專題11 閱讀填空-2023年中考英語考試研究（無錫專用）

專題11閱讀填空-2023年中考英語考試研究（無錫專用）無錫市歷年考情解讀知識點名稱考察題型具體的考察情況填寫標題中空缺的單詞閱讀填空標題中實詞的首字母需大寫填寫左側歸納性的單詞閱讀填空Backgroundinformation；Advantages；Disadvantages；Importantfacts;Introduction;Conclusion;Reasons;Purposes;Beginning;Mainbody等填寫右側細節(jié)性的單詞閱讀填空對應文章中尋找跟空格前后內容有關系的單詞進行適當的變形或者同義替換。無錫市中考英語歷年（2019-2022）真題展示【2019無錫中考】閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據短文內容，在文章后表格的空格內填入一個最恰當的單詞。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。（本大題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分） Britonsarewellknownfordrinkingtea.Theaverage(典型的)personintheUKdrinksaround1.9kgofteaeveryyear.That’saround876cupsoftea.Teaisdrunkbyalllevelsofsociety.ButteadoesnotgrowinBritain.MostteagrowsinIndiaandChina.So,howdiditbecomeanimportantpartofBritishculture?TeaarrivedinLondoninthe1600s.Atthistime,BritishshipswereexploringtheworldandcameacrossthedrinkinChina.Itwasnotlongbeforegreenteacouldbeboughtfromthemarket.However,itwasonlyfortherichpeople. Atthebeginningofthe1700s,theamount（數量）ofteaarrivinginBritainincreasedrapidly.Blackteaarrivedatthistime.AtfirstthisteaservedexactlyasitwasinChina.Theysoondiscoveredthatitmixedreallywellwithalittlemilkandsugar,givingthedrinkaspecialBritishcolour.Inthe1800s,teawasstillaproductenjoyedonlybypeoplewithmoney.Atthistimetheybegantohave“afternoontea”.Theydrankteawithasnackaround4pmtoavoidfeelinghungrybetweenlunchanddinner.Itisastillgoingtodaybuthasbecomelesspopularinrecenttimes.Title:52andBritain-ashorthistoryImportantfactsDrinkingteaisanimportantpartofBritishculture.TheaverageBritishdrinksabout1.9kgofteaeveryyear.Teaisnot_____53____intheUK,butmostlyinIndiaandChina.BigeventsBritishshipsdiscoveredteainChinawhileexploringtheworldanditarrivedinLondoninthe1600s.Blackteaarrivedatthebeginningofthe1970sandBritonsfirstdrankitexactlythesamewayasthe54did.Alittlemilkandsugarwerefoundtobeaperfect55forblackteaandaspecialBritishdrinkwasborn.Britonsbegantohave‘afternoontea’inthe1800sandithas56atraditionsincethen.【答案】52.Tea53.grown54.Chinese55.colour56.become【解析】本文介紹了茶是如何成為英國文化的重要組成部分的？英國人以喝茶而聞名。但是茶在英國不生長。大多數茶葉生長在印度和中國。茶在16世紀到達倫敦，在17世紀初，到達英國的茶葉數量迅速增加。在19世紀，英國人開始喝“下午茶”。從那時起，它就成了一種傳統(tǒng)。51．Tea考查名詞．由第一段Britonsarewellknownfordrinkingtea．可知，英國人以喝茶而聞名．接著本段介紹到，茶葉原產地不在英國，茶葉如何到英國的，在英國有多久的歷史了，所以文章就此展開了討論，所以空處需用單詞tea概況文章的主旨大意，標題中實詞首字母需大寫．故填Tea．52．grown考查過去分詞．由第一段ButteadoesnotgrowinBritain．MostteagrowsinIndiaandChina．可知，但是英國不種植茶，大多數茶生長在印度和中國．空處考查了一般現在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，表示茶被種植，所以空處需用grow的過去分詞grown．故填grown．53．Chinese考查名詞．由倒數第二段Blackteaarrivedatthistime．AtfirstthisteaservedexactlyasitwasinChina．可知，紅茶出現在20世紀70年代初，英國人第一次喝紅茶的方式和中國人完全一樣．空處需用指人的名詞作主語，結合inChina可知，此處需用Chinese，表示中國人．故填Chinese．54．colour考查名詞。根據Theysoondiscoveredthatitmixedreallywellwithalittlemilkandsugar,givingthedrinkaspecialBritishcolour.他們很快發(fā)現，它與少量的牛奶和糖很好地混合，使這種飲料具有英國特有的顏色。可知，本題應該填：colour；句子Alittlemilkandsugarwerefoundtobeaperfect___54___forblackteaandaspecialBritishdrinkwasborn.