastakenafterourwedding.W:Whotookit?Wasityourdad?M:No,itwasn’t.DoyourememberBarry?W:Yes,yourcousin,ahighschoolboythen.M:Yeah,hetookitwithhisnewcamera.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Teachingclass. B.Tellingstories. C.Correctingmistakes.9.WhydoesMr.GreenconsidertheFibonacciseriesimportant?A.Becauseitisaverydifficultconcepttounderstand.B.Becauseitcanbecommonlyfoundinourdailylife.C.Becauseitiscomposedofaseriesofluckynumbers.10.WhatismangoingtodonextWednesday?A.Givefurtherexplanation.B.Lecturestudents’behavior.C.Conductasurvey.【答案】8.A9.B10.A【原文】M:OK,beforeyou’redismissed,doesanyonehaveaquestion?Ok,Stephanie?W:Thankyou,Mistergreen.YoumentionedtheFibonacciseriesjustnow.Idon’tquiteunderstand.Couldyouexplain?Whatdoesitmean?M:FibonacciwasaEuropeanmathematicianinthemiddleages.TheFibonacciseriesisaseriesofnumbersinwhicheachnumberisequaltothetwonumbersbeforeitaddedtogether.Asimpleexamplegoeslikeone,one,two,three,five,eightandsoon.W:Whyisitimportant?M:Well,it’simportantbecauseitcommoningeometryanditcommoninnature,forexample,inplants.Actually,weseethesenumberseverywhere.W:Couldyougiveussomespecificexamples?M:Well,wedon’thavetimetoday,butIcanexplainmoreaboutitinthenextlessononWednesday.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Whatisthisspecialproductmadefrom?A.Trees. B.Animalskins. C.Rocks.12.Whatthreatarethetigersfacingnow?A.Illegallyhunting. B.Lossofhabitats. C.Spreadofdiseases.13.WhatdoseSimonthinkcanhelpTigers?A.Controlminingactivities.B.Raisetheawareness.C.Issueenvironmentallaws.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【原文】W:Thereusedtobemorethan20,000tigersinIndia,buttodaytherearefewerthan2000left.WhyisthisSimon?M:Well,wehavemanagedtodealwiththehunters,butamuchgreaterproblemisthatbeautyproductscompaniesaremakingaspecialproductinlargequantities.W:Doesthisproductcomefromtigers?M:No,buttherocks,theproductismadefromarefoundinthetiger’slastnaturalhabitat.Thishabitatisbeingdestroyed.W:Isee.Sohowseriousistheproblem?M:Ipredictthatwithintenyears,theIndiantigerwilldisappearforever.W:Butsurelythetigerscouldbemovedtoareserve?Aren’ttheyprotectedbyenvironmentallaws?M:Yes,theycertainlyare.Butlargeareasofforestaredestroyedtomakewayfortheminingoperations.W:Sowhatdoyouthinkcanbedonetosavethetigers?M:I’mnotsure,butatleastminingoperationsneedtoberestrictedbeforeit’stoolate.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.WhydoesDonaldstartworkingatearlyage?A.Toacquirevariousskills.B.Tohelpsupporthisfamily.C.Tobefinanciallyindependent.15.WhoisRobert?A.Donald’sfather. B.Donald’sbrother. C.Donald’sson.16.WhatdoesDonaldthinkaboutchildrendoinghousework?A.Hebelievesit’sbeneficialfortheirwell-being.B.Hethinksit’sjustawasteoftimeforchildren.C.Hefeelsthatchildrenshouldfocusontheirstudiesinstead.17.HowdoesDonaldviewhisfather?A.Asastrictdisciplinarian.B.Assomeoneunimportant.C.Asarolemodelandhero.