湖北省武漢市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省武漢市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分：聽力（略）第二部分：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇（每題1分，共10分）1.HaveyouseenmyThinkandStepStepUP?I______themsince7:30a.m.A.havebeenlookingfor B.hadbeenlookingforC.havelookedafter D.hadlookedafter【答案】A【詳析】考查現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：你看見我的Think和StepStepUP了嗎？我從早上7:30就一直在找它們。lookfor(尋找)，lookafter(照顧)，根據(jù)句意，此處表示從過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并有可能還會(huì)持續(xù)下去，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選A。2.IfithadnotbeenforthehelpfromtheStudents’Union,theWFLS2024NewYearParty______sosmoothly.A.shouldn’tgo B.wouldgo C.wouldn’thavegone D.went【答案】C【詳析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果沒有學(xué)生會(huì)的幫助，WFLS2024新年派對(duì)就不會(huì)如此順利。If引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句，根據(jù)句中hadnotbeen可知，句子描述過去的情況，且結(jié)合語意，實(shí)際上有學(xué)生會(huì)的幫助，新年派對(duì)很順利，句子表示與過去的事實(shí)相反，使用虛擬語氣，主句謂語使用wouldhavedone結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C。3.—Couldyoumeetmeattheairport?—I’dliketo,butI’mafraidIaveryimportantmeetingwhenyoureturn.A.amattending B.wasattendingC.willbeattending D.willhaveattended【答案】C【詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——你能來機(jī)場(chǎng)接我嗎？——我想去，但恐怕當(dāng)你回來時(shí)我正在開會(huì)。分析可知，此處指我在開會(huì)的動(dòng)作和你回來的時(shí)間為同一時(shí)間，句式：bedoing...when...“當(dāng)做……時(shí)正在做……”，結(jié)合句中“whenyoureturn”，所以空白處用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)。4.Hurryup!Theconcertwillbeginathalfpasteight.Theperformers_________halfanhourwhenyouarrive.A.willbeplaying B.willhaveplayedC.areplaying D.haveplayed【答案】B【詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：快點(diǎn)！音樂會(huì)將在八點(diǎn)半開始。當(dāng)你到達(dá)時(shí)，表演者將已經(jīng)演奏半小時(shí)了。將來完成時(shí)表示將來某一時(shí)刻或?qū)淼牧硪粋€(gè)動(dòng)作之前，已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是完成，故選B。5.Hisfacialexpressionsuggestedthathe______veryimpatient,whichwaswhyImadeasuggestionthathe_______outtotakeinsomefreshair.A.shouldbe/went B.was/wentC.were/shouldgo D.was/go【答案】D【詳析】考查一般過去時(shí)和虛擬語氣。句意：他的面部表情表明他很不耐煩，這就是為什么我建議他出去呼吸一些新鮮空氣。分析句子可知，第一空前的suggested作“暗示；表明”講，后面的從句中不用虛擬語氣，結(jié)合句子時(shí)態(tài)可知為一般過去時(shí)；第二空前的suggested作“建議”講，后面的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，即should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。故選D項(xiàng)。6.Iftheyearlierthanexpected,theyherenow.A.hadstarted;wouldbe B.started;mightbeC.hadstarted;wouldhavebeen D.willstart;mighthavebeen【答案】A【詳析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果他們比預(yù)期早出發(fā)，他們現(xiàn)在就在這里。這是一個(gè)混合虛擬語氣的句子，從句是對(duì)過去的假設(shè)，故要用haddone；主句中有now，是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)，故要用would/could/mightdo。故選A。7.Youdidn’ttakehisadvice.________hisadvice,you________suchamistake.A.Wereyoutotake;shouldn’thavemadeB.Ifyouhadtaken;wouldmakeC.Hadyoutaken;wouldn’thavemadeD.Haveyoutaken;won’thavemade【答案】C【詳析】考查與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。句意：你沒有采納他的建議。要是你采納了的話，你就不會(huì)犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤了。根據(jù)“Youdidn’ttakehisadvice”，可知本句是與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。表示與過去的事實(shí)相反的結(jié)構(gòu)為“If+主語+haddone，主語+wouldhavedone”。若將if省略，則助動(dòng)詞had提到主語之前。故選C項(xiàng)。8.