翻譯三級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)分類模擬題4

翻譯三級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)分類模擬題4EnglishChineseTranslationEnglandandFranceareseparatedbytwenty-twomilesofopens（江南博哥）eaattheirclosestpoint.

1

AttemptstoswimtheEnglishChannelhavebeenmadebypeopleofallagesandfromvariouswalksoflife.Eachswimmerisdrawntothefamouschannelfordifferentreasons,buteachhasthesamegoal—toconquerthechannel.

TheEnglishChannelwasfirstcrossedin1875byMathewWebb,anEnglishman,whoswambreaststrokefromDover,England,toCalais,France.

2

Sincethen,over3,700peoplehavemadeapproximately4,500attemptsonthechannel.Only297people,however,havesuccessfullyduplicatedWebb'sremarkableachievement.

Coldwater,roughseas,strongcurrents,heavywindsandjellyfishareamongthemanyreasonswhythesuccessrateissolow.

Swimmersandescortcrewsmustwaitforperiodsofcalmseasandlightwinds,lasting10-20hours.

3

Muchtothefrustrationoftheathletesandtheircoachesandcrews,theweathermayonlycooperateafewdayseachyear.

Onceinthechannel,swimmersarealwaysatthemercyoftheelementssincetemperatures,windsandcurrentscanchangehoudy.

4

Quiteoften,luckandgoodtimingplayasimportantaroleinaswimmer'ssuccessasproperphysicaltrainingandmentalpreparation.

Channelswimmerscomeinallages,abilitiesandbackgrounds.

5

ButswimmingtheEnglishChannelwillalwaysbethesametoallitschallengers—anincredibleadventurethatteststhelimitofhumanendurance,courageandperseverance.1.

正確答案：不同年齡和不同職業(yè)的人都曾經(jīng)試圖游過(guò)英吉利海峽。游泳愛好者被吸引到這個(gè)著名的海峽來(lái)的原因各不相同，然而他們的目標(biāo)是一致的——征服海峽。

2.

正確答案：從那時(shí)起，有3700多人進(jìn)行了大約4500次橫渡海峽的嘗試，然而，只有297人成功地再現(xiàn)了韋布的驚人成就。

3.

正確答案：讓運(yùn)動(dòng)員、教練員和護(hù)衛(wèi)人員頗為泄氣的是，一年當(dāng)中老天爺樂意配合的日子只有幾天。

4.

正確答案：運(yùn)氣的好壞和時(shí)機(jī)的選擇對(duì)游泳者的成功所起到的作用常常和適當(dāng)?shù)捏w能訓(xùn)練和心理準(zhǔn)備所起到的作用相當(dāng)。

5.

正確答案：但是，游過(guò)英吉利海峽對(duì)所有的挑戰(zhàn)者來(lái)說(shuō)一直具有同樣的意義——它是向人類的耐力、勇氣和韌性的極限的挑戰(zhàn)，是一次令人難以置信的冒險(xiǎn)。

Bytheeighteenthcentury,theriseofindustrialisminthewestwasaccompaniedbyadeclineofreligionthatcannotbeseenasanaccidentalconcurrence.Andfromthenonthetrendaccelerates.Astheaveragemanbecomesmoreenabledtoliveincomfortablehouses,toescapemostofthechildhooddiseases,tocommunicaterapidlythroughtimeandspace,tomovelongdistanceswithease,hisperceptionofNatureundergoesastartlingalteration.

6

NolongerdoesNatureseemquitesoterrificandtreacherous;formanismuchlesslikelynowtostarveforwantoffoodorperishfromtheheatorcold.Hisrelationtotheotheranimalsandplantsappearsthicklyveiledbyairconditioning,frozenfoods,automobilesandwashingmachines.

7

Ithasbeensaidagainandagainthatmodernman'scomfortablelifeamidsttheconveniencesoftechnologyhascausedhimtosufferaspiritualdeathandtofeelempty,withoutpurposeanddirection.Andthatmaywellbethecase.Butneverthelessaradicaldistinctionmustbemadehere:theneedfortranscendenceexperiencedbymosthumanbeingspriortomoderntimeswasaverydifferentonefromwhatisclaimedtoexisttoday.

8

Foriftheconnectionbetweenthegrowthofindustryandthedeclineofreligionisarealone,theearlierspirituallivesappearasanescapefromman'svulnerablepositioninhisbattlewithNature.Itwasnotthatman'ssensitivenesstotheideaofthegoodandthebeautifulwasanymoredevelopedinpasthistory;rather,hisneedtoescapefromanintolerablephysicallifewasgreaterthanours.

WhenIspeakofman'spreviousneedfortranscendence,Idonotrefertotheneedsofgreatcreativepeople—artist,craftsmen—whocanneverbesatisfiedwiththestatus.

