專題11 閱讀填空-2023年中考英語考試研究（無錫專用）

專題11閱讀填空-2023年中考英語考試研究（無錫專用）無錫市歷年考情解讀知識點(diǎn)名稱考察題型具體的考察情況填寫標(biāo)題中空缺的單詞閱讀填空標(biāo)題中實(shí)詞的首字母需大寫填寫左側(cè)歸納性的單詞閱讀填空Backgroundinformation；Advantages；Disadvantages；Importantfacts;Introduction;Conclusion;Reasons;Purposes;Beginning;Mainbody等填寫右側(cè)細(xì)節(jié)性的單詞閱讀填空對應(yīng)文章中尋找跟空格前后內(nèi)容有關(guān)系的單詞進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)淖冃位蛘咄x替換。無錫市中考英語歷年（2019-2022）真題展示【2019無錫中考】閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。（本大題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分） Britonsarewellknownfordrinkingtea.Theaverage(典型的)personintheUKdrinksaround1.9kgofteaeveryyear.That’saround876cupsoftea.Teaisdrunkbyalllevelsofsociety.ButteadoesnotgrowinBritain.MostteagrowsinIndiaandChina.So,howdiditbecomeanimportantpartofBritishculture?TeaarrivedinLondoninthe1600s.Atthistime,BritishshipswereexploringtheworldandcameacrossthedrinkinChina.Itwasnotlongbeforegreenteacouldbeboughtfromthemarket.However,itwasonlyfortherichpeople. Atthebeginningofthe1700s,theamount（數(shù)量）ofteaarrivinginBritainincreasedrapidly.Blackteaarrivedatthistime.AtfirstthisteaservedexactlyasitwasinChina.Theysoondiscoveredthatitmixedreallywellwithalittlemilkandsugar,givingthedrinkaspecialBritishcolour.Inthe1800s,teawasstillaproductenjoyedonlybypeoplewithmoney.Atthistimetheybegantohave“afternoontea”.Theydrankteawithasnackaround4pmtoavoidfeelinghungrybetweenlunchanddinner.Itisastillgoingtodaybuthasbecomelesspopularinrecenttimes.Title:52andBritain-ashorthistoryImportantfactsDrinkingteaisanimportantpartofBritishculture.TheaverageBritishdrinksabout1.9kgofteaeveryyear.Teaisnot_____53____intheUK,butmostlyinIndiaandChina.BigeventsBritishshipsdiscoveredteainChinawhileexploringtheworldanditarrivedinLondoninthe1600s.Blackteaarrivedatthebeginningofthe1970sandBritonsfirstdrankitexactlythesamewayasthe54did.Alittlemilkandsugarwerefoundtobeaperfect55forblackteaandaspecialBritishdrinkwasborn.Britonsbegantohave‘a(chǎn)fternoontea’inthe1800sandithas56atraditionsincethen.【答案】52.Tea53.grown54.Chinese55.colour56.become【解析】本文介紹了茶是如何成為英國文化的重要組成部分的？英國人以喝茶而聞名。但是茶在英國不生長。大多數(shù)茶葉生長在印度和中國。茶在16世紀(jì)到達(dá)倫敦，在17世紀(jì)初，到達(dá)英國的茶葉數(shù)量迅速增加。在19世紀(jì)，英國人開始喝“下午茶”。從那時起，它就成了一種傳統(tǒng)。51．Tea考查名詞．由第一段Britonsarewellknownfordrinkingtea．可知，英國人以喝茶而聞名．接著本段介紹到，茶葉原產(chǎn)地不在英國，茶葉如何到英國的，在英國有多久的歷史了，所以文章就此展開了討論，所以空處需用單詞tea概況文章的主旨大意，標(biāo)題中實(shí)詞首字母需大寫．故填Tea．52．grown考查過去分詞．由第一段ButteadoesnotgrowinBritain．MostteagrowsinIndiaandChina．可知，但是英國不種植茶，大多數(shù)茶生長在印度和中國．空處考查了一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，表示茶被種植，所以空處需用grow的過去分詞grown．故填grown．53．Chinese考查名詞．由倒數(shù)第二段Blackteaarrivedatthistime．AtfirstthisteaservedexactlyasitwasinChina．可知，紅茶出現(xiàn)在20世紀(jì)70年代初，英國人第一次喝紅茶的方式和中國人完全一樣．空處需用指人的名詞作主語，結(jié)合inChina可知，此處需用Chinese，表示中國人．故填Chinese．54．colour考查名詞。根據(jù)Theysoondiscoveredthatitmixedreallywellwithalittlemilkandsugar,givingthedrinkaspecialBritishcolour.他們很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，它與少量的牛奶和糖很好地混合，使這種飲料具有英國特有的顏色?？芍?，本題應(yīng)該填：colour；句子Alittlemilkandsugarwerefoundtobeaperfect___54___forblackteaandaspecialBritishdrinkwasborn.