2024-2025學(xué)年湖北省黃岡市高三上學(xué)期9月調(diào)研考試一模英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省黃岡市高三2024-2025學(xué)年上學(xué)期9月調(diào)研考試一模英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillthemanseeMike?A.NextThursday.B.NextMonday.C.ThisSunday.2.Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Photography.B.Goingshooting.C.Makingcheese.3.Howmuchwillthewomanpaytotally?A.$115.B.$130.C.$145.4.Whatwilltheboydowithherusedcomputer?A.Giveitaway.B.Throwitaway.C.Continueusingit.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themagazineisforkids.B.Loosejeansareoutdated.C.Sheisgoodatfashiondesign.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題.6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shecansparesometime.B.Sheoftengoestotheconcert.C.Sheisgoodatdrawingdiagrams.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodotonight?A.Togototheconcert.B.Tojoinherfavoriteband.C.Toprioritizeherpaperwriting.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8.Wherearethetwospeakersnow?A.Athome.B.Inthecinema.C.Atthestadium.9.WhatwillPeterdonext?A.Gotosleep.B.Drinksomecoffee.C.MakeanicedAmerican.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Thetouristandthetravelagent.B.Thepassengerandtheairportassistant.C.Thecustomerandtheticketbookingofficer.11.Whatcausestheman’sproblem?A.Thedeparturetimeischanged.B.TheITteamdoesn’tworkeffectively.C.Theboardingsystemhastechnicalproblems.12.Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A.Themanmissedtheflight.B.Themanwillgetaprivilegeofboarding.C.Theman’sflighthasbeenrescheduledalready.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13.Wheredothespeakersmostlikelywork?A.Atabicyclestore.B.Atatravelcompany.C.Atacommunitycenter.14.Whatdidthewomanadjust?A.Thehotel.B.Thetransportation.C.Thetourplan.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthecommunitypark?A.Itisnotfaraway.B.Itissuitableforbiking.C.Itispopularwiththeparticipants.16.WhatdoesLizzyrecommend?A.Offeringhandouts.B.Changingtheroute.C.Reorganizingthetour.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17.Whatwillthefirstweekbelike?A.Enjoyable.B.Worrying.C.Challenging.18.Whatisimportantforthelistenersinthefirstweek?A.Tohelponeanother.B.Tobeclearabouttheirwork.C.Totrytoremembereverything.19.Whyarethelistenersadvisedtotalktomanypeople?A.Theycangetusefulinformation.B.Theycangetfamiliarwiththem.C.Theycangetsuggestionsfromthem.20.Whowillassistthelistenersinfindingtheirareasforimprovement?A.Thespeaker.B.Themanager.C.Thenewformalemployees.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheParis2024OlympicGamesboastsadiverserangeofsportingevents,amongwhichinnovativeadditionsaresuretocaptivateaudiencesworldwide.BreakdanceDescription:Breakdance,AKAbreakingorB-boying,isanurbandancestylethatcombinesacrobaticmoves,complexfootwork,andadistinctiveDJandMCpresence.Events:Men’sandWomen’ssingles,with16athleteseachcompetingin1VS1battles.KeyElements:Athletesperformcombinationsofmovessuchasthe6-step,andfreezes,judgedonexecution,creativity,andstyle.SkateboardingDescription:Astreet-inspiredsportwheremaleandfemaleathletesperformavarietyoftricksonskateboards,featuringtwovenues:ParkandStreet.Events:Park(aconcavecoursewithcurvesandramps)andStreet(astraightcoursewithstairs,rails,andotherobstaclesmimicking(模擬)urbanenvironments),awardingfourgoldmedals.KeyElements:Tricks,andGrabsarejudgedonexecution,creativity,andflow