2025年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)之代詞

第1頁（共1頁）2025年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)之代詞一．選擇題（共16小題）1．（2024?北辰區(qū)校級模擬）Thelatestreportmade______clearthatclimatechangewillinfluencethepoorestcountriesmoststrongly.（）A．one B．what C．it D．this2．（2024?天津模擬）Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter﹣schoolactivitiesarehappierthanwhoarenot.（）A．ones B．those C．that D．them3．（2024?河西區(qū)三模）Shedidn'tunderstandwhyIpaidarepairmanwhenmybrotherwoulddoitfor．（）A．nothing B．a(chǎn)nything C．everything D．something4．（2024?和平區(qū)模擬）Educationreformhassweptacrossschools，bringingwith__________newopportunitiesforstudentstodevelopinanall﹣roundway．（）A．one B．it C．them D．those5．（2024?濱海新區(qū)三模）ThenetworkofChina'shigh﹣speedtrainismuchlongerthan______inJapan.（）A．one B．that C．it D．this6．（2024?天津模擬）Itiscommonlybelievedthatthequalityofeducationinbigcitiesisbetterthaninruralareas，whichisoneofthereasonswhymoreandmorepeoplearemovingtoliveinbigcities.（）A．this B．it C．that D．one7．（2024?南開區(qū)模擬）NowthepriceofgoodsontheInternetischeaperthan______inthemarket.（）A．it B．those C．that D．these8．（2024?泰安一模）—Isit________mobilephone？—No，itisn't.________isleftintheoffice.（）A．you；I B．your；My C．yours；Mine D．your；Mine9．（2024?青島一模）Ourteachersandparentswillbeproudofusbecausewehavegrownupandcanberesponsiblefor.（）A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves D．us10．（2023?河南一模）Ifyouseethingsinanegativelight，youwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally________．（）A．none B．some C．many D．nothing11．（2023?北辰區(qū)模擬）﹣﹣﹣Oh，MyEnglishnovelismissing.﹣﹣﹣IsawTomleavingwith______，butIamnotsurewhetheryourswasincluded.（）A．one B．it C．some D．that12．（2023?東麗區(qū)校級模擬）It'sreportedthatmanycouplesinthiscountryagedfrom30to35think_________challengingtogivebirthtoasecondchild.（）A．that B．it C．themselves D．this13．（2022?河?xùn)|區(qū)一模）I'mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan______inthecity．（）A．ones B．one C．that D．those14．（2022?寧河區(qū)校級模擬）Mr.Zhanggavememanyvaluablepresents，_______thatIhadneverseen.（）A．ones B．one C．those D．theones15．（2022?河西區(qū)校級一模）Thelittleboyboughttwoball﹣pens，writingwell.（）A．noneofthem B．noneofwhich C．neitherofthem D．neitherofwhich16．（2022?和平區(qū)校級二模）—Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates？—Mostofthemarekind，but______issogoodtomeasBruce.（）A．none B．noone C．everyone D．someone二．完形填空（共1小題）17．（2023?東城區(qū)校級模擬）MywifeandIusuallydon'tkeephouseplants.Anythinginpotsgetseitheroverwateredorunderwatered.Butaftermydiagnosiswithabraincancer，Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethinggreenand（1）aroundus.Lastyear，myfriendMitchgavemealuckybambooplant.Tendingtotheplantgavemeasenseof（2）atatimewhenIsometimesfeltuselessbecausemyabilitytomovewaslimited.Asaphysician，Iwasusedtobeingtheonewho（3）care.Wateringtheplant（4）metoacorepartofmyoldidentityandtaughtmeIcouldstillbeacaregiver.However，afterseveralweeksgrowinginperfectcondition，theplant（5）begantoshowsignsofstress.NomatterwhatIdid，theleaveskept（6）anddroppingtothefloor."Ican'tevencareforasimpleplant!"Iyelled."Ifmyluckybamboodies，Imightdietoo!"Identifyingwiththegreenandgrowingplanthadofferedmecomfort.Butwhenthetreewasstruggling，Ifeltincreasinglyuneasyand（7）.ItwasseveralmonthslaterwhenIrecoveredfromsurgerythatIrealizedIhadwronglylinkedmycarefulnurturingoftheplant—somethingoverwhichIhadatleastsomecontrol—withmyown（8）—somethingoverwhichIhadnocontrol.Asmy（9）lessened，Ibegantostudyonlinetutorialstofigureouthowtocareforthetree.Itransplantedittoalargerpot，andwhenitwasbackinthesunnywindow，webothbegantothrive（旺盛）again.NowwheneverIlookatthetreeinitsnewpot，ImakeapointtorelaxandthinkofthethingsIcan（10）.