新高考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第2章 第07講 函數(shù)的圖象精講+精練（學(xué)生版）

第07講函數(shù)的圖象(精講+精練）目錄第一部分：知識(shí)點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)記憶第二部分：課前自我評(píng)估測(cè)試第三部分：典型例題剖析高頻考點(diǎn)一：畫(huà)出函數(shù)的圖象高頻考點(diǎn)二：函數(shù)圖象的識(shí)別高頻考點(diǎn)三：函數(shù)圖象的應(yīng)用①研究函數(shù)的性質(zhì)②確定零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)③解不等式④求參數(shù)的取值范圍第四部分：高考真題感悟第五部分：第07講函數(shù)的圖象（精練）第一部分：知識(shí)點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)記憶第一部分：知識(shí)點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)記憶1、平移變換（左“+”右“-”；上“+”下“-”）①SKIPIF1<0②SKIPIF1<0③SKIPIF1<0④SKIPIF1<0注：左右平移只能單獨(dú)一個(gè)SKIPIF1<0加或者減，注意當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0前系數(shù)不為1,需將系數(shù)提取到外面.2、對(duì)稱(chēng)變換①SKIPIF1<0的圖象SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的圖象；②SKIPIF1<0的圖象SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的圖象；③SKIPIF1<0的圖象SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的圖象；④SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0，且SKIPIF1<0)的圖象SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0，且SKIPIF1<0)的圖象.3、伸縮變換①SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0.②SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0.4、翻折變換（絕對(duì)值變換）①SKIPIF1<0的圖象SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的圖象；（口訣；以SKIPIF1<0軸為界，保留SKIPIF1<0軸上方的圖象；將SKIPIF1<0軸下方的圖象翻折到SKIPIF1<0軸上方）②SKIPIF1<0的圖象SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的圖象.（口訣；以SKIPIF1<0軸為界，去掉SKIPIF1<0軸左側(cè)的圖象，保留SKIPIF1<0軸右側(cè)的圖象；將SKIPIF1<0軸右側(cè)圖象翻折到SKIPIF1<0軸左側(cè)；本質(zhì)是個(gè)偶函數(shù)）5、圖象識(shí)別技巧（按使用頻率優(yōu)先級(jí)排序）①特殊值法（觀(guān)察圖象，尋找圖象中出現(xiàn)的特殊值）②單調(diào)性法（SKIPIF1<0；SKIPIF1<0；SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0；通過(guò)求導(dǎo)判斷單調(diào)性）③奇偶性法SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0偶函數(shù)偶函數(shù)偶函數(shù)偶函數(shù)偶函數(shù)偶函數(shù)偶函數(shù)奇函數(shù)不能確定不能確定奇函數(shù)奇函數(shù)奇函數(shù)偶函數(shù)不能確定不能確定奇函數(shù)奇函數(shù)奇函數(shù)奇函數(shù)奇函數(shù)奇函數(shù)偶函數(shù)偶函數(shù)④極限（左右極限）（SKIPIF1<0；SKIPIF1<0；SKIPIF1<0；SKIPIF1<0；）⑤零點(diǎn)法⑥極大值極小值法第二部分：課前自我評(píng)估測(cè)試第二部分：課前自我評(píng)估測(cè)試1．（2022·陜西西安·高一期末）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像大致為（

）A． B．C． D．2．（2022·北京·高三學(xué)業(yè)考試）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象如圖所示，則不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<03．（2022·全國(guó)·高三專(zhuān)題練習(xí)）在同一直角坐標(biāo)系中，函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0的圖象可能是（

）A． B．C． D．4．（2022·浙江金華第一中學(xué)高一期末）圖（1）是某條公共汽車(chē)線(xiàn)路收支差額SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于乘客量SKIPIF1<0的圖象，圖（2）?（3）是由于目前本條路線(xiàn)虧損，公司有關(guān)人員提出的兩種扭虧為盈的建議，則下列說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤的是（

