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翻譯二級(jí)筆譯綜合能力模擬1ⅠVocabularyandGrammarThissectionconsistsof3parts.Readthedirectionsforeachpar(江南博哥)tbeforeansweringthequestions.Thetimeforthissectionis25minutes.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.

Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.

Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Intheinformalmeetingtheexporterlearnedthattheimporterwasinterestedpurchaseratherthanprepackedsetsof12.A.inbulkB.inessenceC.atrandomD.atease正確答案:A[解析]固定搭配

beinterestedin對(duì)……有興趣;inbulk散裝,大批;在此theimporterwasinterestedinbulk

purchaseratherthanprepackedsetsof12表示:進(jìn)口商對(duì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)散裝的產(chǎn)品而不是對(duì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)包裝為12支一套的產(chǎn)品感興趣;因此答案為A。

2.

Withthedevelopmentofindustry,theproblemofpollutionwas______fromtheverybeginning,butnoonecaredaboutituntilthelate1800s.A.solvedB.absentC.presentD.lacking正確答案:C[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)識(shí)別

此處考生需鑒別此句是系表結(jié)構(gòu)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法;此句意為:隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展,污染的問(wèn)題從一開(kāi)始就顯現(xiàn)了;但是直到19世紀(jì)末才有人開(kāi)始關(guān)注它。因此答案為C。

3.

Theysaidthattheyhadmadeuptheirmindsto______thetaskinspiteoftheextremelydifficultconditions.A.carry

offB.carry

onC.carry

outD.carry

forward正確答案:B[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析

A.carryoff奪去……的生命,獲得,成功對(duì)付;B.carryon繼續(xù)開(kāi)展,堅(jiān)持,舉止朱常;C.carryout完成,實(shí)現(xiàn),貫徹,執(zhí)行;D.carryforward發(fā)揚(yáng),結(jié)轉(zhuǎn);此句意為:他們說(shuō)盡管處境異常艱難,但他們決定將這項(xiàng)任務(wù)繼續(xù)開(kāi)展下去。因此答案為B。

4.

Ascountries______toincreaseyieldsonexistingcroplandsthroughintensifieduseofwater,energy,andfertilizers,thecostofcommoditieswillrise.A.encounterB.enchantC.enlargeD.endeavor正確答案:D[解析]形近識(shí)別

A.encounter遭遇,遇到,相遇;B.enchant施魔法,使迷惑;C.enlarge擴(kuò)大,放大;D.endeavor盡力,努力;此句意為:由于各個(gè)國(guó)家都努力在現(xiàn)有農(nóng)田上通過(guò)強(qiáng)化用水、能源及化肥來(lái)增加產(chǎn)量,因此商品的價(jià)格將會(huì)上升。因此答案為D。

5.

I,______,donotbelievethattheeraofthepioneerisatanend;Ionlybelievethattheareaforpioneeringhaschanged.A.forone'spartB.forone'sgoodC.foroneD.foroneself正確答案:C[解析]固定搭配

A.forone'spart對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō);C.forone作為其中一個(gè),舉例來(lái)說(shuō);D.foroneself獨(dú)自地,靠自己的力量;此句意為:拿我來(lái)說(shuō),我就不相信開(kāi)拓的時(shí)代已經(jīng)結(jié)束,我只認(rèn)為開(kāi)拓的區(qū)域有了變化。因此答案為C。

6.

______hadIopenedthecagethanoutflewthelovelybird.A.NosoonerB.HardlyC.ScarcelyD.Assoonas正確答案:A[解析]固定搭配

nosooner...than是表示時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞,表“一……就……”,將之放在句首時(shí),主謂要倒裝;因此答案為A。

7.

Afterthe______exercisesofprayerandsong,thespeakerofthedaygaveanaddress.A.prejudicedB.previousC.prematureD.preliminary正確答案:D[解析]形近識(shí)別

A.prejudiced懷偏見(jiàn)的;B.previous在前的,早先的;C.premature未成熟的,早熟的,太早的;D.preliminary預(yù)備的,初步的;此句意為:在舉行了祈禱和歌唱的開(kāi)始儀式之后,當(dāng)天的演講人開(kāi)始致辭。因此答案為D。

8.

Ababymightshowfearofanunfamiliaradult,______heislikelytosmileandreachouttoanotherinfant.A.ifB.sothatC.whereasD.whenever正確答案:C[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)識(shí)別

這幾個(gè)詞都是連詞。if(表?xiàng)l件)如果,(表假設(shè))要是,是否,即使;sothat(表結(jié)果)所以,因此;whereas(表對(duì)比,對(duì)立)然而,卻,反之(相當(dāng)于while);whenever無(wú)論何時(shí)(引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)。此處應(yīng)用一個(gè)表示對(duì)比的連詞,所以C為答案。

9.

Havingbeenfoundguilty,themanwasgivenasevere______bythejudge.A.crisisB.sentenceC.crimeD.service正確答案:B[解析]名詞辨析

A.crisis危機(jī),決定性時(shí)刻;B.sentence句子,判決;C.crime犯罪(行為),罪行;D.service服務(wù),服役,服務(wù)性工作;此句意為:因?yàn)?被發(fā)現(xiàn))有罪,這個(gè)人被法官判了重刑。因此答案為B。

10.