的意思是：少量的牛奶和糖被發(fā)現是紅茶的完美顏色，一種特殊的英國飲料誕生了。所以答案為：colour。become考查過去分詞。結合短文Atthistimetheybegantohave“afternoontea”這時，他們開始喝“下午茶”?？芍菑哪且院?，它變成了一個傳統(tǒng)。因前面有has，故是現在完成時態(tài)，故填寫become?！?020無錫中考】六、閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據短文內容，在文章后表格的空格內填入一個最恰當的單詞。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。Peoplehavebeenusingthewind’senergyforalong,longtime.Morethan5,000yearsago,ancientEgyptiansmadeboatspoweredbythewind.In200B.C.,peopleusedwindmills(風車)inChina.Today,wecollectthewind’senergywithwindturbines(渦輪).Aturbineissimilartoawindmill;itisaverytalltowerwithtwoorthreeblades(葉片)atthetop.Thesebladesareturnedbythewind.Thebladesturnagenerator(發(fā)電機)locatedinsidethetower,whichcreatespower.Groupsofwindturbinesareknownaswindfarms.Windfarmscanbefoundnearfarmland,innarrowmountainpasses,andevenintheocean,wheretherearestrongerwinds.Windfarmscreatepowerfornearbyhomes,schoolsandotherbuildings.InplacesliketheMidwestandalongcoasts,windscanprovidecheappower.Anothergreatadvantageofwindpoweristhatitisacleanformofenergy.Windturbinesdonotburnoilorcoalanddonotpollutetheair.Windisnotalwaysanidealsourceofenergy,however.Windspeedchangesfromtimetotime,dependingonthetimeofday,weatherandlocation.Windturbinescanbealsodangerousforbatsandbirds.Theseanimalscannotalwaystellhowfastthebladesaremovingandcrashintothem.Title:___52___EnergyAncienttimes?PeopleinEgyptmadewind-poweredboats___53___5,000yearsago.?PeopleinChinausedwindmillsin200B.C.Moderntimes?Itis___54___withturbines,whicharetallwindmill-liketowerswithtwoorthreebladesatthetopandageneratorinside.?Thewindturnsthebladesandthebladesturnthegeneratortocreatepower.Advantages?Windsproducepoweratalow___55___incertainareas.?Windturbinesdonotcauseairpollution.Disadvantages?Windspeeddoesnotremainatthesame___56___allthetime.?Windturbinescanbedangerousforanimalslikebatsandbirds.【答案】52.Wind’s53.over54.collected55.cost56.level【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人類從古至今對風能的利用。【52題詳解】通讀全文可知，本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人類從古至今對風能的利用。故此處標題為“風能”，且首字母應該大寫。故答案為Wind’s?！?3題詳解】根據原文Morethan5,000yearsago,ancientEgyptiansmadeboatspoweredbythewind可知，5000多年前，古埃及人就制造了風力驅動的船只。故此處說的是5000多年前，古埃及人制造了風力驅動的船只。答案只能填一個詞，故答案為over?！?4題詳解】根據原文Today,wecollectthewind’senergywithwindturbines可知，今天，我們用風力渦輪機收集風能。故此處用被動語態(tài)說的是風能被風力渦輪機收集。故答案為collected?！?5題詳解】根據原文InplacesliketheMidwestandalongcoasts,windscanprovidecheappower可知，在中西部和沿海地區(qū)，風能可以提供廉價的電力。故此處說的是在某些地區(qū)，風能可以以低成本發(fā)電。故答案為cost?！?6題詳解】根據原文Windspeedchangesfromtimetotime,dependingonthetimeofday,weatherandlocation可知，風速隨時間的變化而變化，這取決于一天中的時間、天氣和地點。故此處說的是風速并非一直保持在同一水平。故答案為level。【2021無錫中考】七、閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據短文內容，在文章后表格的空格內填入一個最恰當的單詞。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。Whenthingsaroundthehousestopworking，whatdoyouusuallydowiththem？Ifyou're