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders__consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.A.where B.whenC.who D.which【答案】A【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：在本章的后面，我們將向讀者介紹消費(fèi)者投訴導(dǎo)致法律變化的案例。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是cases，在……情況下應(yīng)用inthis/thatcase,注意介詞不可少，inwhich=“where”，故用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選A。9.IwasborninNewOrleans，Louisiana，acity________namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.A.which B.ofwhich C.that D.whose【答案】D【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：我出生在路易斯安那，新奧爾良，一個(gè)名詞能讓人想到美麗的樹和綠草的城市。分析可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為acity，關(guān)系詞代替它在從句中作定語，修飾名詞name，且構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose。故選D。10.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,________theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A.when B.whereC.that D.which【答案】A【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：在音樂會(huì)兩部分之間有幕間休息，那個(gè)時(shí)候觀眾可以買冰激凌。此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞為interval，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分：閱讀理解（每題2分，共50分）AManyenvironmentalistsandentrepreneursarelookingforideasonhowto“capturegold”―thatis,howtocollectandconvertplasticwasteintonewplasticorfuel.OK,describingplasticwasteaspotential“gold”maybeoverdoingit.Butthecampaignerssaythatpublicizingthenotionthatplasticisworthsomethingmayhelpreducetheamountofwastethatendsupinoceansandthebelliesofseacreatures.Tothatend,theyhavesetupacompetitioninvitingmembersofthepublictosubmitideasonline.OrganizerswilltakethebestonestotheRio+20EarthSummitinRiodeJaneironextmonth,wheretheyareplanningadaylongsideeventcalledPlasticityfocusingonissuesrelatedtoplasticpollution.Theplasticwasteproblemisgainingbroaderattentionasenvironmentalists,scientists,manufacturersandthepublicbecomemoreawareofthesheervolumeofthestuffthatfindsitswayintothesea.Morethan260millionmetrictonsofplasticarenowproducedperyear,accordingtothetradeassociationPlasticsEurope.Themajorityofthatisnotrecycled.Mostofitendsupinlandfill,andasignificantamountendsupaslitteronland,inriversandintheoceans.Technologicaladvanceshavemadeclearthatitispossibletoreusemuchofthisplasticbyturningitintofuelornewproducts.Yetthecompaniesthathavecomeupwithsuchsolutionshavenotachievedtheeconomiesofscalethatwouldallowthemtofunctionprofitably.Insufficientwaste-collectionandrecyclingsystemsinmostcountriesalsostandinthewayof“trashtocash”concept,saidDougWoodring,anenvironmentalentrepreneurinHongKongwhoisamongtheorganizerofthePlasticityforuminRio.Ratherthanbreast-beating,theforumaimstohighlightsomeofthetechnologiesandideasoutthereforcollectionandreuse.Mypersonalfavoritefornowisavacuumcleanerwithplasticpartsmadefromplasticwaste.11.Whatdothecampaignersliketodoexactly?A.Todescribeplasticwasteaspotential“gold”.B.Toinvitemembersofthepublictotheirforum.C.Tocollectideasonhowtorecycleplasticwaste.D.Toholdacompetitiononhowtodealwithenvironmentalpollution.12.Theunderlinedpart“trashtocash”mostprobablymeans“”.A.applyingmoderntechnologytorecyclingsystemsB.collectingsufficientplasticwasteforfutureuseC.establishingmanyenvironmentalbusinessesD.turningplasticwasteintofuelornewproducts13.Accordingtothepassage,thecompaniesthatwanttoreuseplasticwaste.A.havecollectedenoughwastetobeusedB.havenopracticalsolutionsC.haven’treachedprofitablescaleD.lacktechnologicaladvances【答案】11.C12.D13.