的意思是：少量的牛奶和糖被發(fā)現(xiàn)是紅茶的完美顏色，一種特殊的英國飲料誕生了。所以答案為：colour。become考查過去分詞。結(jié)合短文Atthistimetheybegantohave“afternoontea”這時，他們開始喝“下午茶”?？芍菑哪且院?，它變成了一個傳統(tǒng)。因前面有has，故是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，故填寫become?！?020無錫中考】六、閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。Peoplehavebeenusingthewind’senergyforalong,longtime.Morethan5,000yearsago,ancientEgyptiansmadeboatspoweredbythewind.In200B.C.,peopleusedwindmills(風(fēng)車)inChina.Today,wecollectthewind’senergywithwindturbines(渦輪).Aturbineissimilartoawindmill;itisaverytalltowerwithtwoorthreeblades(葉片)atthetop.Thesebladesareturnedbythewind.Thebladesturnagenerator(發(fā)電機(jī))locatedinsidethetower,whichcreatespower.Groupsofwindturbinesareknownaswindfarms.Windfarmscanbefoundnearfarmland,innarrowmountainpasses,andevenintheocean,wheretherearestrongerwinds.Windfarmscreatepowerfornearbyhomes,schoolsandotherbuildings.InplacesliketheMidwestandalongcoasts,windscanprovidecheappower.Anothergreatadvantageofwindpoweristhatitisacleanformofenergy.Windturbinesdonotburnoilorcoalanddonotpollutetheair.Windisnotalwaysanidealsourceofenergy,however.Windspeedchangesfromtimetotime,dependingonthetimeofday,weatherandlocation.Windturbinescanbealsodangerousforbatsandbirds.Theseanimalscannotalwaystellhowfastthebladesaremovingandcrashintothem.Title:___52___EnergyAncienttimes?PeopleinEgyptmadewind-poweredboats___53___5,000yearsago.?PeopleinChinausedwindmillsin200B.C.Moderntimes?Itis___54___withturbines,whicharetallwindmill-liketowerswithtwoorthreebladesatthetopandageneratorinside.?Thewindturnsthebladesandthebladesturnthegeneratortocreatepower.Advantages?Windsproducepoweratalow___55___incertainareas.?Windturbinesdonotcauseairpollution.Disadvantages?Windspeeddoesnotremainatthesame___56___allthetime.?Windturbinescanbedangerousforanimalslikebatsandbirds.【答案】52.Wind’s53.over54.collected55.cost56.level【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人類從古至今對風(fēng)能的利用?！?2題詳解】通讀全文可知，本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人類從古至今對風(fēng)能的利用。故此處標(biāo)題為“風(fēng)能”，且首字母應(yīng)該大寫。故答案為Wind’s?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)原文Morethan5,000yearsago,ancientEgyptiansmadeboatspoweredbythewind可知，5000多年前，古埃及人就制造了風(fēng)力驅(qū)動的船只。故此處說的是5000多年前，古埃及人制造了風(fēng)力驅(qū)動的船只。答案只能填一個詞，故答案為over。【54題詳解】根據(jù)原文Today,wecollectthewind’senergywithwindturbines可知，今天，我們用風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)收集風(fēng)能。故此處用被動語態(tài)說的是風(fēng)能被風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)收集。故答案為collected。【55題詳解】根據(jù)原文InplacesliketheMidwestandalongcoasts,windscanprovidecheappower可知，在中西部和沿海地區(qū)，風(fēng)能可以提供廉價的電力。故此處說的是在某些地區(qū)，風(fēng)能可以以低成本發(fā)電。故答案為cost?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)原文Windspeedchangesfromtimetotime,dependingonthetimeofday,weatherandlocation可知，風(fēng)速隨時間的變化而變化，這取決于一天中的時間、天氣和地點(diǎn)。故此處說的是風(fēng)速并非一直保持在同一水平。故答案為level?！?021無錫中考】七、閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。Whenthingsaroundthehousestopworking，whatdoyouusuallydowiththem？Ifyou're

