《植物病蟲害綠色防控技術(shù)》課件-柑橘大實(shí)蠅（雙語）

柑橘病蟲害綠色防控柑橘大實(shí)蠅GreenPreventionandControlofCitrusDiseasesandPestsTetradacuscitri(Chen)蛆果柑橘大實(shí)蠅MaggotfruitTetradacuscitri(Chen)柑橘大實(shí)蠅，俗名“柑蛆”，屬于雙翅目，芒角亞目，實(shí)蠅科，果實(shí)蠅屬，大實(shí)蠅亞屬的昆蟲。是危害柑橘、柚類的重要檢疫害蟲，也是國際檢疫性害蟲之一，有著專性強(qiáng)、傳播廣、危害大等特點(diǎn)。Tetradacuscitri(Chen),commonlyknownas"CitrusMaggot",belongstotheinsectofthesubgenusBactrocera,Bactrocera,Tephritidae,Diptera,Armigerae.Itisanimportantquarantinepestthatharmscitrusandpomelo,andalsooneoftheinternationalquarantinepests,withcharacteristicsofstrongspecificity,widespread,andgreatharm,etc.十字紋識(shí)別特征IdentificationcharacteristicsCrosspattern成蟲一般在白天活動(dòng)，尤其是下午1~4時(shí)活動(dòng)最為旺盛，天黑以后就停止活動(dòng)。成蟲活動(dòng)的最適溫度一般為21~30℃，晴天較陰天活動(dòng)多，雨天很少活動(dòng)，如果遇過高的氣溫，常尋陰蔽處棲息，如葉片的背陰面。大實(shí)蠅每年發(fā)生一代，成蟲6月中旬開始產(chǎn)卵，7-8月為產(chǎn)卵盛期，成蟲產(chǎn)卵的部位，對(duì)不同的寄主有一定的差異性。Imagoesgenerallymoveduringtheday,especiallyat1-4p.m.,andstopmovingafterdark.Themostappropriatetemperatureforimagoestomoveisgenerally21-30°C.Theymovemoreonsunnydaysthanoncloudydaysandrarelyonrainydays.Ifthetemperatureistoohigh,theyusuallyinhabitshadyplaces,suchastheshadysideofleaves.OnegenerationofTetradacuscitrioccurseveryyear.Theimagoesbegintolayeggsinmid-JuneandthepeakperiodisfromJulytoAugust.Thepartswheretheimagoeslayeggsvaryfromdifferenthosts.大實(shí)蠅幼蟲乳白至乳黃色，具有光澤，3齡時(shí)長約14~16mm，老熟時(shí)長約15~19mm，前端尖細(xì)，后端肥大?？阢^黑色，?？s入前胸內(nèi)。ThelarvaeofTetradacuscitriaremilkywhitetomilkyyellowandglossy.Theyareabout14-16mmlongatthethirdinstarandabout15-19mmlongatthematureinstar.Thefrontendispointedandthin,andthebackendishypertrophic.Theoralhooksareblackandoftenretractedintotheprothorax.大實(shí)蠅產(chǎn)卵Tetradacuscitri(Chen)layseggs.幼蟲就會(huì)從果皮鉆進(jìn)果實(shí)內(nèi)部取食果瓤，等到發(fā)育到老熟幼蟲后，即從危害果實(shí)內(nèi)鉆出，掉落到地上。Thelarvaewillwormthemselvesfromtheskinintothefruitstofeedonthepulps,andwhentheydeveloptomaturelarvae,theywillwormthemselvesoutofthedamagedfruitsandfalltotheground.為害柑橘果實(shí)為害早期，可以看到產(chǎn)卵及初孵幼蟲為害處周圍變?yōu)辄S色，變黃現(xiàn)象從9月中旬開始，在9月下旬至10月上旬最多DamagetocitrusfruitsAttheearlystageofdamage,itcanbeseenthattheareaaroundthedamagebyovipositingandnewlyhatchedlarvaeturnsyellowfrommid-September,andthephenomenonismostcommonfromlateSeptembertoearlyOctober.為害柑橘果實(shí)有些被大實(shí)蠅為害后的果實(shí)不脫落，內(nèi)部含帶大量蛆蟲，一般有柑蛆5-10頭，多則100頭以上，就是人們說的“蛆果”了。DamagetocitrusfruitsSomefruitsdamagedbyTetradacuscitridonotfalloff,andcontainalargenumberofmaggotsinside.Generally,ifthereare5-10citrusmaggotsandmorethan100citrusmaggots,itiscalled"MaggotFruit".預(yù)防為主綜合防治植物檢疫PreventionfirstwithintegratedcontrolPlantquarantine預(yù)防為主綜合防治農(nóng)業(yè)防治集中掩埋PreventionfirstwithintegratedcontrolAgriculturalcontrolCentralizedburial預(yù)防為主綜合防治物理防治糖酒醋液---趨化性每3~5株樹掛一個(gè)罐。從5月下旬開始掛罐到7月上旬結(jié)束，每5-7天更換一次藥液。PreventionfirstwithintegratedcontrolPhysicalcontrolSugar,wineandvinegarliquid-chemotaxisHangacanforevery3-5trees.Replacetheliquidmedicineevery5-7daysfromlateMaytoearlyJuly.預(yù)防為主綜合防治物理防治誘蠅球誘蠅球外型模仿柑橘，同時(shí)在里面加入了性誘劑，可以吸引大量成蟲。PreventionfirstwithintegratedcontrolPhysicalcontrolTrapballofTetradacuscitri(Chen)Theshapeofsuchtrapballimitatescitrus,andasexattractantisaddedtoit,whichcanattractagreatnumberofimagoes.預(yù)防為主綜合防治化學(xué)防治1.地面噴藥滅蛹和初出土成蟲。2.樹冠噴藥殺滅產(chǎn)卵前的成蟲。Preventionfirstwithintegra