）A．圖（1）的點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的實(shí)際意義為：當(dāng)乘客量為0時(shí)，虧損1個(gè)單位B．圖（1）的射線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0上的點(diǎn)表示當(dāng)乘客量小于3時(shí)將虧損，大于3時(shí)將盈利C．圖（2）的建議為降低成本而保持票價(jià)不變D．圖（3）的建議為降低成本的同時(shí)提高票價(jià)第三部分：典型例題剖析第三部分：典型例題剖析高頻考點(diǎn)一：畫(huà)出函數(shù)的圖象1．（2021·寧夏·銀川市第六中學(xué)高一期中）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.(1)證明SKIPIF1<0是偶函數(shù)；(2)畫(huà)出這個(gè)函數(shù)的圖象；(3)求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域.2．（2021·山東臨沂·高一期中）已知SKIPIF1<0是整數(shù)，冪函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增．(1)求SKIPIF1<0的解析式；(2)若SKIPIF1<0，畫(huà)出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的大致圖象；(3)寫(xiě)出SKIPIF1<0的單調(diào)區(qū)間，并用定義法證明SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的單調(diào)性．3．（2021·全國(guó)·高一課時(shí)練習(xí)）根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像，作出下列函數(shù)的圖像：(1)SKIPIF1<0；(2)SKIPIF1<0；(3)SKIPIF1<0；(4)SKIPIF1<0．高頻考點(diǎn)二：函數(shù)圖象的識(shí)別1．（2022·福建福州·高一期末）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，則SKIPIF1<0的大致圖像為（

）A． B．C． D．2．（2022·湖南·株洲二中高一階段練習(xí)）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象大致為（

）A． B．C． D．3．（2022·山東德州·高三期末）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的大致圖象為（

）A． B．C． D．4．（2022·浙江·高三學(xué)業(yè)考試）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象大致為（

）A． B．C． D．5．（2022·全國(guó)·高三專(zhuān)題練習(xí)（文））函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的部分圖象大致是（

）A． B．C． D．6．（2022·廣西南寧·一模（文））函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象最有可能是以下的（

）A． B．C． D．7．（2022·陜西咸陽(yáng)·高一期末）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的大致圖像為（

）A． B．C． D．高頻考點(diǎn)三：函數(shù)圖象的應(yīng)用①研究函數(shù)的性質(zhì)1．（2022·河南·林州一中高一開(kāi)學(xué)考試）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0則（

）A．SKIPIF1<0的最大值為3，最小值為1B．SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0，無(wú)最小值C．SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0，最小值為1D．SKIPIF1<0的最大值為3，最小值為-12．（2022·全國(guó)·高一期末）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.(1)判斷函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的奇偶性，并證明；(2)畫(huà)出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象，并討論方程SKIPIF1<0的解的個(gè)數(shù).3．（2022·山東濰坊·高一期末）已知定義在SKIPIF1<0上的奇函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)，SKIPIF1<0.(1)求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的解析式；(2)在給出的直角坐標(biāo)系中作出SKIPIF1<0的圖像，并寫(xiě)出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的單調(diào)區(qū)間.②確定零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)1．（2022·全國(guó)·高三階段練習(xí)）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)為（

）．A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<02．（2022·江西·高一期末）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，若方程SKIPIF1<0恰有兩個(gè)不等的實(shí)根，則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<03．（2022·湖南·長(zhǎng)沙市南雅中學(xué)高三階段練習(xí)）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有三個(gè)不同的零點(diǎn)，則實(shí)數(shù)t的范圍是__________.4．（2022·湖南·高一課時(shí)練習(xí)）用圖象法判定方程SKIPIF1<0的根的個(gè)數(shù).③解不等式1．（2022·全國(guó)·池州市第一中學(xué)高一開(kāi)學(xué)考試）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象如圖，則不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<02．（2022·河北·高三階段練習(xí)）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，則SKIPIF1<0的解集為（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<03．（2022·北京·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，則不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<04．（2022·河南·信陽(yáng)高中高一階段練習(xí)（理））已知定義在R上的函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿(mǎn)足SKIPIF1<0，且當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)，SKIPIF1<0，若對(duì)任SKIPIF1<0都有SKIPIF1<0，則m的取值范圍是_________．④求參數(shù)的取值范圍1．（2022·山西·靈丘縣第一中學(xué)校高二階段練習(xí)）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0若直線(xiàn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0有三個(gè)不同的交點(diǎn)，則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<02．（2022·河北石家莊·高一期末）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，若存在不相等的實(shí)數(shù)a，b，c，d滿(mǎn)足SKIPIF1<0，則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<03．（多選）（2022·湖北·石首市第一中學(xué)高一階段練習(xí)）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0恰有2個(gè)零點(diǎn)，則SKIPIF1<0的取值可以是（

