2022年1月上海市春季高考英語仿真試卷（二）（考試版）

PAGE2/22022年1月全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試上海春考英語仿真模擬試卷（二）ListeningSectionA（第1-10題,每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）SectionADirections:InSectionyouwilltenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyyouaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersondecidewhichisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveA.Alaundrystaffmember. B.Atailorformen'sclothes.C.AtelephoneoperatorD.Amineworker2.A.Driving. B.Reading. C.Shopping. D.Walking.3.A.$15. B.$5. C.$10. D.S20.4.A.Ayellowlight B.Aroadaccident C.Arobbery. D.ATVprogramme.5.A.Therewillbetoomanypeopleattheparty.B.Hefeelssorrythatthewomanisnotcoming.C.Itmakespeoplehappiertohavemoreparties.D.Thewomancanbringherbrothertotheparty.6.A.Thewomancouldusehisruler.B.He'sfasteratdoingcalculations.C.Hewillfinishthemeasurementsoon.D.Thewoman’srulerisbetterthanhis.7.A.Thefinalbeginsnextweek.B.Themanshouldcheckwithhisdoctoragain.C.Shewantsthemantoattendthefinalwithher.D.Shehopesthemanwillbeabletoplayinthefinal.8.A.He'sangry. B.Hefeelssick.C.Hegetsonwellwithothers. D.Hepreferstostudyalone.9.A.Itprovidesreadingmaterialsforwaitingpeople.B.Hehadtowaitalongtimeforaseatthere.C.Theseatsusedthereareuncomfortable.D.Hewasn'tabletofindaseatthere.10.A.Gototheballetlaterintheyear.B.Takeballetlessonswithhissister.C.Findascheduleoffutureperformances.D.Getaticketfromhissister.SectionBDirections:InSectionB.youwillheartwoshortpassagesseveralandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Colleagueshaveface-to-faceconversationwithhim.Colleaguesinthesameofficeemailhimatwork.HehastouseLinkedInforworkandjobs.Hefee!isolatedfromhisfamily.12.A.Timetravel. B.3Dprinters. C.Internetofthings.D.Fitness13.A.Curious. B.Doubtful. C.Uninterested.D.ConfidentQuestions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Asocialtrend.B.Awriter. C.Ashoecompany.D.AbookA.Newstylesofshoesweredeveloped.B.Designersstartedwearingtheshoes.C.Thecompanymadeeffortstoadvertiseitsshoes.D.Manhattanclubspromotedtheshoestothecustomer.16.A.Theywillspreadmuchfaster.B.Advertisingcampaignsstopped.C.Onlyafewpeoplewillnoticethem.D.Word-of-mouthmarketingbegantowork.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Classmates.B.Roommates.C.Cousins. D.Colleagues.18.A.Hecouldn'tdecideonatopicforhispaper.B.Hehadn'theardfromhisfamilyinawhile.C.HethoughtthewomanhadbeenillD.Hethoughthispaperwaslate.19.A.Toclassifydifferentkindsofhoney.B.Tofindtheirwaybackhome.C.Tolocatefavouriteplants.D.Toidentifyrelatives.20.A.Writeapaper. B.Visithisparents.C.Planafamilyreunion. D.Observebeesmthelab.Grammar（每題1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AbdulrazakGurnahisAwardedthe2021NobelPrizeinLiteratureAbdulrazakGurnah,72,wonthe2021NobelPrizeinLiterature.NewsoftheawardwasgreetedwithexcitementinZanzibar.TheTanzanianwriter,thefirstBlackwinnersinceToniMorrison,___21___(honor)forhis“uncompromisingandcompassionatepenetrationoftheeffectsofcolonialism.”GrowingupinZanzibar,anarchipelagooffthecoastofTanzania,AbdulrazakGurnahneverconsideredthepossibility___22___hemightonedaybeawriter.“Itneveroccurredtome,”hesaidinaninterview.