Theprisonerhasbeen______ofmanyprivilegesthataveragecitizensenjoy.A.ensuredB.informedC.convincedD.deprived正確答案:D[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析

A.ensured保證,確保;B.informed通知,告訴,獲悉,告知(常跟of/about連用);C.convinced使確信,使信服;D.deprived剝奪,使喪失;此句意為:這個(gè)囚犯已被剝奪了一般公民所享有的許多公民權(quán)利。所以答案為D。

11.

______isnecessaryforpeopletodevelopstrongbonesandteeth.A.ThatcalciumB.CalciumC.ItiscalciumD.Althoughcalcium正確答案:B[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)識(shí)別

專(zhuān)有名詞前一般不用冠詞,calcium鈣;選項(xiàng)C是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的句式,但后面需跟that,選項(xiàng)D是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的一部分;而劃線部分需填一個(gè)主語(yǔ),因此答案為B。

12.

Onlyafterfoodhasbeendried,saltedorcanned______forlaterconsumption.A.thatisshouldbestoredB.shouldbestoredC.shoulditbestoredD.itshouldbestored正確答案:C[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)識(shí)別

本句是倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu):“only+狀語(yǔ)”或“only+狀語(yǔ)從句”放在句首或主句前時(shí),主句的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)要部分倒裝,因此C為答案。

13.

Mrs.Lackeywasawakenedbytheringingofthebedsidephone12hoursafterherhusband'sboathadbeen______.A.wreckedB.collapsedC.decayedD.fired正確答案:A[解析]近義詞辨析

A.wrecked(船,飛機(jī)的)失事;B.collapsed倒塌,崩潰,瓦解,失敗,病倒;C.decayed腐朽,腐爛,衰減,衰退;D.fired點(diǎn)燃,使發(fā)光,放槍?zhuān)夤?;因此答案為A。

14.

SaleswentupinthestoresduringDecember,but______againafterChristmas.A.droppedoffB.droppedoutC.droppedoverD.droppedon正確答案:A[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析

A.droppedoff離開(kāi),散去,逐漸減少,死去;B.droppedout不參與,離去,放棄;D.droppedon訓(xùn)斥,懲罰;此句意為:各商店的銷(xiāo)售額在十二月份上升,但圣誕節(jié)后又下降了。所以答案為A。

15.

Everygoodstoryiscarefully______;theelementsofthestoryreducedtofitwithoneanotherinordertomakeaneffectonthereader.A.emphasizedB.selectedC.plannedD.examined正確答案:C[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析

A.emphasized強(qiáng)調(diào),著重;B.selected選擇,挑選;C.planned計(jì)劃,設(shè)計(jì);D.examined檢查,調(diào)查,考試;此句意為:每一部好小說(shuō)都是經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)真設(shè)計(jì)的;為了使之能打動(dòng)讀者,小說(shuō)中的一些元素(情節(jié))被縮減以使全文一致。因此答案為C。

16.

Underthecoach's______direction,theteamfinishedtheseasonwithtwelvewinsandnoloses.A.adjoiningB.adroitC.enchantingD.instructive正確答案:B[解析]形容詞辨析

A.a(chǎn)djoining鄰接的,隔壁的;B.a(chǎn)droit熟練的,靈巧的,精明的;C.enchanting迷人的,迷惑的,嫵媚的;D.instructive有益的,教育性的;此句意為:在精明能干的教練指導(dǎo)下,這個(gè)球隊(duì)以十二場(chǎng)全勝的成績(jī)結(jié)束了這個(gè)賽季。因此答案為B。

17.

Weallknewfromthevery______thattheplanwouldfail.Nowyouseeitbecomestrue.A.outbreakB.outcomeC.outflowD.outset正確答案:D[解析]形近識(shí)別

A.oubreak(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的)爆發(fā),(疾病的)發(fā)作;B.outcome結(jié)果,成果;C.outflow流出,流出物;D.outset開(kāi)端,開(kāi)始;此句意為:在一開(kāi)始,我們就都知道這個(gè)計(jì)劃會(huì)失敗,現(xiàn)在你知道這是真的了吧。因此答案為D。

18.

Accordingtotheinternationalregulation,theplayingofthenationalanthem______allsportsevents.A.precedesB.redeemsC.pretendsD.repels正確答案:A[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析

A.precedes領(lǐng)先(于),在……之前,先于;B.redeems贖回,挽回,恢復(fù),補(bǔ)償;C.pretends假裝,裝扮;D.repels擊退,抵制,使厭惡;此句意為:按照國(guó)際比賽規(guī)則,在所有賽事之前都要奏國(guó)歌;所以A為答案。

19.