likealotofpeople，youprobablyjustthrowthemaway.

Insomeareas，it'sdifficulttofindpeoplewhocanmakerepairs，andfixingthingscanbequiteexpensive.Also，somesmallobjectsaresoinexpensivethatit'softeneasiertojustbuyanewone.

In2009，MartinePostmafromtheNetherlandsdecidedtheremustbeabetterway.HersolutionwasRepairCafes：placeswherepeoplecantakebrokenitems.Theretheywillfindtools，resourcesandvolunteerexpertswhoarereadytohelpwithrepairs.

Postma'sfirstRepairCafeopenedonOct.18，2009，inAmsterdam，andwasahugesuccess.Newsofthecafespread，andpeoplebeganaskinghowtheycouldstarttheirown.In2011，PostmasetuptheRepairCafeFoundation.Thisnonprofitorganizationprovidesguidancetothosehopingtobegintheirownneighbourhoodrepairgroup.

Today，thereareabout2，000RepairCafesaroundtheworldwithmeetingsusuallytakingplaceonceamonth.Around25objectsarerepairedduringeachmeeting.Everythingisfree，butdonationsaregreatlywelcome.

Thecafesnotonlyprovidehelpwithrepairs，theyalsostrengthencommunityties.Neighborsgettoknowoneanotherastheyworktogetheronprojects.Moreover，valuableknowledgeispassedalongandpreserved.Itemsarekeptratherthanthrownaway，meaninglessrubbishinlandfills.

Title：RepairCafesBasic

information?Thefirst

onewas（52）byMartinePostmainAmsterdamin2009.?About2，000ofthemhavebeensetupallovertheworld

sofar.?Repairing

thingsatsuchacafe（53）

nothingbutdonationsarewelcome.（54）?Theyhelp

improvethe（55）betweenneighbors.?Theyhelp

passalongandpreservevaluableknowledge.?Theyhelp（56）theenvironment.【解析】本文主要介紹了一些維修咖啡館為人們帶來便利。（52）opened.考查動詞的過去分詞。根據第四段Postma'sfirstRepairCafeopenedonOct.18，2009，inAmsterdam，andwasahugesuccess.Postma的第一家修理咖啡館于2009年10月18日在阿姆斯特丹開業(yè)，并取得了巨大的成功，題目中使用同義句，原文的主動語態(tài)在題目中變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，即第一家修理咖啡館是由Postma開辦的，is后跟動詞的過去分詞構成被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞，故答案為opened.（53）costs.考查動詞的第三人稱單數形式。根據第五段Everythingisfree，butdonationsaregreatlywelcome.一切都是免費的，但是捐贈很受歡迎，題目中使用同義句，即維修東西不花錢，動名詞作主語，一般現在時中謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式，故答案為costs。（54）Advantages.考查可數名詞復數。根據最后一段Thecafesnotonlyprovidehelpwithrepairs，theyalsostrengthencommunityties.這些咖啡館不僅提供維修服務，還加強了社區(qū)聯系?？芍径沃饕v了維修咖啡館的好處，故答案為Advantages.（55）relationship.考查名詞。根據最后一段Thecafesnotonlyprovidehelpwithrepairs，theyalsostrengthencommunityties.這些咖啡館不僅提供維修服務，還加強了社區(qū)聯系。題目中使用同義句，即它們幫助提升了鄰居們之間的關系，故答案為relationship.（56）toprotect.考查動詞原形。根據最后一段Itemsarekeptratherthanthrownaway，meaninglessrubbishinlandfills.物品被保存起來，而不是扔掉，這意味著垃圾填埋場的垃圾更少，題目中使用同義句，據此判斷它們也幫助保護了環(huán)境，help后跟動詞不定式，故答案為toprotect.【2022無錫中考】六、閱讀填空(本大題共5小題.每小題1分，共5分)先通讀下面的短文，然后根據短文內容，在文章后表格的空格內填入一個最恰當的單詞，每個空格只能填一個單詞。BeginningofSummer,oneoftheChinese24solarterms,usuallyfallseachyearonadaybetweenMay5and7accordingtothecalendar.Forcenturies,peopleoftheBanshanneighbourhoodinHangzhou,Zhejiangholdalotofevents.CelebrationsusuallybeginwithparademadeupofpeopledressedupintraditionalChineseclothing,Hanfu.Aftertheparade,localpeopletakepartinsomeactivitiesatthesquare.Eatingblackrice:AfewdaysbeforeBeginningofSummer,peopleofBanshanbeginbusyingthemselveswithcookingblackrice.Theymixriceandthejuiceoffresh-pickedseabilberryleaves.BlackriceculturestartedfromtheTangDynasty(618-907).Itisbelievedthatchildrenwhoeatblackricewillnotbebittenbyinsectsandwillbefitthewholesummer.Weighingpeople:LocalpeopleofBanshandevelopedtheinterestingtraditionofweighingpeopleonthisdaytocheckthechangesintheirbodyweightoverthepastyear.Peopleofallagestakepartintheactivity.Localsbelievethatpeoplewhoweighthemselvesonthisdaywillnotonlyhavegoodluck,butalsoguardagainstweightlossduringthecomingsummer.Eggfights:Childrenareundoubtedlycrazyaboutthisgame.Withaboiledegg,eachchildtriestobreaktheeggoftheircompetitor.Whoever’seggbreaksfirstistheloser,andneedstoeattheeggasapunishment.Thechampioninthegameisawardedthetitleof“EggKing”.TodaytheseactivitieshavegivenbirthtoaseriesofspecialcustomsinBanshanonBeginningofSummer.Title:TraditionsonBeginningofSummer:ATasteofFoodand____54____Backgroundinformation?BeginningofSummerusuallyfallseachyearonadaybetweenMay5and7.?LocalpeopleintraditionalChineseclothingtakepartinsomeactivitiesto____55____thisday.Specialactivities?Eatingblackricehasalong____56____.Peoplebelieveeatingitkeepschildrensafefromthedangerofinsectbiting.?Weighingpeopleonthisdayis____57____amongpeopleofdifferentages.Bydoingso,theybelievetheywillhavegoodluckandguardagainstweightlossinthecomingsummer.?Eggfightsisagamethatchildrenarecrazyabout.Ifachild____58____thegame,heneedstoeattheegg.【答案】