【答案】14.B15.B16.A17.C【原文】W:Welcomeback.Now,wecontinueourtalkwithDonaldKeith.SoDonald,inyournewbook,yousaidyoustarteddoingfarmworkatseven,helpingatagroceryattenanddrivingatruckatfourteen.Childrenaren’tallowedtodosuchthingsanymore.Doyouthinkthat’samistake?M:Well,Ilearnedinahurrybecausemyfamilyneededmyhelp.Iwasdaddy’sonlysonatthattime.RobertcamefifteenyearsafterIdid.Itwasduringthedepressionyearswhenanyincomewashelpful.Today,thingsaredifferent.W:Doyouthink,though,thatweunderestimateourchildrennow?Weseemtotreatthemaschildrenforaverylongtime?M:Ithinkso.Sharingsomehouseworkshouldbegoodforthehealthygrowthofourchildren.W:Yourfatheremergesasapowerfulhumanbeingthroughoutyourbook.Wouldyouliketotalkmoreabouthim?M:Daddywasmyheroinmanyways,anddeservedlyso.Hewasagreatfarmer,asuccessfulbusinessman,aswellasanexcellentbaseballcoach.WhatevermydaddydidwaswhatIwantedtodosomeday.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.WhatdoesAlicedoinFrance?A.Shootingafilm. B.Visitingrelatives. C.Learningarts.19.WhatisspecialabouttheGarcia'shouse?A.Itsgoodlocation.B.Itslonghistory. C.Itsmodernitywithglassdoors.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker?A.Torecommendheraccommodation.B.Tointroducetwoextraordinaryartists.C.Toshareheruniquelearningexperiences.【答案】18.C19.C20.B【原文】Hieveryone,thisisAlice.Ican’tbelievethatI’mactuallyhereinFrance.Therearesixstudentsinmyclass.We’restayinginthehomeofaFrenchcoupleintheJuramountains.MisterandMissusGautierareartistsandtheyteachanartclassjustforuseverymorning.I’mlearningsomewonderfulpaintingtechniques.Laterintheday,wevisitlocalvillagesandpaintwhatwesee.Thehousewearestayinginissolovely.MissusGautier’sfamilybuiltitintheeighteenthcentury.I’veneverseenanythinglikeit.Itlookslikesomethingfromafilm.It’sverylargeandalltheroomshaveglassdoors.Ispendalotoftimeinthegardeninfrontofthehouse.Ithasbecomemyfavoriteplacebecauseit’ssoquiet.SometimesIjustsitthereforhourstillthesunsets.I’veneverhadanexperiencelikethis.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIntotheWild—GettoknowsomeofthemammalsthatcallYellowstonehomeBisonBisoncanweighupto2,000poundsandareherbivores(食草動(dòng)物).Despitetheirsize,theyareverymobileandcanrunupto30mphandjumpuptosixfeetvertically.In1902,America’swildbisonhaddecreasedtoonlytwodozenduetooverhunting.ConservationeffortsincreasedtheYellowstonebisonpopulationto4,800in2023.SeetheminHayden,LamarandPelicanvalleys.GrayWolfGraywolveshadgoneextinctinYellowstoneuntil14werereintroducedin1995.Today,approximately108wolveslivehere.Thesesocialanimalsliveingroupsandcanbegray,whiteorblack.Theyhuntelk,deerandbisonneardawnandduskthankstotheirexcellentnightvision.Foryourbestchanceofseeingthem,headtoLamarorHaydenvalleysorBlacktailDeerPlateauintheearlymorning.ElkUpto20,000elksummerinYellowstone,butmostmovetolowerelevationsinthewintermonths.Elkarealargememberofthedeerfamilyandcanbeidentifiedbytheirsizeandwhiterumps.Matingseason,knownas“therut”,occurseachfallwhenmaleelkfightwitheachotherforfemales.It’scharacterizedbytheirhauntingbuglingsound