Inadditiontoculturaldifferences,overseasstudentshavetoovercomelinguistic______assoonaspossible.A.hindranceB.impedimentC.barriersD.hurdles正確答案:C[解析]近義詞辨析

A.hindrance妨礙,障礙(作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),常用來(lái)表示某種使人做某事變得困難的舉動(dòng)),如:Visitorsareallowedtowanderwithouthindrance此處允許游客不受阻礙地漫步;B.impediment妨礙,阻礙,障礙物,(言語(yǔ))障礙,口吃(常指機(jī)體出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題使得聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、移動(dòng)非常困難),如:aspeechimpediment言語(yǔ)障礙;C.barriers(阻礙通道的)障礙物,柵欄,屏障(常指一種規(guī)則/準(zhǔn)則、問(wèn)題等阻止人們做某事或限制了人們能做的事),如:Thelanguagebarrier(=theinabilitytocommunicatewithsomeonebecauseyouspeakadifferentlanguage)makesdebateimpossible.語(yǔ)言障礙(由于語(yǔ)言不同無(wú)法與某人交流)使得辯論無(wú)法進(jìn)行;D.hurdles籬笆,欄,障礙(常指一種人們必須在成功做成某事之前必須先處理的問(wèn)題或困難;同義詞是obstacle),如:Findingenoughmoneyfortheprojectwasthefirsthurdle.為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目籌集到足夠的資金是第一個(gè)困難;因此答案為C。

20.

The______discoveryofdinosaurs'completegenesshockedtheworldandwasreceivedwithdisbelief.A.successfulB.allegedC.convincingD.malicious正確答案:B[解析]形容詞辨析

A.successful成功的;B.a(chǎn)lleged聲稱(chēng)的,所謂的;C.convincing令人信服的,有力的;D.malicious懷惡意的,惡毒的;此句意為:所謂發(fā)現(xiàn)恐龍完整基因的消息令全世界為之震驚,也受到人們的懷疑。因此答案為B。

Part2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof15sentence;ineachsentenceonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingthebasicmeaningofthesentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Blasts,riotsandprotestdemonstrationsrockednewlyfoundedIraq,threateningtotearthecountryapart.A.staggeredB.distressedC.promptedD.assaulted正確答案:A[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析

A.staggered使搖晃,蹣跚,使動(dòng)搖,交錯(cuò);B.distressed.使悲痛,使窮困,使憂傷;C.prompted提示,鼓動(dòng),促使;D.a(chǎn)ssaulted襲擊;而rocked在此表示:搖擺,使動(dòng)搖;所以答案為A。

2.

Thismonumentimagewasdesignedtostirupemotionsofaweandrespect,butcouldscarcelyevokefeelingsofwarmthandaffection.A.regulateB.agitateC.tangleD.teem正確答案:B[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析

A.regulate管制,控制,調(diào)節(jié);B4agitate攪動(dòng),搖動(dòng),煽動(dòng);C.tangle處于混亂狀態(tài);D.teem大量出現(xiàn);而stirup表:激起,鼓動(dòng),煽動(dòng);(此句意為:這個(gè)紀(jì)念碑的圖像設(shè)計(jì)得能激起人們的敬畏和敬重之情,但幾乎無(wú)法喚起溫暖和熱愛(ài)之情。)因此答案為B。

3.

Thestudentunion'spresidentwasappalledbythecomplacencyofhisclassmates;notoneoftheseniorsseemedtocareaboutthethemeoftheband.A.complimentB.complementC.commitmentD.contentment正確答案:D[解析]形近詞辨析

A.compliment稱(chēng)贊,恭維,致意;B.complement補(bǔ)足物,補(bǔ)語(yǔ);C.commitment許諾,承擔(dān)義務(wù),委托事項(xiàng);D.contentment滿意,知己;而complacency表示:安心,滿足;因此答案為D。

4.

Theroomwassoclutteredwithbooksandpapersthatitwasdifficulttofindthemissingkey.A.disorganizedB.flatteredC.denouncedD.fixated正確答案:A[解析]詞義辨析

A.disorganized紊亂的,無(wú)組織的;B.flattered奉承,使?jié)M意;C.denounced公開(kāi)指責(zé),公然抨擊,譴責(zé);D.fixated使固定,注視,集中(眼力);而clutter表示:把……弄得雜亂;亂糟糟地堆滿;因此答案為A。

5.

JaneMorrisonalwayslostargumentsbecauseshewastootimidtoassertherself.A.stateclearlyB.declarefirmlyC.expressboldlyD.speakpublicly正確答案:C[解析]近義詞辨析

A.stateclearly清楚地陳述(state常表示:正式地說(shuō)/寫(xiě)一條信息/自己的主張;如:RembertagainstatedhisintentiontoresignfromParliament.Rembert再次重申他打算從議會(huì)辭職的打算);

B.declarefirmly堅(jiān)定地宣布(declare常表示:正式且公開(kāi)地陳述一種特殊的情形存在;如:Astateofemergencyhasbeendeclared.已宣布進(jìn)入緊急狀態(tài));

C.expressboldly大膽地表達(dá)(expressoneself常表:說(shuō)出你所想到或感覺(jué)到的;如:Youngchildrenoftenhavedifficultyexpressingthemselves.小孩子常常很難表達(dá)自己);

D.speakpublicly公開(kāi)發(fā)言;

而assert表:斷言,聲稱(chēng);assertoneself表示:清楚地說(shuō)出自己的所想且以堅(jiān)決的方式來(lái)表現(xiàn),如:Womenbegantoassertthemselvespolitically.?huà)D女也開(kāi)始表達(dá)自己的政治主見(jiàn);所以答案為C。

6.