likealotofpeople，youprobablyjustthrowthemaway.

Insomeareas，it'sdifficulttofindpeoplewhocanmakerepairs，andfixingthingscanbequiteexpensive.Also，somesmallobjectsaresoinexpensivethatit'softeneasiertojustbuyanewone.

In2009，MartinePostmafromtheNetherlandsdecidedtheremustbeabetterway.HersolutionwasRepairCafes：placeswherepeoplecantakebrokenitems.Theretheywillfindtools，resourcesandvolunteerexpertswhoarereadytohelpwithrepairs.

Postma'sfirstRepairCafeopenedonOct.18，2009，inAmsterdam，andwasahugesuccess.Newsofthecafespread，andpeoplebeganaskinghowtheycouldstarttheirown.In2011，PostmasetuptheRepairCafeFoundation.Thisnonprofitorganizationprovidesguidancetothosehopingtobegintheirownneighbourhoodrepairgroup.

Today，thereareabout2，000RepairCafesaroundtheworldwithmeetingsusuallytakingplaceonceamonth.Around25objectsarerepairedduringeachmeeting.Everythingisfree，butdonationsaregreatlywelcome.

Thecafesnotonlyprovidehelpwithrepairs，theyalsostrengthencommunityties.Neighborsgettoknowoneanotherastheyworktogetheronprojects.Moreover，valuableknowledgeispassedalongandpreserved.Itemsarekeptratherthanthrownaway，meaninglessrubbishinlandfills.

Title：RepairCafesBasic

information?Thefirst

onewas（52）byMartinePostmainAmsterdamin2009.?About2，000ofthemhavebeensetupallovertheworld

sofar.?Repairing

thingsatsuchacafe（53）

nothingbutdonationsarewelcome.（54）?Theyhelp

improvethe（55）betweenneighbors.?Theyhelp

passalongandpreservevaluableknowledge.?Theyhelp（56）theenvironment.【解析】本文主要介紹了一些維修咖啡館為人們帶來便利。（52）opened.考查動詞的過去分詞。根據(jù)第四段Postma'sfirstRepairCafeopenedonOct.18，2009，inAmsterdam，andwasahugesuccess.Postma的第一家修理咖啡館于2009年10月18日在阿姆斯特丹開業(yè)，并取得了巨大的成功，題目中使用同義句，原文的主動語態(tài)在題目中變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，即第一家修理咖啡館是由Postma開辦的，is后跟動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞，故答案為opened.（53）costs.考查動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)第五段Everythingisfree，butdonationsaregreatlywelcome.一切都是免費(fèi)的，但是捐贈很受歡迎，題目中使用同義句，即維修東西不花錢，動名詞作主語，一般現(xiàn)在時中謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故答案為costs。（54）Advantages.考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)最后一段Thecafesnotonlyprovidehelpwithrepairs，theyalsostrengthencommunityties.這些咖啡館不僅提供維修服務(wù)，還加強(qiáng)了社區(qū)聯(lián)系?？芍径沃饕v了維修咖啡館的好處，故答案為Advantages.（55）relationship.考查名詞。根據(jù)最后一段Thecafesnotonlyprovidehelpwithrepairs，theyalsostrengthencommunityties.這些咖啡館不僅提供維修服務(wù)，還加強(qiáng)了社區(qū)聯(lián)系。題目中使用同義句，即它們幫助提升了鄰居們之間的關(guān)系，故答案為relationship.（56）toprotect.考查動詞原形。根據(jù)最后一段Itemsarekeptratherthanthrownaway，meaninglessrubbishinlandfills.物品被保存起來，而不是扔掉，這意味著垃圾填埋場的垃圾更少，題目中使用同義句，據(jù)此判斷它們也幫助保護(hù)了環(huán)境，help后跟動詞不定式，故答案為toprotect.【2022無錫中考】六、閱讀填空(本大題共5小題.每小題1分，共5分)先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，每個空格只能填一個單詞。BeginningofSummer,oneoftheChinese24solarterms,usuallyfallseachyearonadaybetweenMay5and7accordingtothecalendar.Forcenturies,peopleoftheBanshanneighbourhoodinHangzhou,Zhejiangholdalotofevents.CelebrationsusuallybeginwithparademadeupofpeopledressedupintraditionalChineseclothing,Hanfu.Aftertheparade,localpeopletakepartinsomeactivitiesatthesquare.Eatingblackrice:AfewdaysbeforeBeginningofSummer,peopleofBanshanbeginbusyingthemselveswithcookingblackrice.Theymixriceandthejuiceoffresh-pickedseabilberryleaves.BlackriceculturestartedfromtheTangDynasty(618-907).Itisbelievedthatchildrenwhoeatblackricewillnotbebittenbyinsectsandwillbefitthewholesummer.Weighingpeople:LocalpeopleofBanshandevelopedtheinterestingtraditionofweighingpeopleonthisdaytocheckthechangesintheirbodyweightoverthepastyear.Peopleofallagestakepartintheactivity.Localsbelievethatpeoplewhoweighthemselvesonthisdaywillnotonlyhavegoodluck,butalsoguardagainstweightlossduringthecomingsummer.Eggfights:Childrenareundoubtedlycrazyaboutthisgame.Withaboiledegg,eachchildtriestobreaktheeggoftheircompetitor.Whoever’seggbreaksfirstistheloser,andneedstoeattheeggasapunishment.Thechampioninthegameisawardedthetitleof“EggKing”.TodaytheseactivitieshavegivenbirthtoaseriesofspecialcustomsinBanshanonBeginningofSummer.Title:TraditionsonBeginningofSummer:ATasteofFoodand____54____Backgroundinformation?BeginningofSummerusuallyfallseachyearonadaybetweenMay5and7.?LocalpeopleintraditionalChineseclothingtakepartinsomeactivitiesto____55____thisday.Specialactivities?Eatingblackricehasalong____56____.Peoplebelieveeatingitkeepschildrensafefromthedangerofinsectbiting.?Weighingpeopleonthisdayis____57____amongpeopleofdifferentages.Bydoingso,theybelievetheywillhavegoodluckandguardagainstweightlossinthecomingsummer.?Eggfightsisagamethatchildrenarecrazyabout.Ifachild____58____thegame,heneedstoeattheegg.【答案】