54.Fun55.celebrate56.history57.popular58.loses【解析】本文主要介紹了立夏節(jié)氣的時間、活動和飲食等?！?4題詳解】根據“Forcenturies,peopleoftheBanshanneighbourhoodinHangzhou,Zhejiangholdalotofevents.CelebrationsusuallybeginwithparademadeupofpeopledressedupintraditionalChineseclothing,Hanfu.”和“AfewdaysbeforeBeginningofSummer,peopleofBanshanbeginbusyingthemselveswithcookingblackrice.”可知，在立夏可以品嘗美食，享受樂趣。故填Fun?！?5題詳解】根據“CelebrationsusuallybeginwithparademadeupofpeopledressedupintraditionalChineseclothing,Hanfu.”可知，當地人穿著中國傳統(tǒng)服裝參加一些活動來慶祝這個節(jié)氣?？涨皌o為不定式符號，此處使用動詞原形，celebrate“慶?！?。故填celebrate。【56題詳解】根據“BlackriceculturestartedfromtheTangDynasty(618-907).”可知，吃黑米有著悠久的歷史。history“歷史”，根據空前a可知，這里填名詞單數。故填history?！?7題詳解】根據“LocalpeopleofBanshandevelopedtheinterestingtraditionofweighingpeopleonthisdaytocheckthechangesintheirbodyweightoverthepastyear.Peopleofallagestakepartintheactivity.”可知，在這一天給不同年齡的人稱重，可知這個活動很流行。此處be動詞后使用形容詞popular“受歡迎的，流行的”。故填popular。【58題詳解】根據“Whoever’seggbreaksfirstistheloser,andneedstoeattheeggasapunishment.”可知，輸了的人需要吃掉那個雞蛋，lose“輸掉”，achild為主語，此處是if引導的條件狀語從句，因此從句使用一般現在時，動詞使用第三人稱單數，故填loses?？键c分析1．直接信息題這類題目要求考生能快速在文章中查找相關細節(jié)，鎖定信息來源，并用文章中的詞來填空。2．信息轉換題這類題型無法從原文中找到原詞或完全一樣的原句，這需要我們對文章進行加工或變通。這些變通大多與語法知識有關，也有些與短語搭配和固定句型有關。3．信息概括題這類題目難度大、要求高、得分低，考生要在透徹理解文章的基礎上，根據文中相關信息綜合分析后提煉出新詞。此類題目主要分為兩種類型：(1)總結性詞匯。設題大多數情況下是概括文章的標題、段落大意、事件過程、文章的目的、意義以及得出的結論等。解題關鍵eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①尋找文章或段落的主旨句,②根據問題查找定位信息，找共性的東西))(2)歸納詞。有的題目在原文中可能找不到具體的信息句。這就要求我們首先要確定信息區(qū)域，然后對該區(qū)域進行認真地分析歸納。解題關鍵eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①概括性在最大程度上覆蓋欄內信息,②針對性量體裁衣，大小適度,③醒目性簡潔))解題時應注意的幾個問題:1．字母大小寫。2．名詞的數和格。3．動詞的形式。4．形容詞、副詞的比較級、最高級。5．動詞或名詞與介詞的習慣搭配。6．時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、第三人稱等。7．格式一致。表格內容的同一級要用相同的形式。模擬預測（2022年無錫市一模二模）【無錫江陰市2022年中考英語二模試卷】七、閱讀填空（本大題共8小題，每小題1分，共8分）先通讀下面的短文，然后根據短文內容，在文章后表格的空格內填入一個最恰當的單詞。每個空格只能填一個單詞。Thereareseveralfactorsthatmaydecidewhyacountrychoosesaparticularpassportcolour.Thesefactorsincludereligious(宗教的),geographical,historicalorculturalones.Somecountriestrytofitinwithnationsorpoliticalgroupsthey’dliketojoin.Governmentscanchoosetheoveralldesignandcolourfortheirpassportsfromoneofthefourbasiccolors:red,blue,green,orblack.RedPassportsRed,themostcommonpassportcolour,notonlyhasreligiousmeanings,butalsomayhavesomeconnectionswithacountry’shistoryorpolitics.CountriesinNorthernEuropegenerallyholdredpassports.BluePassportsThesecondmostcommonpassportcolourisblue.Traditionally,thecolourblueismeanttorepresentthe“NewWorld”nationsinNorthandSouthAmerica,andOceania(大洋洲).TheU.S.passporthasbeenbluesince1976.GreenPassportsGreenisthemostcommoncolourofchoiceforArabcountries.Consideredasasignofnatureandlife,itisofgreatimportanceforArabianreligions.ThecitizensofseveralWestAfricancountriesalsohavetraveldocumentsthathavedifferentshadesofgreen,whichmeanstheybelongtotheEconomicCommunityofWestAfricanStates.BlackPassportsBlackpassportsarenotascommonasbrightercolors,thoughdarkshadestendtomakeadocumentlookmoreofficial.Only10countrieshaveblackpassports,allunconnectedwithgeographyorreligion.NewZealand’spassportisblacksinceit’sthecountry’snationalcolour.Inall,thereasonswhypassportsindifferentcolorsoftenhaveimportantanddeepmeaningstoeachgovernment.ABrief___54___ToPassportColoursManyfactorsmaydecidewhatcolouracountrychoosesforitspassport.RedPassports?Redis___55___withthecountry’sreligionandhistoryorpolitics.?NorthernEuropeanCountriesgenerallyholdredpassports.BluePassports?Blue___56___for“NewWorld”nationsinNorthandSouthAmerica,andOceania.?TheUSAholdsbluepassports.GreenPassports?Greenrepresentsnatureandlife,whichisvery___57___forArabianreligions.?ArabcountriesandsomeWestAfricancountriesholdgreenpassports.BlackPassports?Blackisthe___58___commoncolourforpassports.?Only10countriesincludingNewZealandholdblackpassports.