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述的人們?yōu)榱税阉芰侠兂扇剂匣蛘咝碌漠a(chǎn)品所做的嘗試和努力。【11題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Tothatend,theyhavesetupacompetitioninvitingmembersofthepublictosubmitideasonline.(為此，他們?cè)O(shè)立了一個(gè)競(jìng)賽，邀請(qǐng)公眾在網(wǎng)上提交想法。)”可知，組織者想邀請(qǐng)人們提供如何回收利用塑料垃圾的新方法。故選C項(xiàng)。【12題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第六段“Technologicaladvanceshavemadeclearthatitispossibletoreusemuchofthisplasticbyturningitintofuelornewproducts.(技術(shù)進(jìn)步表明，通過將這種塑料轉(zhuǎn)化為燃料或新產(chǎn)品，可以重新利用其中的大部分。)”可知，技術(shù)進(jìn)步讓塑料垃圾變成燃料變得可能。由此可見“trashtocash”就是指把塑料垃圾變成燃料或者新的產(chǎn)品，創(chuàng)造新的價(jià)值同時(shí)少導(dǎo)致污染。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Yetthecompaniesthathavecomeupwithsuchsolutionshavenotachievedtheeconomiesofscalethatwouldallowthemtofunctionprofitably.(然而，提出此類解決方案的公司并沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)，使其能夠盈利。)”可知，提出這種想法的公司還沒有到達(dá)盈利的規(guī)模。故選C項(xiàng)。BThetankerlayinthebayforfourdays,afewhundredmetersfromtheshore.Inthistidelesswatershelayasstillandsecureasiffastenedtoawall.Inaway,shewas,forthesandybottomheldherinitsgrip.Twicetheharbormaster’sboatwentouttoher;thesecondtimeitbroughtoffanumberofthecrew.Itneveroccurredtothewatchersonshorethattheshipwasindanger,shelookedsocalmandseaworthy.Fromtimetotimetherewasactivityonboard:whenalandwindroseintheevenings,thetanker’senginescametolife.Thenthevesselshookherselfandstrainedfiercely,butnoneofitdidheranygood.Shejuststayedwhereshewasinthebay.TheJulysunblazeddownonherflatdecks.Occasionallyaseaman,strippedtothewaist,cameoutontothedeckwiththemovementsofsomeoneperformingacomplicateddance,steppinglightly,neverrestingonthatburningmetal.Onceortwicehekeptclosetotheship’srail,withanarmraisedagainstthesunlight,staringatthepeopleonthebeach.Throughoutthedaytheairroseinvisiblewavesfromthetanker’sdecks.Whenaseawindblew,itbroughtwithittheheavysmellofoil.Atnighttheshiplayintotaldarkness.Onthefifthmorningathickbankofseamistfilledthebay.Itseemedthatthetankerhadgotawayinthenightandgoneintoharbor.Butthiswasanillusion.Slowly,asthefogclearedalittle,shecameintoviewagainbutfartherout.Soontwofigurescouldbeseenatworkonherdeck.Therewasthesoundofhammering,ofmetalonmetal,andthenofsomethingheavyfallingontothedeck.Atoncethewatchersonshorewerehalfblindedbyaflashofyellowlightthatenvelopedtheshipfromendtoend.Theexplosionthatfollowedtheflashwaslikeasinglecrackfromagiantwhip.Inamomenttheship,exceptforadarklineatwaterlevel,waslosttosightbehindtheflames.Twobodieswerewashedashoreinthebay.Theywerestrippedtothewaist,bare-footedandblackwithflashburns.Therightarmofonebodywasraisedtotheforeheadasifshieldingtheeyesfromsomebrightlight.Theothermanworeagoldchainroundhisneck.Thetankerburnedforninedaysandnights.14.Whatpreventedthetankerfromsailingintoharbor?A.Shewaswaitingforasuitabletide.B.Mostofhercrewhadgoneashore.C.Shehadrunagroundonsand.D.Herengineshadbrokendown.15.Thepeoplewhowerewatchingfromthebeach_____.A.realizedthetroublebutcoulddonothingaboutitB.offeredtohelpwithoutknowingwhattodoC.didnotknowtherewasanythingwrongwiththeshipD.didnotwanttoputthemselvesinanydanger16.Whydidtheseamankeepmovingabout?A.Becausethedeckwasuncomfortabletostandon.B.Becausethatwasthebestwaytokeephisbalance.C.Becausehewaspracticingsomekindofdance.D.Becausehehadtopretendhewasworking.17.Howdidthemistaffectthesituation?A.Itforcedtheshiptomovefartherfromtheshore.B.Itmadetheseamen’sworkharder.C.Itallowedtheshiptomoveintotheharbor.D.Foratimeithidtheshipfromsight.18.Theexplosionoccurredonthetankerwhen_____.A.shewasunloadingheroilB.thefogbegantoclearC.thetwoseamenwereworkingD.shewasstruckbylightning19.Whathappenedtothetwoseamen?A.Theywereblownofftheshipandswamashore.B.Theywerekilledintheexplosion.C.Theysurvivedbutwerebadlyburned.D.Theydiedshortlyafterreachingthebeach.【答案】14.C15.C16.A17.D18.C19.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。描述了油輪擱淺灣內(nèi)，烈日炙烤下爆炸，兩名船員遇難，燃燒九晝夜方熄?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的句子，“Inthistidelesswatershelayasstillandsecureasiffastenedtoawall.Inaway,shewas,forthesandybottomheldherinitsgrip.（在這片無潮汐的水域中，她像被固定在墻上一樣靜止而安全。在某種程度上，她確實(shí)如此，因?yàn)樯迟|(zhì)的底部緊緊抓住了她。）”可知，油輪無法航行是因?yàn)樗鼣R淺在沙灘上了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的句子，“Itneveroccurredtothewatchersonshorethattheshipwasindanger,shelookedsocalmandseaworthy.（岸上的觀察者從未想到油輪處于危險(xiǎn)之中，因?yàn)樗雌饋砣绱似届o且適航。）”可推斷出，岸上的人們并未意識(shí)到船有問題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的句子，“Occasionallyaseaman,strippedtothewaist,cameoutontothedeckwiththemovementsofsomeoneperformingacomplicateddance,steppinglightly,neverrestingonthatburningmetal.（偶爾，一名赤裸著上身的水手會(huì)出來到甲板上，動(dòng)作就像在跳復(fù)雜的舞蹈，輕盈地移動(dòng)，從不在那灼熱的金屬上停留。）”這表明水手不停地移動(dòng)是因?yàn)榧装逄珶幔y以站立。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的句子，“Onthefifthmorningathickbankofseamistfilledthebay.Itseemedthatthetankerhadgotawayinthenightandgoneintoharbor.Butthiswasanillusion.Slowly,asthefogclearedalittle,shecameintoviewagainbutfartherout.（第五天早晨，濃重的海霧彌漫了海灣。似乎油輪在夜間已經(jīng)離開，進(jìn)入了港口。但這是一種錯(cuò)覺。隨著霧氣稍微消散，油輪再次映入眼簾，但位置更遠(yuǎn)了。）”這表明有一段時(shí)間，霧把船藏了起來。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的句子，“Atoncethewatchersonshorewerehalfblindedbyaflashofyellowlightthatenvelopedtheshipfromendtoend.Theexplosionthatfollowedtheflashwaslikeasinglecrackfromagiantwhip.（岸上的觀察者立即被一道黃色閃光弄得半瞎，這道閃光從頭到尾包圍了油輪。緊隨閃光之后的爆炸聲就像是巨鞭發(fā)出的一聲裂響。）”以及前面提到的“Soontwofigurescouldbeseenatworkonherdeck.Therewasthesoundofhammering,ofmetalonmetal,andthenofsomethingheavyfallingontothedeck.（很快，可以看到兩個(gè)人在甲板上工作。傳來敲打的聲音，金屬撞擊金屬的聲音，然后是重物落在甲板上的聲音。）”可知，爆炸發(fā)生在兩名水手在工作時(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的句子，“Twobodieswerewashedashoreinthebay.Theywerestrippedtothewaist,bare-footedandblackwithflashburns.（兩具尸體被沖到了海灣的岸邊。他們赤裸著上身，赤腳，全身因燒傷而變黑。）”這表明這兩名水手在爆炸中喪生。故選B項(xiàng)。C(1)Travelingthroughthecountryacoupleofweeksagoonbusiness,IwaslisteningtothetalkofthelateUKwriterDouglasAdams’masterworkTheHitchhiker’sGuidetotheGalaxyontheradioandthought-Iknow,I’llpickupthenexthitchhikersIseeandaskthemwhatthestateofrealhitchingistodayinBritain.(2)Idroveanddroveonmainroadsandsideroadsforthenextfewdaysandneversawasingleone.(3)WhenIwasinmyteensandtwenties,hitchhikingwasamainformoflong-distancetransport.ThekindnessorcuriosityofstrangerstookmealloverEurope,NorthAmerica,AsiaandsouthernAfrica.Someofthelift-giversbecamefriends,manyprovidedhospitalityontheroad.(4)Notonlydidyoufindoutmuchmoreaboutacountrythanwhentravelingbytrainorplane,buttherewasthatelementofexcitementaboutwhereyouwouldfinishupthatnight.HitchhikingfeaturedimportantlyinWesternculture.Ithasbooksandsongsaboutit.Sowhathashappenedtoit?