54.Fun55.celebrate56.history57.popular58.loses【解析】本文主要介紹了立夏節(jié)氣的時間、活動和飲食等?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)“Forcenturies,peopleoftheBanshanneighbourhoodinHangzhou,Zhejiangholdalotofevents.CelebrationsusuallybeginwithparademadeupofpeopledressedupintraditionalChineseclothing,Hanfu.”和“AfewdaysbeforeBeginningofSummer,peopleofBanshanbeginbusyingthemselveswithcookingblackrice.”可知，在立夏可以品嘗美食，享受樂趣。故填Fun?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)“CelebrationsusuallybeginwithparademadeupofpeopledressedupintraditionalChineseclothing,Hanfu.”可知，當(dāng)?shù)厝舜┲袊鴤鹘y(tǒng)服裝參加一些活動來慶祝這個節(jié)氣。空前to為不定式符號，此處使用動詞原形，celebrate“慶?！?。故填celebrate。【56題詳解】根據(jù)“BlackriceculturestartedfromtheTangDynasty(618-907).”可知，吃黑米有著悠久的歷史。history“歷史”，根據(jù)空前a可知，這里填名詞單數(shù)。故填history?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)“LocalpeopleofBanshandevelopedtheinterestingtraditionofweighingpeopleonthisdaytocheckthechangesintheirbodyweightoverthepastyear.Peopleofallagestakepartintheactivity.”可知，在這一天給不同年齡的人稱重，可知這個活動很流行。此處be動詞后使用形容詞popular“受歡迎的，流行的”。故填popular?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)“Whoever’seggbreaksfirstistheloser,andneedstoeattheeggasapunishment.”可知，輸了的人需要吃掉那個雞蛋，lose“輸?shù)簟?，achild為主語，此處是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，因此從句使用一般現(xiàn)在時，動詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)，故填loses?？键c(diǎn)分析1．直接信息題這類題目要求考生能快速在文章中查找相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)，鎖定信息來源，并用文章中的詞來填空。2．信息轉(zhuǎn)換題這類題型無法從原文中找到原詞或完全一樣的原句，這需要我們對文章進(jìn)行加工或變通。這些變通大多與語法知識有關(guān)，也有些與短語搭配和固定句型有關(guān)。3．信息概括題這類題目難度大、要求高、得分低，考生要在透徹理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)文中相關(guān)信息綜合分析后提煉出新詞。此類題目主要分為兩種類型：(1)總結(jié)性詞匯。設(shè)題大多數(shù)情況下是概括文章的標(biāo)題、段落大意、事件過程、文章的目的、意義以及得出的結(jié)論等。解題關(guān)鍵eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①尋找文章或段落的主旨句,②根據(jù)問題查找定位信息，找共性的東西))(2)歸納詞。有的題目在原文中可能找不到具體的信息句。這就要求我們首先要確定信息區(qū)域，然后對該區(qū)域進(jìn)行認(rèn)真地分析歸納。解題關(guān)鍵eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①概括性在最大程度上覆蓋欄內(nèi)信息,②針對性量體裁衣，大小適度,③醒目性簡潔))解題時應(yīng)注意的幾個問題:1．字母大小寫。2．名詞的數(shù)和格。3．動詞的形式。4．形容詞、副詞的比較級、最高級。5．動詞或名詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配。6．時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、第三人稱等。7．格式一致。表格內(nèi)容的同一級要用相同的形式。模擬預(yù)測（2022年無錫市一模二模）【無錫江陰市2022年中考英語二模試卷】七、閱讀填空（本大題共8小題，每小題1分，共8分）先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。每個空格只能填一個單詞。Thereareseveralfactorsthatmaydecidewhyacountrychoosesaparticularpassportcolour.Thesefactorsincludereligious(宗教的),geographical,historicalorculturalones.Somecountriestrytofitinwithnationsorpoliticalgroupsthey’dliketojoin.Governmentscanchoosetheoveralldesignandcolourfortheirpassportsfromoneofthefourbasiccolors:red,blue,green,orblack.RedPassportsRed,themostcommonpassportcolour,notonlyhasreligiousmeanings,butalsomayhavesomeconnectionswithacountry’shistoryorpolitics.CountriesinNorthernEuropegenerallyholdredpassports.BluePassportsThesecondmostcommonpassportcolourisblue.Traditionally,thecolourblueismeanttorepresentthe“NewWorld”nationsinNorthandSouthAmerica,andOceania(大洋洲).TheU.S.passporthasbeenbluesince1976.GreenPassportsGreenisthemostcommoncolourofchoiceforArabcountries.Consideredasasignofnatureandlife,itisofgreatimportanceforArabianreligions.ThecitizensofseveralWestAfricancountriesalsohavetraveldocumentsthathavedifferentshadesofgreen,whichmeanstheybelongtotheEconomicCommunityofWestAfricanStates.BlackPassportsBlackpassportsarenotascommonasbrightercolors,thoughdarkshadestendtomakeadocumentlookmoreofficial.Only10countrieshaveblackpassports,allunconnectedwithgeographyorreligion.NewZealand’spassportisblacksinceit’sthecountry’snationalcolour.Inall,thereasonswhypassportsindifferentcolorsoftenhaveimportantanddeepmeaningstoeachgovernment.ABrief___54___ToPassportColoursManyfactorsmaydecidewhatcolouracountrychoosesforitspassport.RedPassports?Redis___55___withthecountry’sreligionandhistoryorpolitics.?NorthernEuropeanCountriesgenerallyholdredpassports.BluePassports?Blue___56___for“NewWorld”nationsinNorthandSouthAmerica,andOceania.?TheUSAholdsbluepassports.GreenPassports?Greenrepresentsnatureandlife,whichisvery___57___forArabianreligions.?ArabcountriesandsomeWestAfricancountriesholdgreenpassports.BlackPassports?Blackisthe___58___commoncolourforpassports.?Only10countriesincludingNewZealandholdblackpassports.【答案】54.Introduction55.connected56.stands57.important58.least【解析】本文主要介紹了世界上有不同顏色的護(hù)照，并且介紹了每種顏色背后的意義以及流行程度?！?4題詳解】通讀全文可知文章主要介紹了不同顏色的護(hù)照，此處的標(biāo)題為“護(hù)照顏色簡介”，introduction“介紹”，標(biāo)題中首字母需大寫。故填I(lǐng)ntroduction?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)“Red…notonlyhasreligiousmeanings,butalsomayhavesomeconnectionswithacountry’shistoryorpolitics.”可知，紅色不僅具有宗教意義，還可能與一個國家的歷史或政治有關(guān)，beconnectedwith“與……相連/聯(lián)系”。故填connected?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)“Traditionally,thecolourblueismeanttorepresentthe‘NewWorld’nationsinNorthandSouthAmerica,andOceania(大洋洲).”可知，藍(lán)色在南北美洲和大洋洲代表著“新世界”國家，standfor“代表”，主語是“Blue”，謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填stands?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)“Consideredasasignofnatureandlife,itisofgreatimportanceforArabianreligions.”可知，綠色是自然和生命的象征，對阿拉伯宗教來說很重要。be動詞is后接形容詞作表語，important“重要的”。故填important。【58題詳解】根據(jù)“Blackpassportsarenotascommonasbrightercolors”可知，黑色護(hù)照不像明亮的顏色那么常見，空前有定冠詞the，此處應(yīng)用形容詞的最高級形式，least“最小的，最少的”，theleastcommon“最不常見的”。故填least?！緹o錫市濱湖區(qū)2022年中考英語一模試題】六、閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。每個空格只能填一個單詞。DurrowScarecrow(稻草人)Festival2022willtakeplacefromJuly24thtoAugust1st!Thewholecityisrunningascarecrowcompetitionandalltheworkswillbeshownduringthefestival.Thatwillbeninefulldaysoffamilyfriendlyfun,alongwithtraditionalgames,andcharitableactivities!Humanshaveusedscarecrowsaroundtheworldforover3,000years.ThefirstrecordeduseofscarecrowswasbytheEgyptianstoprotecttheirwheatfieldsalongtheNileRiver.Scarecrowsweremainlyusedtoscareawayhungrybirds.Nowadays,numerousexcitingandenjoyablescarecrowfestivalsarebornforallthecitizenstoattend.TheEnglandscarecrowfestivalstartedin1994.Amanheldacharitableactivitybyencouragingvillagerstomakescarecrowsdepicting(描繪)theirjobs.Theideaofhomemadescarecrowsarosepeople’sinterest.Later,thefestivalgrewintoEngland’svillagetradition.Everyyearitattractscountlessvisitorsfromallovertheworldtojoininthefun.Thereareoveronehundredlife-sizescarecrowsatthisfestival.Theyaremadeinthetraditionalwaysbythelocals.Youwillfindthescarecrowsplacedthroughoutthevillages.ScarecrowfestivalshelppeoplelettheircreativityoutbyexperiencingDIYwithstraw.Theyalsobecomeatalkingpointforneighbourswhohavenevermeteachotherbefore.Citizensjoininthefunandshowofftheircreativeflair(才華)toeachother.Besides,throughthecompetition,theteamspiritwillbedisplayed.ScarecrowFestivalsBasicInformationDurrowScarecrowFestival2022will____54____forninedays.DurrowScarecrowFestival2022____55____ascarecrowcompetition,traditionalgames,andcharitableactivities.HistoryTheEgyptiansmadescarecrowsto____56____theirfieldsfromhungrybirds3,000yearsago.TheEnglandscarecrowfestivalstartedin1994.Therearemanyscarecrowfestivalsnow,attractingcountlessvisitors.____57____Theyhelpreleasepeople’screativitybyexperiencingDIYwithstraw.Theyhelpimprovethe____58____betweenneighbours.Theyhelpdisplaytheteamspirit.