“Itwasn’tsomethingyoucouldsayasyouweregrowingup,‘Iwanttobeawriter.’”Heassumedthathewouldbecome“somethinguseful,likeanengineer.”GurnahwasborninTanzaniain1948butmovedtoEnglandatayoungage.Hehaswritten10novels,including"MemoryofDeparture,"and"PilgrimsWay",many___23_________focusontherefugeeexperience.His1994novel"Paradise,"whichtoldthestoryofaboygrowingupinTanzaniaintheearly20thcentury,wontheBookerPrizeandmarkedhisbreakthroughasanovelist.Hisnovel"Paradise"issetincolonialEastAfricaduringtheFirstWorldWar.Manyofhisworksexplore___24___hehascalled"oneofthestoriesofourtimes,"thedeepinfluenceofmigrationboth___25___peopleandtheplacestheymaketheirnewhomes.Hehassaidhe"stumbled（跌跌撞撞）into"writingafter___26___(arrive)inEnglandasawayofexploringtheemigrantexperience--boththelossandliberation.Gurnah'snativelanguageisSwahili,___27___hewritesinEnglish.HeisonlythesixthAfrica-bornwritertobeawardedtheNobelforliterature.___28___itwasfoundedin1901,ithasmostlybeenawardedtoEuropeanandNorthAmericanwriters.AndersOlssonischairmanoftheNobelCommitteeforliterature.HecalledGurnah"oneoftheworld's___29___(outstanding)post-colonialwriters."HesaiditwassignificantthatGurnah'srootsareinZanzibar,___30___placethat"was

cosmopolitanlongbeforeglobalization..."SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouIt'stheage-oldquestionaskedbyparents:Whydokidsneverseemtogettired?Finally,sciencehasananswer.Accordingtoanewstudy,mostchildrenhaveametabolicrate__31__tothatofawell-trainedenduranceathlete,andtheycanrecoverfromfatigueevenfaster.Forthestudy,publishedin

FrontiersinPhysiology,researcherscomparedthemetabolicandfatigueratesofthreegroupsofparticipants:8-to10-year-oldboys,__32__adults,andnationally-rankedenduranceathleteswhocompeteintriathlons,marathonsandcycling.Researcherscomparedtheenergyoutputand__33__ratesfollowingexerciseby__34__heartrates,oxygenlevels,andlactate-removallevelstoseehowquicklytheparticipantsrecovered.Children__35__adultsinallofthetests.Stepforstep,researchersfoundthatthekidsburnedmoreenergybecausetheyhadtotakemorestepstocoveracertaindistancethantheiradultpeers.Theyalsotendedtouseless__36__movementstocompleteeachtask.Butthestudyfoundthatthechildrenovercametheseobstacleswith__37__fatigue-resistantmusclesthatallowedthemtorecoverquicklyfromhigh-intensityexercise.That'sright,fatigue-resistantmuscles.Theseresultscomeasno__38__toanyparentwhohasever__39__onthecouchaftertryingtokeepupwithkidsattheplayground.There'sareasonwhyparentsoftenjokeabout__40__theirkids'energyandsellingittomakemillions.Andnow,itseems,sciencefinallyagrees.efficientB.collapsedC.similarD.recoveryE.seeminglyF.surprisebottlingH.unathleticI.randomlyJ.monitoringK.outperformedReadingComprehension(41–55題，每題1分；56–70題，每題2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.Thefactthatpeoplearenolongertiedtospecificplacesforfunctionssuchasstudyingorlearning,saysWilliamMitchell,aprofessorofarchitectureandcomputerscienceatMIT,meansthatthereis“ahugedropindemandfortraditional,private,enclosedspaces”suchasofficesorclassrooms,andsimultaneously“ahugeriseindemandforsemi-publicspacesthatcanbeinformallyappropriatedtoinnovativeworkspaces”.Thisshift,hethinks,amountstothebiggestchangein___41___inthiscentury.Inthe20thcenturyarchitecturewasabout___42___structures—officesforworking,cafeteriasforeating,andsoforth.Thiswasnecessarybecauseworkersneededtobenearthingssuchaslandlinephones,faxmachinesandfilingcabinets.Thenewarchitecture,saysMr.Mitchell,will“makespacesintentionally___43___”.Architectsarethinkingaboutlight,air,treesandgardens,allintheserviceofhumanconnections.Buildingswillhavemuchmore___44___shapesthanbefore.