（1）A．a(chǎn)liveB．primitiveC．delicateD．mature（2）A．warmthB．reliefC．a(chǎn)chievementD．security（3）A．valuedB．neededC．providedD．lacked（4）A．a(chǎn)ddedB．connectedC．a(chǎn)daptedD．compared（5）A．casuallyB．interestinglyC．genuinelyD．mysteriously（6）A．spreadingB．browningC．wavingD．dancing（7）A．fearfulB．innocentC．faithfulD．dishonest（8）A．dreamB．successC．capabilityD．survival（9）A．discontentB．a(chǎn)nxietyC．doubtD．sympathy（10）A．giveB．shareC．decideD．preserve三．閱讀理解（共3小題）18．（2023?雨花區(qū)校級一模）Fromrollinghillstomountainranges，viewsmakeanyroadtripmemorable，butforblindpassengerthisispartoftheexperiencetheymiss.MotorcompanyFordtriestochangethat.ItteamedupwithGTBRomaandAedoProject—todevelopatechnologythatwillgivethoseunfortunatepassengersawaytofeelnature'sbeautythroughtheircarwindows.Theprototype（原型）ofthesmartcarwindowhasadevicewithanoutside﹣facingcamera.Withjustapressofabutton，thesystemtakesapictureofthecurrentview.ThecolorfulpictureisthenturnedintoanimagewithdifferentshadesofgreythroughLEDlights，whichvibrates（震動）differently.Asthefingerpassesoverdifferentregionsoftheimage，itsshakingmovementsprovidefeedbackthroughthesenseoftouchtothepersonusingit.ThesmartwindowalsocomeswithavoiceassistantthatusesAItoidentifythesceneandhelpthepassengersgetinformationonwhatthey'reseeing."Astheprototypestartedtakingshape，werealizedweweregivingbirthtoacompletelynewlanguagethatwouldgiveblindpeopleanewchancetovisualizeandexperiencetraveling，"FedericoRusso，onedirectorofGTBRoma，said."Whentheideawasatitsfirststage，welookedforsuppliersallaroundtheworldtomakeitcometolife."Hebelievesthetechnologycanbeemployednotjustincars."Itcouldbeintroducedintoschoolsandinstitutionsforblindpeopleasatoolthatcouldbeusedinmultipleways."ThetechnologymayshowupinaFordautonomousvehicle.It'sknownthatthecompanyistestingtheirtechnologyandfuturebusinessmodelandstrugglingtofigureouthowanautonomousvehiclegivesdifferentpassengersthedetailsneededtogetfromonedestinationtoanother.It'sunclearwhenthistechnologywillbemadeavailable.However，theideaofbuildingsomethingforthelessadvantagedisindeedakindandinfluentialaction.（1）Howdoesthesmartcarwindowwork？A．Bychangingshadesofcolors.B．Byrecordingtheviewwithacamera.C．Byclassifyingshakingmovements.D．Bytranslatingsceneryintovibrations.（2）WhatdoesFedericoRussosayaboutthetechnology？A．Itwillhavewideapplication.B．Itwillbetestedacrosstheworld.C．Itwillbeusedinschoolsfirst.D．Itwillunderstandmanylanguages.（3）WhatdifficultyisFordfacing？A．Developingautonomouscars.B．Exploringtheirfuturebusinessmodel.C．Providingrouteinformation.D．Applyingthetechnologytoeverydaylife.（4）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A．AI﹣basedWindowAddsFuntoRoadTrips.B．SmartWindowLetsBlindPassengersFeelViews.C．TechnologyMakestheBlind'sTripEnjoyable.D．FordDevelopsaSystemfortheBlindtoDrive.19．（2023?山東一模）Whatdefinesus？