Thetheorythatpeoplemovearoundinsidethetelevisionisinterestingbutimplausible.A.infeasibleB.unbelievableC.unjustifiableD.improbable正確答案:B[解析]形容詞辨析

A.infeasible不可實(shí)行的;B.unbelievable難以置信的;C.unjustifiable不可理喻的,無(wú)法辯護(hù)的,不能分辨的;D.improbable不可能的;而implausible表示:難信的,不像真實(shí)的;所以答案為B。

7.

Itishopedthatthethirdpartshouldbeatrulyimpartialobserverofevents.A.impassiveB.geniusC.relatedD.unprejudiced正確答案:D[解析]形容詞辨析

A.impassive冷漠的;B.genius天才(人物),天賦;C.related有關(guān)系的,講述的;D.unprejudiced公平的,無(wú)偏見(jiàn)的,沒(méi)有成見(jiàn)的;而impartial表示:公平的,不偏不倚的;因此答案為D。

8.

Deceptivelysimpleindesign,thesculpturalworksofthismonumentincorporateabroadrangeoftextures,sizes,andcontours.A.GenerallyB.ExceptionallyC.MisleadinglyD.Noticeably正確答案:C[解析]副詞辨析

A.Generally一般,通常;B.Exceptionally例外地,異常地;C.Misleadingly騙人地,易誤解地,令人誤解地;D.Noticeably引人注目地,顯著地;而deceptively表示:易使人上當(dāng)?shù)?,靠不住地,迷惑地,虛偽地;所以答案為C。

9.

ThepeopleofChinaareworkingveryhardtomakeconcertedeffortstoinvigoratethecountry.A.enjoyableB.persistentC.encouragedD.joint正確答案:D[解析]形容詞辨析

A.enjoyable令人愉快的,可享受的;B.persistent持久穩(wěn)固的;C.encouraged被鼓勵(lì)的;D.joint共同的,聯(lián)合的,連帶的;而concerted表示:商議定的,協(xié)定的,有關(guān)的,有牽連的;所以答案為D。

10.

Thesoldiersofpeace-keepingforcearetall,robustand,aboveall,resourceful.A.strongB.cruelC.cleverD.handsome正確答案:A[解析]形容詞辨析

A.strong強(qiáng)壯的,堅(jiān)固的,強(qiáng)烈的;B.cruel殘酷的,悲慘的,使痛苦的;C.clever機(jī)靈的,聰明的;D.handsome英俊的,大方的;而robust表示:強(qiáng)健的,健全的,堅(jiān)定的;所以答案為A。

11.

Thefootballerhasbeenbouncingtheballforhoursonend,andappearscapableofmorehours.A.nowandthenB.untiringlyC.withoutinterruptionD.breathlessly正確答案:C[解析]固定搭配

onend表:豎著,連續(xù)地;A.nowandthen偶爾;B.untiringly不疲倦地,不屈不撓地;C.withoutinterruption不間斷地,繼續(xù)不斷地;D.breathlessly氣喘地,屏息地,悶熱地;所以答案為C。

12.

Whereveroneworks,asateacher,heorsheshouldbeerudite,patientandhelpful.A.strictB.knowledgeableC.considerateD.serious正確答案:B[解析]形容詞辨析

A.strict嚴(yán)格的,嚴(yán)厲的,嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?常與with連用);B.knowledgeable知識(shí)博的,有見(jiàn)識(shí)的;C.considerate考慮周到的;D.serious嚴(yán)肅的,認(rèn)真的,嚴(yán)重的;而erudite表示:博學(xué)的;所以答案為B。

13.

Afterlongtimeofhesitation,thewomangavefreeventtoherpent-upemotion.A.intenseB.writtenC.strongD.confined正確答案:D[解析]形容詞辨析

A.intense強(qiáng)烈的,劇烈的,熱切的;D.confined被限制的,狹窄的;而pent-up表示:幽閉的,被壓抑的;所以答案為D。

14.

Mychiefobjectiontothebookisthatthecharactersarestereotyped.A.lackinginindividualityB.incompleteC.poorlydrawnD.overdone正確答案:A[解析]詞義辨析

A.lackinginindividuality缺少個(gè)性;B.incomplete不完全的,不完善的;C.poorlydrawn刻畫(huà)得差勁的;D.overdone過(guò)火的,過(guò)于夸張的;而stereotyped用鉛版印刷的,套用老調(diào)的;因此A為答案。

15.

Theboyhastoldpalpableliesabouthisabsenceofclasses.A.wiseB.foolishC.obviousD.touchable正確答案:C[解析]形容詞辨析

A.wise英明的,明智的,慎慮的;B.foolish愚蠢的,傻的,魯莽的;C.obvious明顯的,顯而易見(jiàn)的;D.touchable可觸的,4可食用的;而palpable表示:可觸知的,明顯的;所以C為答案。

Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrorsThispartconsistsof15sentences;ineachsentencethereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerror.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartsothattheerroriscorrected.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

WelearnedthatColumbushasdiscoveredAmericain1492.A.haddiscoveredB.discoversC.discoveredD.wasdiscovering正確答案:C[解析]時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用

本句是個(gè)主從復(fù)合句;主句用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí),除一些特殊情況(如:客觀真理總用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))外,主從句應(yīng)遵守時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則,因此排除選項(xiàng)B;根據(jù)句意,哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲(新大陸)不是當(dāng)時(shí)正在做的工作,因此排除選項(xiàng)D;選項(xiàng)A是過(guò)去完成時(shí),選項(xiàng)C是一般過(guò)去時(shí),兩者均表過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,但一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的是相對(duì)于現(xiàn)在的過(guò)去時(shí)間,而過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示的是相對(duì)于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的過(guò)去,即過(guò)去的過(guò)去;從句中有一個(gè)表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),所以C是答案。

2.

