2024北京東城區(qū)高二（上）期末英語試題和答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京東城高二（上）期末英語2024.1本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，共36分)第一節(jié)選詞填空(共11小題;每小題1分，共11分)A請(qǐng)用方框中所給的單詞或短語完成句子，并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。accompanydemonstrateevaluatebreakdowninchargeofinturn1.HeputSteve______________theresearchteam.2.Kenagreedto______________meonatriptoAfrica.3.Ican’t______________hisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork.4.Listenup!Pleasecomeup______________tocollectyourbooks.5.Letme______________toyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.6.Asmilecan______________barriers.B請(qǐng)用方框中所給單詞的正確形式完成句子，并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。comfortscienceentireanxietymotivate7.Iadmititwas______________myfault.8.Heseemed______________aboutthecomingexam.9.Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks______________.10.Iwasso______________andwarminbedsothatIdidn’twanttogetup.11.Weshouldadoptamore______________approachinthefutureresearch.第二節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。LastSeptember,Sarah,44,slippedonaplatformand____12____inthegapbetweenatrainandtheplatformedge.Whenthetrainleftthestation,itranoverherrightarmandleg.Unfortunately,anothertrainpulledin,causingfurther____13____.Afewminuteslater,someonenoticedherandcalledemergencyservices.They____14____tothesceneandtookSarahtothehospital,butdoctorswere____15____tosaveherarmandleg.____16____,Sarahisnowtheworld’sfirstwomantousea￡250.00bionic(仿生)arm____17____byAI.“It’shardtoexplainbutwhenIthinkabouta____18____—say‘openmyhand’—mymusclestwitch(顫動(dòng))inaparticularway.Thesensorsinitwill____19____thesetwitches,andsendsignalstomakemyhandwork.Andifit____20____thefactthatIpointmyfingeroften,itwilllearnthatIliketodothatandmakeiteasierformetodoso,”saidSarah.InFebruary,SarahreturnedtoworkandafewmonthslatersheattendedaconferenceinRometogiveaspeechabouttheaccident.“Idomissmyselfbeforetheaccident.Butattheendoftheday,I’mjust____21____thatAIcangivemeapieceofmylifeback.IknowIamblessedtobeabletokeepmovingforwardwithmyfamily.”12.A.fell B.jumped C.stood D.filled13.A.changes B.worries C.injuries D.failures14.A.moved B.turned C.walked D.rushed15.A.uncertain B.unable C.patient D.eager16.A.Naturally B.Normally C.Obviously D.Luckily17.A.powered B.developed C.graded D.treated18.A.pattern B.signal C.movement D.moment19.A.protect B.detect C.,connect D.reflect20.A.caresabout B.talksabout C.figuresout D.pointsout21.A.hopeful B.grateful C.concerned D.amused第三節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。YuanLongpingrealisedthatlargerfieldswerenotthesolution.Instead,farmersneededtoboostyieldsinthefieldstheyhad.Howthiscouldbedonewasa____22____(challenge)questionatthetime.Yuanwasconvincedthattheanswercouldbefoundinthecreationofhybridrice.Onecharacteristicofhybridsis____23____theyusuallyattainahigheryieldthanconventionalcrops.However,____24____itwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself-pollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Sarek’smountainsusedtobecoveredbyvastsheetsofice.Around9,000yearsago,thisicemelted,____25____(leave)behindabout100glaciers.Soonafter,reindeerbegantoarrive.FollowingthereindeerweretheSamipeople,whomadethisterritorytheirhome.Gettinghereisquitedifficult,____26____apartfromtheSamiveryfewpeoplehaveeverseenSarek.In1909,Sarekwasmadeanationalparkinordertokeepthelandinitsnaturalstate.ThoughtheSamiareallowedtocontinuetheirtraditionalwayoflifeinthepark,nooneelsecanlivehere,andallnewdevelopment____27____(ban)withinparkboundaries.Atthefarsideofthevalley,anancientSamicottageisvisible.Closeby,thereareafewreindeer____28____(feed)ongrass.