Ifpressed，Iwouldanswerthatifthereisanypartofmethatsitsatmycore，thensurelyitmustbemymoralcenter，mydeep﹣seatedsenseofrightandwrong.AndIoftenfeelthatI'maslightlydifferentpersonineachlanguageIspeak—moredeterminedinEnglish，morerelaxedinFrench，andmoreemotionalinCzech.Isitpossiblethat，alongwiththesedifferences，mymoralguidelinesalsopointinsomewhatdifferentdirectionsdependingonthelanguageI'musing？InaresearchledbyAlbertCosta，volunteerswerepresentedwithamoraldilemmaknownasthe"trainproblem"：Imaginethatatrainischargingatfivepeoplestandingonthetrack，unabletomove.Theonlywaytostopthetrainandsparethefivepeopleispushanotherstrangeroffafootbridgeintoitspath.Costaandhiscolleaguesfoundthatposingthedilemmainalanguagethatvolunteershadlearnedasforeigntonguedramaticallyincreasedtheirwillingnesstopushthesacrificialpersonoffthefootbridge，fromfewerthan20%respondentsusingtheirnativelanguagetoabout50%ofthoseusingtheforeignone.InanotherresearchconductedbyJanetGreipel，volunteersreadactsthatmanypeoplefindimmoral，suchasstorieswheresomeonecookedandatehisdogafterithadbeenKeadbycar.Thosewhoreadthestoriesinaforeignlanguageperceivedtheseactionslesswrongthanthosewhoreadthemintheirnativetongue.Thedifferenceinthisjudgmentcomesdowntotwoseparateandcompetingthinkingpatterns—oneofthese，aquickanddirectfeeling，andtheother，carefuldeliberationaboutthegreatestgoodforthelargestnumber.Whenweuseaforeignlanguage，weunconsciouslysinkintothemoredeliberatemodesimplybecausetheeffortofoperatinginourno﹣nativelanguageactivatesourcognitiveSystem.Thisissimilartofindingsthatreadingmathproblemsinahard﹣to﹣readtypeface（字體）makespeoplelesslikelytomakecarelessmistakes（1）Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs？A．Heinveststimeinstudyinglanguage.B．Heperceiveslanguagesdifferslightly.C．Heignorestheroleofmoralconcepts.D．Hethinkslanguagesrelatetomorals.（2）Howdidtheauthorprovehisviewpoint？A．Bycarefullycitingexamples.B．Bycollectingandlistingdata.C．Byconductingexperiments.D．Byanalyzingpeople'shabits.（3）Whyare"mathproblems"mentioned？A．Tojustifyathinkingpattern.B．Topresentanewfinding.C．Toclarifythecognitivesystem.D．Towarnagainstmakingmistakes.（4）What'sasuitabletitleforthepassage？A．Morality.TheCoreofPeopleB．Languages：InsightsintoJudgmentsC．Languages：AShapingPowertoMoralityD．Morality：ANewWaytoLearnLanguages20．（2023?浙江模擬）Onthedayhealmostdied，KimbalMuskhadfoodonthebrain.TheInternetstartuptalentandrestaurateurhadjustarrivedinJacksonHolefromaconferencewherechefJamieOliverhadspokenaboutthebenefitsofhealthyeating.ThiswassomethingMuskthoughtaboutalot﹣howhemightmakeadifferencetothefoodindustry—butbeyondexpandinghisfarm﹣to﹣tablemovementalongwithhisrestaurant，Muskhadn'tyetbrokenthecode.Thenhewentsailingdownasnowyslope（坡）andfellover，breakinghisneck.Theleftsideofhisbodywasparalyzed.Muskeventuallymadeafullrecovery，butitinvolvedspendingtwomonthsonhisback，whichgavehimplentyoftimetocomeupwithaplan.Sincethen，hehaslaunchedaninitiativetoput"learninggardens"inpublicschoolsacrossAmerica；attractedGenerationZtothefarmingprofessionbychangingshippingcontainersintohigh﹣tech，data﹣driven，year﹣roundfarms；andthisyear，iskickingoffanewcampaigntocreateonemillionat﹣homegardens.Aimedatreachinglow﹣incomefamilies，theMillionGardensMovementwasinspiredbythepandemic，asbothadesiretofeelmoreconnectedtonatureandfoodinsecurityhavebeenattheforefrontofsomanypeople'slives."Weweregettingalotofinquiriesaboutgardeningfrompeoplethathadnevergardenedbefore，"saysMusk."Peoplewerelookingtogardenforabunchofreasons：tosupplementtheirbudget，toimprovethenutritionalqualityoftheirdiets