2024-2025高中英語Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars課時(shí)作業(yè)2含解析新人教版必修3

PAGEUnit4AstronomythescienceofthestarsⅠ.單句語法填空1．TheplantProfessorLiisstudyingexists(exist)onlyinAustralia.2．Thecourseisdesignedtohelpstudentstounderstandthestructureofthosetwosystems(system)．3．Scientistsdevelopedseveraltheories(theory)onwhatelsemightdeterminewhichhandyouwritewith.4．Becauseoftheviolent(violence)wind,manypeoplecouldn'tgotowork.5．Thefour-year-oldRussiangirlhasdrawnglobal(globe)attentionforhergreatgiftforlanguages.6．Unlike(like)thetraditionintheWest,thefamilynameinChinaisputfirst,whichisfollowedbythegivenname.7．Theairisharmful(harm)tohealth,soyoumustn'tentertheroom.8．Overthepasttenyears,Mr.Greenhas_multiplied(multiply)hismoneymanytimes.9．Wewerepuzzled(puzzle)aboutthesuddendisappearanceofourguideatthatmoment.10．Thegovernmentisspendingbillions(billion)ofdollarsonnewrailprojects.Ⅱ.閱讀理解Marsisthesecond-smallestplanetintheSolarSystem.AndliketheEarth,theclimateofMarshaschangedovertime.Today,Marsiscoldanddryandliquidwaterisnotstableonthesurface.However,Marshasvalleynetworks,deltasandlakedeposits(沉積物).Itmeansitmusthavehadfreelyflowingwateratsomepoint,probablyaround4billionyearsago.Butclimatemodelsoftheplanet'sdeeppasthaven'tbeenabletoproducewarmenoughconditionstoallowliquidwateronthesurface.“TherearepeopletryingtomodelMars'ancientclimateusingthesamekindofmodelsweusehereonEarth,andthey'rehavingareallyhardtimedoingit.It'sdifficulttocreateawarmancientMarsbecausetheSunwaslessbrighterthenandthewholeSolarSystemwascooleratthattime，”saidBrionyHorgan,anassistantprofessorofearth,atmosphereandplanetsciencesatPurdueUniversity.“Whilealotofpeopleareusingclimatemodels,we'recomingatthisfromaspecialview—whatdothevolcanic(火山的)recordsofMarstellus？”Volcaniceruptions(噴發(fā))alwayshappenedthroughoutMars'earlyhistory.Whenvolcanoeseruptundertheice,themixtureofheatandmeltwatercouldcreateflat-toppedmountainscalled“tuyas”，ortablemountains.“WenowhavedatathatsaytherehadtohavebeeniceonMarsatsomepoint，”saidAckiss,aPh.D.candidateatPurdue.Ifresearcherscouldfindevidenceforthevolcanicactivityundericeelsewhere,itwouldmakesurethecaseforaverycoldancientMars.Butdon'tfear,spacelovers.Thisdoesn'tkillthepossibilityofpastlifeonMars.“EvenifMarswasacoldandicywasteland,thesevolcaniceruptionsactingwithicecouldhavecreatedalittlehappyplaceforlifetoexist，”Horgansaid.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了科學(xué)家BrionyHorgan依據(jù)火山運(yùn)動預(yù)料過去火星的氣候。1．AccordingtoParagraph1,MarsinourSolarSystem________.A．hadwaterlongagoB．hascoldandwetclimateC．hasvalleysandlakesnowD．