【創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】2021高考英語(yǔ)(廣東專用)大二輪總復(fù)習(xí)定時(shí)訓(xùn)練-1

定時(shí)訓(xùn)練(1)Ⅰ.專題特訓(xùn)(動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài))依據(jù)語(yǔ)境用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)填空。1.LookattheprideonTom'sface.He______(seem)tohavebeenpraisedbythemanagerjustnow.解析句意：看湯姆臉上驕傲的樣子，好像他剛才受到了經(jīng)理的表?yè)P(yáng)。設(shè)空處的seem(好像)表示現(xiàn)在的狀況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。本句還可改為：Itseemsthathewaspraisedbythemanagerjustnow.答案seems2．Themanagerwasworriedaboutthepressconferencehisassistant______(give)inhisplacebut，luckily，everythingwasgoingonsmoothly.解析句意：助理正在替經(jīng)理進(jìn)行新聞發(fā)布會(huì)，這使得經(jīng)理很擔(dān)憂，但幸運(yùn)的是，一切正在順當(dāng)進(jìn)行。依據(jù)題干中的wasworried及wasgoing可知設(shè)空處表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的狀況。答案wasgiving3．WhenIgotonthebus，I______(realize)Ihadleftmywalletathome.解析句意：當(dāng)我上了公共汽車的時(shí)候，我意識(shí)到我把錢包忘在家里了。題干在陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案realized4．Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty；thechildren________(eat)everything!解析句意：發(fā)覺(jué)冰箱空了她很吃驚，孩子們已經(jīng)吃光了一切！孩子們吃光冰箱里的東西發(fā)生在Shewassurprisedtofind...之前，即過(guò)去的過(guò)去，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案hadeaten5．Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials，therestofwhich______(save)forotherpurposes.解析句意：工廠用掉了65%的原材料，其余的留作他用。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，本句中的which指代rawmaterials，“therestof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與of后的名詞保持全都。rawmaterials與save之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填weresaved。答案weresaved6．One－thirdofthecountry______(cover)withtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensareblackpeople.解析句意：三分之一的國(guó)土被森林掩蓋，大多數(shù)的市民是黑人。“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要和of后面的名詞全都；thecountry為不行數(shù)名詞，且與cover之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填iscovered。答案iscovered7．ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI______(attend)sinceIcametothisschool.解析句意：這是自從我到這所學(xué)校以來(lái)參與過(guò)的最富有訓(xùn)練意義的演講。依據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is和從句sinceIcametothisschool可以推斷空格部分應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案haveattended8．Inthenearfuture，moreadvancesintherobottechnology______(make)byscientists.解析句意：在不久的將來(lái)，科學(xué)家們將會(huì)在機(jī)器人技術(shù)方面取得更大的進(jìn)步。依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Inthenearfuture可以確定該句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，而句子的主語(yǔ)moreadvances和make之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案willbemade9．Allvisitorstothisvillage______(treat)withkindness.解析句意：全部來(lái)這個(gè)村莊的游客都受到友好的款待。這里動(dòng)詞treat與句子主語(yǔ)allvisitors是規(guī)律上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；且依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知這里是敘述當(dāng)前的狀況，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。答案aretreated10．Whenyouarehome，giveacalltoletmeknowyou______(arrive)safely.解析句意：你到家時(shí)打個(gè)電話給我，讓我知道你已平安抵達(dá)。從語(yǔ)境看，在打電話時(shí)對(duì)方“已經(jīng)到達(dá)”，因此這里的賓語(yǔ)從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案havearrived11．ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune______(make)．解析句意：在澳大利亞發(fā)覺(jué)了金子，這使數(shù)以千計(jì)的人們認(rèn)為在那里可以發(fā)財(cái)。從語(yǔ)境中動(dòng)作的先后看可知，“在那里發(fā)財(cái)”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“發(fā)覺(jué)了金子”這一動(dòng)作后，且還未發(fā)生，因此makeafortune(發(fā)財(cái))用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案wastobemade12．Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe'stheonlyoneofthewomenwho______(wear)eveningdress.解析句意：Barbara是唯一穿晚禮服的女性，所以認(rèn)出她很簡(jiǎn)潔。先行詞theonlyoneofthewomen在句中作主語(yǔ)，中心詞是one，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與之保持全都，故填wears。答案wears13．Thechurchtowerwhich______(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.解析句意：教堂塔正在修復(fù)，不久就會(huì)對(duì)游客開(kāi)放。修復(fù)工作差不多完成了。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境，主語(yǔ)thechurchtower和動(dòng)詞restore之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又由句意可知修復(fù)工作還未完成，而是正在進(jìn)行中，所以要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案isbeingrestored14．Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry，butI'dratherhe______(focus)moreonitsculture.解析句意：?jiǎn)讨未蛩阏務(wù)撍麄儑?guó)家的地理，但是我寧愿他把話題多集中于文化上。本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。