，orjusttocuretheboredomthatcamewiththelockdown."Theprogramoffersfreegardenkitsthatcanbegrownindoorsoroutdoors，andwillbedistributedthroughschoolsthatMusk'snon﹣profit，BigGreen，hasalreadypartneredwith.Italsooffersfreecoursesonhowtogetthegardengrowingandfreshseedsandmaterialsforthechanginggrowingseasons."IgrewupintheprojectswhenIwasyoung，inwhatwenowcallfooddeserts，"saysEVE，oneofthemanycelebritieswhohaveteamedupwiththeorganizationtoencouragepeopletopickupafreegarden."WhatIloveaboutthisisthatit'snotdifficult.Weareallabletogrowsomething."（1）WhatinspiredMusktobedevotedtofoodindustry？A．Anaccident.B．JamieOliver'sspeech.C．Thepandemic.D．Thefarm﹣to﹣tablemovement.（2）WhatcanwelearnabouttheMillionGardensMovement？A．Ithasmainlyattractedyounggenerations.B．Ithasjustaccomplisheditstarget.C．Itmaybestimulatedbyalackoffoodsecurity.D．Itincreaseseconomicburdensforthepoor.（3）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMusk？A．Charitable.B．Honest.C．Flexible.D．Strict.（4）WhyisEVEtakenasanexample？A．Todemonstratetheprogramtobenon﹣profit.B．Tosharehisexperienceinafooddesert.C．Toencouragepeopletostartafreegarden.D．Toclarifythereasonwhyhelovesagarden.

2025年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)之代詞參考答案與試題解析一．選擇題（共16小題）1．（2024?北辰區(qū)校級模擬）Thelatestreportmade______clearthatclimatechangewillinfluencethepoorestcountriesmoststrongly.（）A．one B．what C．it D．this【分析】最新的報告明確指出，氣候變化將對最貧窮的國家產(chǎn)生最強烈的影響?！窘獯稹緼.one一個；B.what什么；C.it它；D.this這個。"thatclimatechangewillinfluencethepoorestcountriesmoststrongly"是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作made的賓語，空格處用it作形式賓語。故選：C?！军c評】it可以用來代替this或that，指代前面提到的物，或猜測中不確定的人，或指時間、距離、環(huán)境、天氣等，以避免重復(fù)使用代詞或者需要使用代詞的地方出現(xiàn)語義上的混淆。2．（2024?天津模擬）Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter﹣schoolactivitiesarehappierthanwhoarenot.（）A．ones B．those C．that D．them【分析】一項研究表明，參加課外活動的學(xué)生比不參加的學(xué)生更快樂?！窘獯稹糠治鼍渥映煞挚芍颂幹复衔膖hestudents，且后跟定語，應(yīng)用those。故選：B?！军c評】本題考查不定代詞的用法。單項選擇題考查內(nèi)容廣泛，涉及詞匯、語法、習(xí)語、日常用語等。在有限的題量中注意知識的覆蓋面，設(shè)計特定的語境綜合考查學(xué)生在一定語境中運用語言知識的能力。3．（2024?河西區(qū)三模）Shedidn'tunderstandwhyIpaidarepairmanwhenmybrotherwoulddoitfor．（）A．nothing B．a(chǎn)nything C．everything D．something【分析】她不明白為什么我弟弟可以免費做的事情我卻要花錢雇一個修理工去做．【解答】答案：A考查不定代詞．連詞when引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示雖然、盡管．why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，雖然我的弟弟可以（免費）做，我卻花錢雇傭修理工去做，paidarepairman對應(yīng)了doitfornothing．A符合語境．故選：A．【點評】本題考查不定代詞．熟記不定代詞的含義及用法，結(jié)合語境作出正確選擇．4．（2024?和平區(qū)模擬）Educationreformhassweptacrossschools，bringingwith__________newopportunitiesforstudentstodevelopinanall﹣roundway．（）A．one B．it C．them D．those【分析】教育改革席卷學(xué)校，給學(xué)生帶來了全面發(fā)展的新機遇．【解答】根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里使用it指代上文的Educationreform，it代指同類同物；one是泛指可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，them它們；those指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)．故選：B?！军c評】人稱代詞是用來指代人、動物或事物的代詞．它必須在人稱（第一人稱、第二人稱、及第三人稱）、數(shù)（單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)）以及性（陰性、陽性、中性）三方面與被指代的名詞一致．5．（2024?濱海新區(qū)三模）ThenetworkofChina'shigh﹣speedtrainismuchlongerthan______inJapan.（）A．one B．that C．it D．this【分析】中國的高速列車網(wǎng)絡(luò)比日本的要長得多?！窘獯稹縯his這個；that作指示代詞，指代前文提到的同類事物；而"it"只能作代詞，指上文提到的同類事物。one作代詞，指前文提到的同類事物的一個，但不是上文提到的那一個事物。此處指前文提到的高速列車網(wǎng)絡(luò)，應(yīng)用that指代。故選：B?！军c評】考查指示代詞。