【答案】54.last55.includes56.protect57.Advantages58.relationship【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要向我們介紹稻草人節(jié)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)“DurrowScarecrow(稻草人)Festival2022willtakeplacefromJuly24thtoAugust1st!”可知，2022年杜羅稻草人節(jié)將于7月24日至8月1日舉行，節(jié)日持續(xù)9天，故填last?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)“Thewholecityisrunningascarecrowcompetitionandalltheworkswillbeshownduringthefestival.Thatwillbeninefulldaysoffamilyfriendlyfun,alongwithtraditionalgames,andcharitableactivities!”可知，整個城市都在舉辦稻草人比賽，所有的作品都將在節(jié)日期間展出，這將是整整九天的家庭友好的樂趣，連同傳統(tǒng)游戲，和慈善活動！所以活動包括稻草人比賽、傳統(tǒng)游戲和慈善活動。故填includes。【56題詳解】根據(jù)“Humanshaveusedscarecrowsaroundtheworldforover3,000years.ThefirstrecordeduseofscarecrowswasbytheEgyptianstoprotecttheirwheatfieldsalongtheNileRiver.Scarecrowsweremainlyusedtoscareawayhungrybirds.”可知，人類在世界各地使用稻草人已有3000多年的歷史。有記載的首次使用稻草人是埃及人用來保護(hù)尼羅河沿岸的麥田。稻草人主要用來嚇跑饑餓的鳥兒。所以是用稻草人來保護(hù)他們的田地不受饑餓鳥類的傷害。故填protect?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)表格右側(cè)內(nèi)容可知，介紹的是稻草人節(jié)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，advantage“優(yōu)點(diǎn)”，此處表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填A(yù)dvantages。【58題詳解】根據(jù)“Theyalsobecomeatalkingpointforneighbourswhohavenevermeteachotherbefore.”可知，它們也成為了從未謀面的鄰居們的話題。所以稻草人節(jié)提升了鄰里之間的關(guān)系，故填relationship。【無錫市華莊中學(xué)2022年中考英語二模試卷】六、閱讀填空先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。所填單詞必須寫在答題卡對應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。（本大題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）Overthepastbillionsofyears,manyanimalsandplantshavelivedonthisbeautifulplanet.Butabout99.9percentofthemdiedout.Thisisbecausetheycouldn’tadaptto（適應(yīng)）wheretheylived.Tosurvive,livingthingsmustchangeovertime.Thisiscalledevolution（進(jìn)化）.Whenreadingthisarticle,pleaserememberthateveryoneofusisaluckydog.Weevolve,andwesurvive!Afteryearsofevolution,nowwehavetheabilitiestoliveintheworldandenjoyit.Justlikehumans,otheranimalson-Earthalsoevolvegreatabilities.Forexample,giraffesliveonthegrasslandofAfrica.Toadapttolifethere,theyhaveevolvedlongerneckstoreachthehightrees,aswellaslongerlegstorunawayfromlionsandcheetahs（獵豹）.However,evolutionalsogivesgiraffesastrangehabit:Theyonlysleepforabout30minutesadayandlessthan5minutesatime,andtheysleepstanding!Whyaretheysowakeful?Well,that’sbecausetheyaresotall.Theyneedlongertimegettingoffthegroundandrun.Becauseofthisspecialsleepstyle,theywon’tbecomeeasymealsforothers.Asyousee,evolutionisn’talwaysperfect.Ithelpsanimalstolive,butitsometimesalsogivesthemwhattheydon’treallywant.Don’tfeelsorry.It’spartofnaturalselection（選擇）.Inordertosurvive,allofthisisnecessary.FactsAboutEvolutionWhyevolutionhappensHumansandotheranimalsonearthneedtoevolvegreatabilitiestoadopttothe____54____.Takegiraffesfor____55____Theyhaveevolvedlongernecksto____56____hightrees,aswellaslongerlegstorunawayfromdangerousanimals.Theyonlysleepforaveryshorttimeandtheysleepstanding,ortheywillbeeatenbyothers____57____.WhetherrevolutionisperfectEvolutionisn’talwaysperfect.Ontheonehand,ithelpsanimalstolive.Ontheotherhand,itsometimescannotjust____58____theirneed.【答案】54.environment55.example56.reach57.easily58.satisfy【解析】本文主要介紹了進(jìn)化，進(jìn)化不總是完美的。它有助于動物生存，但是有時也會給它們不想要的東西?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)“Thisisbecausetheycouldn’tadaptto（適應(yīng)）wheretheylived.Tosurvive,livingthingsmustchangeovertime.Thisiscalledevolution.”可知，人類和地球上的其他動物需要進(jìn)化出強(qiáng)大的能力來適應(yīng)環(huán)境。故填environment?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)“Forexample,giraffesliveonthegrasslandofAfrica.”可知，這里是拿長頸鹿作為例子，take…forexample表示“拿……作為例子”。故填example?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)“Toadapttolifethere,theyhaveevolvedlongerneckstoreachthehightrees”可知，它們進(jìn)化出了更長的脖子以達(dá)到高大的樹木。故填reach。