(5)Afewyearsago,Iwasaskedthesamequestionabouthitchinginacolumnofanewspaper.Hundredsofpeoplefromallovertheworldrespondedwiththeirviewonthestateofhitchhiking.(6)RuralIrelandwasrecommendedasafriendlyplaceforhitching,aswasQuebec,Canada—“ifyoudon’tmindbeingcriticizedfornotspeakingFrench”.(7)Butwhilehitchhikingwasclearlystillaliveandwellinsomeplaces,thegeneralfeelingwasthatthroughoutmuchofthewestitwasdoomed.(8)Withsomuchnewsaboutcrimeinthemedia,peopleassumedthatanyoneontheopenroadwithoutthemoneyforevenabusticketmustpresentadanger.Butdoweneedtobesowarybothtohitchandtogivealift?(9)InPolandinthe1960s,accordingtoaPolishwomanwhoe-mailedme,“theauthoritiesintroducedtheHitchhiker’sBooklet.Thebookletcontainedcouponsfordrivers,soeachtimeadriverpickedsomebody,heorshereceivedacoupon.Attheendoftheseason,driverswhohadpickedupthemosthikerswererewardedwithvariousprizes.Everyonewashitchhikingthen.”(10)Surelythisisagoodideaforsociety.Hitchhikingwouldincreaserespectbybreakingdownbarriersbetweenstrangers.Itwouldhelpfightglobalwarmingbycuttingdownonfuelconsumptionashitchhikerwouldbeusingexistingfuels.Itwouldalsoimproveeducationalstandardsbydeliveringinstantlessonsingeography,history,politicsandsociology.(11)AcenturybeforeDouglasAdamswrotehisHitchhiker’sGuide,anotheradventurestorywriter,RobertLouisStevenson,gaveuswhatshouldbethehitchhiker’smotto:“Totravelhopefullyisabetterthingthantoarrive.”Whatbettertimethanputtingaholidayweekendintopractice.Eitherputittothetestyourself,orhelpoutsomeonewhoistryingtotravelhopefullywithhisthumboutstretched.20.Inwhichparagraph(s)doesthewritercommentonhisexperienceofhitchhiking?A.3and4 B.3 C.4and5 D.421.Accordingtothepublic’sresponsestoanewspapercolumn,______.A.HitchhikingisstillpopularinPoland.B.Hitchhikingispopularthroughoutthewest.C.HitchhikingispopularonlyinNorthAmerica.D.Hitchhikingispopularinsomepartsoftheworld.22.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsthepracticeinPoland?A.Critical. B.Stronglyfavourable. C.Somewhatfavourable. D.Unclear.23.ThewriterhasmentionedallthefollowingbenefitsofhitchhikingEXCEPT.A.Increasingone’sconfidenceinstrangersB.PromotingmutualrespectbetweenstrangersC.Enrichingone’sknowledgeD.Protectingenvironment【答案】20.A21.D22.B23.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過自己的經(jīng)歷講述現(xiàn)在搭便車的現(xiàn)狀以及自己的感受?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“WhenIwasinmyteensandtwenties,hitchhikingwasamainformoflong-distancetransport.ThekindnessorcuriosityofstrangerstookmealloverEurope,NorthAmerica,AsiaandsouthernAfrica.Someofthelift-giversbecamefriends,manyprovidedhospitalityontheroad.(在我十幾、二十多歲的時(shí)候，搭便車是長(zhǎng)途交通的主要方式。陌生人的善良和好奇讓我走遍了歐洲、北美、亞洲和非洲南部。一些搭車的人成了朋友，許多人在路上提供了款待)”及第四段“Notonlydidyoufindoutmuchmoreaboutacountrythanwhentravelingbytrainorplane,buttherewasthatelementofexcitementaboutwhereyouwouldfinishupthatnight.HitchhikingfeaturedimportantlyinWesternculture.Ithasbooksandsongsaboutit.Sowhathashappenedtoit?(你不僅比坐火車或飛機(jī)旅行更了解一個(gè)國(guó)家，而且對(duì)那天晚上你會(huì)在哪里結(jié)束感到興奮。搭便車在西方文化中占有重要地位。它有關(guān)于它的書籍和歌曲。那么它發(fā)生了什么事呢？)”可知，作者在第三、四段評(píng)論了他搭便車的經(jīng)歷。故選A項(xiàng)。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段“Afewyearsago,Iwasaskedthesamequestionabouthitchinginacolumnofanewspaper.Hundredsofpeoplefromallovertheworldrespondedwiththeirviewonthestateofhitchhiking.