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。InNewYork,longtimeKunquartistsandstudentsareworkingtogethertopassdowntheancienttraditionalformfromgeneration____29____generation,andKunqusocieties____30____(be)activeinthecityforover30years.Andrecently,theseKunquOperaartists,youngandold,stagedaperformanceattheBigApple____31____(celebrate)the35thanniversaryoftheKunquSocietyofNewYork,anonprofitcultureandartsorganization.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共11小題;每小題2分，共22分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAmishCountryisoneofOhio’smostbeautifulplaces.Inadditiontogoodfoodandshopping,youcanalsolearnaboutAmishhistoryandexperiencetheirculturethroughAmishhometoursandbuggyrides.abuggyrideAmishHeartlandToursIfyouwouldliketolearnaboutAmishlifeandculturewhileenjoyingatourofthebeautyofAmishcountry,AmishHeartlandTourscanmakeithappen,offeringbuggyrides,custombustours,andspecial“Backroad”experienceswithmealsinthehomesoftheAmishpeople.Youwilllearnabouttheday-to-daylifeoftheAmishfromexperiencedtourguidesandthelocalpeoplethemselves.Tourslastbetween1to3hoursdependingonyourchoiceofdestinationandactivities.Yoder’sAmishHomeIfyouoryourschoolgroupwouldliketolearnmoreaboutthelifeoftheAmish,atriptoYoder’sAmishHomemightbeperfectforyou.Withguidedtoursofthehouse,property,andsoon,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryandlifestyleoftheAmishupclose.Pettheanimalsintheoldbarn,learnalittleGermanandmeettheirAmishteacherintheirone-roomschoolhouse,takearideinarealAmishbuggy,andenjoyasweettreatfromtheirbakery!Toursareledbylocalguidesandlastabout40minutes.Troyer’sAmishToursExperiencetheAmishCountrywithapersonalized,andcustomtouch.Troyer’sAmishToursoffersseveraltoursincluding2and3-hourexperiences,dinnerinAmishhomes,aswellasspecialevents.Allofthetoursaretailor-madewithadvancenotice.Forthemostmemorableexperience,usetheironlinecontactformstoplanyourvisitinadvance.AmishHeritageToursAmishHeritageToursoffersseasonallythemedtoursincludingmanyofthebestthingstodoinAmishCountry,withonetomulti-dayexperiencesincludingpick-upfromyourhotel,dinner,shopping,areatheatre,andmuseums.Planyourvisitonlineinadvance.Theirwebsiteofferssampleitinerariesforeachtourtomakeyourstayrewardingandunforgettable.32.Whichtourisintendedforschoolchildren?A.AmishHeartlandTours. B.Yoder’sAmishHome.C.Troyer’sAmishTours. D.AmishHeritageTours.33.WhatisspecialaboutTroyer’sAmishtour?A.Itpresentsseasonallythemedtours. B.ItfeaturesrealAmishbuggyrides.C.Itprovidesamuseumexperience. D.Itmeetsindividualizedneeds.34.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Topromotetours. B.Tointroducetravelservices.C.Tohighlightalifestyle. D.Tocelebratethelocalculture.BAsyouleavetheBandhavgarhNationalParkinIndia,thereisanoticewhichshowsahugetiger.Thenoticesays,“Youmaynothaveseenme,butIhaveseenyou.”TherearemorethanabillionpeopleinIndiaandIndiantigersprobablyseehumanseverysingleday.Tigerscananddokillalmostanythingtheymeetinthejungle.However,itisalittlestrangethatattacksonhumansarenotthatfrequent.Somepeoplemightarguethattheseattackswereinfactcommoninthepast.Buttherewerefarmoretigersaroundinthosedays.So,tosomeextent,attacksappeartohavebeenasrarethenastheyaretoday.Peoplethinkitisbecauseoffears,butwhatexactlyaretigersafraidof?Cantheyreallyknowthatwemaybeevenbetterarmedthantheyare?Surelynot.Hasthespeciesprogrammedtheexperiencesofalltigerswithhumansintoitsgenestobeinheritedasinstinct?Perhaps.ButIthinktheexplanationmaybesimplerand,inaway,moreinteresting.Isuspectthatatiger’sfearofhumansliesinthewayheactuallyobservesusvisually.Imagineatigerseesamanwhois1.8meterstall.Atigerislessthan1metertallbuthemaybeupto3meterslongfromheadtotail.Sowhenatigerseesthemanfaceon,itmightnotbeunreasonableforhimtoassumethatthemanis6meterslong.Ifhemetadeerofthissize,hemightattacktheanimalbyleapingonitsback,butwhenhelooksbehindtheman,hecan’tseeaback.Fromthefrontthemanishuge,butlookedatfromthesideheallbutdisappears.Thismustbeverydisturbing.Ahunterhastobeconfidentthatitcankillitsprey,andnooneisconfidentwhentheyaredisconcerted.Theoppositeistrueofasquattinghuman.Asquattinghumanishalfthesizeandpresentstwicethespreadofback,andappearslikeamedium-sizeddeer.Manyincidentsofattacksonpeopleinvolvevillagersbendingovertocutgrass.Thefactthathumansstanduprightmaynotjustdistinguishthemfromotherspecies,butalsohelpthemtosurviveinanunpredictableenvironment.35.Asforsomepeople’sopinionontigerattacks,theauthoris________.A.objective B.unconcerned C.supportive D.disapproving36.WhydoestheauthorraisethreequestionsinParagraph3?A.Topresentassumptions. B.Toevaluatearguments.C.Toquestionfindings. D.Toconfirmopinions.37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disconcerted”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Confused. B.Annoyed. C.Depressed. D.Surprised.38.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itisthegenesthatcausethetiger’sfearofhumans.B.Itishardforatigertomakeouttheshapeofhumans.C.Tigerssensethedangerthemomenttheyspothumans.D.Tigersarelessconfidentwhenfacingsquattinghumans.CThinkofthewordsinyourhead:thattastelessjokeyouwiselykepttoyourselfatdinner;yourunvoicedimpressionofyourbestfriend’snewpartner.Nowimaginethatsomeonecouldlistenin.Recently,scientistsfromtheUniversityofTexas,havemadeanotherstepinthatdirection.InastudypublishedinNeuroscience,theteamshoweditwaspossibletoreadpeople’sthoughtswithanon-invasivebrainscannercalledfMRIandlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)builtwithGPT.Thestudycenteredonthreesubjects,wholayinanfMRIscannerrecordingtheirbrainactivitybydetectingchangesinbloodflowinpartsoftheirbrainswhiletheylistenedtoonlinestories.ByintegratingthisinformationwiththeLLMs’abilitytounderstandhowwordsrelatetooneanother,theresearchersdevelopedanencoded(編碼的)mapofhoweachindividual’sbrainrespondstodifferentwords.Then,theteamworkedbackward.TheyrecordedthefMRIactivitywhiletheparticipantslistenedtoanewstory.UsingacombinationofthepatternspreviouslyencodedforeachindividualandLLMs,theresearchersattemptedtotranslatethisnewbrainactivity.Whilemanyofthesentencesitproducedwereinaccurate,thedecodergeneratedsentencesthatgotthemainideaofwhatthepersonwasthinking.Forinstance,whenapersonheard,“Idon’thavemydriver’slicenseyet,”thedecoderspatout,“Shehasnotevenstartedtolearntodriveyet.”AlexHuthfromtheuniversitysaid,“Wewereshockedandimpressedthatthisworkedaswellasitdoes.”Theresearchersalsofoundthatthetechnologyisn’tone-size-fits-all.Eachdecoderwasquitepersonalizedandworkedonlyforthepersonwhosebraindatahadhelpedbuildit.Additionally,apersonhadtovoluntarilycooperateforthedecodertoidentifyideas.Ifapersonwasn’tpayingattentiontoanaudiostory,thedecodercouldn’tpickthatstoryupfrombrainsignals.Whilethetechnologywasstillfarfromperfect,theresultcouldultimatelyleadtoseamlessdevicesthathelppeoplewhocan’ttalkorotherwisecommunicateeasily.However,theresearchalsoraisesprivacyconcernsaboutunwelcomeneuraloverhearing.Theteamsaidthepotentialofthetechnologywassuchthatpolicymakersshouldproactivelyaddresshowitcanbelegallyused.JerryTangfromtheteamsaid,“Nobody’sbrainshouldbedecodedwithouttheirpermission.Ifonedayitdoesbecomepossibletogetaccuratedecodingwithoutaperson’swill,we’llhavearegulatoryfoundationinplace.”39.Whatisthestudymainlyabout?A.Theworkingprincipleofasmartscanner.B.Thepotentialimpactofmind-readingGPT.C.Theadvanceinbrain-decodingtechnology.D.Thebreakthroughinlargelanguagemodels.40.Howdidtheteamworkbackward?A.Theyfedthedecoderdataonpeople’sbrainactivities.B.Theyemployedthescannertoencodepeople’sthoughts.C.TheyrecordedthefMRIactivitytoassessthinkingability.D.Theyusedbrainactivitypatternstoreadthesubjects’mind.41.Whatdidtheresearchersfind?A.Thedecoderworkedasexpected.B.Thedecodercangetthewordingright.C.Thedecoderrequiredwillingparticipation.D.Thedecodercanbeappliedtodifferentpeople.42.Whatwilltheteammostprobablydonext?A.Personalizethetechnology. B.Establishproperregulations.C.Applythetechnologyacrossfields. D.Breaklimitationsofthetechnology.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。MicrogreenFarmingMicrogreenshavebeenusedincookingsincethe1980s.____43____Chefsnowrealizetheyalsoaddflavorandvisualappealwhenincludedinalltypesofdishesandrecipes.Aswithmostvegetables,itallstartswithseeds.Butinsteadofallowingtheplanttogrowtoitsfullpotential,microgreensarecreatedwhentheplantisharvestedshortlyafteritstartstogrow.Theresultisastrongflavorandaningredientthatpacksavarietyofnutrientsandhealthbenefitsinatiny,deliciouspackage.TheJournalofAgriculturalandFoodChemistrystatesthatmicrogreenshaveincreasedlevelsofvitaminsE,CandK.____44____Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofusingmicrogreensindishesisthattheyprovideanintenseexperiencethatwillimprovetheoverallflavorofanydish.Manychefsusethemtoadddepthofflavorandtocreatecomplexflavor.Anotherbenefitofmicrogreensistheconveniencefactor—theyareincrediblyeasytocookwith!____45____Youjustputthemontoyourmealssuchassoups,sandwiches,salads,etc.Microgreensaretheultimatehealthyconveniencefood!____46____Itisusuallyreadyforharvestinonly6-7daysandoffersaspicyradishtaste.Theresultisadishthatnotonlytasteswonderfulbutoffersavisualappealthatsatisfiestheeyesandisincrediblynutritious!Traditionalplantsrequireanextendedamountoftimeandlargeamountsofland.____47____Theyrequireverylittlephysicaleffortandarereadyforharvestinaslittleasoneweek.Inaddition,growingmicrogreensdoesn’trequirealotofspace,andistypicallydoneindoorswithaverticalsetup.Sowhynotgiveitashot?A.Microgreens,ontheotherhand,areeasy!B.Theywereinitiallyusedasaformofdecoration.C.Thereisnoprepandcuttingworkaswithmostvegetables.D.Theyhaveasmuchas40timesmorenutrientsthanamatureplant.E.Onepopularformofmicrogreensisamixofpurpleandgreenradish.F.Somebeginnersliketostartwithafamiliarplant,suchasradish,cabbage,orpeas.G.Maturetraditionalvegetablesaregenerallyharvested2to4monthsaftertheyareplanted.第三部分書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第48、49題各2分，第50題3分，第51題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。KieranBehanwasjustaboy,maybe6yearsold,whenhefellinlovewithgymnastics,butthatwasbeforeaseriesofinjuries,twososeverethatdoctorstoldhimhewouldneverwalkagain.YetBehan,pushedon.