【57題詳解】根據(jù)“Theyonlysleepforabout30minutesadayandlessthan5minutesatime,andtheysleepstanding!Whyaretheysowakeful?Well,that’sbecausetheyaresotall.Theyneedlongertimegettingoffthegroundandrun.Becauseofthisspecialsleepstyle,theywon’tbecomeeasymealsforothers.”可知，它們只睡很短的時間，站著睡覺，否則很容易被別的動物吃掉。副詞“easily”修飾動詞“eat”。故填easily。【58題詳解】根據(jù)“Ithelpsanimalstolive,butitsometimesalsogivesthemwhattheydon’treallywant.”可知，不能滿足他們，satisfy意為“滿足”，can后跟動詞原形。故填satisfy。【無錫市惠山區(qū)八校2022年中考英語一模試題】七、閱讀填空（本大題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）Scientistsarenotaloneinthefightagainstthevirus,asvariousproductsandappsaregivingthemahand.Herearesomeexamples.Drones(無人機(jī))Droneshaveplayedamajorroleindisinfection(消毒).Policeofficersalsousethemtospreadthelatestinformation.What'smore,theyusedronestoremindpeopletowearmasksorwarnthemnottogatherinlargegroups.RobotsRobotsaregoodhelpersonthefrontlines.Theydomanytasksinhospitals,includingsendingmedicineormeals,doingdisinfectionandmeasuringpatients'bodytemperature.Thisnotonlygreatlyreducestheburdenformedicalworkers,butalsopreventsthecross-infection(交叉感染).Mini-programmesDifferentmini-programmes,orappsthatyoudon'tneedtodownloadbutcanuseonWechat,havealsocometohelp.Forexample,youcancheckwhetheryouhaveunknowinglytravelledalongsideinfectedpatients.Communityworkerscancollectinformationaboutpeoplemoreeasilywiththehelpofmini-programmes.HealthQRcodes(健康碼)Peopleinmorethan100citiescangettheirownhealthQRcodesbyapplyingthroughAlipayorWechat.Thisway,theydon'thavetofillininformationliketheirnames,agesandlivingaddressesoverandoveragainwhentheyenterpublicplaces.Title:___74___JoinstheFightDrones＞Theyplayamajorroleindisinfection.＞Theyareusedbypoliceofficerstotellpeople___75___todo.Robots＞Theyhelpmedicalworkersdomuchwork.＞Theyhelpreducethe___76___ofcross-infection.Mini-programmes＞Theyareusedtocheckifthereareanyinfectedpatientsnearyou.＞Theymakeit___77___forcommunityworkerstocollectinformation.HealthQRcodesByapplyinghealthQRcodes,peopledon'thavetofillintheir___78___informationoverandoveragainwhenenteringpublicplaces.【答案】74.Technology75.what76.risk/possibility77.easier78.personal【解析】在抗擊病毒的戰(zhàn)斗中，科學(xué)家并不是唯一一個參與到對抗病毒的斗爭中來的人，各種科技產(chǎn)品和應(yīng)用程序都在幫助他們。本篇介紹無人機(jī)、機(jī)器人、微型程序、健康QR代碼等各種科技產(chǎn)品和應(yīng)用程序在對抗病毒中的作用?