【答案】54.Introduction55.connected56.stands57.important58.least【解析】本文主要介紹了世界上有不同顏色的護照，并且介紹了每種顏色背后的意義以及流行程度?！?4題詳解】通讀全文可知文章主要介紹了不同顏色的護照，此處的標題為“護照顏色簡介”，introduction“介紹”，標題中首字母需大寫。故填Introduction?！?5題詳解】根據“Red…notonlyhasreligiousmeanings,butalsomayhavesomeconnectionswithacountry’shistoryorpolitics.”可知，紅色不僅具有宗教意義，還可能與一個國家的歷史或政治有關，beconnectedwith“與……相連/聯系”。故填connected?！?6題詳解】根據“Traditionally,thecolourblueismeanttorepresentthe‘NewWorld’nationsinNorthandSouthAmerica,andOceania(大洋洲).”可知，藍色在南北美洲和大洋洲代表著“新世界”國家，standfor“代表”，主語是“Blue”，謂語用第三人稱單數形式。故填stands。【57題詳解】根據“Consideredasasignofnatureandlife,itisofgreatimportanceforArabianreligions.”可知，綠色是自然和生命的象征，對阿拉伯宗教來說很重要。be動詞is后接形容詞作表語，important“重要的”。故填important?！?8題詳解】根據“Blackpassportsarenotascommonasbrightercolors”可知，黑色護照不像明亮的顏色那么常見，空前有定冠詞the，此處應用形容詞的最高級形式，least“最小的，最少的”，theleastcommon“最不常見的”。故填least。【無錫市濱湖區(qū)2022年中考英語一模試題】六、閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據短文內容，在文章后表格的空格內填入一個最恰當的單詞。每個空格只能填一個單詞。DurrowScarecrow(稻草人)Festival2022willtakeplacefromJuly24thtoAugust1st!Thewholecityisrunningascarecrowcompetitionandalltheworkswillbeshownduringthefestival.Thatwillbeninefulldaysoffamilyfriendlyfun,alongwithtraditionalgames,andcharitableactivities!Humanshaveusedscarecrowsaroundtheworldforover3,000years.ThefirstrecordeduseofscarecrowswasbytheEgyptianstoprotecttheirwheatfieldsalongtheNileRiver.Scarecrowsweremainlyusedtoscareawayhungrybirds.Nowadays,numerousexcitingandenjoyablescarecrowfestivalsarebornforallthecitizenstoattend.TheEnglandscarecrowfestivalstartedin1994.Amanheldacharitableactivitybyencouragingvillagerstomakescarecrowsdepicting(描繪)theirjobs.Theideaofhomemadescarecrowsarosepeople’sinterest.Later,thefestivalgrewintoEngland’svillagetradition.Everyyearitattractscountlessvisitorsfromallovertheworldtojoininthefun.Thereareoveronehundredlife-sizescarecrowsatthisfestival.Theyaremadeinthetraditionalwaysbythelocals.Youwillfindthescarecrowsplacedthroughoutthevillages.ScarecrowfestivalshelppeoplelettheircreativityoutbyexperiencingDIYwithstraw.Theyalsobecomeatalkingpointforneighbourswhohavenevermeteachotherbefore.Citizensjoininthefunandshowofftheircreativeflair(才華)toeachother.Besides,throughthecompetition,theteamspiritwillbedisplayed.ScarecrowFestivalsBasicInformationDurrowScarecrowFestival2022will____54____forninedays.DurrowScarecrowFestival2022____55____ascarecrowcompetition,traditionalgames,andcharitableactivities.HistoryTheEgyptiansmadescarecrowsto____56____theirfieldsfromhungrybirds3,000yearsago.TheEnglandscarecrowfestivalstartedin1994.Therearemanyscarecrowfestivalsnow,attractingcountlessvisitors.____57____Theyhelpreleasepeople’screativitybyexperiencingDIYwithstraw.Theyhelpimprovethe____58____betweenneighbours.Theyhelpdisplaytheteamspirit.【答案】54.last55.includes56.protect57.Advantages58.relationship【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要向我們介紹稻草人節(jié)的相關內容。