(幾年前，在一家報(bào)紙的專欄中，我被問到關(guān)于結(jié)婚的同樣問題。來自世界各地的數(shù)百人回應(yīng)了他們對(duì)搭便車狀況的看法)”以及第七段“Butwhilehitchhikingwasclearlystillaliveandwellinsomeplaces,thegeneralfeelingwasthatthroughoutmuchofthewestitwasdoomed.(但是，盡管搭便車在某些地方顯然還活著，而且很好，但普遍的感覺是，在整個(gè)西方大部分地區(qū)，搭便車注定要失敗)”可知，現(xiàn)在搭便車在世界一些地方還是很受歡迎。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第十段“Surelythisisagoodideaforsociety.(這對(duì)社會(huì)來說無疑是一個(gè)好主意。)”以及第九段波蘭所采取的措施可知，作者是強(qiáng)烈支持波蘭的做法。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第十段“Hitchhikingwouldincreaserespectbybreakingdownbarriersbetweenstrangers.Itwouldhelpfightglobalwarmingbycuttingdownonfuelconsumptionashitchhikerwouldbeusingexistingfuels.Itwouldalsoimproveeducationalstandardsbydeliveringinstantlessonsingeography,history,politicsandsociology.(搭便車可以通過打破陌生人之間的障礙來增加尊重。這將有助于通過減少燃料消耗來對(duì)抗全球變暖，因?yàn)榇畋丬囌邔⑹褂矛F(xiàn)有的燃料。它還將通過提供地理、歷史、政治和社會(huì)學(xué)的即時(shí)課程來提高教育水平。)”以及結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)B、C和D項(xiàng)均提到過并正確，而A項(xiàng)沒有提及。故選A項(xiàng)。DOnemorningafewyearsago,HarvardPresidentNeilRudenstineoverslept.Forthisbusyman,itwasasortofalarm:afteryearsofnon-stophardwork,hemightwearhimselfoutanddieanearlydeath.Onlyafteraweek’sleave—duringwhichhereadnovels,listenedtomusicandwalkedwithhiswifeonabeach—wasRudenstineabletoreturntowork.Inourmodernlife,wehavelosttherhythmbetweenactionandrest.Amazingly,withinthisworldthereisauniversalbutsillysaying:“Iamsobusy.”Wesaythistooneanotherasifourtirelesseffortswereatalentbynatureandanabilitytosuccessfullydealwithstress.Thebusierweare,themoreimportantweseemtoourselvesand,weimagine,toothers.Tobeunavailabletoourfriendsandfamily,andtobeunabletofindtimetorelax——thishasbecomethemodelofasuccessfullife.Becausewedonotrest,weloseourway.Wemisstheguidetellinguswheretogo,thefoodprovidingiswithstrength,thequietgivinguswisdom.Howhaveweallowedthistohappen?Ibelieveitisthis:wehaveforgottentheSabbath,thedayoftheweek—forfollowersofsomereligions—forrestandpraying.Itisadaywhenwearenotsupposedtowork,atimewhenwedevoteourselvestoenjoyingandcelebratingwhatisbeautiful.Itisagoodtimetoblessourchildrenandlovedones,givethanks,sharemeals,walkandsleep.Itisatimeforustotakearest,toputourworkaside,trustingthattherearelargerforcesatworktakingcareoftheworld.Restissspiritualandbiologicalneed;however,inourstrongambitiontobesuccessfulandcareforourmanyresponsibilities,wemayfeelterriblyguiltywhenwetaketimetorest.TheSabbathgivesuspermissiontostopwork.Infact,“RemembertheSabbath”ismorethansimplypermissiontorest;itisaruletoobeyandaprincipletofollow.24.AccordingtoParagraph4,asuccessfulpersonisonewhoisbelievedto_______.A.beabletoworkwithoutstressB.bemoretalentedthanotherpeopleC.bemoreimportantthananyoneelseD.bebusyingworkingwithouttimetorest25.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheSabbathgivesuspermissiontorest.B.Weshouldbalanceworkwithrest.C.Itissillytosay“Iambusy.”D.Weshouldbeavailabletoourfamilyandfriends.【答案】24.D25.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。本文通過哈佛教授多年無休止的工作，最后由于身體不適，不得不休息一段時(shí)間再回去工作這件事，來進(jìn)一步說明工作是必須的，但是休息也是精神和生理的需要，我們要做好工作和休息的平衡?！?4題詳析】判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段“Thebusierweare,themoreimportantweseemtoourselvesand,weimagine,toothers.Tobeunavailabletoourfriendsandfamily,andtobeunabletofindtimetorelax——thishasbecomethemodelofasuccessfullife.