2025版新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit1PeopleofAchievement課時(shí)作業(yè)一ReadingandThinking新人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)ReadingandThinking必備學(xué)問(wèn)基礎(chǔ)練進(jìn)階訓(xùn)練第一層Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Thetwopostersare________(有區(qū)分的)fromeachotherinstyle.2．Youmust________(承諾)yourselftofinishthetaskontime.3．Itisnecessaryforustohaveano________attitudetowardslife.4．Onlyifyoumakeeffortstofulfillthetaskcanyoubea________tobeexcellent.5．Asamatteroffact,happinessdoesn'tlieinhowmuch________(財(cái)產(chǎn))youown.6．Asisknowntoall,talentandhardworkareboth________(至關(guān)重要的)tocareersuccess.7．Solongaswecan________(擊敗)theotherteam,we'llbecomethechampionofcourse.8．Thehospitalhasrecentlyo________newmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Thescientistislookingforawaytodraw________theextract.2．Youmustn'tgetclosetothe________(boil)water!It'sdangerous!3．Theoldmaninsisted________leavinghisgrandsoninthisvillage.4．Thewheelsofthecargot________(stick)inthemud.5．Theywillholdameetingtofindthekey________solvingtheproblem.6．Howdidthedoctorfindanewtreatment________thisstrangedisease?7．________(apparent),thevillagerswerenotinfavourofthenewplan.8．Withsomuchnoise,hefoundithardtodosome________(science)research.Ⅲ.課文語(yǔ)法填空TuYouyouisuniversallyacknowledgedasascientistofgreat1.________(achieve).BorninNingbo,China,on30December1930,TuYouyougraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.In1967,shewaschosenintoaresearchteam2.________wasformedbythegovernmentwiththeaimofdiscoveringanewtreatment3.________malariaandtwoyearslatershebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing.Sheandherteammatesexaminedover2，000oldmedicaltexts,4.________(evaluate)280，000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties,andtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.Asa5.________(commit)andpatientscientist,sheneveracknowledgeddefeatwhateverdifficultyshemet.Afterfailingtodrawoutusefulextractby6.________(boil)thesweetwormwood,shebeganeven7.________(careful)thinkingandresearchwork.Shedrew8.________conclusionthatboilingthesweetwormwooddestroyed9.________(it)medicalproperties.Sosheusedalowertemperature10.________(draw)outtheextractandfinallyshesucceeded.關(guān)鍵實(shí)力綜合練進(jìn)階訓(xùn)練其次層Ⅰ.閱讀理解閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWomenhavebeenmakingscientificdiscoveriessinceancienttimes.TwelvewomenhavewontheNobelPrizeforScience,oneofthehighesthonorsintheworld.Somewomenscientistsnevermarried,someworkedwiththeirhusbands,andothersraisedlargefamilies.Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.Intheearly1800sinEngland,MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognizedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.Maryandherfathercollectedfossils(化石)intheirvillageonthesouthcoastofGreatBritain.Fossilsarepartsofplantsoranimalsthathavebeensavedinrocksformillionsofyears.Whenshewasonlytwelveyearsold,Marybecamethefirstpersontofindthealmostcompleteskeletons(骨架)ofseveralanimalsthatnolongerexistedontheearth.Shedidn'tbecomefamousforherdiscoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossilstogetmoneytosupportherfamily.In1891,ayoungPolishwomannamedMarieSklodowskatraveledtoParistostudyphysics.ShedidsobecauseshecouldnotgetacollegeeducationinPoland.ShebeganworkinginthelaboratoryofamannamedPierreCurie.MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.TheyreceivedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903alongwithanotherscientist.MarieCuriebecamethefirstpersontobeawardedasecondNobelPrizein1911,thistimeforChemistry.MarieCuriewasoneofthefewwomenatthetimewhobecamefamousasascientist.1．Theauthorbelievesthatwomenscientists________.A.havemoreopportunitiestobecomesuccessfulB.cannotgetthehighesthonorsintheworldC.gothroughdifficultiestobesuccessfulD.hadbetterpaymoreattentiontotheirfamilies2．MaryAnningwasoneofthefirstwomento________．