.Inthesummer,seetheminCascadeMeadows,MadisonCanyonandLamarValley.GrizzlyBearOneoftwospeciesofbearsinYellowstone,grizzliesarebig.Theycanweighupto700poundsandhaveadistinctivehumpbetweentheirshoulders.Grizzliesareomnivoresandwilleatbugs,plants,fishandmammals.Approximately150liveinYellowstoneandifyou’relucky,youmayspotthemintheHaydenandLamarvalleys,northofMountWashingtonandbetweenFishingBridgeandtheEastEntrance.21.WhatcontributedtothedeclineofAmerica’swildbisonpopulationby1902?A.Disease. B.Climatechange.C.Unsustainablehunting. D.Habitatloss.22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutgraywolvesinYellowstone?A.Theywerereintroducedin1902.B.Theyprimarilyhuntduringthemidday.C.TheycanonlybefoundinLamarValley.D.Theyliveinpacksandcanhavevariouscolors.23.WhereareyoumostlikelytoencounterallthefourmammalsinYellowstone?A.LamarValley. B.MadisonCanyon.C.PelicanValley. D.HaydenValley.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了美國黃石公園四種常見的野生哺乳動(dòng)物?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句話“In1902,America’swildbisonhaddecreasedtoonlytwodozenduetooverhunting.(1902年，由于過度捕獵，美國的野牛數(shù)量減少到只有24頭。)”可知，1902年前美國野牛減少到只有24頭是因?yàn)檫^度獵捕，即不可持續(xù)的獵捕。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Thesesocialanimalsliveingroupsandcanbegray,whiteorblack.(這些群居動(dòng)物生活在群體中，有灰色、白色或黑色。)”可知，灰狼是群居動(dòng)物，有各種顏色。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bison部分中的“SeetheminHayden,LamarandPelicanvalleys.(在海登，拉馬爾和鵜鶘山谷可以看到它們。)”、GrayWolf部分中的“Foryourbestchanceofseeingthem,headtoLamarorHaydenvalleysorBlacktailDeerPlateauintheearlymorning.(想要看到它們的最佳機(jī)會(huì)，請(qǐng)?jiān)谇宄壳巴R爾或海登山谷或黑尾鹿高原。)”、Elk部分中的“Inthesummer,seetheminCascadeMeadows,MadisonCanyonandLamarValley.(夏天，你可以在喀斯喀特草地、麥迪遜峽谷和拉馬爾山谷看到它們。)”和GrizzlyBear部分中的“Approximately150liveinYellowstoneandifyou’relucky,youmayspotthemintheHaydenandLamarvalleys,northofMountWashingtonandbetweenFishingBridgeandtheEastEntrance.(大約有150只生活在黃石公園，如果你幸運(yùn)的話，你可以在海登和拉馬爾山谷、華盛頓山以北、釣魚橋和東入口之間看到它們。)”可知，在文章介紹的能看到這四種哺乳動(dòng)物的地點(diǎn)中，拉馬爾山谷（LamarValley）是都提到的，所以在拉馬爾山谷才有可能見到文章提到的四種哺乳動(dòng)物。故選A項(xiàng)。BAwearablehealthmonitordevelopedbyWashingtonStateUniversityresearcherscanreliablymeasurelevelsofimportantbiochemicalsinsweatduringphysicalexercise.The3D-printedmonitorcouldsomedayprovideasimpleandnon-invasive(無創(chuàng)的)waytotrackhealthconditionsanddiagnosecommondiseases,suchasdiabetes,kidneydiseaseorheartdisease.Reportinginthejournal,ACSSensors,theresearcherswereabletoaccuratelymonitorthelevelsofvolunteers’glucose(葡萄糖)anduricacid(尿酸).“Diabetesisamajorproblemworldwide,”saidChuchuChen,thefirstauthorofthepaper.