(我們?cè)矫?，?duì)自己來說就越重要，我們想象，對(duì)別人來說也就越重要。無法與朋友和家人相處，找不到時(shí)間放松——這已成為成功生活的典范。)”可推知，一個(gè)成功的人就是忙于工作，沒時(shí)間休息的人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。由文章最后一段“Restissspiritualandbiologicalneed;however,inourstrongambitiontobesuccessfulandcareforourmanyresponsibilities,wemayfeelterriblyguiltywhenwetaketimetorest.TheSabbathgivesuspermissiontostopwork.Infact,‘RemembertheSabbath’ismorethansimplypermissiontorest;itisaruletoobeyandaprincipletofollow.(休息是人的精神和生理需要；然而，在我們渴望成功和關(guān)心我們的許多責(zé)任的強(qiáng)烈愿望中，當(dāng)我們花時(shí)間休息時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)感到非常內(nèi)疚。安息日允許我們停止工作。事實(shí)上，‘記住安息日’不僅僅是允許休息；這是一條需要遵守的規(guī)則，也是一條需要遵循的原則。)”以及上文可知，本文通過哈佛教授多年無休止的工作，最后由于身體不適，不得不休息一段時(shí)間再回去工作這件事，來進(jìn)一步說明工作是必須的，但是休息也是精神和生理的需要，我們要做好工作和休息的平衡，所以B項(xiàng)Weshouldbalanceworkwithrest.(我們應(yīng)該平衡工作和休息。)符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。EHaveyouevergonetoworktofindthatoneofyourco-workersiscoughingandsneezingalldaylong?Youdoyourbesttokeepasafedistanceandwonder:Whydidheorshecometoworkwhentheywereill?TherealityformanyAmericansisthattheydonothaveenoughpaidsicktimeeachyeartoaffordthemtheluxuryofstayinghomebecausetheydon’tfeelwell.Thisproblemdoesn’tjustaffecttheworkingemployeeswhoaresick,though.InanarticlebyJamesWarrenfor

BloombergBusinessWeek,asecond-gradeschoolteacher,StilliKlikizossharesaboutthesickchildrenthatmuststayinschoolalldaylongbecausetheirparentscan’tgetoffworktocomeandgetthem.Inthepastschoolyear,shehadseveralchildrenwhowereunabletobepickedupatschoolwhowerelaterdiagnosedwithH1N1.ThereisamovementcalledtheHealthyFamiliesActinCongressthatwouldchangethissituationformanyAmericans.TheHealthyFamilyActwouldrequireemployerswith15ormoreemployeestoprovide7paidsickdaysayearfortheirworkers.Thesedayscouldbeusednotonlyfordayswhentheworkerissick,butthetimecanalsobeusedwhencaringforothers,orgoingtoroutinedoctor’sappointments.ThosewhoareagainsttheActarguethatmanybusinessesarestrugglingtomakeendsmeetowingtorecession,andpointoutthatthisisthewrongtimetoforceemployerstoaddanadditionalexpense.ThosewhosupporttheHealthyFamiliesActsaythatournationcan’taffordtonottakethesemeasures.Whenanindividualgoestoworksick,theyarepossiblyinfectingtheirco-workers,clientsandcustomers.AccordingtoareportbyKatieCouriconthe

CBSeveningnews,threefourthsoflowwageearners

getdocked

whentheyaresick.Thoseindividualsincludedaycareworkersandrestaurantworkers,whosehealthcanaffectthehealthofmany.26.WhydomanyAmericansstillcometoworkwhentheyaresick?A.Theyworkinhighspirits.B.Thecostofstayinghomeisgreat.C.Thecostofmedicaltreatmentishigh.D.Theyoftenignoretheillnessifnotserious.27.Inthearticlementionedinthispassage,JamesWarrenintendstosay______.A.parentsshouldn’tleavethesickchildrenatschoolB.childrenneedmorethoughtfulandconsideratecareC.adults’nothavingenoughpaidsicktimemaybebadforchildrenD.teachersareresponsiblefortakinggoodcareofchildrenatschool28.AccordingtotheHealthyFamiliesAct,______.A.theemployeescoulddemandtheircompaniespayfortheirmedicalbillsB.theemployeescanusethepaidsickdaystotakecareoftheirsickchildrenC.theemployeescanusethepaidsickdaystotakeatripsoastorelaxthemselves.D.alltheemployersarerequiredtoprovide7paidsickdaysayearfortheirworkers29.WhyaresomepeopleagainsttheHealthyFamiliesAct?A.Thenationcan’taffordtodoastheActrequires.B.Companieshavenosuchdutytoprovidepaidsicktime.C.Usuallyone’sillnesswon’tinfecthisco-workersandcustomers.D.Manycompanies’financialsituationsarenotsogoodduetotherecession.30.Theterm“getdocked”(Para6)probablymeans“______”.A.befired B.getpaid C.savesomemoney D.losepartofwages【答案】26.B27.C28.B29.D30.