___45___,peopleworkingonlaptopsfinditcomfortingtohavetheirbackstoawall,sohybridspacesmaybecomecurvier,withmorenooks(角落，凹處),inordertomaximizethesurfaceareaoftheirinnerwalls.This“___46___”iswhatseparatessuccessfulspacesandcitiesfromunsuccessfulones,saysAnthonyTownsend,anurbanplannerattheInstitutefortheFuture,athink-tank.Almostanypublicspacecan___47___someofthesefeatures.Forexample,anot-for-profitorganizationinNewYorkhas___48___BryantPark,aonce-abandonedbutcharminggardeninfrontofthecity’spubliclibrary,intoahybridspacepopularwithofficeworkers.Thepark’smanagersnoticedthatalotofvisitorswereusingmobilephonesandlaptopsinthepark,sotheyinstalledWi-Fiandaddedsomechairswithfold-ablelecturedesks.Theideawasnottodistractpeoplefromtheflowersbuttoletthem___49___theirlittlebitofthepark.Theacademicnameforsuchspacesis“thirdplaces”,atermoriginallycoinedbythesociologistRayOldenburginhis1989book,“TheGreat,GoodPlace”.Atthetime,longbeforemobiletechnologiesbecamewidespread,Mr.Oldenburgwantedto___50___betweenthesociologicalfunctionsofpeople’sfirstplaces(theirhomes),theirsecondplaces(offices)andthepublicspacesthat___51___safe,neutralandinformalmeetingpoints.AsMr.Oldenburgsawit,agoodthirdplacemakesadmissionfreeorcheap—thepriceofacupofcoffee,say—offerscreaturecomforts,iswithinwalkingdistanceforaparticularneighborhoodanddrawsagroupof___52___.Asmore___63___placespopupandspread,theyalsochangeentirecities.Justasbuildingsduringthe20thcenturywerespecializedby___54___,townswereaswell,saysMr.Mitchell.Suburbswereforliving,downtownsfor___55___andotherareasforplaying.Buturbannomadismmakesdistricts,likebuildings,multifunctional.Partsoftownthatweremonocultures,hesays,graduallybecome“fine-grainedmixed-useneighborhoods”moresimilarinhumantermstopre-industrialvillagesthantomodernsuburbs.41.A.development B.architecture C.technology D.purpose42A.specialized B.detailed C.outstanding D.unusual43.A.attractive B.cooperative C.multifunctional D.agreeable44.A.varied B.dynamic C.artificial D.patterned45.A.Inaddition B.Forinstance C.Onthecontrary D.Meanwhile46.A.orientation B.division C.flexibility D.simplicity47.A.justify B.convert C.ruin D.assume48.A.manufactured B.transformed C.introduced D.expanded49.A.customize B.overlook C.supervise D.review50.A.judge B.balance C.choose D.distinguish51.A.serveas B.originatefrom C.differfrom D.integrateinto52.A.applicants B.architects C.competitors D.regulars53.A.leisure B.public C.appealing D.third54.A.function B.concept C.organization D.block55.A.entertaining B.working C.socializing D.gatheringSectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)"Everythinghappensforthebest,"mymothersaidwheneverIfaceddisappointment."Ifyoucancarryon,onedaysomethinggoodwillhappen.Andyou'llrealizethatitwouldn'thavehappenedifnotforthatpreviousdisappointment."Motherwasright,asIdiscoveredaftergraduatingfromcollegein1932.Ihaddecidedtotryforajobinradio,thenworkmywayuptosportsannouncer.Ihitchhiked（搭便車）toChicagoandknockedonthedoorofeverystation-andgotturneddowneverytime.Inonestudio,akindladytoldmethatinmostcasesbigstationscouldn'triskhiringinexperiencedperson."Gooutintheremoteareasandfindasmallstationthatwillgiveyouachance,"shesaid.IwentbackhometoDixon,Illinois.Whiletherewasnoradio-announcingjobsinDixon,myfathersaidMontgomeryWardhadopenedastoreandwantedalocalathletetomanageitssportsdepartment.SinceDixonwaswhereIhadplayedhighschoolfootball,Iapplied.Thejobsoundedjustrightforme.ButIwasn'thired.Mydisappointmentmusthaveshown."Everythinghappensforthebest,"Momremindedme.Dadofferedmethecartohuntforjobs.ItriedWOCRadioinDavenport,Iowa.Theprogramdirector,awonderfulScotsmannamedPeterMacArthur,toldmetheyhadalreadyhiredanannouncer.AsIlefthisoffice,myfrustrationboiledover.Iaskedaloud,"Howcanafellowgettobeasportannouncerifhecan'tgetajobinaradiostation?"IwaswaitingfortheelevatorwhenIheardMacArthurcalling,"Whatwasthatyousaidaboutsports?Doyouknowanythingaboutfootball?"Thenhestoodmebeforeamicrophoneandaskedmetobroadcastanimaginarygame.Theprecedingautumn,myteamhadwonagameinthelast20secondswitha65-yardrun.Idida15-minuteboosttothatplay,andPetertoldmeIwouldbebroadcastingSaturday’sgame!Onmywayhome,asIhavemanytimessince,Ithoughtofmymother'swords:"Ifyoucarryon,onedaysomethinggoodwillhappen.Somethingwouldn'thavehappenedifnotforthatpreviousdisappointment".56.Thereasonwhytheauthorwasn’thiredinChicagowasprobablythat____A.heshowednoconfidenceatthestationsB.therewerenojobavailableatthestationsC.hehadnoexperienceinradiobroadcastingD.thereweretoomanypeoplecompetingwithhim57.Welearnfromthepassagethat____A.thefrustrationoftheauthorpreventedhimfromperformingwellatWOCRadioB.bothoftheauthor’sparentsshowedsupportwhenhewastryingtosearchforajobC.PeterMacArthurrecognizetheauthor’stalentinbroadcastingafterreadinghisresume.D.theauthorlostallhishopeandcouragewhenhewasturneddownbyMontgomeryWard58.Whatwasmostlikelytheauthor’sattitudetowardsPeterMacArthur？A.HewasworriedthatPeterwouldn’tbelieveinhisabilityB.HewasafraidthathisloudinnerclamwouldannoyPeterC.HewasangrythatPeterdidn’tofferhimasatisfyingpotentialD.HewasgratefulthatPetercouldnoticehisbroadcastingpotential59.Whatlessoncanyoulearnfromtheauthor’sexperienceinthepassage?A.WellbegunishalfdoneB.PreventionisbetterthancureC.Nocross,nocrownD.Romewasnotbuiltinaday(B)Supposeyou’reinarush,feelingtired,notpayingattentiontoyourscreen,andyousendanemailthatcouldgetyouintrouble.Realizationwillprobablysetinsecondsafteryou’veclicked“send”.Youfreezeinhorrorsandburnwithshame.Whattodo?Herearefourcommonemailaccidents,andhowtorecover.Clicking“send”toosoonDon’twasteyourtimetryingtofindoutifthereceivershasreadityet.Writeanotheremailasswiftlyasyoucanandsenditwithabriefexplainingthatthisisthecorrectversionandthepreviousversionshouldbeignored.WritingthewrongtimeThesooneryounotice,thebetter.Respondquicklyandbriefly,apologizingforyourmistake.Keepthetonemeasured:don’thandleittoolightly,aspeoplecanbeoffended,especiallyifyourerrorsuggestsamisunderstandingoftheirculture(i.e.incorrectorderingofChinesenames).Clicking“replyall”unintentionallyYouaccidentallyrevealtoentirecompanywhatmenuchoicesyouwouldpreferatthestaffChristmasdinner,orwhatholidayyou’dliketotake.Inthisinstance,thebestsolutionistosendaquick,light-heartedapologytoexplainyourawkwardness.Butitcanquicklyrisetosomethingworse,wheneveryonestartshitting“replyall”tojoininalongandunpleasantconversation.Inthisinstance,stepawayfromyourkeyboardtoalloweveryonetocalmdown.SendinganoffensivemessagetoitssubjectThemostawkwardemailmistakeisusuallycommittedinanger.Youwriteanunkindmessageaboutsomeone,intendingtosendittoafriend,butaccidentallysendittothepersonyou’rediscussing.Inthatcase,asktospeakinpersonassoonaspossibleandsaysorry.Explainyourfrustrationscalmlyandsensibly—seeitasanopportunitytoclearupanydifficultiesyoumayhavewiththisperson.60.Ifyouhavewrittenthewrongnameinanemail,itisbestto_______.A.apologizeinaseriousmannerB.tellthereceivertoignoretheerrorC.learntowritethenamecorrectlyD.sendashortnoticetoeveryone61.Whatshouldyoudowhenanunpleasantconversationisstartedbyyour“replyall”email?A.Tryofferingotherchoices.B.Avoidfurtherinvolvement.C.Meetotherstaffmembers.D.Makealight-heartedapology.62.