“Ithink3Dprintingcanmakeadifferencetothehealthcarefields,andIwantedtoseeifwecancombine3Dprintingwithdiseasedetectionmethodstocreateadevicelikethis.”Fortheirnewhealthmonitor,theresearchersused3Dprintingtomakethehealthmonitorsinaunique,one-stepmanufacturingprocess.Theresearchersusedasingle-atomcatalystandenzymaticreactionstoenhancethesignalandmeasurelowlevelsofthebiomarkers.Threebiosensorsonthemonitorchangecolortoindicatethespecificbiochemicallevels.Sweatcontainsmanyimportantchemicalsthatcanindicatehealthconditions,but,unlikebloodsampling,it’snon-invasive.Levelsofuricacidinsweatcanindicatetheriskofdevelopingkidneydiseaseorheartdisease.Glucoselevelsareusedtomonitordiabetes.Buttheamountofthesechemicalsinsweatistinyandcanbehardtomeasure,theresearchersnoted.Whileothersweatsensors(傳感器)havebeendeveloped,theyarecomplexandneedspecializedequipmentandexpertisetomake.Whentheresearcherscomparedthenewmonitorsonvolunteers’armstolabresults,theyfoundthattheirmonitorwasaccuratelyandreliablymeasuringtheconcentrationofthechemicals.Theresearchersarenowworkingtofurtherimprovethedevicedesignandvalidation.Theyarealsohopingtocommercializethetechnology.24.WhatdoesChuchuChenstress?A.Theapplicationof3Dprintinginreallife.B.Thewaytomake3Dprintingdevelopquickly.C.Theintegrationof3Dprintingandmedicaltechnology.D.Thechangeinpeople’shealthcausedby3Dprinting.25.Whatcanweknowaboutsweatfromthetext?A.Thechemicalsinitcanreflecthealthconditions.B.Usingittomonitordifferentdiseasesisinvasive.C.Itcontainssomechemicalsthatcauseheartdisease.D.Theresearchersfinditdifficulttomeasureitsamount.26.Whatistheadvantageofthehealthmonitoroverothersweatsensors?A.It’seasiertooperate. B.It’smorespecialized.C.It’smorecommonlyused. D.It’smoreenvironmentallyfriendly.27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.3DprintingisusedtomonitordiseasesB.SweatcanhelptreatsomecommondiseasesC.Bloodsamplingisn’tasaccurateassweatmonitoringD.Asweathealthmonitormeasureslevelsofdiseasemarkers【答案】24.C25.A26.A27.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款3D打印的可穿戴健康監(jiān)測(cè)器，能準(zhǔn)確檢測(cè)汗液中的葡萄糖和尿酸水平，用于疾病診斷?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段ChuchuChen所說的話“Ithink3Dprintingcanmakeadifferencetothehealthcarefields,andIwantedtoseeifwecancombine3Dprintingwithdiseasedetectionmethodstocreateadevicelikethis.(我認(rèn)為3D打印可以對(duì)醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生影響，我想看看我們是否可以將3D打印與疾病檢測(cè)方法結(jié)合起來，創(chuàng)造出這樣的設(shè)備)”可知，ChuchuChen強(qiáng)調(diào)的是3D打印與醫(yī)療技術(shù)的結(jié)合。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Sweatcontainsmanyimportantchemicalsthatcanindicatehealthconditions,but,unlikebloodsampling,it’snon-invasive.(汗液中含有許多重要的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，可以指示健康狀況，但與血液采樣不同，它是無創(chuàng)的)”可知，汗液中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可以反映健康狀況。故選A。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Buttheamountofthesechemicalsinsweatistinyandcanbehardtomeasure,theresearchersnoted.Whileothersweatsensors(傳感器)havebeendeveloped,theyarecomplexandneedspecializedequipmentandexpertisetomake.(但研究人員指出，汗液中這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的含量很小，很難測(cè)量。雖然已經(jīng)開發(fā)了其他汗液傳感器，但它們復(fù)雜且需要專業(yè)設(shè)備和專業(yè)知識(shí)來制造)”可知，這種健康監(jiān)測(cè)器比其他汗液傳感器更容易操作。故選A?