.SportClimbingDescription:SportClimbingisamodernsportthatrequiresathletestonavigatevariousheightsandanglesofartificialrockwalls,performingmovesliketurns,pull-ups,jumps,andmore.Events:Bouldering,LeadClimbing,andSpeedClimbing,withmen’sandwomen’seventsinSpeedandCombined.KeyElements:Athletesarejudgedonspeed,accuracy,andpowerinSpeedClimbing,andonroutecompletion,difficulty,andstyleinBoulderingandLeadClimbing.SurfingDescription:Surfinginvolvesridingwavesusingasurfboard,showcasingathletes’skill,balance,andcourageinthesea.Events:Men’sandWomen’sshortboardevents,whereathletesperformtechnicalmaneuversonwaves.KeyElements:Judgesevaluateathletesbasedonthedifficulty,variety,andexecutionoftheirmaneuvers,aswellastheirspeedandfluidity.TheParis2024OlympicGamesofferinnovativenewadditionswithuniquetwists,whichpromisetodeliverathrillingandmemorableexperience.AndreturntohomepagetofindmoreaboutUniqueAspectsofTraditionalSports.1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBreakdance?A.Athletesneedtoperformwithhighspeed.B.Thegameispopularbothincitiesandruralareas.C.Menandwomencanbattle1VS1inthesamegame.D.Athleteswhoperformcreativelymaygethighscores.2.Whatdothefoursportingeventshaveincommon?A.Theyareallperformedoutdoors.B.Theirvenuesmustmeetstrictrequirements.C.Theygivefairopportunitiestomenandwomen.D.Theyarealleasilyinfluencedbybadweather.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aposter. B.Awebsite. C.Abrochure. D.Amagazine.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)新增的一些創(chuàng)意運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Breakdance下面的“KeyElements:Athletesperformcombinationsofmovessuchasthe6-step,andfreezes,judgedonexecution,creativity,andstyle.(關(guān)鍵要素：運(yùn)動(dòng)員完成六步和定點(diǎn)等動(dòng)作組合，這些要根據(jù)執(zhí)行力、創(chuàng)造力和風(fēng)格來(lái)裁判。)”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)員的表現(xiàn)要根據(jù)執(zhí)行力、創(chuàng)造力和風(fēng)格來(lái)裁判，由此可推測(cè)，運(yùn)動(dòng)員動(dòng)作富有創(chuàng)造性，得分會(huì)更高，答案為D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Breakdance下面的“Events:Men’sandWomen’ssingles,with16athleteseachcompetingin1VS1battles.(賽事：男子和女子單項(xiàng)，各有16名運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加1VS1比賽。)”、Skateboarding下面的“Description:Astreet-inspiredsportwheremaleandfemaleathletesperformavarietyoftricksonskateboards,featuringtwovenues:ParkandStreet.(描述：這是一項(xiàng)街頭運(yùn)動(dòng)，男女運(yùn)動(dòng)員在滑板上表演各種技巧，有兩個(gè)場(chǎng)地：公園和街道。)”、SportClimbing下面的“Events:Bouldering,LeadClimbing,andSpeedClimbing,withmen’sandwomen’seventsinSpeedandCombined.(活動(dòng)：攀石、難度和速度攀巖，包括男子和女子速度和組合項(xiàng)目。)”、Surfing下面的“Events:Men’sandWomen’sShortboardevents,whereathletesperformtechnicalmaneuversonwaves.(項(xiàng)目：男子和女子短板項(xiàng)目，運(yùn)動(dòng)員在波浪上進(jìn)行技術(shù)動(dòng)作。)”可知，四個(gè)比賽項(xiàng)目中男女均可參加，故答案為C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。從最后一段中的“AndreturntohomepagetofindmoreaboutUniqueAspectsofTraditionalSports.(返回主頁(yè)，了解更多關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)體育的獨(dú)特方面。)”可推知該文出自某網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容。故答案為B。