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Definingemailerrors.B.Reducingemailmistakes.C.Handlingemailaccidents.D.Improvingemailwriting.(C)Twomodelshavespokenoutaboutthepressurestheyfacedtostayskinny,shiningalightonthecontinuedbodyimageissuesfacedbythefashionindustry.ErinHeatherton,aformerVictoria’sSecretmodel,hasrevealedthatshewaspressurizedtoloseweightbythefashionhouse.ModelRosieNelson,whohadasimilarexperiencetoHeatherton,addsthattheissueismademoreproblematicbythedisconnectbetweenwhatthepublicthinkmodelinginvolvesandtherealityofit.“Peoplethinkit’sreallyglamorousandluxurious,withloadsoffreebiesandgettingpaidmillions.That’smotthecase.There’sanunderlyingpressuretostaythinandthethoughtthatyouwillberejectedifyourhipsaretoobig.”Shesaidtheindustryseesmodelsas“interchangeablecoathangers”,writingthatthekeytosuccessistheabilitytostayasize0-2throughoutyourcareer.“Youngmodelslearnaboutitthehardway,”shewrote.“Ifanagencycatchesthesmallestweightgain,youaremeasured,toldtoloseweightimmediatelyandreprimanded.”CarynFranklin,formerco-editorofI-DmagazineandcurrentlyprofessorofDiversityatKingstonUniversity,saysthatthereisacultureofdenialaroundtheissuemeaningthatthefashionindustrydoesnotseewhateffectitishavinginthewiderworld.“Womenarewomenwhohavebeenengagingwithfashionsincetheyweresevenoreightyearsoldhavebeentaughttoseethemselvesasanexterior.”Franklinaddsthat30yearsago,modelswereshorterandbodiesweremorerealisticallyproportioned.“Nowtheindustrystandardheightis5ft11inbutthemeasurementsthatdesignersmaketotheirsampleshaven’tchanged.Thetallermodelthereforeisunderpressuretoreduceherbodyaccordingly.”ThetestimonyofHeathertonandNelsoncomesdaysafterabillinCalifornia,aimedatreducingeatingdisordersamongmodels,cleareditsfirstlegalhurdle.Thebill,whichrequiresthestatetodevelophealthstandardsformodelsinthestate,passedtheAssemblyLabourandEmploymentCommittee.“Thegoalofthebillisnotonlytoprotectthehealthoftheworkersthemselves,butalsotohelpyoungpeopletoemulatethemodels,”saidDemocraticpoliticianMarcLevine,whoauthoredit.LastDecember,Francebannedexcessivelythinmodels,partlyasaresponsetothedeathofIsabelleCaro,a28-year-oldmodelwhodiedofaneatingdisorder(anorexia).In2012,Israelpassedalawbanningunderweightmodels,andItalyandSpainhavetakensimilarmeasures.NelsonishopefulthatthroughanewgenerationofdesignerssuchasNasirMazhir,whostreetcastshismodels,therewillbeachange.63.Twomodelsexposesalifestylecharacterizedby[A]anunknownluxury.[B]extrabenefits.[C]anenviableimage.[D]extremestress.64.ItcaninferredfromRosieNelson’sremarksthatmodels[A]areoftentreatedwithgreatseverity.[B]nolongerliveunderpeerpressure.[C]pursueperfectphysicalconditions.[D]areonlytooeagertoloseweight.65.ThebillinCaliforniaismainlyintendedto[A]guidethefollowersoffashions.[B]promotethehealthofmodels.[C]setanexampleforothercountries.[D]establishmoralstandardsformodels.66.FromthetextwelearnthatNasirMazhir[A]isparticularaboutmodels.[B]posesathreattheindustry.[C]wouldadoptnewsamples.