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AwearablehealthmonitordevelopedbyWashingtonStateUniversityresearcherscanreliablymeasurelevelsofimportantbiochemicalsinsweatduringphysicalexercise.(華盛頓州立大學(xué)的研究人員開發(fā)了一種可穿戴的健康監(jiān)測(cè)器，可以在體育鍛煉期間可靠地測(cè)量汗液中重要生化物質(zhì)的水平)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了一種可以測(cè)量疾病標(biāo)志物水平的汗液健康監(jiān)測(cè)器。所以“汗液健康監(jiān)測(cè)儀測(cè)量疾病標(biāo)志物的水平”可用作本文的標(biāo)題。故選D。CThestateofMaineisfamousforitsdeliciouswildblueberries.Theblueberriesgrowwellonbarrenmountaintops,inabandonedfields,alongruralroadsidesorwheremostotherplantsdon’t.Theyarealsodecidedlynativeastheyhavebeengrowinginthislandscapeformorethan10,000years.AtDavidDickey’ssmallfarm,farmersharvestblueberries,packingaburstofsweetnessintotinypurplepackage.They’realsoharvestingsunshine.Agrid(格子)ofsolarpanelsstandsafewfeetabovefourhectares(10acres)oftheland.Theelectricitythesegeneratepowersafewhundrednearbyhomes.Underandaroundthesepanelsareextendingfieldsofthelow,thickblueberrybushes.Solarpanelsgenerateelectricpowerwithoutsendingoutthecarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesthatfossilfuelsreleaseasthey’reburned.Fixingsolarpanelsonfarmshelpssolveanothermajorproblem:findingthespacetocollectenoughsunlighttoproduceenoughsupplyofelectricity.Thisconceptiscalled“Agrivoltaics”.Thewordcombines“agriculture”with“photovoltaics(光伏)”.Photovoltaicmaterials—suchassolarpanels—generateelectriccurrentfromsunlight.Growingcropsrequireshardwork—oftengeneratingonlyalowincome.Agrivoltaicprojectscanbenefitfarmersbygivingthemasecondcrop:electricpower.Also,farmerscanpickupsomeextracashbyrentingtheirlandtopowercompaniesthatwillfixtheirownsolarpanelsonthesite.AttheUniversityofMaineinOrono,Dr.Calderwoodfocusesonfindingwaystogrowbetterberries.HerworkincludesstudyinghowthebushescanbeplantedtoproducedeliciousberriesdespitetheshadecastbythesolarpanelsatDickey’sfarm.“AlthoughtheideabehindAgrivoltaicshasbeenaroundfordecades,it’sreallyjustexplodedoverthelastfewyears.Aroundtheworld,farmersandsolarcompaniesareworkingtogethertocombinefarmingwiththeproductionofelectricity,”Calderwoodsays.28.Howisthesecondparagraphdeveloped?A.Bygivingdescriptions. B.Bymakingpredictions.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byofferingsuggestions.29.Howdothesolarpanelsmakeadifferenceingeneratingelectricity?A.Theytakeuplessspace. B.Theyproducenopollution.C.Theyblockoutdirectsunlight. D.Theyavoidthewasteofelectricity.30.WhatisthemainadvantageofAgrivoltaicprojects?A.Increasedagriculturalproductivity. B.Reductioningreenhousegasemissions.C.Additionalsourceofincomeforfarmers. D.Promotionofsustainablefarmingpractices.31.WhatcanwelearnaboutAgrivoltaicprojects?A.Theyareacreativeidea. B.Theyareinagrowingtrend.C.Theyareonlyusefultofarmers. D.Theyareatraditionalfarming.【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章以美國緬因州的藍(lán)莓種植業(yè)為例，介紹了“農(nóng)業(yè)光伏”這一概念?