B“Goodmorning,passengers!WelcomeaboardBusNo.38.”At6:30AM,thecoolmorningbreezeblowsasFengZhiliang,a43-year-olddriverwith15years’experienceatHandanPublicTransport,greetsthefirstpassengers.Seatedinthedriver’scab,hefastenshisseatbelt,readytosetoff.Feng’srecentviralvideocomesfromhisbilingual(雙語(yǔ)的)stopannouncementsinChineseandEnglish,captivatingnetizens.Someremark,“It’slikealuxuriousflightforjusttwoyuan!”,praisingHandan’sharmoniouscombinationoftraditionandmodernity.ThistransformationstartedwhenFenggreetedagroupofforeignpassengerswith“Hello.HappyNewYear!”duringtheSpringFestival.Encouragedbytheirpositivefeedback,hesawanopportunitytoservethemanyforeignersridinghisbus.Determinedtoimprovecommunication,FengstartedanEnglishlearningjourney.Startingfromzero,hewasburiedinonlinecourses,soughtEnglishmaterials,andusedtranslationsoftwaretoenhancehisskills.Today,hisbilingualannouncementsreflecthisdedicationandHandan’sculturalcharm.Eachevening,afterdroppingoffhislastpassengers,Fengreturnedhomearound9:00pm,exhaustedbutdetermined.Despitehistiredness,he’dcontinuestudyingforanhour,evenmakingthebestofhis20-minutebreak.Inspiredbyhiscolleaguesandafterthreeyearsofunstoppedpreparation,Fengboldlytriedbilingualannouncementsduringpeakhoursinearly2023.Initiallynervous,hereceivedoverwhelmingencouragementfrompassengers,strengtheninghisresolvetomakebilingualannouncementsanessentialpart.“Takingthatfirststepwasdiscouraging,butthepositivefeedbackfueledmypassion,”Fengrecalled.“It’sbecomeagoalandacherishedwish.”Now,overayearandahalflater,Feng’sbilingualannouncementshavegatheredadevotedfanbase.PassengerseagerlyboardtheNo.38bustoimmersethemselvesinhisenrichinglanguageexperience,whileparentsbringtheirchildrenalongfortheeducationalride.Feng’sdedicationhastransformedhisroutinebusridesintolinguisticadventures,captivatingheartsandmindsalike.4.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceimplyinPara.2?A.Feng’soralEnglishisperfect.B.Fengdrivesthebusasfastasaplane.C.Feng’sbusoffersthesameluxuryandcomfortasaplane.D.Feng’sbusprovidesabilingualatmospheresimilartothatofplane.5.WhatinspiredFenginitiallytoannouncethestopsbilingually?A.EnhancinghisoralEnglish.B.Attractingmorepassengerstoboardhisbus.C.ReflectingHandan’sculturalcharmtothepassengers.D.Betterservingforeignersonhisbusaftertheirthumbs-up.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFeng?A.Braveandpatriotic. B.Strong-willedanddiligent.C.Devotedandpatient. D.Considerateandfrank.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.AllroadsleadtoRome. B.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.C.Wherethereiswill,thereisaway. D.Amancandonomorethanhecan.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了邯鄲公交車(chē)司機(jī)馮志亮用雙語(yǔ)報(bào)站，收獲了一大批粉絲。【4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Feng’srecentviralvideocomesfromhisbilingual(雙語(yǔ)的)stopannouncementsinChineseandEnglish,captivatingnetizens.(馮最近迅速傳播的視頻來(lái)自他的中英文雙語(yǔ)停站公告，吸引了網(wǎng)民。)”可知，馮志亮的公交車(chē)采用雙語(yǔ)播報(bào)，讓乘客們僅用兩塊錢(qián)就體驗(yàn)到了坐飛機(jī)時(shí)雙語(yǔ)播音的感覺(jué)。故答案為D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Encouragedbytheirpositivefeedback,hesawanopportunitytoservethemanyforeignersridinghisbus.(受到他們積極反饋的鼓勵(lì)，他看到了一個(gè)為乘坐他公交車(chē)的許多外國(guó)人服務(wù)的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，馮志亮是受到外國(guó)乘客的鼓舞，讓他看到了為乘坐他的公交車(chē)的許多外國(guó)人更好服務(wù)的機(jī)會(huì)。故答案為D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Eachevening,afterdroppingoffhislastpassengers,Fengreturnedhomearound9:00pm,exhaustedbutdetermined.Despitehistiredness,he’dcontinuestudyingforanhour,evenmakingthebestofhis20-minutebreak.(每天晚上，在放下最后一批乘客后，馮都會(huì)在晚上9點(diǎn)左右回到家，雖然筋疲力盡，但意志堅(jiān)定。盡管很累，他還是繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)了一個(gè)小時(shí)，甚至充分利用了20分鐘的休息時(shí)間。)”