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)文中“Scientistsarenotaloneinthefightagainstthevirus,asvariousproductsandappsaregivingthemahandDrones…Robots…Mini-programmes…HealthQRcodes”無人機(jī)、機(jī)器人、微型程序、健康QR代碼等各種科技產(chǎn)品和應(yīng)用程序都在幫助科學(xué)家對抗病毒；由此推斷空格處指科技產(chǎn)品加入到對抗病毒的斗爭中；空格是句子的主語，判斷填名詞，technology科技，名詞，故答案為Technology?！?5題詳解】判斷空格填疑問詞，與不定式構(gòu)成“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)做動詞賓語；根據(jù)第二段“What'smore,theyusedronestoremindpeopletowearmasksorwarnthemnottogatherinlargegroups.”可知無人機(jī)提醒人們戴口罩或警告他們不要聚集在一個大的群體，即告訴人們該做什么；故答案為what?！?6題詳解】空格在定冠詞后面，判斷填名詞；根據(jù)第三段“Thisnotonlygreatlyreducestheburdenformedicalworkers,butalsopreventsthecross-infection”這不僅大大減輕了醫(yī)務(wù)人員的負(fù)擔(dān)，而且防止了交叉感染，即降低交叉感染的風(fēng)險/可能；risk風(fēng)險，名詞；possibility可能，名詞；故答案為risk/possibility【77題詳解】makesth+adj使……狀態(tài)，由此判斷空格填形容詞；根據(jù)第四段“Communityworkerscancollectinformationaboutpeoplemoreeasilywiththehelpofmini-programmes”社區(qū)工作者可以通過小型項(xiàng)目更容易地收集人們的信息，由此可知空格指小程序使社區(qū)工作者更容易收集信息；easier更容易，形容詞比較級；故答案為easier。【78題詳解】空格在形容詞性物主代詞后面，判斷填名詞；根據(jù)第五段“Thisway,theydon'thavetofillininformationliketheirnames,agesandlivingaddressesoverandoveragainwhentheyenterpublicplaces”他們進(jìn)入公共場所時就不必一遍又一遍地填寫姓名、年齡和居住地址等信息，可知空格處指人們不必一遍又一遍地填寫個人信息；personal個人的，形容詞；故答案為personal?！军c(diǎn)睛】本篇為任務(wù)型閱讀，完成表格。要求在理解文本信息的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)材料提供的直接信息或推理、提煉后的間接信息完成題目要求的任務(wù)。解答時要通讀全文，在原文中定位空格前后的關(guān)鍵詞，確定空格缺的信息；再根據(jù)語法（詞性、時態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)、主賓格等）、固定搭配、日常用語、語境等，確定空格的正確形式。題1是句子的主語，填名詞；題2、4根據(jù)固定搭配“疑問詞+不定式”和makesth+adj解答；解答完，要復(fù)讀文章，結(jié)合題意和文后提供的任務(wù)信息，認(rèn)真核實(shí)任務(wù)以保證答題正確?！緹o錫市蠡園中學(xué)2022年中考英語二模試卷】六、閱讀填空（本大題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）先通讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。所填單詞必須寫在答題卷對應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只能填一個單詞。Mostofushaveneverthoughtaboutbuildinganeducationaltoybyourselves.Ifweneedalearningtoyorsomething,wesimplygototheneareststoreandbuyit.However,thingsarenotaseasyinthirdworldcountries.Withfamiliesevenhavingnofoodtoputonthetable,buyingtoys,especiallytheeducationalones,isthelastthingontheparents’minds.Sohowcanonegetthesekidsinterestedinscience?ThiswasaquestionthatworriedtheIndianengineerArvindGuptasomuchthathedecidedtogiveupagoodjobandspendhislifemakingtoysfromthingsthatpeoplenolongerwantorneed!Mr.Guptabeganteachinginthe1970s.WhilestillanengineeringstudentattheIndianCollegeofTechnology,hevolu