“Doctorstoldme,‘stopthinkingaboutyourcrazydreamsandyoumustacceptthatit’soverforyou,’”Behansaid.“ButIjustkeptsaying:‘No,no,no—thisisnottherestofmylife.Thisisnothowit’sgoingtoplayout.’Andlookatmenow,anOlympian.Theysaiditwasimpossible,butIdidit.”KieranBehanstartedgymnasticswhenhewas8.Butsooncamethefirstofmanyblows:duringalegoperation,adoctor’smistakecausedaseverenervedamagethatleftBehanwithlimitedfeelinginhisleftfoot.Doctorstoldhimtopreparehimselfforlifeinawheelchair.Theywerewrong.Althoughittook15months,Behanwentbacktogymnastics.Buteightmonthsafterhereturnedfromhisleginjury,disasterhitagain.Hehitthebackofhisheadduringtraining.TheaccidentcausedabraininjurywhichaffectedhisbalancesomuchthateventheslightestmovementcouldcauseBehantofaint.Mearlytwoyearsafternon-stopphysicaltherapy,KieranBehandidwhathedidbest:hepickedhimselfupagain.Hesaidhecouldnotlivewithoutgymnasticsandneverdoubtedhewouldbeback.Finally,in2012,hisdeterminationbegantopayoff.HisexcellentperformanceattheOlympictesteventqualifiedhimfortheGames.“IfeltlikeIwasinafairytale,”hesaidoftheLondonGames.“AllIcouldthinkaboutwas:‘Isthisadream?Tellmethisisreallyhappening.’”Eventhoughbedidnotenteranyoftheeventfinals,Behanneverlostheartandperseveredtomakeitforthe2016OlympicGamesatRiodeJaneiro.Behanhopeshistalemightinspireotherstoovercomehardship,whetheritisinsports,atworkorathome.Still,hestruggledtoexplainwhyhehasbeensounbeatable.“Ithinkit’sprobablyjustinmyblood,”hesaid.“Iwasjustborntodothis.”48.WhathappenedduringBehan’slegoperation?________________________________________________________________49.InwhatwaydidBehan’sbraininjuryinfluencehim?________________________________________________________________50.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.BecauseofBehan’sdetermination,hewonatthefinalsintheLondonGames.________________________________________________________________51.DoyouthinkBehanisagreatathlete?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout40words)________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)52.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華。近期，英國交換生將在你校進(jìn)行為期兩周的交流。你打算邀請(qǐng)你校英籍外教Jim給負(fù)責(zé)接待的同學(xué)們做一個(gè)講座，主題是如何與交換生得體相處。請(qǐng)你用英文寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)；2.建議講座的主要內(nèi)容。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，共36分)第一節(jié)選詞填空(共11小題;每小題1分，共11分)【答案】1.inchargeof2.accompany3.evaluate4.inturn5.demonstrate6.breakdown【1題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：他讓史蒂夫負(fù)責(zé)研究小組。根據(jù)“theresearchteam”以及句意“負(fù)責(zé)”可知應(yīng)填inchargeof，故填inchargeof。【2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：肯答應(yīng)陪我去非洲旅行。根據(jù)“meonatriptoAfrica”以及句意“陪伴”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞accompany，此處為不定式作賓語。故填accompany?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：沒有看到他的工作，我無法評(píng)估他的能力。根據(jù)“hisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork”以及句意“評(píng)估”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞evaluate，且can’t后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填evaluate?！?題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：聽好了！請(qǐng)依次上來取書。根據(jù)“tocollectyourbooks”以及句意“依次”可知應(yīng)填短語inturn，故填inturn?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：讓我向你說明我們面臨的一些困難。根據(jù)“toyousomeofthedifficulties”以及句意“說明”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞demonstrate，此處為句型letsb.dosth.。故填demonstrate?！?