做題時，結(jié)合句意和選項，選擇合適的代詞填空。6．（2024?天津模擬）Itiscommonlybelievedthatthequalityofeducationinbigcitiesisbetterthaninruralareas，whichisoneofthereasonswhymoreandmorepeoplearemovingtoliveinbigcities.（）A．this B．it C．that D．one【分析】人們普遍認為，大城市的教育質(zhì)量比農(nóng)村地區(qū)好，這也是越來越多的人搬到大城市生活的原因之一。【解答】A．this這個；B．it它；C．that那個，指代上文提到的同類事物；D．one一個。結(jié)合句意，人們普遍認為，大城市的教育質(zhì)量比農(nóng)村地區(qū)好，這也是越來越多的人搬到大城市生活的原因之一。設(shè)空處指代thequalityofeducation，用that代替。故選：C。【點評】考查代詞。做題時，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合句意，選擇合適的代詞。7．（2024?南開區(qū)模擬）NowthepriceofgoodsontheInternetischeaperthan______inthemarket.（）A．it B．those C．that D．these【分析】現(xiàn)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的商品價格比市場上的便宜?！窘獯稹緼．it它；B．those那些；C．that那個，上文提到的某個事物；D．these這些。結(jié)合句意，現(xiàn)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的商品價格比市場上的便宜。設(shè)空處指代前文提到的theprice，應(yīng)用that指代。故選：C?！军c評】做題時，分析句子，結(jié)合句意和選項，選擇合適的內(nèi)容填空。8．（2024?泰安一模）—Isit________mobilephone？—No，itisn't.________isleftintheoffice.（）A．you；I B．your；My C．yours；Mine D．your；Mine【分析】﹣﹣是你的手機嗎？﹣﹣不，不是。我的留在辦公室了?！窘獯稹康谝豢沼眯稳菰~性物主代詞修飾mobilephone，your是形容詞性物主代詞，yours是名詞性物主代詞，因此第一空是your；第二空要用名詞性物主代詞mine，表示"我的"，相當(dāng)于mymobilephone。故選：D?！军c評】考查代詞詞義辨析，弄清楚各個代詞的含義并區(qū)別各個代詞之間的差異，了解某些代詞的特殊用法，然后結(jié)合語境選擇正確答案。9．（2024?青島一模）Ourteachersandparentswillbeproudofusbecausewehavegrownupandcanberesponsiblefor.（）A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves D．us【分析】我們的老師和父母會為我們感到驕傲，因為我們已經(jīng)長大了，可以對自己負責(zé)。【解答】主語和賓語為同一個人，用反身代詞oneself作賓語；本句主語為we，故賓語為ourselves。B項正確。故選：B。【點評】考查代詞詞義辨析，弄清楚各個代詞的含義并區(qū)別各個代詞之間的差異，了解某些代詞的特殊用法，然后結(jié)合語境選擇正確答案。10．（2023?河南一模）Ifyouseethingsinanegativelight，youwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally________．（）A．none B．some C．many D．nothing【分析】如果你用消極的眼光看待事物，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)到處都是錯誤，而實際上根本就沒有問題．【解答】考查不定代詞的用法．none無，沒有；some若干；一些；many許多；nothing什么都沒有；一點兒都沒有．根據(jù)句意，A項正確．none暗示一種數(shù)量，即指數(shù)量上"一個也沒有"．nothing指物，一般用來回答含anything的一般問句及what引起的特殊疑問句．故選：A?！军c評】本題考查不定代詞的用法．不定代詞的應(yīng)用是高中英語考查的重點，熟記每個代詞的用法，注意每個代詞之間用法含義上的不同．解題時結(jié)合語境具體分析，選擇正確答案．11．（2023?北辰區(qū)模擬）﹣﹣﹣Oh，MyEnglishnovelismissing.﹣﹣﹣IsawTomleavingwith______，butIamnotsurewhetheryourswasincluded.（）A．one B．it C．some D．that【分析】﹣﹣我的英語小說不見了。﹣﹣我看見湯姆帶著一些英語小說離開了，但是我不確定你的是不是在里面。【解答】A.one一個人（或事物），（用于代替名詞，指代某類明確的人或事物）；B.it它（上文中所提到的人或事）C.some一些；D.that那個（指代上文中所提到的不可數(shù)名詞或者可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）。本句中的some代替復(fù)數(shù)形式someEnglishnovels，因為后面有whetheryourswasincluded，可知他帶走的應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)形式。故C正確。故選：C?！军c評】首先，分析選項的詞義，再結(jié)合句意選出正確的答案。12．（2023?東麗區(qū)校級模擬）It'sreportedthatmanycouplesinthiscountryagedfrom30to35think_________challengingtogivebirthtoasecondchild.（）A．that B．it C．themselves D．this【分析】據(jù)報道，該國許多年齡在30歲至35歲之間的夫婦認為生二胎具有挑戰(zhàn)性。【解答】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查固定句型：主語+v+it+adj+todo，其中it為形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的不定式。故選：B?！军c評】it的用法是高中英語較常見的考點，尤其是it作形式主語/賓語的用法，平時注意積累，做題時仔細分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷it的作用。13．（2022?河?xùn)|區(qū)一模）I'mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan______inthecity．（）A．ones B．one C．that D．those【分析】我將搬到農(nóng)村去因為那兒的空氣比城里的更新鮮．【解答】解答：C考查指示代詞用法．one與that雖可用來指代同名異物，但one為泛指，相當(dāng)于a/an+名詞；that為特指，相當(dāng)于the+名詞．