可知，馮志亮在休息間隙的20分鐘里，在晚上九點(diǎn)下班后一直堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明他是是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定又勤奮的人。故答案為B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Determinedtoimprovecommunication,FengstartedanEnglishlearningjourney.(決心提高溝通，馮開(kāi)始了英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)之旅。)”、第四段“Startingfromzero,hewasburiedinonlinecourses,soughtEnglishmaterials,andusedtranslationsoftwaretoenhancehisskills.Today,hisbilingualannouncementsreflecthisdedicationandHandan’sculturalcharm.(從零開(kāi)始，他沉迷于在線(xiàn)課程，尋找英語(yǔ)材料，并使用翻譯軟件來(lái)提高自己的技能。今天，他的雙語(yǔ)公告反映了他的奉獻(xiàn)精神和邯鄲的文化魅力。)”和最后一段中的“Now,overayearandahalflater,Feng’sbilingualannouncementshavegatheredadevotedfanbase.(現(xiàn)在，一年半過(guò)去了，馮的雙語(yǔ)廣告已經(jīng)吸引了一批忠實(shí)的粉絲。)”可知，馮志亮為了雙語(yǔ)報(bào)站，提高公交車(chē)服務(wù)系統(tǒng)的溝通效果，從零基礎(chǔ)開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，克服了很多困難和挑戰(zhàn)，最終贏得了乘客的紛紛點(diǎn)贊和認(rèn)可，實(shí)現(xiàn)了他的心愿和目標(biāo)。由此可推測(cè)出，C項(xiàng)“有志者事竟成”最符合題意。故答案為C。CInNovember1996,theNationalArtMuseumofChinareceivedadonationof117paintings,sculpturesandinstallationsmadeafter1970byEuropeanandUSartists.Featuredartistsincludeimportantfiguresofmodernandcontemporaryart,suchasAndyWarhol,PabloPicasso,JasperJohns,RoyLichtenstein,GerhardRichterandDavidHockney.ThedonationwasmadebyGermancollectorsIreneandPeterLudwig.ThecoupletraveledinmanyChinesecitiesinthe1980sand1990s,witnessingwhatwashappeningfollowingthecountry’sreformandopening-up.PeterLudwig,anindustrialistwhoheldaPhDinarthistory,initialedadonationagreementwiththemuseuminMay1996butdiedtwomonthslater.HiswidowIreneLudwigattendedthedonationceremonyandexhibition.YangLizhou,thenthemuseum’svicedirector,recalledthatwhenPeterLudwigvisitedChinatodiscussaboutdonation,hewasnotverydeterminedbutsaid“YES”afterYangtoldhimthatonequarteroftheworld’spopulationwouldsupportandrememberhimforhisgenerosity.ThemuseumhastouredtheLudwigcollectioninmanycitiesoverthepasttwodecades,broadeningpeople’svisionoffinearts.ManyChineseartistsandartresearchershadtheirfirstlookatarealPicassoandalso,gottoknowaboutthescopeanddepthofcontemporaryart.Andnowitexhibits50worksfromthecollectiontoagainmarktheimportanceofthecouple’scontributiontoChineseartcirclesandarteducation.ThisportraitofPeterLudwigshowsahighlyrecognizablestyleofpopartfigureAndyWarhol.Warholportrayedmanycelebritiesofvariousfields,includingart,literature,movie,musicandpolitics,inthe1970s,suchasMarilynMonroeandElvisPresley.Sketchylinesandacombinationofbrightcolorshighlightthesubject’sdistinctivepersonality,andbringhimclosertotheaudience.TheLudwigdonatedanotherthreePicassopaintings,inwhichManandWomanbyaFlowerVasewascompletedthreeyearsbeforehedied.Thepaintingexpressedfascinationsofloveandtheburdenitbringsbymergingtheimagesofawomanandaman,wheretheyseemphysicallyindependentwhileboundbyscarfsreluctantlywhichmadethemanlookdejected.ThispaintingisdistinctivefromothermasterpiecesofPicasso.8.WhatmadePeterfinallydecidetodonatehiscollections?A.Yang’sencouragement. B.Hispassionforfinearts.C.China’sreformandopening-up. D.HiswealthandaPhDinarthistory.9.Whatistheinfluenceofthecouple’sdonation?A.Makingthemuseummoresplendid.B.LayingasolidfoundationforChineseartcircle.C.WideningChinesepeople’shorizonofelegantarts.D.Deepeningpeople’sunderstandingoftraditionalart.