isthesecondlargestplanet答案與解析：A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Itmeansitmusthavehadfreelyflowingwateratsomepoint,probablyaround4billionyearsago.”可知，過去火星上有水。2．WhentalkingabouttheresearchofMars'ancientclimate,BrionyHorgan________.A．wasconfusedaboutthechangeofitB．suggestedstudyingitinthetraditionalwayC．wasforclimatemodelsusedonEarthforitD．consideredvolcanicrecordsasimportantevidence答案與解析：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Whilealotofpeopleareusingclimatemodels,we'recomingatthisfromaspecialview...”可知，BrionyHorgan認(rèn)為火山記錄是探討過去火星氣候很重要的證據(jù)。3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．TherewasnoiceonMarsinolddays.B．TheremightbelivingthingsonancientMars.C．Thevolcaniceruptionsshowedevidenceoflife.D．ThevolcanoesonMarseruptfrequentlynowadays.答案與解析：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Thisdoesn'tkillthepossibilityofpastlifeonMars.”以及“thesevolcaniceruptionsactingwithicecouldhavecreatedalittlehappyplaceforlifetoexist”可知，過去火星上可能會存在生命。Ⅲ.完形填空WildfirescontinuesweepingacrossSouthernCalifornia.Somefamiliesarereturninghometofindtheirhousesarecompletely__1__andmanythingsturnedtodustandashes(灰燼).It's__2__，butstoriesofhope,liketheonefromthisVenturaCountycouple,arebeginningto__3__.DonandJulieMyershadbeenevacuated(撤離)fromtheirhome,andwhentheyreturned,theydidn't__4__tofindsomethingsafterthebigfire.Thecouplehadasafetybox.__5__，whentheyopenedit,itseemedthateverythingwas__6__.Still,thefirefighterson-sitehelpedthem__7__thesafetyboxcarefullyjust__8__therewasanythingthatcanbesaved.Don__9__tolookthroughtheremnants(遺留物),andbydoingso,hefoundhiswife'soriginalweddingring.Juliehastworings:theoriginalone,whichwas__10__inthesafetybox,andanewonethatDonboughtfortheir25thanniversary.Shewas__11__thenewringatthetimeofthefire.Oncetheyfoundtheoriginalring,Dongotdownononekneeandre-proposed(再次求婚)toJulie,provingthatintimesof__12__，actsoflovewinthevictory.“Itwastruly__13__thathefoundit.Ihadthoughtwehad__14__itbecauseeverythingelsewastotallydamaged，”Juliesays.“Mysonphotographedtheproposal.ItwasverymeaningfulandIwasterribly__15__.”“ThesupportfromthepeopleinthecityofVenturawasamazing，”Juliesays.Sheadvisesthosewhowanttoofferhelpto__16__shoppingcards,becausemostpeoplehavesomanythingsto__17__afterbigdisasters.__18__，thewildfiresinSouthernCaliforniahave__19__230,000acresofland,includingpartsofLosAngeles,SanDiego,Riverside,Ventura,andSantaBarbaracounties.Thereareseveralorganizationsthatarelookingfor__20__andcontributions;youcanfindmoreinformationhere.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，一場大火吞噬了南加利福尼亞，Don和Julie也在大火中失去家園，但他們的結(jié)婚戒指卻在大火中失而復(fù)得。大火還見證了人們之間的無私救濟(jì)和真情。1．A.destroyedB．removedC．missedD．