此處應(yīng)是theair，故選C．a(chǎn)ir是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能用復(fù)數(shù)代詞代替，排除A、D項復(fù)數(shù)形式．【點評】解答此類問題，要弄清楚各個代詞的詞義及用法，根據(jù)題意及上下文選擇最合適的答案．14．（2022?寧河區(qū)校級模擬）Mr.Zhanggavememanyvaluablepresents，_______thatIhadneverseen.（）A．ones B．one C．those D．theones【分析】張先生給了我許多貴重的禮物，這些禮物都是我從未見過的。【解答】一般來說，one代表前面有不定冠詞的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，ones代表前面無定冠詞的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（前面總帶有形容詞作定語，不能單獨使用），those代表前面有定冠詞的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，theones特指前面出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于the+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于those。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作前面復(fù)數(shù)名詞presents的同位語，所以用復(fù)數(shù)代詞，泛指張先生送的一類禮物，所以用代詞ones。故選：A?！军c評】考查指示代詞，弄清楚各個指示代詞的含義及用法，準確地翻譯句子，然后根據(jù)題意選擇最符合題意的答案。15．（2022?河西區(qū)校級一模）Thelittleboyboughttwoball﹣pens，writingwell.（）A．noneofthem B．noneofwhich C．neitherofthem D．neitherofwhich【分析】這個小男孩買了兩支圓珠筆，但它們都不好寫。【解答】句意：這個小男孩買了兩支圓珠筆，但它們都不好寫。根據(jù)上文twoball﹣pens可知表示"兩者都不"應(yīng)用neitherof；noneof用于三者及以上；此處用逗號與主句分開，但與主句沒有使用任何連接詞，為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，后面用代詞them。故選：C。【點評】不定代詞，是英語語法術(shù)語，在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語。不定代詞是不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞。16．（2022?和平區(qū)校級二模）—Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates？—Mostofthemarekind，but______issogoodtomeasBruce.（）A．none B．noone C．everyone D．someone【分析】﹣你覺得你的新同學(xué)怎么樣？﹣他們大多數(shù)人都很善良，但沒有人對我像布魯斯那樣好?！窘獯稹緼．none沒有一個；毫無；B．noone沒有人；沒有任何人；C．everyone每個人；D．someone某人。none往往暗示有一定的范圍，即指在特定范圍內(nèi)沒有一個人，而noone則不暗示這種范圍。結(jié)合句意，A符合語意。故選：A。【點評】做題時，分析句子，結(jié)合句意和選項做出判斷。二．完形填空（共1小題）17．（2023?東城區(qū)校級模擬）MywifeandIusuallydon'tkeephouseplants.Anythinginpotsgetseitheroverwateredorunderwatered.Butaftermydiagnosiswithabraincancer，Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethinggreenand（1）Aaroundus.Lastyear，myfriendMitchgavemealuckybambooplant.Tendingtotheplantgavemeasenseof（2）CatatimewhenIsometimesfeltuselessbecausemyabilitytomovewaslimited.Asaphysician，Iwasusedtobeingtheonewho（3）Ccare.Wateringtheplant（4）BmetoacorepartofmyoldidentityandtaughtmeIcouldstillbeacaregiver.However，afterseveralweeksgrowinginperfectcondition，theplant（5）Dbegantoshowsignsofstress.NomatterwhatIdid，theleaveskept（6）Banddroppingtothefloor."Ican'tevencareforasimpleplant!"Iyelled."Ifmyluckybamboodies，Imightdietoo!"Identifyingwiththegreenandgrowingplanthadofferedmecomfort.Butwhenthetreewasstruggling，Ifeltincreasinglyuneasyand（7）A.ItwasseveralmonthslaterwhenIrecoveredfromsurgerythatIrealizedIhadwronglylinkedmycarefulnurturingoftheplant—somethingoverwhichIhadatleastsomecontrol—withmyown（8）D—somethingoverwhichIhadnocontrol.Asmy（9）Blessened，Ibegantostudyonlinetutorialstofigureouthowtocareforthetree.Itransplantedittoalargerpot，andwhenitwasbackinthesunnywindow，webothbegantothrive（旺盛）again.NowwheneverIlookatthetreeinitsnewpot，ImakeapointtorelaxandthinkofthethingsIcan（10）C.（1）A．a(chǎn)liveB．primitiveC．delicateD．mature（2）A．warmthB．reliefC．a(chǎn)chievementD．security（3）A．valuedB．neededC．providedD．lacked（4）A．a(chǎn)ddedB．connectedC．a(chǎn)daptedD．compared（5）A．casuallyB．interestinglyC．genuinelyD．mysteriously（6）A．spreadingB．browningC．wavingD．dancing（7）A．fearfulB．innocentC．faithfulD．dishonest（8）A．