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dejected”inPara6mean?A.Depressed. B.Delighted. C.Dedicated. D.Deserted.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Theimportantfiguresofmodernart.B.AGermancouple’sshiningachievements.C.AgenerousgiftpackagefromaGermancouple.D.ThesignificanceofaGermancouple’sdonation.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了一對(duì)德國(guó)夫婦贈(zèng)送給中國(guó)的當(dāng)代藝術(shù)大禮包?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段“YangLizhou,thenthemuseum’svicedirector,recalledthatwhenPeterLudwigvisitedChinatodiscussaboutdonation,hewasnotverydeterminedbutsaid“YES”afterYangtoldhimthatonequarteroftheworld’spopulationwouldsupportandrememberhimforhisgenerosity.”（當(dāng)時(shí)的博物館副館長(zhǎng)楊立州回憶說(shuō)，當(dāng)彼得·路德維希訪(fǎng)問(wèn)中國(guó)討論捐贈(zèng)問(wèn)題時(shí)，他并不是很堅(jiān)定，但在楊鼓勵(lì)他，世界上四分之一的人口會(huì)支持并記住他的慷慨后，他答應(yīng)了捐贈(zèng)）可知，楊的鼓勵(lì)使彼得最終決定捐贈(zèng)他的收藏。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ThemuseumhastouredtheLudwigcollectioninmanycitiesoverthepasttwodecades,broadeningpeople’svisionoffinearts.”（在過(guò)去的二十年里，博物館在許多城市展出了路德維希的藏品，拓寬了人們對(duì)美術(shù)的視野。）可知，這對(duì)德國(guó)夫婦的捐贈(zèng)拓寬了中國(guó)人的藝術(shù)視野，提升了對(duì)藝術(shù)的鑒賞和理解，故選C?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。從前文“Thepaintingexpressedfascinationsofloveandtheburdenitbringsbymergingtheimagesofawomanandaman,wheretheyseemphysicallyindependentwhileboundbyscarfsreluctantly”（這幅畫(huà)融合了一個(gè)女人和一個(gè)男人的形象，表現(xiàn)了愛(ài)情的魅力和它帶來(lái)的負(fù)擔(dān)，他們似乎身體上獨(dú)立，但被圍巾勉強(qiáng)束縛。）可知，他們似乎身體上獨(dú)立，但被圍巾束縛，這使男人看起來(lái)很沮喪?？芍?jiǎng)澗€(xiàn)單詞dejected的意思為“不高興的，沮喪的”，故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“InNovember1996,theNationalArtMuseumofChinareceivedadonationof117paintings,sculpturesandinstallationsmadeafter1970byEuropeanandUSartists.”（1996年11月，中國(guó)美術(shù)館收到了117件歐美藝術(shù)家1970年以后的繪畫(huà)、雕塑和裝置作品的捐贈(zèng)。）以及第二段“ThedonationwasmadebyGermancollectorsIreneandPeterLudwig.ThecoupletraveledinmanyChinesecitiesinthe1980sand1990s,witnessingwhatwashappeningfollowingthecountry’sreformandopening-up.”（這筆捐款是由德國(guó)收藏家艾琳和彼得·路德維希捐贈(zèng)的。這對(duì)夫婦在20世紀(jì)80年代和90年代走遍了中國(guó)的許多城市，見(jiàn)證了中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放后發(fā)生的一切。）可知，文敘述了一對(duì)德國(guó)夫婦贈(zèng)送給中國(guó)的當(dāng)代藝術(shù)大禮包。所以短文的標(biāo)題為“一對(duì)德國(guó)夫婦送的大禮包?！惫蔬xC。DForgettingisafactoflifethatmanypeoplefindfrustrating.Butgrowingevidencepushesbackatthebeliefthatasliporescapeinourrecollectionisevidentlybad.Indeed,forgettingcansometimeshelppeoplecopepsychologicallyorletgoofuselessknowledge.Inanewstudy,neuroscientistTomasRyanofTrinityCollegeDubliandhiscolleagueshaveexaminedthefundamentalbiologyunderlyingaformofforgettingweexperienceeveryday.Theirworksuggeststhatwhenwecan’trecallanoldphonenumberorahighschoolteacher’sname,thosedetailsarenotnecessarilylost.AsRyanexplainedtoMindMatterseditorDaisyYuhas,forgettingmaybeanactiveprocessthatthebrainusestosupportlearning.Healsodiscussedhowdementia(癡呆)mayultimatelyeffectdisorderedforgettingmorethanlostmemories.Youstudyanideathatsomepeoplemayfindcounter-intuitive(反直覺(jué)的):forgettingcanbepartoflearning.Howso?Weoftenthinkofforgettingasalossofthebrainpoweroralimitation.Memorylossfromdementiaorbraininjury,forexample,canbedevastating.Butwealsoexperience“everydayforgetting”aswegoaboutourlivesbecausethere’sjustsomuchgoingon.We’reexpectedtolearnandretainmanythingsinordertofunctioninmodernsociety.Somearequitearbitrary,suchashavingtomemorizefactsyou’llneverneedagainforschoolexams.Othersarenotsoarbitrarybutarestillquitedemanding,suchastheknowledgeyoubuildtobecomeapracticingdoctor.Althoughwemaythinkofforgettingasatrouble,anditoftenis,itcouldbeafeatureofthebrainratherthanabug.Agrowingbodyofresearchinneuroscienceisstudyingtheideathatforgettingisadaptiveratherthanlimiting.Soforgettingcomesinmanyforms?Therearedifferentkindsthatpeoplegenerallyconsiderdistinct.Wemayusethewordamnesia(健忘癥)forakindofforgettingthatmostpeoplewouldagreeisneitheradaptivenorbeneficial.Someformsofamnesiamakeitdifficulttoformnewmemorieswhileothersmakeitdifficulttorecallmemoriesformedbeforeaninjury.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A.Bydefiningaconcept. B.Bypresentingastudyresult.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Bygivinganexample.13.Whatdoestheauthoragreeinthepassage?A.Dementiamainlyresultsinlostmemories.B.Forgettingmeansimperfectionofthebrain.C.It’sterriblethatthebestfriend’snameescapesme.D.Theknowledgeyouneedtobeateacherisnotarbitrary.14.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Scientiststhinkforgettinglimitsourlife.B.Neuroscientistsareresearchingtheadaptiveroleofforgetting.C.Peoplewouldagreethatamnesiaisharmfulinmostcondition.D.Amnesiadefinitelymakesitchallengingtorecollectmemories.15.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainthereasonsofforgetting. B.Topresenttheprocessofforgetting.C.Toemphasizethebenefitsofforgetting. D.Toclarifythemisunderstandingofforgetting.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要探討了“遺忘”這一現(xiàn)象在生物學(xué)和心理學(xué)上的新理解和研究，指出遺忘并非完全是記憶的喪失，有時(shí)反而是大腦支持學(xué)習(xí)和適應(yīng)環(huán)境的一種機(jī)制。文章通過(guò)神經(jīng)科學(xué)家的研究和觀點(diǎn)，解釋了遺忘在日常生活和學(xué)習(xí)中的作用，以及不同類(lèi)型的遺忘，旨在向讀者傳達(dá)關(guān)于遺忘的科學(xué)理解和新發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Indeed,forgettingcansometimeshelppeoplecopepsychologicallyorletgoofuselessknowledge.(事實(shí)上，遺忘有時(shí)可以幫助人們?cè)谛睦砩蠎?yīng)對(duì)或放棄無(wú)用的知識(shí)。)”可知，作者先陳述這個(gè)研究結(jié)果，再講述研究的具體內(nèi)容，即作者通過(guò)展示研究結(jié)果介紹這篇文章的主題。故答案為B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Othersarenotsoarbitrarybutarestillquitedemanding,suchastheknowledgeyoubuildtobecomeapracticingdoctor.(另一些知識(shí)不那么武斷和任意，但仍然要求很高，比如你為成為執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師而積累的知識(shí))”可知，成為執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師而積累的知識(shí)不是隨意的，可推知成為一名教師所需的知識(shí)也不是隨意的。故答案為D.。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Agrowingbodyofresearchinneuroscienceisstudyingtheideathatforgettingisadaptiveratherthanlimiting(越來(lái)越多的神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究正在研究遺忘是適應(yīng)性的，而不是限制性的。)”可知，神經(jīng)科學(xué)家正在研究遺忘的適應(yīng)性作用。答案為B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)文章第一段“Forgettingisafactoflifethatmanypeoplefindfrustrating.Butgrowingevidencepushesbackatthebeliefthatasliporescapeinourrecollectionisevidentlybad.Indeed,forgettingcansometimeshelppeoplecopepsychologicallyorletgoofuselessknowledge.(遺忘是許多人感到沮喪的生活事實(shí)。但是，越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)推翻了這樣一種觀點(diǎn)，即在我們的記憶中失誤或逃逸顯然是不好的。事實(shí)上，遺忘有時(shí)可以幫助人們?cè)谛睦砩蠎?yīng)對(duì)或放棄無(wú)用的知識(shí)。)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Althoughwemaythinkofforgettingasatrouble,anditoftenis,itcouldbeafeatureofthebrainratherthanabug.Agrowingbodyofresearchinneuroscienceisstudyingtheideathatforgettingisadaptiveratherthanlimiting.