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在美國(guó)許多人生病仍然在工作，這是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有足夠的帶薪病假時(shí)間來承擔(dān)奢侈品或呆在家里。為了解決此問題，國(guó)會(huì)頒發(fā)了《健康家庭法案》，該法案要求擁有15名或以上員工的雇主每年為其員工提供7天帶薪病假。這些假期不僅可以用于員工生病的日子，還可以用于照顧他人或去常規(guī)醫(yī)生處就診?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“TherealityformanyAmericansisthattheydonothaveenoughpaidsicktimeeachyeartoaffordthemtheluxuryofstayinghomebecausetheydon'tfeelwell”（對(duì)許多美國(guó)人而言，現(xiàn)實(shí)情況是，他們每年沒有足夠的帶薪病假，無法享受因身體不適而呆在家里的奢侈。）可知，許多美國(guó)人在生病的時(shí)候仍然來上班是因?yàn)榇粼诩依锏拇鷥r(jià)是巨大的，故選B?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisproblemdoesn’tjustaffecttheworkingemployeeswhoaresick,though.InanarticlebyJamesWarrenfor

BloombergBusinessWeek,asecond-gradeschoolteacher,StilliKlikizossharesaboutthesickchildrenthatmuststayinschoolalldaylongbecausetheirparentscan’tgetoffworktocomeandgetthem.Inthepastschoolyear,shehadseveralchildrenwhowereunabletobepickedupatschoolwhowerelaterdiagnosedwithH1N1.”（不過，這個(gè)問題不僅僅影響生病的在職員工。在詹姆斯·沃倫為《彭博商業(yè)周刊》撰寫的一篇文章中，二年級(jí)教師斯蒂利·克利齊佐斯分享了生病的孩子必須整天待在學(xué)校，因?yàn)樗麄兊母改笩o法下班來接他們。在過去的學(xué)年里，她有幾個(gè)孩子無法被接到學(xué)校，后來被診斷出患有H1N1。）可知，在這篇文章中詹姆斯沃倫的意思是說，成年人沒有足夠的帶薪病假可能對(duì)兒童的發(fā)展有害，故選C。【28題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“TheHealthyFamilyActwouldrequireemployerswith15ormoreemployeestoprovide7paidsickdaysayearfortheirworkers.Thesedayscouldbeusednotonlyfordayswhentheworkerissick,butthetimecanalsobeusedwhencaringforothers,orgoingtoroutinedoctor’sappointments.”（《健康家庭法案》要求擁有15名或以上員工的雇主每年為員工提供7天帶薪病假。這些病假不僅可以用于員工生病時(shí)，還可以用于照顧他人或去醫(yī)院看病。）可知，根據(jù)健康家庭法案，員工可以用帶薪病假來照顧生病的孩子，故選B?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“ThosewhoareagainsttheActarguethatmanybusinessesarestrugglingtomakeendsmeetowingtorecession,andpointoutthatthisisthewrongtimetoforceemployerstoaddanadditionalexpense.”（反對(duì)該法案的人認(rèn)為，許多企業(yè)由于經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退而難以維持收支平衡，并指出現(xiàn)在不是強(qiáng)迫雇主增加額外開支的錯(cuò)誤時(shí)機(jī)。）可知，一些人反對(duì)健康家庭法案是由于經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，許多公司的財(cái)務(wù)狀況不是很好的緣故，故選D。【30題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一句“AccordingtoareportbyKatieCouriconthe

CBSeveningnews,threefourthsoflowwageearners

getdocked whentheyaresick.Thoseindividualsincludedaycareworkersandrestaurantworkers,whosehealthcanaffectthehealthofmany.”（據(jù)凱蒂·庫里克在哥倫比亞廣播公司晚間新聞中報(bào)道，四分之三的低收入者生病時(shí)會(huì)getdocked。這些人包括日托工作者和餐館工作人員，他們的健康狀況會(huì)影響許多人的健康。）可知，低收入者生病時(shí)，仍然工作，因?yàn)樗麄儾还ぷ骶蜁?huì)被扣工資，由此可推知，畫線短語getdocked的意思是“被扣工資”，故選D。七選五Idislikemakingschoollunches.Eachmorning,Iaminahurrybusyslicingcucumbers,washingberries,andfillingwaterbottles,allthewhilefeelingannoyedandevenslightlyangry.Thelunchesaren'tparticularlychallengingtoprepare.Mydaughtersarecontentwiththefoodintheirlunchbox.___31___There'snogoodreasonformyannoyance.Andthenonemorningathoughtsuddenlycameintomymind-Iamsolucky.Withinseconds,thosefourwordsbloomedthroughoutmyawareness.___32___Iamsoluckyt