9

Ispeakofthemassesofpeoplewhosespiritualliveswerenecessarytomaketheirphysicallivesendurableandwho,hadchoicebeenpossible,wouldcertainlyhavepreferredphysicalcomfortsoverspirituality.Thissituationdoesnotforthemostpartnowexist:TVandtoiletmaketheneedforGodunnecessary.MandoesnotgenerallyliveinfearofNatureexceptwhenearthquakestrikes,forheismostlyunawareofaconnectionwithnatureconcealedbymoderntechnology.

10

Thepresentneedforspirituallivesisbasedonsufficiencyandnotondeprivation,anditdoesnotseekahaveninanotherworldbutratheramorebeautifulversionofthisone.WhatIamconcernediswhathashappenedasaresultoftheIndustrialRevolutiontoman'sconceptionofhisrelationshipwithNature.6.

正確答案：大自然不再顯得那樣恐怖和兇險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)槿祟惉F(xiàn)在不大可能因?yàn)槿鄙偌Z食而挨餓，或者因炎熱或寒冷而喪生。

7.

正確答案：許多人認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)代人舒適地生活在技術(shù)帶來(lái)的便利之中，這使他感到精神危機(jī)和生活空虛，人生沒有目的和方向。

8.

正確答案：如果工業(yè)發(fā)展與宗教衰落有必然聯(lián)系的話，早期人類的精神生活好像是對(duì)人與自然的斗爭(zhēng)中所處脆弱地位的逃避。

9.

正確答案：我說(shuō)的是人民大眾，為了忍受物質(zhì)生活的艱辛，他們的精神生活是必要的。而且，如果有選擇的可能，他們一定會(huì)選擇物質(zhì)上的舒適，而非精神信仰。

10.

正確答案：當(dāng)今人們對(duì)精神生活的需求，是建立在富足、而不是貧乏的基礎(chǔ)上的，它不是尋求來(lái)世的庇護(hù)所，而是想把今生變得更美好。

Thisissupposedtobeanenlightenedage,butyouwouldn'tthinksoifyoucouldhearwhattheaveragemanthinksoftheaveragewoman.Womenwontheirindependenceyearsago.Afteralong,bitterstruggle,theynowenjoythesameeducationalopportunitiesasmeninmostpartsoftheworld.Theyhaveprovedrepeatedlythattheyareequalandoftensuperiortomeninalmosteveryfield.

11

Thehard-foughtbattleforrecognitionhasbeenwon,butitisbynomeansover.Itismen,notwomenwhostillcarryonthesexwarbecausetheirattituderemainsbasicallyhostile.Eveninthemostprogressivesocieties,womencontinuetoberegardedassecond-ratecitizens.Tohearsomementalk,you'dthinkthatwomenbelongedtoadifferentspecies!

Onthesurface,thecommentsmadebymenaboutwomen'sabilitiesseemlight-hearted.Thesametiredjokesaboutwomendriversarerepeateddayindayout.

12

Thisapparentlight-heartednessdoesnotconcealtherealcontemptthatmenfeelforwomen.Howevermuchmensneer,atwomen,theirclaimstosuperiorityarenotborneoutbystatistics.Let'sconsiderthematterofdriving,forinstance.

13

Weallknowthatwomencausefarfeweraccidentsthanmen.Theyaretooconscientiousandresponsibletodrivelikemaniacs.Butthisisaminorquibble.Womenhavesucceededinanyjobyoucaretoname.Aspoliticians,soldiers,doctors,factory-hands,universityprofessors,farmers,companydirectors,lawyers,bus-conductors,scientistsandpresidentsofcountriestheyhaveoftenputmentoshame.Andwemustrememberthattheyfrequentlysucceedbrilliantlyinallthesefieldsinadditiontobearingandrearingchildren.

14

Yetmengoonmaintainingthefictionthattherearemanyjobswomencan'tdo.Top-levelpoliticalnegotiationbetweencountries,businessandbankingarealmostentirelycontrolledbymen,whojealouslyguardtheirso-called"rights".EveninotherwiseenlightenedplaceslikeSwitzerlandwomenhaven'tevenbeengiventhevote.Thissituationispreposterous!Theargumentsthatmenputforwardtoexcludewomenfromthesefieldsarealltoofamiliar.Women,theysay,areunreliableandirrational.Theydependtoolittleoncoolreasoningandtoomuchonintuitionandinstincttoarriveatdecisions.Theyarenotevencapableofthinkingclearly.Yetwhenwomenprovetheirabilities,menrefusetoacknowledgethemandgivethemtheirdue.Somuchforaman'sabilitytothinkclearly!

Thetruthisthatmenclingtotheirsupremacybecauseoftheirbasicinferioritycomplex.Theyshunrealcompetition.Theyknowintheirheartsthatwomenaresuperiorandtheyareafraidofbeingbeatenattheirowngame.