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AtDavidDickey’ssmallfarm,farmersharvestblueberries,packingaburstofsweetnessintotinypurplepackage.They’realsoharvestingsunshine.Agrid(格子)ofsolarpanelsstandsafewfeetabovefourhectares(10acres)oftheland.Theelectricitythesegeneratepowersafewhundrednearbyhomes.Underandaroundthesepanelsareextendingfieldsofthelow,thickblueberrybushes.(在大衛(wèi)·迪基的小農(nóng)場(chǎng)里，農(nóng)民們收割藍(lán)莓，用紫色的小包裝包裝出陣陣甜味。他們也在收獲陽光。太陽能電池板網(wǎng)在4公頃（10英畝）土地上幾英尺高的地方豎立著。這些發(fā)電站產(chǎn)生的電力可供附近幾百戶家庭使用。在這些嵌板的下面和周圍，是一片又矮又厚的藍(lán)莓灌木叢)”可知，第二段是通過進(jìn)行具體的描述展開的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Solarpanelsgenerateelectricpowerwithoutsendingoutthecarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesthatfossilfuelsreleaseasthey’reburned.(太陽能電池板發(fā)電時(shí)不會(huì)像化石燃料燃燒時(shí)那樣釋放二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體)”可知，太陽能電池板發(fā)電不會(huì)產(chǎn)生污染。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Agrivoltaicprojectscanbenefitfarmersbygivingthemasecondcrop:electricpower.Also,farmerscanpickupsomeextracashbyrentingtheirlandtopowercompaniesthatwillfixtheirownsolarpanelsonthesite.(光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目可以給農(nóng)民帶來第二種作物：電力。此外，農(nóng)民還可以通過把土地租給電力公司來獲得一些額外的現(xiàn)金，電力公司將在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安裝他們自己的太陽能電池板)”可知，“農(nóng)業(yè)光伏”項(xiàng)目使農(nóng)民有了額外的收入來源。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AlthoughtheideabehindAgrivoltaicshasbeenaroundfordecades,it’sreallyjustexplodedoverthelastfewyears.(“農(nóng)業(yè)光伏”背后的理念已經(jīng)存在了幾十年，在過去幾年才真正盛行)”可知，“農(nóng)業(yè)光伏”正處于一個(gè)不斷增長的趨勢(shì)。故選B項(xiàng)。DHere’saquickquiz.PersonAdoesafavorforyou.PersonBasksyoutodoafavorforhim.Whodoyoutendtolikemore?Surprisingly,theanswerisPersonB.Thisquirk(怪癖)ofhumannatureisknownastheBenFranklinEffect.BenjaminFranklincameacrossthephenomenonin1736whenservingasaclerktothePennsylvaniaAssembly.Apowerfulmemberdidn’tcareforFranklinandthreatenedtomakelifemiserableforhim.Whattodo?Insteadofwinninghimoverwithsweettalk,Franklinaskedifhecouldborrowarareandvaluablebookthemanowned.Thisrequestalteredtheman’sattitudeandpavedthewayfortheirfriendship.Franklin’stakeaway:“Hethathasoncedoneyouakindnesswillbereadytodoyouanother,thenwhomyouyourselfhaveobliged.”Severalstudieshaveconfirmedthis.ButhowcanweexplaintheBenFranklinEffect?Somepsychologistsrefertocognitivedissonance(失調(diào)).It’sdifficulttoholdtwocontradictorythoughtsatthesametime.Itmakesusuncomfortable.Weresolvethistensionbychangingourmind.“Idon’tlikeJoe,butIamdoinghimafavor,”wemightthink.