【54題詳解】根據“DurrowScarecrow(稻草人)Festival2022willtakeplacefromJuly24thtoAugust1st!”可知，2022年杜羅稻草人節(jié)將于7月24日至8月1日舉行，節(jié)日持續(xù)9天，故填last?！?5題詳解】根據“Thewholecityisrunningascarecrowcompetitionandalltheworkswillbeshownduringthefestival.Thatwillbeninefulldaysoffamilyfriendlyfun,alongwithtraditionalgames,andcharitableactivities!”可知，整個城市都在舉辦稻草人比賽，所有的作品都將在節(jié)日期間展出，這將是整整九天的家庭友好的樂趣，連同傳統(tǒng)游戲，和慈善活動！所以活動包括稻草人比賽、傳統(tǒng)游戲和慈善活動。故填includes?！?6題詳解】根據“Humanshaveusedscarecrowsaroundtheworldforover3,000years.ThefirstrecordeduseofscarecrowswasbytheEgyptianstoprotecttheirwheatfieldsalongtheNileRiver.Scarecrowsweremainlyusedtoscareawayhungrybirds.”可知，人類在世界各地使用稻草人已有3000多年的歷史。有記載的首次使用稻草人是埃及人用來保護尼羅河沿岸的麥田。稻草人主要用來嚇跑饑餓的鳥兒。所以是用稻草人來保護他們的田地不受饑餓鳥類的傷害。故填protect?！?7題詳解】根據表格右側內容可知，介紹的是稻草人節(jié)的優(yōu)點，advantage“優(yōu)點”，此處表示復數含義，使用名詞復數形式，故填Advantages。【58題詳解】根據“Theyalsobecomeatalkingpointforneighbourswhohavenevermeteachotherbefore.”可知，它們也成為了從未謀面的鄰居們的話題。所以稻草人節(jié)提升了鄰里之間的關系，故填relationship?！緹o錫市華莊中學2022年中考英語二模試卷】六、閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據短文內容，在文章后表格的空格內填入一個最恰當的單詞。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。（本大題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）Overthepastbillionsofyears,manyanimalsandplantshavelivedonthisbeautifulplanet.Butabout99.9percentofthemdiedout.Thisisbecausetheycouldn’tadaptto（適應）wheretheylived.Tosurvive,livingthingsmustchangeovertime.Thisiscalledevolution（進化）.Whenreadingthisarticle,pleaserememberthateveryoneofusisaluckydog.Weevolve,andwesurvive!Afteryearsofevolution,nowwehavetheabilitiestoliveintheworldandenjoyit.Justlikehumans,otheranimalson-Earthalsoevolvegreatabilities.Forexample,giraffesliveonthegrasslandofAfrica.Toadapttolifethere,theyhaveevolvedlongerneckstoreachthehightrees,aswellaslongerlegstorunawayfromlionsandcheetahs（獵豹）.However,evolutionalsogivesgiraffesastrangehabit:Theyonlysleepforabout30minutesadayandlessthan5minutesatime,andtheysleepstanding!Whyaretheysowakeful?Well,that’sbecausetheyaresotall.Theyneedlongertimegettingoffthegroundandrun.Becauseofthisspecialsleepstyle,theywon’tbecomeeasymealsforothers.Asyousee,evolutionisn’talwaysperfect.Ithelpsanimalstolive,butitsometimesalsogivesthemwhattheydon’treallywant.Don’tfeelsorry.It’spartofnaturalselection（選擇）.Inordertosurvive,allofthisisnecessary.FactsAboutEvolutionWhyevolutionhappensHumansandotheranimalsonearthneedtoevolvegreatabilitiestoadopttothe____54____.Takegiraffesfor____55____Theyhaveevolvedlongernecksto____56____hightrees,aswellaslongerlegstorunawayfromdangerousanimals.Theyonlysleepforaveryshorttimeandtheysleepstanding,ortheywillbeeatenbyothers____57____.WhetherrevolutionisperfectEvolutionisn’talwaysperfect.Ontheonehand,ithelpsanimalstolive.Ontheotherhand,itsometimescannotjust____58____theirneed.【答案】54.environment55.example56.reach57.easily58.satisfy【解析】本文主要介紹了進化，進化不總是完美的。它有助于動物生存，但是有時也會給它們不想要的東西。【54題詳解】根據“Thisisbecausetheycouldn’tadaptto（適應）wheretheylived.Tosurvive,livingthingsmustchangeovertime.Thisiscalledevolution.”可知，人類和地球上的其他動物需要進化出強大的能力來適應環(huán)境。故填environment。【55題詳解】根據“Forexample,giraffesliveonthegrasslandofAfrica.”可知，這里是拿長頸鹿作為例子，take…forexample表示“拿……作為例子”。故填example?！?6題詳解】根據“Toadapttolifethere,theyhaveevolvedlongerneckstoreachthehightrees”可知，它們進化出了更長的脖子以達到高大的樹木。故填reach。