題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：微笑可以打破障礙。根據(jù)“barriers”以及句意“打破”可知應(yīng)填短語breakdown，且can后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填breakdown。【答案】7.entirely8.anxious9.motivation10.comfortable11.scientific【7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我承認(rèn)這完全是我的錯(cuò)。根據(jù)“myfault”以及句意“完全”可知應(yīng)填副詞entirely，修飾動(dòng)詞。故填entirely?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他似乎對(duì)即將到來的考試感到焦慮。根據(jù)“aboutthecomingexam”以及句意“焦慮”可知應(yīng)填形容詞anxious，作表語。故填anxious?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他很聰明，但缺乏動(dòng)力。根據(jù)“Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks”以及句意“動(dòng)力”可知應(yīng)填名詞motivation，作賓語，表抽象概念不可數(shù)。故填motivation?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我在床上很舒服，很溫暖，所以我不想起床。根據(jù)“andwarminbed”以及句意“舒服”可知應(yīng)填形容詞comfortable，作表語。故填comfortable?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在今后的研究中，我們應(yīng)該采取更加科學(xué)的方法。根據(jù)“inthefutureresearch”以及句意“科學(xué)的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞scientific，作定語修飾名詞approach。故填scientific。第二節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B16.D17.A18.C19.B20.C21.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了莎拉在一次事故中失去了胳膊和腿，幸運(yùn)地是她得到了一條人工智能仿生手臂，這讓她能夠恢復(fù)部分正常生活。【12題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：去年9月，44歲的莎拉在站臺(tái)上滑倒，掉進(jìn)了火車和站臺(tái)邊緣之間的空隙里。A.fell落下；B.jumped跳躍；C.stood站立；D.filled裝滿。根據(jù)后文“inthegapbetweenatrainandtheplatformedge”可知，莎拉在站臺(tái)上滑倒，掉進(jìn)了火車和站臺(tái)邊緣之間的空隙里。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，另一列火車進(jìn)站了，造成了進(jìn)一步損傷。A.changes改變；B.worries擔(dān)心；C.injuries受傷；D.failures失敗。根據(jù)上文“Whenthetrainleftthestation,itranoverherrightarmandleg.(火車離開車站時(shí)，碾過了她的右臂和右腿)”可知，本來已經(jīng)受傷，不幸的是，另一列火車進(jìn)站了，造成了進(jìn)一步損傷。故選C。【14題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們趕忙趕到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，把莎拉送到醫(yī)院，但是醫(yī)生無法挽救她的胳膊和腿。A.moved移動(dòng)；B.turned轉(zhuǎn)彎；C.walked散步；D.rushed急忙。根據(jù)后文“tothesceneandtookSarahtothehospital”可知，人們趕忙趕到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，把莎拉送到醫(yī)院，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們趕忙趕到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，把莎拉送到醫(yī)院，但是醫(yī)生無法挽救她的胳膊和腿。A.uncertain不確定的；B.unable無能的；C.patient耐心的；D.eager渴望的。根據(jù)后文“usea￡25000bionicarm”可知，醫(yī)生無法挽救莎拉的胳膊和腿。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，莎拉現(xiàn)在是世界上第一位使用價(jià)值2.5萬英鎊的人工智能仿生手臂的女性。A.Naturally自然地；B.Normally正常地；C.Obviously顯然地；D.Luckily幸運(yùn)地。根據(jù)后文“usea￡25000bionicarm”可知，莎拉得到了仿生手臂，是幸運(yùn)地。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，莎拉現(xiàn)在是世界上第一位使用價(jià)值2.5萬英鎊的人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的仿生手臂的女性。A.powered激勵(lì)，以……為動(dòng)力；B.developed發(fā)展；C.graded分級(jí)；D.treated對(duì)待。根據(jù)上文“bionicarm”可知，這條仿生手臂是由人工智能為動(dòng)力的，故選A。【18題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“這很難解釋，但當(dāng)我想到一個(gè)動(dòng)作——比如‘張開我的手’——我的肌肉就會(huì)以一種特定的方式抽搐。A.pattern模式；B.signal信號(hào)；C.movement動(dòng)作，活動(dòng)；D.moment時(shí)刻。根據(jù)后文“openmyhand”指想到動(dòng)作，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：里面的傳感器會(huì)檢測(cè)到這些抽搐，然后發(fā)送信號(hào)讓我的手動(dòng)起來。A.protect保護(hù)；B.detect查明，檢測(cè)；C.connect連接；D.reflect反思。根據(jù)上文“Thesensorsinitwill”指手臂里的傳感器會(huì)檢測(cè)到這些抽搐，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：莎拉說：“如果它發(fā)現(xiàn)我經(jīng)常用手指指東西，它就會(huì)知道我喜歡這樣做，并讓我更容易這樣做?！盇.caresabout關(guān)心；B.talksabout談?wù)?