“SomaybeIdolikehim.”Whilecognitivedissonanceexplainsalot,italonedoesn’texplaintheBenFranklinEffect.One2015studyfoundthatitwas,rather,theaffiliative(親和的)motivethattherequestsconvey.Thatis,wehumanswanttomaintaingoodrelationswithotherhumans,andonewaytoachievethisisbydoingfavorsforothers.Thisexplainsalotaboutaltruisticbehavior.Welikebeingusefuland,byextension,welikethosewhogiveustheopportunitytodoso.It’sinourgenes.Yetthereismuchwestilldon’tknowabouttheBenFranklinEffect.Doesitapplyequallyacrosscultures?Isthereapointbeyondwhichaskingafavormakesyouless,notmorelikable?Askingtoborrowabookisonething;askingtoborrowacarisanother.32.WhydoestheauthormentionBenjaminFranklin’sexperience?A.Toillustrateadilemmainmakingchoices. B.Tosuggestawayofstrikingupfriendships.C.Tostresstheimportanceofstrategicrequests. D.TointroducetheoriginoftheBenFranklinEffect.33.Whatisareasonforpeople’stendencytolikethoseaskingforfavors?A.Reducingthetensioncausedbysocialcontact.B.Increasingthechanceofgettinghelpinreturn.C.Avoidingthediscomfortfromconflictingthoughts.D.Establishingacooperativecommunityofsharedtrust.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“altruistic”probablymeaninparagraph4?A.Selfless. B.Impolite. C.Aggressive. D.Responsible.35.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheBenFranklinEffect?A.Itmakeslittlesense. B.Itappliestomostcultures.C.Ithassituationallimitations. D.Ithasgreatpracticalsignificance.【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.C【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了本·富蘭克林效應(yīng)。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Surprisingly,theanswerisPersonB.Thisquirk(怪癖)ofhumannatureisknownastheBenFranklinEffect.(令人驚訝的是，答案是B型這種人性的怪癖被稱為本·富蘭克林效應(yīng)。)”和第二段的“BenjaminFranklincameacrossthephenomenonin1736whenservingasaclerktothePennsylvaniaAssembly.Apowerfulmemberdidn’tcareforFranklinandthreatenedtomakelifemiserableforhim.Whattodo?Insteadofwinninghimoverwithsweettalk,Franklinaskedifhecouldborrowarareandvaluablebookthemanowned.Thisrequestalteredtheman’sattitudeandpavedthewayfortheirfriendship.Franklin’stakeaway:“Hethathasoncedoneyouakindnesswillbereadytodoyouanother,thanhewhomyouyourselfhaveobliged.”(本杰明·富蘭克林(BenjaminFranklin)在1736年擔(dān)任賓夕法尼亞州議會(huì)書記員時(shí)遇到了這種現(xiàn)象。一個(gè)有權(quán)有勢(shì)的成員不喜歡富蘭克林，并威脅要讓他的生活很痛苦。該怎么辦？富蘭克林沒有用甜言蜜語來說服他，而是問他是否可以借他擁有的一本珍貴的書。這個(gè)請(qǐng)求改變了男人的態(tài)度，為他們的友誼鋪平了道路。富蘭克林的結(jié)論是：“曾經(jīng)善待過你的人，會(huì)比你所善待的人更愿意為你做另一件事?！?”可推斷，作者提到本杰明·富蘭克林的經(jīng)歷為了介紹“本杰明·富蘭克林效應(yīng)”的起源。故選D。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Somepsychologistsrefertocognitivedissonance(失調(diào)).It’sdifficulttoholdtwocontradictorythoughtsatthesametime.Itmakesusuncomfortable.(一些心理學(xué)家稱之為認(rèn)知失調(diào)。同時(shí)持有兩種相互矛盾的思想是很難的。這讓我們感到不舒服。)”可知，人們傾向于喜歡尋求幫助的人是因?yàn)檎J(rèn)知失調(diào)，即避免持有矛盾的想法帶來的不適。故選C。【34題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文“One2015studyfoundthatitwas,rather,theaffiliative(親和的)motivethattherequestsconvey.Thatis,wehumanswanttomaintaingoodrelationswithotherhumans,andonewaytoachievethisisbydoingfavorsforothers.(2015年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，更確切地說，這是請(qǐng)求所傳達(dá)的親和動(dòng)機(jī)。也就是說，我們?nèi)祟愊Ｍc他人保持良好的關(guān)系，而實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的一種方式就是幫助他人。)”以及下文“Welikebeingusefuland,byextension,welikethosewhogiveustheopportunitytodoso.It’sinourgenes.