Withgoodreasonsheiscalledafool.A.Withgoodreasonsishecalledafool.B.Heiscalledfoolwithagoodreason.C.Withgoodreasonsheiscalledfool.D.Heiscalledfoolwithgoodreasons.正確答案:A[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句為了強(qiáng)調(diào)withgoodreasons,將之放在句首,須將系動(dòng)詞倒裝到主語(yǔ)的前面,使句子平衡;因此A為答案。

3.

Inordertoearnmoneyforhisfamily,itisnecessaryforhimtogetajob.A.itisnecessarytogetajobB.itisnecessarytofindajobC.hemustgetajobD.ajobmustbefound正確答案:C[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句要注意主語(yǔ)與狀語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)保持一致;因狀語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)是he,所以主語(yǔ)也應(yīng)為he;C為答案。

4.

Iwanttotalktothepersonbreakingthatcup.A.brokethatcupB.breaksthatcupC.whohadbrokenthatcupD.whobrokethatcup正確答案:D[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句需要一個(gè)可以代替先行詞person且指人的關(guān)系代詞在句中引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,因它在定語(yǔ)從句中起主語(yǔ)作用,因此用who,排除選項(xiàng)A、B;因cup已被打破,但這個(gè)動(dòng)作是相對(duì)于現(xiàn)在的過(guò)去時(shí)間,因此要選D,排除B。

5.

Theproject,whichwillbeaccomplishedbytheendof2008,willexpandthecity'stelephonenetworktocoveronemillionusers.A.accomplishedB.beingaccomplishedC.havingbeenaccomplishedD.tobeaccomplished正確答案:D[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

原句中which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句不能和bytheendof2008連用,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有動(dòng)詞不定式可表將來(lái),如果不定式動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,要用一般式;且不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)在此是不定式所表示動(dòng)作的承受者,因此要用被動(dòng)式;因此D為答案。

6.

Icamelatetoclasstoday;thereasonbeingthatthebusbrokedown.A.today,andthereasonbeingthatB.today,forthereasonbeingthatC.todaybecauseD.today;dueto正確答案:C[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句意為:我今天上課遲到了,因?yàn)楣财?chē)壞了。應(yīng)是主句十原因狀語(yǔ)從句;但選項(xiàng)A、B、D都不是原因狀語(yǔ)從句,因此只有C正確。

7.

Playbeingrecognizedasanimportantfactorimprovingmentalandphysicalhealthandtherebyreducinghumanmiseryandpoverty.A.ByrecognizingplayasB.TheirrecognizingplayasC.RecognitionofitbeingD.Playisrecognizedas正確答案:D[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句意為:人們認(rèn)為游戲是改善人的身體健康和精神健康的重要因素,因此可減輕人們的痛苦和貧困。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)判斷,原句缺少主、謂語(yǔ),而四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D可起此作用,因此D為答案。

8.

Usingitwisely,leisurepromoteshealth,efficiencyandhappiness.A.IfitisusedwiselyB.HavinguseditwiselyC.BecauseofitswiseuseD.Becauseofusefulness正確答案:A[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句意為:合理地利用閑暇,閑暇就能促進(jìn)健康,提高效率和令人快樂(lè)。分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其邏輯主語(yǔ)須和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)一致,而選項(xiàng)B的邏輯主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)不一致,因此錯(cuò)誤;選項(xiàng)C、D均指代不清;因此只有A正確,為答案。

9.

Shewastoldtogivetheawardtowhomsheeverthoughthadcontributedmosttothewelfareofthestudentbody.A.towhomshethoughtB.towhoevershethoughtC.towhomeverD.tohimwhomshethought正確答案:B[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用與習(xí)慣搭配

givetheawardtosb.是習(xí)慣搭配;而此處的sb.雖是介詞to的賓語(yǔ),卻是后面從句hadcontributedmosttothewelfareofthestudentbody的主語(yǔ),所以只有B為答案。

10.

Thecataloguemaybehadforasking.A.whenaskingB.withaskingC.fortheaskingD.withasked正確答案:C[解析]習(xí)慣搭配

fortheasking一經(jīng)索取免費(fèi)贈(zèng)送;所以C為答案。

11.

Maryisasfastas,ifnotfasterthan,anyoneinherclassandshouldbeontheteam.A.asfast,ifnotfasterthan,anyoneelseB.asfastas,ifnotmorefastthan,anyoneC.asfastas,ifnotfasterthan,anyoneelseD.asfast,ifnotfasterthan,anyone正確答案:C[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本題考察的是比較級(jí)的使用:同等比較用的是as+形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象;優(yōu)等比較是在少于兩個(gè)音節(jié)的形容詞/副詞后加-er,或用more+形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+than;注意more不能修飾以-er構(gòu)成的比較級(jí);因此只有C為答案。

12.