A.wintheNobelPrizeforScienceaftergettingmarriedB.makeachievementsinthestudyofancientearthC.researchanimalsandtheirbonesD.studythemysteryofallkindsofplants3．WhatcanwelearnaboutMarieSklodowska?A.ShestudiedphysicsinPolandandgotacollegeeducation.B.ShereceivedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903onherown.C.SheonlygotoneNobelPrizeduringherlifetime.D.Shemademanydiscoveriesaftershegotmarried.4．What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Ancientdiscoveries.B．Womenscientists.C.Successfulmarriages.D．Differentprizes.BModernmedicineandthelatesttechnologycansavemanylives.Ifyouliveinacountrywherehealthcareisreadilyavailableandaccessible,thenyourchancesofrecoveringfromillnessesoraccidentsareverygood.ButformanypeopleintheUSwhoareuninsured(無(wú)保險(xiǎn)的),theycan'taffordthesenewmedicaltreatments.That'swhyDoctorDemetrioAguilainNorfolkletspoorpatientspayforsurgery(外科手術(shù))throughvolunteerwork.“ForyearsIhadbeendoingsurgeryforpatientsandtakingcareoftheirhealthproblems.ThenIwouldfindoutmonthslater,sometimesyearslater,thatIhadcausedtheirfinancialruin，”Aguilasaid.Seriousillnessescancompletelydepleteafamily'ssavings,leavingthemnochoicebuttogobankrupt(破產(chǎn)).ThenheformedHealingHandsM25asawaytogivepoorpatientsthemedicalfeestheyneedbydonatingtheirtimetocommunityservice.Theprocessisprettysimple.Theypracticepartnerswithlocalcharitableorganizations.Thepatientpicksthecharityanddonateshistimeandsweat;Aguiladeterminestheamountofvolunteerhoursthepatienthastocomplete.“We'veloweredthecostofhealthcare.We'vemadeitfairforeverybodyinvolved，”Aguilasaid.ThefirstpatienttoparticipateintheprogramwasJeffreyJensonwhoworkedfor560hourstopayforsurgeryonhisleg.Jensonaskedhisfriendsandfamilytohelphimcompletethehours.Jensonsaidthathisvolunteerworkgreatlyaffectedhislifeasmuchasthesurgery.“TheM25programisnotaboutmoney—it'saboutifpeoplecometogethertohelpotherpeople,thenthecommunitybecomesbetter，”saidJenson.Thisprogramisabigwinforthepatients,thelocalcommunity,andDrAguilawhoknowshehasdoneeverythinghecouldtohelphispatients.5．HowdoesAguilamakepoorpatientspayforsurgery?A.Incash.B.Throughaninsurancecompany.C.Bydoingvolunteerwork.D.Byservingthedoctor.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deplete”inParagraph2mean?A.Setaside.B．Useup.C.Cutdown.D．Addto.7．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.WhatHealingHandsM25does.B.HowHealingHandsM25works.C.WhyAguilarunsHealingHandsM25.D.WhypatientschooseHealingHandsM25.8．WhatisJenson'sattitudetowardstheM25program?A.Positive.B．Negative.C.Objective.D．Unconcerned.Ⅱ.閱讀七選五閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AudreyHepburnwasborninBelgiumin1929.Shelikedtospendtimewithherfather.Perhapshewasnotawarmfather,buthewasjoyousandjokedalot.Hehadhishorses,spoke13languages,andwouldtakehergliding(滑翔).__1__Whenshewassix,Audrey'sfatherwalkedout.Itwasthefirstmajorblowinherlife.Fromthenon,Audrey'schildhoodwasunsettled.HermotherdecidedthatitmightbeagoodideaforhertolearnEnglish,soshesenthertoaboardingschool.__2__Shefeltlikeanoutsider,butshelearnedEnglish.Verysoonthewarbrokeout.Audrey'smothersentforAudreytojoinherinHolland.TheyweretakeninbyAudrey'swealthygrandfather.Withinayear,theNazisturnedagainsttheDutch.Thentherewasnoheating,noschoolandnofood.__3__Sheshowedremarkableresilience(快速?gòu)?fù)原的實(shí)力)duringthewar.Audreymadeherperformancedebut(初次表演)bydancinginwartimeHolland.Shedidn'tknowhowlongthewarwasgoingtolast,soshewenttoballet(芭蕾舞)schoolandlearnedtodance.__4__Afterthewarended,Audreycarriedonwithherballettraining.In1951,afamousFrenchwriterwaslookingforaleadingladyforherbest-lovednovel.__5__AudreywastotakeAmericabystorm.A.Andtheneverythingchanged.B.Yet,Audrey'sspiritshonethrough.C.ButitwasdifficultforAudreytofitin.D.WhenshesawAudrey,shefamouslysaid,“I'vefoundmyGigi！”E.Itplayedanimportantroleinmakinghermorefamousthanever.F.Aboutayearbeforetheendofthewar,shebecamequiteanexcellentperformer.G.InMay1940,AudreyandherfamilycrossedtheborderandwentintoHolland.Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Faradaywasthe1.