(雖然我們可能認(rèn)為遺忘是一種麻煩，而且它經(jīng)常是，但它可能是大腦的一種特征，而不是一種缺陷。越來(lái)越多的神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究正在研究遺忘是適應(yīng)性的，而不是限制性的。)”可知，人們對(duì)遺忘現(xiàn)象存在誤解。遺忘是大腦的特征而不是缺陷，作者具體闡釋和澄清了這一誤解。故答案為D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Peopleperceivehappinessdifferently,withsomeseeingtheglasshalffullwhileothershalfempty.SonjaLyubomirsky,asocialpsychologist,explainedthathappinesscomprisespositiveemotionsandlifesatisfaction.____16____Canyouchangeyoursetrangetobeahappierperson?Shebelievesthatwecanchangehowwethinkandhowwebehaveandalsowecanchangeourhabitsordevelopanewhabit.Happypeopletendtohavesuchcertainhabits.Gowiththe“flow”.Beabsorbedinwhatyoudo.“Whenyou’resofullyengagedinwhatyou’redoingthatyoudon’tnoticethepassageoftime,youareinastatecalled‘flow’,whichisassociatedwithjoy,”Lyubomirskyexplained.“____17____Onthecontrary,trysomethingascasualandrelaxingascompletingagroupprojectattheofficeorenjoyingahobbywithyourpartner.”____18____Whenitcomestoyourhappinesslevel,personalrelationshipshaveabiggerimpactthanmoney,ajobtitleorevenyourhealth.“Spendingmorequalitytimewithyourpartner,spouse,orkids,orreconnectingwitholdfriends,aresure-firewaystoincreaseyourownandothers’averagelevelsofjoy.”Lyubomirskysaid“pickarelationshipinneedofstrengthening,andinvesttimeandenergyinhealing,cultivatingandenjoyingit.”____19____Practicerandomactsofkindnessandexpressgratitude.Takeamomenttodonicethingsforothers.“Beingkindtootherpeoplebringsonalotofpositiveresults.Itmakesyoufeelgenerousandcapable,leadsyoutofeelgratefulaboutyourownsituation,andgivesyouagreatersenseofinterconnectednesswiththeworld,”Lyubomirskysaid.“____20____And,inturn,thebenefithelpsnurtureyourownself-esteemandhelpgetyouthroughtherestofthedayorweek.”Wehopethesethreetipshelpyouelevateyourhappinessgame.A.Manageyourcircles.B.Celebrategoodnews.C.Thissmallinvestmentmaygoalongway.D.Italsogivesjoytootherpeopleandleadsthemtolikeyoumore.E.Researchersmeasurethosecomponentsbyaskingpeoplesuchquestions.F.Thequestionforresearchersreturnstothatglasshalf-fullorhalf-emptyissue.G.Youdon’thavetocompeteinahigh-riskgameoftennisorclimbMountEverest.【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.C20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一些培養(yǎng)樂(lè)觀精神，改變我們思維習(xí)慣的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Peopleperceivehappinessdifferently,withsomeseeingtheglasshalffullwhileothershalfempty.SonjaLyubomirsky,asocialpsychologist,explainedthathappinesscomprisespositiveemotionsandlifesatisfaction.(人們對(duì)幸福的看法不同，有些人看到的是半滿(mǎn)的杯子，而有些人看到的是半空的杯子。社會(huì)心理學(xué)家SonjaLyubomirsky解釋說(shuō)，幸福包括積極的情緒和生活滿(mǎn)意度)”以及后文“Canyouchangeyoursetrangetobeahappierperson?Shebelievesthatwecanchangehowwethinkandhowwebehaveandalsowecanchangeourhabitsordevelopanewhabit.Happypeopletendtohavesuchcertainhabits.(為了成為一個(gè)更快樂(lè)的人，你能改變你的設(shè)定范圍嗎？她相信我們可以改變我們的思維方式和行為方式，我們也可以改變我們的習(xí)慣或養(yǎng)成一個(gè)新的習(xí)慣。快樂(lè)的人往往有這樣的習(xí)慣)”可知，上文提到人們對(duì)幸福的看法不同，有些人看到的是半滿(mǎn)的杯子，而有些人看到的是半空的杯子，且社會(huì)心理學(xué)家SonjaLyubomirsky解釋說(shuō)，幸福包括積極的情緒和對(duì)生活的滿(mǎn)意度，由此可說(shuō)明研究者又回到了到半滿(mǎn)杯水還是半空杯水這個(gè)問(wèn)題上。故F選項(xiàng)“研究人員面臨的問(wèn)題又回到了半杯水還是半空的問(wèn)題”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。【17題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Onthecontrary,trysomethingascasualandrelaxingascompletingagroupprojectattheofficeorenjoyingahobbywithyourpartner.