【57題詳解】根據“Theyonlysleepforabout30minutesadayandlessthan5minutesatime,andtheysleepstanding!Whyaretheysowakeful?Well,that’sbecausetheyaresotall.Theyneedlongertimegettingoffthegroundandrun.Becauseofthisspecialsleepstyle,theywon’tbecomeeasymealsforothers.”可知，它們只睡很短的時間，站著睡覺，否則很容易被別的動物吃掉。副詞“easily”修飾動詞“eat”。故填easily?！?8題詳解】根據“Ithelpsanimalstolive,butitsometimesalsogivesthemwhattheydon’treallywant.”可知，不能滿足他們，satisfy意為“滿足”，can后跟動詞原形。故填satisfy?！緹o錫市惠山區(qū)八校2022年中考英語一模試題】七、閱讀填空（本大題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）Scientistsarenotaloneinthefightagainstthevirus,asvariousproductsandappsaregivingthemahand.Herearesomeexamples.Drones(無人機)Droneshaveplayedamajorroleindisinfection(消毒).Policeofficersalsousethemtospreadthelatestinformation.What'smore,theyusedronestoremindpeopletowearmasksorwarnthemnottogatherinlargegroups.RobotsRobotsaregoodhelpersonthefrontlines.Theydomanytasksinhospitals,includingsendingmedicineormeals,doingdisinfectionandmeasuringpatients'bodytemperature.Thisnotonlygreatlyreducestheburdenformedicalworkers,butalsopreventsthecross-infection(交叉感染).Mini-programmesDifferentmini-programmes,orappsthatyoudon'tneedtodownloadbutcanuseonWechat,havealsocometohelp.Forexample,youcancheckwhetheryouhaveunknowinglytravelledalongsideinfectedpatients.Communityworkerscancollectinformationaboutpeoplemoreeasilywiththehelpofmini-programmes.HealthQRcodes(健康碼)Peopleinmorethan100citiescangettheirownhealthQRcodesbyapplyingthroughAlipayorWechat.Thisway,theydon'thavetofillininformationliketheirnames,agesandlivingaddressesoverandoveragainwhentheyenterpublicplaces.Title:___74___JoinstheFightDrones＞Theyplayamajorroleindisinfection.＞Theyareusedbypoliceofficerstotellpeople___75___todo.Robots＞Theyhelpmedicalworkersdomuchwork.＞Theyhelpreducethe___76___ofcross-infection.Mini-programmes＞Theyareusedtocheckifthereareanyinfectedpatientsnearyou.＞Theymakeit___77___forcommunityworkerstocollectinformation.HealthQRcodesByapplyinghealthQRcodes,peopledon'thavetofillintheir___78___informationoverandoveragainwhenenteringpublicplaces.【答案】74.Technology75.what76.risk/possibility77.easier78.personal【解析】在抗擊病毒的戰(zhàn)斗中，科學家并不是唯一一個參與到對抗病毒的斗爭中來的人，各種科技產品和應用程序都在幫助他們。