；C.figuresout弄清楚；D.pointsout指出。根據(jù)后文“thefactthatIpointmyfingeroften”指手臂弄清楚了使用者愛用手指指東西的事實(shí)，就會(huì)讓使用者更容易這么做。故選C。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候，我很感激人工智能能把我生活的一部分還給我。A.hopeful有希望的；B.grateful感謝的；C.concerned擔(dān)心的；D.amused覺得好笑的。根據(jù)后文“AIcangivemeapieceofmylifeback”可知，人工智能幫助莎拉恢復(fù)了部分正常生活，莎拉很感激。故選B。第三節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】22.challenging23.that24.whether【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了袁隆平開發(fā)雜交水稻的經(jīng)過?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：如何做到這一點(diǎn)在當(dāng)時(shí)是一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的問題。修飾名詞question應(yīng)用形容詞challenging，作定語。故填challenging?！?3題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：雜交作物的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是它們的產(chǎn)量通常比傳統(tǒng)作物高。引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句不缺少成分，句意完整，故填that?！?4題詳解】考查主語從句。句意：然而，是否有可能開發(fā)出像水稻這樣的自花授粉植物的雜交品種，這是一個(gè)充滿爭(zhēng)議的問題。引導(dǎo)主語從句，不缺少成分，表示“是否”應(yīng)用whether，if不能放在句首。故填whether?！敬鸢浮?5.leaving26.so27.isbanned28.feeding【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了沙瑞克被設(shè)立為國家公園的歷史和特色。【25題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：大約9000年前，這些冰融化了，留下了大約100個(gè)冰川。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知leave與上文句子構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故填leaving?！?6題詳解】考查連詞。句意：到達(dá)這里非常困難，所以除了薩米人，很少有人見過沙瑞克。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為因果關(guān)系，表示“所以”應(yīng)用連詞so。故填so。【27題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：雖然薩米人被允許在公園里繼續(xù)他們的傳統(tǒng)生活方式，但其他人不能住在這里，而且在公園邊界內(nèi)禁止任何新的開發(fā)。主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)上文“ThoughtheSamiareallowed”可知為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為allnewdevelopment，謂語用單數(shù)。故填isbanned?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：不遠(yuǎn)處，有幾只在吃草的馴鹿。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知feed與邏輯主語reindeer構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填feeding?！敬鸢浮?9.to30.havebeen31.tocelebrate【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了最近紐約上演了一場(chǎng)表演，慶祝紐約昆曲協(xié)會(huì)成立35周年。紐約昆曲協(xié)會(huì)是一個(gè)非營(yíng)利性的文化和藝術(shù)組織?！?9題詳解】考查介詞。句意：在紐約，長(zhǎng)期的昆曲藝術(shù)家和學(xué)生們正在共同努力，將這一古老的傳統(tǒng)形式一代一代地傳承下去，昆曲社團(tuán)在這座城市已經(jīng)活躍了30多年。結(jié)合句意表示“一代一代”可知短語為fromgenerationtogeneration。故填to?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在紐約，長(zhǎng)期的昆曲藝術(shù)家和學(xué)生們正在共同努力，將這一古老的傳統(tǒng)形式一代一代地傳承下去，昆曲社團(tuán)在這座城市已經(jīng)活躍了30多年。根據(jù)后文forover30years可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語為Kunqusocieties，助動(dòng)詞用have。故填havebeen?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：最近，這些昆曲藝術(shù)家，無論老少，在紐約上演了一場(chǎng)表演，慶祝紐約昆曲協(xié)會(huì)成立35周年。紐約昆曲協(xié)會(huì)是一個(gè)非營(yíng)利性的文化和藝術(shù)組織。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知celebrate在句中作目的狀語，應(yīng)用不定式。故填tocelebrate。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共11小題;每小題2分，共22分)【答案】32.B33.D34.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹阿米什鄉(xiāng)村的一些旅游行程?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Yoder’sAmishHome中“IfyouoryourschoolgroupwouldliketolearnmoreaboutthelifeoftheAmish,atriptoYoder’sAmishHomemightbeperfectforyou.Withguidedtoursofthehouse,property,andsoon,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryandlifestyleoftheAmishupclose.(如果你或你的學(xué)校小組想了解更多關(guān)于阿米什人的生活，去約德的阿米什之家旅行可能是你的完美選擇。