Fifty-threethousandshoutingenthusiastsfilledthestadium;theyhadcometowatchthefirstgameoftheseasonandtocheerthehometeam.A.enthusiastsfilledthestadiumtocomeB.enthusiasts,fillingthestadium,hadcomeC.enthusiastsfilledthestadium;andhadcomeD.enthusiastsfillingthestadium,whohadcome正確答案:B[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:…enthusiastshadcometowatchthefirstgameoftheseasonandtocheerthehometeam;而fillthestadium是表伴隨的狀語(yǔ),fill的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ),且是fill這一動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)并與主句用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),答案為B。

13.

Thisphenomenonstillhasmanyofthemwonderingtheirheads.A.fidgetingB.meditatingC.worryingD.scratching正確答案:D[解析]詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用

scratchone'shead表:認(rèn)真地思索一個(gè)難題;例:Thiscrisishaspoliticiansscratchingtheirheadsandwonderingwhattodo.(這場(chǎng)危機(jī)令政治家們苦思不得其解。);本句意為:這一現(xiàn)象仍令他們苦思不得其解。因此D為答案。

14.

Whocanprotestanddoesnotisanaccompliceintheact.A.thesameashelpingthecriminalB.seldomusefultosocietyC.onegoodwaytofightevilD.moreeffectivethanindividualprotest.正確答案:A[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

此句意為:那些能反對(duì)/抗議卻不反對(duì)/抗議的人就是這一行動(dòng)的幫兇;選項(xiàng)C、D與原句意思矛盾;選項(xiàng)D與原句意思不符,因此A(與幫助罪犯無(wú)異)為答案。

15.

Hedidn'tbuythebookbecausehewasinterestedinpoetry.A.Hedidn'tbuythebookbecausehewasnotinterestedinpoetry.B.Heboughtthebook,butitisnotbecausehewasinterestedinpoetry.C.Heboughtthebookbecausehewasinterestedinpoetry.D.Heboughtthebookbecausehewasnotinterestedinpoetry.正確答案:B[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

此句考察的是否定的轉(zhuǎn)移:有時(shí),漢語(yǔ)中對(duì)狀語(yǔ)的否定在譯成英語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換為對(duì)謂語(yǔ)的否定;因此本句應(yīng)是Heboughtthebook,butitisnotbecausehewasinterestedinpoetry.所以B為答案。

ⅡReadingComprehensionInthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwith4(A,B,CandD)choicestocompletethestatement.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Thetimeforthissectionis75minutes.

Thesuntodayisayellowdwarfstar.Itisfueledbythermonuclearreactionsnearitscenterthatconverthydrogentohelium.Thesunhasexistedinitspresentstateforabout4billion,600millionyearsandisthousandsoftimeslargerthantheEarth.

Bystudyingotherstars,astronomerscanpredictwhattherestofthesun'slifewillbelike.About5billionyearsfromnow,thecoreofthesunwillshrinkandbecomehotter.Thesurfacetemperaturewillfail.Thehighertemperatureofthecenterwillincreasetherateofthermonuclearreactions.Theouterregionsofthesunwillexpandapproximately35millionmiles,aboutthedistancetomercury,whichistheclosestplanettothesun.Thesunwillthenbearedgiantstar.Temperaturesontheearthwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist.

Oncethesunhasusedupitsthermonuclearenergyasaredgiant,itwillbegintoshrink.Afteritshrinkstothesizeoftheearth,itwillbecomeawhitedwarfstar.Thesunmaythrowoffhugeamountsofgasesinviolenteruptionscallednovaexplosionsasitchangesfromaredgianttoawhitedwarf.

Afterbillionsofyearsasawhitedwarf,theSunwillhaveusedupallitsfuelandwillhavelostitsheat.Suchastariscalledablackdwarf.AftertheSunhasbecomeablackdwarf,theearthwillbedarkandcold.Ifanyatmosphereremainsthere,itwillhavefrozenontotheearth'ssurface.1.

Whatistheprimarypurposeofthispassage?A.Toalertpeopletothedangersposedbythesun.B.Todiscussconditionsonearthinthefarfuture.C.Topresentatheoryaboutredgiantstars.D.Todescribechangesthatthesunwillgothrough.正確答案:D[解析]主旨題型

本文主要談?wù)摿耍喝缃竦奶?yáng)是個(gè)黃色的矮星,由靠近它中心的高熱原子核反應(yīng)將氫轉(zhuǎn)化為氦來(lái)提供燃料?!煳膶W(xué)家通過(guò)研究其它星球,能夠預(yù)測(cè)太陽(yáng)的余生/未來(lái)會(huì)是什么樣子。距今大約五十億年后,太陽(yáng)的核會(huì)縮小并且會(huì)變得更熱,而太陽(yáng)表面的溫度會(huì)降低……然后太陽(yáng)將會(huì)成為一個(gè)紅色的巨星。地球上的溫度會(huì)變得過(guò)熱,以至沒(méi)有生命能夠存活。

一旦太陽(yáng)耗盡了紅色巨星的高熱原子核反應(yīng)的能量,它會(huì)開(kāi)始縮?。坏人s小到地球的大小時(shí),它將會(huì)變成個(gè)白色的矮星;當(dāng)它從一個(gè)紅色巨星變成一個(gè)白色矮星時(shí),太陽(yáng)會(huì)以劇烈噴發(fā)的形式釋放大量的被稱(chēng)之為“新星爆發(fā)”的氣體。在變成白色矮星的幾十億年后,太陽(yáng)會(huì)耗盡它所有的燃料,熱度消失;這樣的一個(gè)星被稱(chēng)之為黑色矮星……由此得知本文的主要目的是談?wù)撎?yáng)所要經(jīng)歷的變化,因此D為答案。

2.