________(invent)oftheelectricgeneratorandelectricmotor.Faraday'sfathersufferedfromlong-timehealthproblems,asaresultof2.________hisfamilyhadlittlemoneytoaffordhisformalschooling.Buthewascuriousanddeterminedtolearn.While3.________(work)inLondonasateenager,hehadachancetoread4.________(vary)booksthathecouldgethishandson.In1812,heattendedfourlecturesattheRoyalInstitutiongivenbyafamouschemistnamedHumphreyDavy.AyearlaterFaraday5.________(accept)asDavy'slabassistant.DavyalsotookFaradayon6.________18-monthtourofEurope,whereFaradaymetsomeofthemostfamousscientistsoftheday.ButforDavy,Faraday7.________(lose)theopportunitytogainacompletescientificeducation.Hesoonbegantodo8.________(experiment)withelectricity.In1831,hediscoveredelectromagneticinduction.AndforthenexteightyearsFaradayworkedlonghoursinthelab,whichdidharm9.________hishealth.Bytheendofthedecadehewasin10.________poorhealththathisresearchdidnotbeginagainuntil1845.Inthemid-1850s,hewasforcedtoretireandhelivedatHamptonCourtuntilhisdeathon25August1867.課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)ReadingandThinking必備學(xué)問(wèn)基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.1．distinct2mit3.objective4.acknowledged5．property6.crucial7.defeat8.obtainedⅡ.1．out2.boiling3.on4.stuck5.to6.for7．Apparently8.scientificⅢ.1．答案與解析：achievement考查名詞。此處指屠呦呦被普遍認(rèn)為是一個(gè)有宏大成就的科學(xué)家。of后接抽象名詞表示某人或某物具有的某種特征或性質(zhì)，故填achievement。2．答案與解析：that/which考查關(guān)系詞。此處指她被選入一個(gè)由政府成立的科研團(tuán)隊(duì)。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為aresearchteam，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故填that或which。3．答案與解析：for考查介詞。anewtreatmentformalaria意為“一種治療瘧疾的新療法”，故填for。4．答案與解析：evaluated考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。設(shè)空處和句中的examined，tested作并列謂語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填evaluated。5．答案與解析：committed考查形容詞。committed為形容詞，意為“不遺余力的”，和patient一起作scientist的定語(yǔ)。6．答案與解析：boiling考查動(dòng)名詞。bydoingsth.意為“通過(guò)做某事”，by為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞。7．答案與解析：morecareful考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。此處指她起先了更加細(xì)致的思索和探討工作，含有比較的意思，且前面有even修飾。故填morecareful。8．答案與解析：a考查冠詞。drawaconclusionthat...得出一個(gè)……的結(jié)論。9．答案與解析：its考查形容詞性物主代詞。此處指破壞了它的藥用性能，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞its。10．答案與解析：todraw考查動(dòng)詞不定式。usesth.todosth.運(yùn)用某物做某事。故填todraw。關(guān)鍵實(shí)力綜合練Ⅰ.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了兩名在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)的女性。1．答案與解析：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段最終一句“Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.”可知，作者認(rèn)為女性科學(xué)家要經(jīng)驗(yàn)許多艱難才能走向勝利。2．答案與解析：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的“MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognizedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.”可知選B。3．答案與解析：D推理推斷題。由最終一段中的“MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.”可知D項(xiàng)正確。4．答案與解析：B主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了兩名在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)的女性。故選B。B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了Aguila醫(yī)生成立HealingHandsM25幫助患者通過(guò)做志愿者工作來(lái)支付手術(shù)費(fèi)用。5．答案與解析：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的“That'swhyDoctorDemetrioAguilainNorfolkletspoorpatientspayforsurgerythroughvolunteerwork.”可知，Aguila讓貧困患者通過(guò)做志愿者工作來(lái)支付手術(shù)費(fèi)用。6．答案與解析：B詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后的“...leavingthemnochoicebuttogobankrupt”可知，一個(gè)家庭之所以破產(chǎn)是因?yàn)閲?yán)峻的疾病會(huì)完全耗盡他們?nèi)康姆e蓄，故deplete意為“耗盡”，故選B項(xiàng)。7．答案與解析：B段落大意題。依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講解并描述了HealingHandsM25這一項(xiàng)目是如何運(yùn)行的。8．答案與解析：A觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段Jenson所說(shuō)的話可知，Jenson對(duì)HealingHandsM25這個(gè)項(xiàng)目持確定看法。Ⅱ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了奧黛麗·赫本成名前的故事。1．答案與解析：A由下文中的“Audrey'sfatherwalke