在導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下參觀房屋、房產(chǎn)等，您將近距離了解阿米什人的歷史和生活方式。)”可知，Yoder’sAmishHome行程是為在校兒童設(shè)計(jì)的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Troyer’sAmishTours中“ExperiencetheAmishCountrywithapersonalized,andcustomtouch.(以個(gè)性化和定制的方式體驗(yàn)阿米什鄉(xiāng)村。)”可知，Troyer’sAmishTours滿足游客的個(gè)性化需求。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“AmishCountryisoneofOhio’smostbeautifulplaces.Inadditiontogoodfoodandshopping,youcanalsolearnaboutAmishhistoryandexperiencetheirculturethroughAmishhometoursandbuggyrides.(阿米什鄉(xiāng)村是俄亥俄州最美麗的地方之一。除了美食和購物，你還可以通過阿米什人的家庭旅游和乘坐童車了解阿米什歷史和體驗(yàn)他們的文化。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介紹阿米什鄉(xiāng)村的一些旅游行程，所以本文的目的是為了推廣旅游。故選A項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?5.D36.A37.A38.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要就老虎襲擊人的原因展開討論，作者認(rèn)為老虎攻擊人是因?yàn)楹茈y辨認(rèn)出人的形狀?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Somepeoplemightarguethattheseattackswereinfactcommoninthepast.Buttherewerefarmoretigersaroundinthosedays.So,tosomeextent,attacksappeartohavebeenasrarethenastheyaretoday.(有些人可能會(huì)爭(zhēng)辯說，這些攻擊實(shí)際上在過去很常見。但那時(shí)候老虎的數(shù)量要多得多。因此，從某種程度上說，襲擊事件在當(dāng)時(shí)和今天一樣罕見)”可知，對(duì)于一些人對(duì)老虎襲擊的看法，作者不贊成。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Peoplethinkitisbecauseoffears,butwhatexactlyaretigersafraidof?Cantheyreallyknowthatwemaybeevenbetterarmedthantheyare?Surelynot.Hasthespeciesprogrammedtheexperiencesofalltigerswithhumansintoitsgenestobeinheritedasinstinct?Perhaps.ButIthinktheexplanationmaybesimplerand,inaway,moreinteresting.(人們認(rèn)為這是因?yàn)榭謶?，但老虎到底害怕什么？他們真的知道我們的武器裝備比他們更好嗎？當(dāng)然不是。這個(gè)物種是否將所有老虎與人類相處的經(jīng)歷編入了自己的基因，并作為本能遺傳了下來？也許。但我認(rèn)為解釋可能更簡(jiǎn)單，在某種程度上也更有趣)”可推知，作者在第3段提出了三個(gè)問題是為了提出假設(shè)。故選A。【37題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Ahunterhastobeconfidentthatitcankillitsprey,andnooneisconfidentwhentheyare”可知，獵人必須對(duì)自己能殺死獵物充滿信心，而沒有人在對(duì)獵物感到困惑時(shí)是自信的。故劃線詞意思是“困惑的”。故選A?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Isuspectthatatiger’sfearofhumansliesinthewayheactuallyobservesusvisually.Imagineatigerseesamanwhois1.8meterstall.Atigerislessthan1metertallbuthemaybeupto3meterslongfromheadtotail.Sowhenatigerseesthemanfaceon,itmightnotbeunreasonableforhimtoassumethatthemanis6meterslong.Ifhemetadeerofthissize,hemightattacktheanimalbyleapingonitsback,butwhenhelooksbehindtheman,hecan’tseeaback.(我懷疑老虎對(duì)人類的恐懼來自于它觀察人類的視覺方式。想象一只老虎看到一個(gè)1.8米高的人。老虎不到1米高，但從頭到尾可達(dá)3米長(zhǎng)。因此，當(dāng)老虎看到這個(gè)人的臉時(shí)，它可能會(huì)認(rèn)為這個(gè)人有6米長(zhǎng)。如果他遇到這么大的鹿，他可能會(huì)跳到它的背上攻擊它，但當(dāng)他看那個(gè)人的背后時(shí)，他看不到背影)”以及最后一段“Theoppositeistrueofasquattinghuman.Asquattinghumanishalfthesizeandpresentstwicethespreadofback,andappearslikeamedium-sizeddeer.(而蹲著的人則相反。一個(gè)蹲著的人只有一半的大小，兩倍的背部伸展，看起來像一只中等大小的鹿)”可知，老虎很難辨認(rèn)出人的形狀。故選B。【答案】39.C40.D41.C42.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了得克薩斯大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們?cè)谝环菅芯恐斜砻魍ㄟ^將功能性磁共振成像和用GPT建造的大型語言模型相結(jié)合，讀取人們內(nèi)心想法成為可能，但這項(xiàng)技術(shù)還不成熟，并且涉及隱私問題。【39題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“InastudypublishedinNeuroscience,theteamshoweditwaspossibletoreadpeople’sthoughtswithanon-invasivebrainscannercalledfMRIandlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)builtwithGPT.(在《神經(jīng)科學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究中，該團(tuán)隊(duì)表明，使用一種名為功能性磁共振成