Theword"fueled"underlinedinParagraph1mostprobablymeans______.A.poweredB.bombardedC.createdD.pushed正確答案:A[解析]詞義題型

A.powered產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力;B.bombarded炮轟,轟擊;C.created創(chuàng)造;D.pushed推動(dòng);參照注釋51。太陽(yáng)由靠近它中心的高熱原子核反應(yīng)將氫轉(zhuǎn)化為氦來(lái)……因此A為答案。

3.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthesun______.A.isapproximatelyhalfwaythroughitslifeasayellowdwarfB.hasbeeninexistencefor10billionyearsC.israpidlychanginginsizeandbrightnessD.willcontinueasayellowdwarfforanother10billionyears正確答案:A[解析]推斷題型

從文章第二段第一句得知,天文學(xué)家通過(guò)研究其它星球,能夠預(yù)測(cè)太陽(yáng)的余生/未來(lái)會(huì)是什么樣子。文章沒(méi)有談及太陽(yáng)已存在了多少年,選項(xiàng)B不對(duì);盡管文章談了太陽(yáng)所要經(jīng)歷的變化,但這一過(guò)程是極其緩慢的,選項(xiàng)C也不對(duì);文章第二段提到:距今大約五十億年后,太陽(yáng)的核會(huì)縮小并且會(huì)變得更熱,而太陽(yáng)表面的溫度會(huì)降低,然后太陽(yáng)將會(huì)成為一個(gè)紅色的巨星,因此選項(xiàng)D也不對(duì);所以A為答案。

4.

Whatwillprobablybethefirststageofchangeasthesunbecomesaredgiant?A.Itscorewillcooloffanduselessfuel.B.Itssurfacewillbecomehotterandshrink.C.Itwilluseupitsthermonuclearenergy.D.Itscenterwillgrowsmallerandhotter.正確答案:D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型

見(jiàn)第二段第二句并參照注釋51:距今大約五十億年后,太陽(yáng)的核會(huì)縮小并且會(huì)變得更熱,而太陽(yáng)表面的溫度會(huì)降低,然后太陽(yáng)將會(huì)成為一個(gè)紅色的巨星;因此D為答案。

5.

Whenthesunbecomesaredgiant,whatwillconditionsbelikeonEarth?A.Itsatmospherewillfreezeandbecomesolid.B.Itwillbeenvelopedintheexpandingsurfaceofthesun.C.Itwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist.D.Itwillbenearlydestroyedbynovaexplosions.正確答案:C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型

見(jiàn)第二段最后一句TemperaturesontheEarthwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist.(地球上的溫度會(huì)變得過(guò)熱,以至沒(méi)有生命能夠存活。)C為答案。

6.

Asawhitedwarf,thesunwillbe______.A.thesamesizeastheplanetMercuryB.thousandsoftimessmallerthanitistodayC.around35millionmilesindiameterD.coldanddark正確答案:B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型

見(jiàn)第三段第一、二句:一旦太陽(yáng)用盡了它作為一個(gè)紅色巨星的熱核能,它就開(kāi)始縮小;等它縮小到地球的大小時(shí)就會(huì)變成一個(gè)白色的矮星。所以B為答案。

7.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthesequenceofstagesthatthesunwillprobablypassthrough?A.Yellowdwarf,whitedwarf,redgiant,blackgiant.B.Redgiant,whitedwarf,reddwarf,novaexplosion.C.Yellowdwarf,redgiant,whitedwarf,blackdwarf.D.Whitedwarf,redgiant,blackdwarf,yellowdwarf.正確答案:C[解析]是非題型

通讀全文,可得出結(jié)論:太陽(yáng)的演變過(guò)程是Yellowdwarf,redgiant,whitedwarf;blackdwarf,所以C為答案。

8.

Thephrase"throwoff"underlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymeans______.A.ejectB.burnupC.convertD.letin正確答案:A[解析]詞義題型

見(jiàn)第三段最后一句:當(dāng)太陽(yáng)從一個(gè)紅色巨星變成一個(gè)白矮星時(shí),它會(huì)以猛烈噴發(fā)的形式______大量的氣體,這被稱(chēng)之為新星爆發(fā)。而A.eject逐出,噴射;B.bumup燒掉,發(fā)怒;C.convert使轉(zhuǎn)變;D.letin放進(jìn),允許……進(jìn)入;因此A為答案。

9.

Theword"there"underlinedinParagraph4refersto______.A.ourownplanetB.theoutersurfaceofthesunC.thecoreofablackdwarfD.theplanetmercury正確答案:A[解析]詞義題型

見(jiàn)最后一段最后兩句:最后一句中的there指的是上一句的主語(yǔ)theEarth,因此答案為A。

10.

Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetoneofthepassage?A.Alarmed.B.Pessimistic.C.Comic.D.Objective.正確答案:D[解析]態(tài)度題型

作者在敘述本文時(shí)直截了當(dāng),也沒(méi)摻雜個(gè)人的情感,就事論事;因此答案為D。

Scientistsstudyingtheactivityofthelivingbrainwithwidelyusednewimagingtechniqueshavebeenmissingsomeoftheearlieststepsinbrainactivitybecausethosechangesaresubtleandaremaskedbyreactionsthathappensecondslater,Israeliscientistssay.

Theimagingtechniques—positronemissiontomographyscanningandmagneticresonanceimaging,knownasPETandfunctionalM.R.I.scans—areusedprominentlyinstudiesofbrainactivity.Themostactivebrainareasappeartolightuponthescansasspecifictasksareperformed.Thetwotechniquesdonotmeasurenerve-cellactivitydirectly;theymeasuretheextraflowofbloodthatsurgestothemostactivebrainareas.

ResearchersattheWeizmannInstituteofScienceinRehovot,Israel,havemonitoredthesechangesinbloodflowinanesthetizedcatsbyremovingpartsoftheskullandobservinghowthenervecellsinactivatedregionsfueltheiractivitiesbyrapidlyremovingoxygenfromnearbyredbloodcells.

Thisrapiduptakeofoxygen,madeevidentbyvisiblechangesinthecoloroftheredcells,provesthatearlyoxygentransfergivestheseneuronstheenergytodotheirwork,theresearcherssaid.

TheyalsofoundthatsubtlechangesinbloodflowbegansignificantlyearlierthanwasdetectedbyPETandfunctionalM.R.I.scans,whichlacksufficientresolutionanddonotformtheirimagesquicklyenoughtofollowsuchrapidchanges.Dr.AmiramGrinvaldpublishedthefindingsintheJournalScience.

"Theinitialeventisverylocalizedandwillbemissedifyoudon'tlookforitsoonenoughandusethehighestpossibleresolution,"Dr.Grinvaldsaid."Nowpeoplearebeginningtouseourresultswithotherimagingmethods."

Workingontheexposedbrainletsresearchersfollowelectricalactivityandtheaccompanyingbloodflowingreaterdetailthanispossiblebyusingindirectimagingmethodsthattrackneuralactivitythroughtheskull.However,opportunitiesforopen-skullstudiesofhumansarelimitedtosomekindsofneurosurgery,andresearchersmustmostlyrelyonPETandfunctionalM.R.I.imagesforstudieslinkingbehaviorwithspecificbrainactivity.

Bydirectlyobservingexposedcatbrainsandinsimilarworkwithafewhumancases,Dr.Grinvaldandhisassociateshavebeenabletoobservethefirstevidenceofelectricalactivityandotherchangesinbraincellsafteralighthasbeenseenoralimbmoved.

Thenewestresearchshowedthatittookthreesecondsormoreafteraneventfortheflowofbloodtoincreasetoanareaofthebraindealingwithastimulus.Thatistheblood-flowincreaseusuallypicturedinbrain-functionstudieswithPETorfunctionalM.R.Itechniques,theIsraeliresearcherssaid.However,theinitialreactionobservedintheWeizmannresearchbydirectlyimagingtheexposedbrain—thedirecttransferofoxygenfrombloodcellstoneurons—occurredinthefirst-tenthofasecondandwaslosttoconventionalimaging,theysaid.

Thelaterincreaseinbloodflowtothearea,Dr.Grinvaldsaid,wasobviouslyanattemptbythebodytosupplymoreoxygenforbrainactivity.Buttheincreaseinbloodwassoabundantthatitcoveredanareamuchlargerthantheregiondirectlyinvolvedintheactivitybeingstudied,maskingsomeofthesubtlechanges,hesaid.

Thebody'sreaction,theresearcherssaidinthepaper,waslike"wateringtheentiregardenforthesakeofonethirstyflower."

Dr.KamilUgurbil,saidthattheIsraeliresearchprovidedcluesthatallowedtheuseoffunctionalM.R.I.scanstopictureearliereventsintheactivityofbraincells.

"Dr.Grinvald'sobservationsareveryimportant,andtheyhavesignificantimplicationsforfunctionalimagingwithhighresolution,"Dr.Ugurbilsaidinaninterview."Wehaveactuallybeenabletolookattheearlychangeswithmagneticresonanceimaging,butyouneedtousehighermagneticfieldstoseethemclearlybecausetheyaresmalleffects."

Bytimingtheirimagesmorecarefullyandbyusingstrongermagneticfieldsthannormal,hesaid,researchershaveusedDr.Grinvald'sfindingstostudyearlyneuronalresponsestostimuliatsmaller,morespecificsitesinthebrain.11.

Accordingtothepassage,scientistscan'tobservesomeoftheearlieststepsinbrainactivitybecause______.A.thosechangesaresubtleandmaskedbysomereactionsB.subtlechangesinbloodflowbeganearlierC.theimagingtechniquesareoutofplaceD.theflowofbloodtoincreasetoanareaofthebrainisslow正確答案:A[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型

見(jiàn)第一段,因此答案為A。

12.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Theimagingtechniquesnotonlymeasurenerve-cellactivitybutalsotheextraflowofbloodthatsurgestothemostactivebrainareas.B.Theimagingtechniquesdonotmeasure

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