本篇介紹無人機、機器人、微型程序、健康QR代碼等各種科技產品和應用程序在對抗病毒中的作用?！?4題詳解】根據文中“Scientistsarenotaloneinthefightagainstthevirus,asvariousproductsandappsaregivingthemahandDrones…Robots…Mini-programmes…HealthQRcodes”無人機、機器人、微型程序、健康QR代碼等各種科技產品和應用程序都在幫助科學家對抗病毒；由此推斷空格處指科技產品加入到對抗病毒的斗爭中；空格是句子的主語，判斷填名詞，technology科技，名詞，故答案為Technology。【75題詳解】判斷空格填疑問詞，與不定式構成“疑問詞+不定式”結構做動詞賓語；根據第二段“What'smore,theyusedronestoremindpeopletowearmasksorwarnthemnottogatherinlargegroups.”可知無人機提醒人們戴口罩或警告他們不要聚集在一個大的群體，即告訴人們該做什么；故答案為what?！?6題詳解】空格在定冠詞后面，判斷填名詞；根據第三段“Thisnotonlygreatlyreducestheburdenformedicalworkers,butalsopreventsthecross-infection”這不僅大大減輕了醫(yī)務人員的負擔，而且防止了交叉感染，即降低交叉感染的風險/可能；risk風險，名詞；possibility可能，名詞；故答案為risk/possibility【77題詳解】makesth+adj使……狀態(tài)，由此判斷空格填形容詞；根據第四段“Communityworkerscancollectinformationaboutpeoplemoreeasilywiththehelpofmini-programmes”社區(qū)工作者可以通過小型項目更容易地收集人們的信息，由此可知空格指小程序使社區(qū)工作者更容易收集信息；easier更容易，形容詞比較級；故答案為easier。【78題詳解】空格在形容詞性物主代詞后面，判斷填名詞；根據第五段“Thisway,theydon'thavetofillininformationliketheirnames,agesandlivingaddressesoverandoveragainwhentheyenterpublicplaces”他們進入公共場所時就不必一遍又一遍地填寫姓名、年齡和居住地址等信息，可知空格處指人們不必一遍又一遍地填寫個人信息；personal個人的，形容詞；故答案為personal?！军c睛】本篇為任務型閱讀，完成表格。要求在理解文本信息的基礎上，根據材料提供的直接信息或推理、提煉后的間接信息完成題目要求的任務。解答時要通讀全文，在原文中定位空格前后的關鍵詞，確定空格缺的信息；再根據語法（詞性、時態(tài)、單復數、主賓格等）、固定搭配、日常用語、語境等，確定空格的正確形式。題1是句子的主語，填名詞；題2、4根據固定搭配“疑問詞+不定式”和makesth+adj解答；解答完，要復讀文章，結合題意和文后提供的任務信息，認真核實任務以保證答題正確。【無錫市蠡園中學2022年中考英語二模試卷】六、閱讀填空（本大題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）先通讀下面的短文，然后根據短文內容，在文章后表格的空格內填入一個最恰當的單詞。所填單詞必須寫在答題卷對應題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。Mostofushaveneverthoughtaboutbuildinganeducationaltoybyourselves.Ifweneedalearningtoyorsomething,wesimplygototheneareststoreandbuyit.However,thingsarenotaseasyinthirdworldcountries.Withfamiliesevenhavingnofoodtoputonthetable,buyingtoys,especiallytheeducationalones,isthelastthingontheparents’minds.Sohowcanonegetthesekidsinterestedinscience?ThiswasaquestionthatworriedtheIndianengineerArvindGuptasomuchthathedecidedtogiveupagoodjobandspendhislifemakingtoysfromthingsthatpeoplenolongerwantorneed!Mr.Guptabeganteachinginthe1970s.WhilestillanengineeringstudentattheIndianCollegeofTechnology,hevolu