(我們喜歡成為有用的人，推而廣之，我們喜歡那些給我們這樣做機(jī)會(huì)的人。這是我們的基因。)”可推斷，劃線詞所在句說明人類希望通過幫助他人來保持良好的關(guān)系，這解釋了無私的行為，因此推斷畫線詞與selfless“無私的”意思相近。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Yetthereismuchwestilldon’tknowabouttheBenFranklinEffect.Doesitapplyequallyacrosscultures?Isthereapointbeyondwhichaskingafavormakesyouless,notmorelikable?Askingtoborrowabookisonething;askingtoborrowacarisanother.(然而，我們對(duì)本·富蘭克林效應(yīng)還有很多不了解的地方。它在不同文化中都適用嗎？有沒有一個(gè)點(diǎn)，超過了這個(gè)點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)求別人幫忙會(huì)讓你更不討人喜歡，而不是更討人喜歡？借書是一回事；向別人借車是另一回事。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為本·富蘭克林效應(yīng)有情境限制。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theysayscubadivingopensupaworldofpossibilities,fromlearningnewskillstoexploringplacesbeyondyourimagination.Afewyearsago,IwasluckyenoughtoexperiencealltheseonareefdiveattheGiliIslandsinIndonesia.Aftermyfirstdive,Irealizedthatithasfarmoreincommonwithyogathanitdoeswithextremesports.Onland,switchingoffyourbraincanbeastruggle.Breathingissomethingthatjusthappenswithoutthinking.Whenyou’rediving,it’satotallydifferentballgame.___36___You’resuddenlyawareofhowyourmovementsconnectwitheachintakeofbreath.It’shardtofeeldistracted(分神的)whendiving.Natureisputtingonsuchashow-stoppingperformancethatyourattentionisfullyabsorbed.You’rerightthereonthestage,inthemoment.___37___SomethingIhadn’treallyconsideredbeforemyfirstscubadivewasjusthowhuman-centricourlivesareonland.Everythingseemstogoaroundthehumanexperience.Butwhenyoudive,it’sadifferentstoryentirely.___38___Aguestinsomeoneelse’shome.___39___Almosteverythinginfrontofyouisaliveandpartofadelicateecosystemoflife.Here,clownfishweaveamongtheanemones(海葵)andparrotfishfeedontheirfavoritecoral(珊瑚).___40___Nothingisourstotakeortouch.Suddenly,yourownworldfeelsrathertinyandyourealizeyou’rejustpartoftheworld.A.Allofasudden,you’retheoutsider.B.Everythingherehasitsplaceandpurpose.C.Thisiswhatlivinginthepresentfeelslike.D.Rarelydoyoutakethetimetostopandjust“be”.E.Exploringtheunderseaworldisahumblingexperience.F.Yourbreathingbecomesslow,purposefulandrhythmic.G.Yourheartraces,yourbreathquickensandlogicalthinkinggoesout.【答案】36.F37.C38.A39.E40.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在印度尼西亞吉利群島潛水時(shí)的一些感悟，包括潛水與瑜伽的相似之處、潛水時(shí)專注的感受、潛水讓人意識(shí)到自己只是世界的一部分等?！?6題詳解】上文“Onland,switchingoffyourbraincanbeastruggle.Breathingissomethingthatjusthappenswithoutthinking.Whenyou’rediving,it’satotallydifferentballgame.(在陸地上，讓大腦停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)可能是一件難事。呼吸卻是自然而然發(fā)生的事情，無需思考。但當(dāng)你潛水時(shí)，情況就完全不同了)”指出潛水時(shí)呼吸與陸地上不同，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Yourbreathingbecomesslow,purposefulandrhythmic.(你的呼吸變得緩慢、有目的性和節(jié)奏感)”承接上文，說明潛水時(shí)呼吸的變化，上文形成對(duì)比，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“It’shardtofeeldistracted(分神的)whendiving.Natureisputtingonsuchashow-stoppingperformancethatyourattentionisfullyabsorbed.You