decorated答案與解析：A'依據(jù)下文的“manythingsturnedtodustandashes”可知，大火持續(xù)吞噬南加利福尼亞，一些家庭重返家園，發(fā)覺他們的房子完全被焚毀(destroyed)。2．A.touchingB．heartbreakingC．disappointingD．surprising答案與解析：B'大火毀掉了一切，所以可推想，這是令人難過的(heartbreaking)。3．A.changeB．hideC．compareD．a(chǎn)ppear答案與解析：D'盡管大火無情，充溢希望的故事還是有的，結(jié)合下文，Don和JulieMyers的愛情故事出現(xiàn)奇跡，故可推出答案。4．A.expectB．stopC．rememberD．a(chǎn)gree答案與解析：A'依據(jù)上文的“manythingsturnedtodustandashes”可推想，他們并沒有期盼(expect)能在大火后找到點(diǎn)什么東西。5．A.ThereforeB．HoweverC．BesidesD．Otherwise答案與解析：B'依據(jù)上文的“Thecouplehadasafetybox.”可推想，雖然他們有一個(gè)保險(xiǎn)箱，但(However)當(dāng)他們打開它，卻發(fā)覺幾乎全部的東西都被毀掉了。6．A.unrecognizableB．completeC．impossibleD．wonderful答案與解析：A'火勢如此之大，箱子里的許多東西都變得無法分辨(unrecognizable)。7．A.checkB．fillC．closeD．empty答案與解析：A'依據(jù)下文的“l(fā)ookthroughtheremnants”可知，在場的消防員幫他們查看(check)保險(xiǎn)箱。8．A.incaseB．a(chǎn)sifC．nowthatD．orelse答案與解析：A'在場的消防員幫他們查看保險(xiǎn)箱，以防(incase)還能找到一些可以挽救的東西。9．A.pretendedB．regrettedC．refusedD．continued答案與解析：D'Don接著(continued)在大火燒過的遺留物中找尋。10．A.stuckB．keptC．forgottenD．left答案與解析：B'他們有兩個(gè)戒指，以前的結(jié)婚戒指保存(kept)在保險(xiǎn)箱里。11．A.takingoffB．researchingC．breakingupD．wearing答案與解析：D'在火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)，Julie戴著(wearing)新戒指。12．A.determinationB．disasterC．congratulationD．depression答案與解析：B'Don的這個(gè)舉動證明，在災(zāi)難時(shí)刻，愛的行動最終會賽過一切。依據(jù)語境，他們找到結(jié)婚戒指時(shí)正處于災(zāi)難現(xiàn)場，故可推出答案。13．A.amazingB．a(chǎn)musingC．frighteningD．a(chǎn)nnoying答案與解析：A'能在大火灰燼中找到結(jié)婚戒指，這種結(jié)局的確讓人驚異(amazing)。14．A.thrownB．discoveredC．mistakenD．lost答案與解析：D'Don原以為會失去(lost)那枚結(jié)婚戒指，因?yàn)橐磺卸急淮蠡馃妹婺咳恰?5．A.movedB．nervousC．proudD．upset答案與解析：A'依據(jù)上文的“ItwasverymeaningfulandIwasterribly”可推想Julie是很感動的(moved)。16．A.rentB．putupC．giveawayD．lend答案與解析：C'她建議想要供應(yīng)幫助的人可以給他們捐(giveaway)一些購物卡。17．A.selectB．replaceC．repairD．design答案與解析：B'大火過后，大多數(shù)家庭的物品須要置換(replace)，因?yàn)樗麄兗抑胸?cái)產(chǎn)幾乎付之一炬。18．A.UnfortunatelyB．StrangelyC．SuddenlyD．Eagerly答案與解析：A'不幸的是(Unfortunately)，南加州的野火燒毀了230,000英畝的土地。19．A.ignoredB．surroundedC．burnedD．buried答案與解析：C'因?yàn)榘l(fā)生的是大火，故應(yīng)當(dāng)是燒毀了(burned)230,000英畝的土地。20．A.volunteersB．leadersC．competitorsD．employees答案與解析：A'大火過后，一些救援組織須要的應(yīng)當(dāng)是志愿者(volunteers)和人們捐贈的物資。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)IwillneverforgetwhathappenedlastChristmas.Thatday,Ihadbadcold.WhileIwaswaitingmyturnonthedoctor'soffice,anoldmanandhiswifecametothefrontdesk.Thehusbandhadtroublebreathe.Astheywerepaying,Iheardthenursesaypolite,“Althoughyouareonmedicalhelp,butyoustillhavetogivemeanother$1.50.”“Butyouhaveonly50cents，”thewifesaidsadly.Hearingthis,IwalkedoverandsaidthatIwillpaytheremaining$1.00.Theyweresuchthankfulthattheygavethankto