(相反，嘗試一些隨意和放松的事情，比如在辦公室完成一個(gè)小組項(xiàng)目，或者和你的同伴一起享受一個(gè)愛(ài)好)”可知，后文提到了相反的做法是嘗試一些隨意和放松的事情，推測(cè)本句是在說(shuō)明從事冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)。故G選項(xiàng)“你不必參加高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的網(wǎng)球比賽或攀登珠穆朗瑪峰”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Whenitcomestoyourhappinesslevel,personalrelationshipshaveabiggerimpactthanmoney,ajobtitleorevenyourhealth.“Spendingmorequalitytimewithyourpartner,spouse,orkids,orreconnectingwitholdfriends,aresure-firewaystoincreaseyourownandothers’averagelevelsofjoy.”Lyubomirskysaid“pickarelationshipinneedofstrengthening,andinvesttimeandenergyinhealing,cultivatingandenjoyingit.”(當(dāng)涉及到你的幸福水平時(shí)，人際關(guān)系比金錢(qián)、職位甚至你的健康都有更大的影響。“花更多的時(shí)間與你的同伴、配偶或孩子在一起，或者與老朋友重新聯(lián)系，這些都是提高你自己和他人平均快樂(lè)水平的可靠方法?！绷┟谞査够f(shuō)：“選擇一段需要加強(qiáng)的關(guān)系，投入時(shí)間和精力來(lái)修復(fù)、培養(yǎng)和享受它。”)”可知，這一整段的大意是經(jīng)營(yíng)一段良好的人際關(guān)系可以提升人的幸福感，與A選項(xiàng)“Manageyourcircles”這一段落主題句構(gòu)成解釋關(guān)系。故A選項(xiàng)“管理好你的圈子”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Lyubomirskysaid“pickarelationshipinneedofstrengthening,andinvesttimeandenergyinhealing,cultivatingandenjoyingit.”(柳博米爾斯基說(shuō)：“選擇一段需要加強(qiáng)的關(guān)系，投入時(shí)間和精力來(lái)修復(fù)、培養(yǎng)和享受它。”)”可知，上文建議投入一段需要加強(qiáng)的關(guān)系，即對(duì)關(guān)系投入，C選項(xiàng)中的代詞this指代的就是前一句話(huà)的內(nèi)容，這個(gè)小小的投資會(huì)帶來(lái)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的影響。故C選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)小投資可能帶來(lái)很大的影響”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Practicerandomactsofkindnessandexpressgratitude.Takeamomenttodonicethingsforothers.“Beingkindtootherpeoplebringsonalotofpositiveresults.Itmakesyoufeelgenerousandcapable,leadsyoutofeelgratefulaboutyourownsituation,andgivesyouagreatersenseofinterconnectednesswiththeworld,”Lyubomirskysaid.(偶爾做些善事，表達(dá)感激之情?；c(diǎn)時(shí)間為別人做些好事。“善待他人會(huì)帶來(lái)很多積極的結(jié)果。它讓你感到慷慨和有能力，讓你對(duì)自己的處境感到感激，并給你一種與世界更緊密相連的感覺(jué)，”柳博米爾斯基說(shuō))”以及后文“And,inturn,thebenefithelpsnurtureyourownself-esteemandhelpgetyouthroughtherestofthedayorweek.(反過(guò)來(lái)，這種好處有助于培養(yǎng)你的自尊，并幫助你度過(guò)一天或一周的剩余時(shí)間)”可知，橫線(xiàn)前一句的內(nèi)容是表達(dá)做好事所能帶來(lái)的益處，橫線(xiàn)后一句中的inturn以及helps這兩個(gè)詞說(shuō)明橫線(xiàn)部分依舊在表達(dá)做好事所能帶來(lái)的益處，前后句構(gòu)成層層遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系。D選項(xiàng)中的also也應(yīng)證了答案。故D選項(xiàng)“它也給別人帶來(lái)快樂(lè)，讓他們更喜歡你”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MichaelSurrellandhiswifehadjustparkedthecarwhentheygotacallfromtheirdaughter:“Thehousenextdoorisonfire!”Heinstantlywentto____21____andsawanoldwomancried.“Thebabyisinside!”“Thebaby”was8-year-oldTiaraRoberts,thewoman’s____22____.Thoughthefiredepartmenthadbeencalled,Surrell____23____rushedintotheburninghouse.Thethick____24____causedhimtostumbleblindlyaroundandmadeitimpossibleto____25____.Afterafewminutesinthesmoke-filledhouse,hemovedoutsideto____26____hisbreath.“WhereisTiara?”heasked____27____.“Thesecondfloor,”hergrandmashoutedback.Takingadeepbreath,Surrellwentinasecondtime.Becausethehousehada____28____layouttohis,hefoundthestairseasilyandmadeittothesecondfloor.Butthedarknesswas____29____.Allhecouldfeelwasthecracklingandpoppingofburningwood.Thenasoftbut____30____moanemerged.Hecrawledtowardthesound,feelingaroundforany____31____ofthelittlegirl.Finally,he____32____something.HescoopedTiaraintohisarms,____33____thro