）A．1 B．2 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<04．（2022·河南·欒川縣第一高級(jí)中學(xué)高二階段練習(xí)（理））已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0若SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0，則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是________．5．（2022·山西臨汾·二模（理））已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有2個(gè)不同的零點(diǎn)，則k的取值范圍是____________．第四部分：高考真題感悟第四部分：高考真題感悟1．（2021·天津·高考真題）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像大致為（

）A． B．C． D．2．（2021·浙江·高考真題）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，則圖象為如圖的函數(shù)可能是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<03．（2020·天津·高考真題）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象大致為（

）A． B．C． D．4．（2020·北京·高考真題）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，則不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集是（

）．A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<05．（2020·浙江·高考真題）函數(shù)y=xcosx+sinx在區(qū)間[–π，π]的圖象大致為（）A． B．C． D．6．（2021·湖南·高考真題）已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0（1）畫(huà)出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象；（2）若SKIPIF1<0，求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.第五部分：第07講函數(shù)的圖象（精練）第五部分：第07講函數(shù)的圖象（精練）一、單選題1．（2022·湖南·高一課時(shí)練習(xí)）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的定義域均為SKIPIF1<0，它們的圖象如圖所示，則不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<02．（2022·全國(guó)·高三專(zhuān)題練習(xí)）如圖為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象，則該函數(shù)可能為（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<03．（2022·北京交通大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高二階段練習(xí)）函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象大致為（

）A．B．C． D．4．（2022·浙江紹興·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）在同一直角坐標(biāo)系中，函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，且SKIPIF1<0的圖象可能是（

）A． B．C． D．5．（2022·新疆·模擬預(yù)測(cè)（理））我國(guó)著名數(shù)學(xué)家華羅庚曾說(shuō)：“數(shù)缺形時(shí)少直觀(guān)，形缺數(shù)時(shí)難入微，數(shù)形結(jié)合百般好，隔裂分家萬(wàn)事休.”在數(shù)學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)和研究中，常用函數(shù)的圖象來(lái)研究函數(shù)的性質(zhì)，也常用函數(shù)的解析式來(lái)研究函數(shù)圖象的特征.我們從這個(gè)商標(biāo)中抽象出一個(gè)函數(shù)的圖象如圖，其對(duì)應(yīng)的函數(shù)解析式可能是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0C．SKIPIF1<0 D．SKIPIF1<06．（2022·四川達(dá)州·二模（理））函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的部分圖象大致為（

）A． B．C． D．7．（2022·全國(guó)·高三專(zhuān)題練習(xí)（理））已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0，若SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0，SKIPIF1<0均不相等，且SKIPIF1<0=SKIPIF1<0=SKIPIF1<0，則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是（

）A．（1，10） B．(5，6) C．(10，12) D．(20，24)8．（2022·貴州畢節(jié)·模擬預(yù)測(cè)（理））設(shè)SKIPIF1<0是定義在R上且周期為2的函數(shù)，當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)，SKIPIF1<0，其中a，SKIPIF1<0，且函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上恰有3個(gè)零點(diǎn)，則a的取值不可能是（

）A．SKIPIF1<0 B．SKIPIF1<0 C．SKIPIF1<0 D．0二、填空題9．（2022·重慶·高一期末）已知冪函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象如圖所示，則SKIPIF1<0______．（寫(xiě)出一個(gè)正確結(jié)果即可）10．（2022·山東