[D]isobligedtoabidebylaws.SectionCDirections:thefollowingpassages.ineachblankwithasentenceintheEachsentencebethatsentencesneed.ChinesepaleontologistshaveidentifiedatleasttwonewspeciesofmassivedinosaursthatoncewanderedtheXinjiangUyghurAutonomousRegioninnorthwesternChinasome130millionyearsago.Thenewly-revealedbonesbelongedtoagroupoflong-neckedplant-eatingdinosaursthatincludetitanosaurs,accordingtothestudypublishedThursdayinthepeer-reviewedjournalScientificReports.____67____.AndthenotablespecieslikethePatagotitanmayorumestimatedtobeaslongas37meterslong.ThetwodinosaursrevealedinThursday’sstudyarethefirstoftheirkindofbefoundintheTurpan-HamiBasininXinjiang.TheirdiscoveredaddstotheevidencethattheregionhostedrichbiodiversityduringtheCretaceousperiodthatendedsome66millionyearsago,accordingtotheresearchers.WangXiaolin,thestudy’sleadauthor,toldSixthTonethattheyunearthedthefossilsbetween2008and2016inthevastareasoftheGobiDesertintheTurpan-HamiBasin.____68____.“Therearejustsomanypterosaurfossilsintheregion,eventheireggsandembryos,”saidWang,apaleontologistattheInstituteofVertebratePaleontologyandPaleo-anthropologyoftheChineseAcademyofSciences.“____69____.Sowedidn’thavethetimetodealwiththedinosaurbonesdiscoveredatthesametime.”Althoughalargedesertnow,Wangassumedthatthebasinwasoncehometoahugelakeandrichvegetation,supportingbillionsofprehistoricanimals.Oneofthedinosaursmentionedinthestudy,althoughincomplete,isthoughttobeofalargeanimalstretchingover20meters.ResearchershavenameditSilutitansinensis,aftertheancientSilkRoadtraderoutethatcrossedXinjiang.____70____.TheHamititanisestimatedtobeatleast17meterslong,researcherssaid.“It’sverydifficulttofindcompletefossilsoflargedinosaurs,”Wangsaid,explainingthattheGobiDesert’senvironmentweathersfossilsquickly.Researchersalsofoundseveralotherdinosaurbonesintheregion,butthespecimensofferedscantinformationbywhichtobeidentified,accordingtodiestudy.A.Insomeareas,youcanfindatleastonesamplepersquaremeter.B.However,itwaspreviouslybelievedthatthatspecieshadnotspreadtoEastAsia.C.TitanosaurswereamongthelargestdinosaursknowntohaveeverexistedonEarth.D.Meanwhile,thesecondspecieshasbeennamedHamititanxinjiangensis,afterthecitywherethedinosaurwasdiscovered.E.Theywerethendiggingfossilsofpterosaurs,anextinctwingedreptilethatcoexistedwithdinosaursmillionsofyearsago.F.I’mconvincedthatmoredinosaurfossils,includingfootprints,bonesoreggs,couldbediscoveredintheprovinceinthefuture.IV.SummaryWriting(10分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Wishyouweremorecreative?Justpretend!Onegreatironyaboutourcollectiveobsessionwithcreativityisthatwetendtoframeitinuncreativeways.Thatistosay,mostofusmarrycreativitytoourconceptofself:Eitherwe’re“creative”orwearen’t,withoutmuchofamiddleground.Dr.Pillay,atechentrepreneurandanassistantprofessoratHarvardUniversity,hasspentagoodchunkofhiscareersubverting(使放棄)theseideas.Hebelievesthatthekeytounlockingyourcreativepotentialistodefytheclichédadvicethaturgesyouto“believeinyourself.”Infact,youshoulddotheopposite:Believeyouaresomeoneelse.Dr.Pillaypointstoa2016studydemonstratingtheimpactofstereotypes(固定思維)onone’sbehavior.Theauthors,educationalpsychologistsDenisDumasandKevinDunbar,dividedtheircollege-studentsubjectsintothreegroups,instructingthemembersofonetothinkofthemselvesas“eccentric(古怪的)poets”andthemembersofanothertoimaginetheywere“rigidlibrarians”(thethirdgroupwasthecontrol).Theresearchersthenpresentedalltheparticipantswithtenordinaryobjects,includingafork,acarrot,andapairofpants,andaskedthemtocomeupwithasmanydifferentusesaspossibleforeachone.Thosewhowereaskedtoimaginethemselvesaseccentricpoetscameupwiththewidest