Oneofthemostimportanttasksintheworldistoachievepeacebetweenthenations.

15

Youcanbesurethatifwomenwereallowedtositroundtheconferencetable,theywouldsucceedbrilliantly,astheyalwaysdo,wheremenhavefailedforcenturies.11.

正確答案：這場(chǎng)為獲得承認(rèn)而進(jìn)行的艱苦戰(zhàn)斗已經(jīng)獲得了勝利，但還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒有結(jié)束。繼續(xù)進(jìn)行這場(chǎng)性別之戰(zhàn)的是男人而非女人，因?yàn)槟腥藢?duì)女人在根本上仍保持著敵對(duì)的態(tài)度。

12.

正確答案：這種明顯的漫不經(jīng)心掩蓋不住男人對(duì)女人的輕視。不管男人對(duì)女人有多少冷嘲熱諷，他們所表達(dá)的優(yōu)越感并不是能用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字來(lái)證實(shí)的。

13.

正確答案：我們都知道，女人所引起的交通事故遠(yuǎn)比男人少。她們太小心、太有責(zé)任感了，不會(huì)像瘋子一樣開車。

14.

正確答案：然而男人依舊懷有這樣的幻想，認(rèn)為有很多工作是女人做不了的。

15.

正確答案：你可以確信，如果允許女人坐在會(huì)議桌旁，在這個(gè)數(shù)百年來(lái)男人屢遭失敗的地方，女人會(huì)像她們一直以來(lái)都獲得成功那樣，取得輝煌的勝利。

TheInternet,e-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.

Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOsandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,"No,quitethecontrail."

16

Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda"technologicalrenaissance"saytheyareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends—nottomentionstrangers.

17

Andwhat'smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.

Thetechnoguruspromisedasthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.

18

Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.

Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,thedotcomgeneration,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.

19

Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24-hourelectronictradingmarkets,onlinebankingservices,all-nighte-commerce,and24-hourInternetnewsandentertainmentallhollerforourattention.

Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,consider,andreflect?

Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.

20

Ifthisnewtechnology,revolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenmorepreciousthantime—oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.16.

正確答案：正是這些開創(chuàng)了所謂“科技復(fù)興”時(shí)代的人們說(shuō)，他們甚至在和自己的同事、朋友打交道時(shí)都不那么客氣了，更不用說(shuō)對(duì)待陌生人了。

17.

正確答案：更能夠說(shuō)明問(wèn)題的是，他們把很大一部分責(zé)任歸咎于他們同時(shí)正積極擁護(hù)的技術(shù)上。

18.

正確答案：相反，那些我們本以為可以解放我們的技術(shù)奇跡卻開始把我們困在相互聯(lián)系的網(wǎng)內(nèi)，似乎很難從中輕易逃脫。

19.

正確答案：我們的每一刻閑暇時(shí)間都被某種業(yè)務(wù)聯(lián)系所侵占，時(shí)間反倒成了最稀缺的資源。

20.

正確答案：如果這種新技術(shù)革命僅僅意味著超級(jí)高效，那么我們就可能失去某種比時(shí)間更珍貴的東西——我們對(duì)做一個(gè)有愛心的人的價(jià)值感。

Thekeypositionandroleofwomenintheprocessofdevelopmentisincreasinglybeingrecognized.AlthoughthethreegreatWorldConferencesofWomenweremoreconcernedwithrecognizingandcompilingapproachestoemancipationwecancurrentlyconfirmageneralsharpeningofawareness.

21

IthasbecomeclearthattheThirdWorldcultureshavebeenweakenedinthisrespectbythemethodsofcolonialeducationwhicharealmostexclusivelydirectedtowardsthemale.Ofthemanycriticismsofthissituationletonevoicebeheard:"Developmenteducationgroupsandprogramsareverymuchmaledominatedandlackwoman'sperspective."So,too,thehopesplacedinvocationaltrainingasanaidtoequalityhavebeendisappointedsincethisinitsturnwastolargeextentfocusedonmale.

22

Inthesecircumstancesweshouldnotbesurprisedthatuntilnowwomenhaveparticipatedleastintheeducationalprocesseswhichhavebeenintroduced.Only20%attendprimaryschoolandthepercentageofthosewholeaveearlyishighestamonggirls.Becauseofthelackofbasictrainingonlyaround10%takepartinAdultEducationprograms.Henceitisvitallyimportanttosecureaturningpointbyincreasingtheawarenessoftheneedforeducation.

TheInternationalConferenceatJomtienin1990providedthesolutiontothis:"Amoreeducatedmotherraisesahealthierfamily.Shehasfewerandbetter-educatedchildren.Sheismoreproductiveathomeandintheworkplaceandisbetterabletogetfurthereducation."

23

Manyproblemsinschoolareconsequencesofincorrectorimproperlybalancednutritioncombin