dreamB．successC．capabilityD．survival（9）A．discontentB．a(chǎn)nxietyC．doubtD．sympathy（10）A．giveB．shareC．decideD．preserve【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了得了腦癌之后，作者開始養(yǎng)綠植，結(jié)果因為自己的焦慮讓葉子開始變黃，作者意識到了自己的錯誤觀念，減輕了焦慮，綠植也恢復(fù)了健康。【解答】（1）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.alive有生命的，活著的；B.primitive原始的；C.delicate柔和的；D.mature成熟的。句意：但是在我被診斷出患有腦癌之后，我喜歡我們周圍有綠色和有生命的東西的想法。根據(jù)后文"Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethinggreenand"指綠色有生命的東西，故選A。（2）考查名詞及語境理解。A.warmth溫暖；B.relief安慰；C.achievement成就；D.security安全。句意：照顧這棵植物給了我一種成就感，因為我有時會因為行動能力有限而感到無用。根據(jù)后文"atatimewhenIsometimesfeltuselessbecausemyabilitytomovewaslimited"可知，作者有時會因為行動能力有限而感到無用，所以照顧這棵植物給了自己一種成就感，故選C。（3）考查動詞及語境理解。A.valued重視；B.needed需要；C.provided提供；D.lacked缺少。句意：作為一名醫(yī)生，我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了提供護理。根據(jù)后文"Icouldstillbeacaregiver"指提供護理，故選C。（4）考查動詞及語境理解。A.added增加；B.connected聯(lián)系；C.adapted改編；D.compared比較。句意：給植物澆水讓我想起了我過去身份的一個核心部分，并讓我知道我仍然可以成為一名照顧者。根據(jù)后文"metoacorepartofmyoldidentityandtaughtmeIcouldstillbeacaregiver"可知，給植物澆水讓作者想起了過去身份的核心部分，connectsb.to表示"將……與聯(lián)系"。故選B。（5）考查副詞及語境理解。A.casually隨意地；B.interestingly有趣地；C.genuinely真誠地；D.mysteriously難以理解地，神秘地。句意：然而，在完美的條件下生長了幾個星期后，植物難以理解地開始顯示出壓力的跡象。根據(jù)后文"NomatterwhatIdid，theleaveskept"植物開始掉葉子，可知，作者也不知為何植物難以理解地開始顯示出壓力的跡象。故選D。（6）考查動詞及語境理解。A.spreading傳播；B.browning褐變；C.waving揮舞；D.dancing舞蹈。句意：不管我怎么做，葉子還是變黃掉到地上。根據(jù)后文"anddroppingtothefloor"指葉子變黃掉到地上。故選B。（7）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.fearful害怕的；B.innocent無辜的；C.faithful忠實的；D.dishonest不誠實的。句意：但當(dāng)樹掙扎時，我感到越來越不安和恐懼。根據(jù)上文"Ifeltincreasinglyuneasyand"可知，樹的狀態(tài)讓作者感到不安和害怕。故選A。（8）考查名詞及語境理解。A.dream夢想；B.success成功；C.capability能力；D.survival幸存。句意：幾個月后，當(dāng)我從手術(shù)中恢復(fù)過來時，我意識到我錯誤地把我對植物的精心培育——我至少還能控制的事情﹣﹣﹣和我自己的生存﹣﹣﹣我無法控制的事情聯(lián)系在一起。結(jié)合上文可知作者得了癌癥，所以是生存是無法控制的事情。故選D。（9）考查名詞及語境理解。A.discontent不滿足；B.anxiety焦慮；C.doubt懷疑；D.sympathy同情。句意：隨著我的焦慮減輕，我開始學(xué)習(xí)在線教程，弄清楚如何照顧這棵樹。根據(jù)上文"IrealizedIhadwronglylinkedmycarefulnurturingoftheplant"可知，作者明白了其中的道理，焦慮也減輕了。故選B。（10）考查動詞及語境理解。A.give給予；B.share分享；C.decide決定；D.preserve保護。句意：現(xiàn)在，每當(dāng)我看著新花盆里的樹，我就會放松下來，想想我能決定的事情。呼應(yīng)上文"somethingoverwhichIhadatleastsomecontrol"指作者開始思考自己能夠控制決定的事情。故選C?！军c評】做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。選擇答案時，要考慮整個句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時態(tài)、語法等。答案全部填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢了，用詞得當(dāng)，意思正確。三．閱讀理解（共3小題）18．（2023?雨花區(qū)校級一模）Fromrollinghillstomountainranges，viewsmakeanyroadtripmemorable，butforblindpassengerthisispartoftheexperiencetheymiss.MotorcompanyFordtriestochangethat.ItteamedupwithGTBRomaandAedoProject—todevelopatechnologythatwillgivethoseunfortunatepassengersawaytofeelnature'sbeautythroughtheircarwindows.Theprototype（原型）ofthesmartcarwindowhasadevicewithanoutside﹣facingcamera.Withjustapressofabutton，thesystemtakesapictureofthecurrentview.ThecolorfulpictureisthenturnedintoanimagewithdifferentshadesofgreythroughLEDlights，whichvibrates（震動）differently.Asthefingerpassesoverdifferentregionsoftheimage，itsshakingmovementsprovidefeedbackthroughthesenseoftouchtothepersonusingit.ThesmartwindowalsocomeswithavoiceassistantthatusesAItoidentifythesceneandhelpthepassengersgetinformationonwhatthey'reseeing."Astheprototypestartedtakingshape，werealizedweweregivingbirthtoacompletelynewlanguagethatwouldgiveblindpeopleanewchancetovisualizeandexperiencetraveling，"FedericoRusso，onedirectorofGTBRoma，said."Whentheideawasatitsfirststage，welookedforsuppliersallaroundtheworldtomakeitcometolife."Hebelievesthetechnologycanbeemployednotjustincars."Itcouldbeintroducedintoschoolsandinstitutionsforblindpeopleasatoolthatcouldbeusedinmultipleways."ThetechnologymayshowupinaFordautonomousvehicle.It'sknownthatthecompanyistestingtheirtechnologyandfuturebusinessmodelandstrugglingtofigureouthowanautonomousvehiclegivesdifferentpassengersthedetailsneededtogetfromonedestinationtoanother.It'sunclearwhenthistechnologywillbemadeavailable.However，theideaofbuildingsomethingforthelessadvantagedisindeedakindandinfluentialaction.（1）Howdoesthesmartcarwindowwork？DA．Bychangingshadesofcolors.B．Byrecordingtheviewwithacamera.C．Byclassifyingshakingmovements.D．Bytranslatingsceneryintovibrations.（2）WhatdoesFedericoRussosayaboutthetechnology？AA．Itwillhavewideapplication.B．Itwillbetestedacrosstheworld.C．Itwillbeusedinschoolsfirst.D．Itwillunderstandmanylanguages.（3）WhatdifficultyisFordfacing？CA．Developingautonomouscars.B．Exploringtheirfuturebusinessmodel.C．Providingrouteinformation.D．Applyingthetechnologytoeverydaylife.（4）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext？BA．AI﹣basedWindowAddsFuntoRoadTrips.B．SmartWindowLetsBlindPassengersFeelViews.C．TechnologyMakestheBlind'sTripEnjoyable.D．FordDevelopsaSystemfortheBlindtoDrive.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。福特公司聯(lián)合GTBRoma和AedoProject研發(fā)了一款智能車窗，幫助盲人感受旅途中的風(fēng)景，帶給盲人全新的旅行體驗?！窘獯稹浚?）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Theprototype（原型）ofthesmartcarwindowhasadevicewithanoutside﹣facingcamera.Withjustapressofabutton，thesystemtakesapictureofthecurrentview.ThecolorfulpictureisthenturnedintoanimagewithdifferentshadesofgreythroughLEDlights，whichvibrates（震動）differently.Asthefingerpassesoverdifferentregionsoftheimage，itsshakingmovementsprovidefeedbackthroughthesenseoftouchtothepersonusingit.（智能車窗的原型帶有一個面向外部的攝像頭。只需按下一個按鈕，系統(tǒng)就會為當(dāng)前視圖拍照。然后，彩色圖片通過不同振動的LED燈轉(zhuǎn)換成不同灰度的圖像。當(dāng)手指經(jīng)過圖像的不同區(qū)域時，它的晃動運動通過觸覺向使用者提供反饋。）可知智能車窗是通過將風(fēng)景轉(zhuǎn)化為振動來工作的。故選D。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的Hebelievesthetechnologycanbeemployednotjustincars（他認為，這項技術(shù)不僅可以應(yīng)用于汽車）和Itcouldbeintroducedintoschoolsandinstitutionsforblindpeopleasatoolthatcouldbeusedinmultipleways.（它可以被引入盲人學(xué)校和機構(gòu)，作為一種可以多種用途的工具。）可知，F(xiàn)edericoRusso認為，這項技術(shù)不僅可以應(yīng)用于汽車，還可以作為一種多用途的工具引入盲人學(xué)校和為盲人服務(wù)的機構(gòu)。由此可推知，F(xiàn)edericoRusso認為這項技術(shù)有廣泛的應(yīng)用價值。故選A。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的It'sknownthatthecompanyistestingtheirtechnologyandfuturebusinessmodelandstrugglingtofigureouthowanautonomousvehiclegivesdifferentpassengersthedetailsneededtogetfromonedestinationtoanother.（據(jù)悉，該公司正在測試他們的技術(shù)和未來的商業(yè)模式，并努力弄清楚自動駕駛汽車如何為不同的乘客提供從一個目的地到另一個目的地所需的細節(jié)。）可推知，福特面臨的困難是提供線路信息。故選C。（4）標題概括題。閱讀全文尤其是第一段內(nèi)容Fromrollinghillstomountainranges，viewsmakeanyroadtripmemorable，butforblindpassengerthisispartoftheexperiencetheymiss.MotorcompanyFordtriestochangethat.ItteamedupwithGTBRomaandAedoProject—todevelopatechnologythatwillgivethoseunfortunatepassengersawaytofeelnature'sbeautythroughtheircarwindows.（從連綿起伏的丘陵到山脈，沿途的景色讓任何一次公路旅行都令人難忘，但對