wouldrather后加從句，假如表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，假如表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作則用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。答案focused15．Ifwe______(take)theotherroad，wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.解析假如我們走另一條路，我們可能早就按時(shí)到會(huì)了。依據(jù)句意及后邊主句謂語(yǔ)mighthavearrived，可知if從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故if從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案hadtaken16．Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse______(build)atpresentinthedisasterarea.解析句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，目前在這個(gè)受災(zāi)地區(qū)正在建很多新居子。本題考查的是主謂全都和時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)。manya＝alargenumberof很多。manya＋單數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里應(yīng)當(dāng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案isbeingbuilt17．Ifyouplantwatermelonseedsinthespring，you______(eat)freshwatermeloninthefall.解析句意：假如在春天種下西瓜種子，秋天你就會(huì)吃到新穎的西瓜。inthefall為表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行或某個(gè)階段內(nèi)始終進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。答案willbeeating18．HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram，ahugeamountoftimeandenergy______(save)．解析句意：假如我了解這種電腦程序的話，就可以節(jié)省大量的時(shí)間和精力。本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。假如表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的話，條件句接受過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)(假如省略if可接受部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)接受“would＋have＋過(guò)去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。答案wouldhavebeensaved19．Joseph______(go)toeveningclassessincelastmonth，buthestillcan'tsay“What'syourname？”inRussian.解析句意：Joseph從上個(gè)月就開(kāi)頭上夜校，但是他還不會(huì)用俄語(yǔ)說(shuō)“你叫什么名字”呢。從時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“sincelastmonth”，可知需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，又由于說(shuō)話時(shí)他還在連續(xù)上課，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。答案hasbeengoing20．Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents______(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.解析句意：要么是你，要么是你的一名同學(xué)，應(yīng)當(dāng)出席明天的會(huì)議。該題考查的是主謂全都。依據(jù)就近全都原則，oneofyourstudents中心詞為one，本句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用單數(shù)。答案is21．Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplaces______(suggest)thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking.解析句意：如此多的人照舊在公共場(chǎng)合吸煙，這一事實(shí)表明或許我們需要搞一次全國(guó)性的活動(dòng)來(lái)提高人們對(duì)于吸煙危害性的生疏。thefact后跟同位語(yǔ)從句，設(shè)空處為主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由題干中的smoke和may等可知語(yǔ)境指現(xiàn)在的狀況，本句主語(yǔ)為thefact，且本句陳述的是一個(gè)事實(shí)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)接受第三人稱單數(shù)形式。答案suggests22．In1492，Columbus______(land)ononeoftheBahamaIslands，buthemistookitforanislandoffIndia.解析句意：1492年，哥倫布在巴哈馬群島中的一個(gè)島上靠岸，但是他把那里誤認(rèn)為是印度沿海的一個(gè)島嶼。分析題干可知，本句描述的是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，故用過(guò)去時(shí)。答案landed23．We______(work)onthisprojectforfourhours.Let'shavearest.解析句意：我們已經(jīng)連續(xù)做這個(gè)項(xiàng)目四個(gè)小時(shí)了，休息一下吧。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境中“休息一下吧”可知工作尚未完成，又結(jié)合題干中的forfourhours，可推知設(shè)空處應(yīng)當(dāng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。答案havebeenworking24．InthespokenEnglishofsomeareasintheUS，the“r”soundsattheendofthewords______(drop)．解析句意：在美國(guó)一些地方的口語(yǔ)中，單詞結(jié)尾的字母r的發(fā)音通常被略掉。通過(guò)題干可以推斷出sounds和drop為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，另外，題干中所提為普遍現(xiàn)象，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。答案aredropped25．IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey______(do)forme.解析句意：花了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間我才能完全理解他們?yōu)槲宜龅囊磺小Ｒ罁?jù)語(yǔ)境可知整句話的時(shí)間是過(guò)去時(shí)，“他們?yōu)槲易觥边@一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“我可以完全理解”之前，因此用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案haddoneⅡ.完形填空體裁：說(shuō)明文話題：健康生活時(shí)間：15分鐘Howimportantissleepforchildren?Gettingtoolittlecouldleavethemmoreemotionalandexcited.Asanation，wedon'tgetenough__1__．Andwe'repassingalongournight－owl(夜貓子)habitstomembersofthenext__2__，whichcouldleavechildrenwithless__3__overtheiremotionsandhaveatendencyofexcitement，accordingtothelateststudy.LeadauthorRob，apsychologistatMcGillUniversity，describesintheScienceastudyinwhichheeitheraddedor__4__healthychildrenaged7to11ofonehourofsleepanightoverfivenights.His__5__，saysRob，wastoseeifsuchmodestchangesintheamountofsleepchildrengetcouldaffecttheir__6__．Thechildren'steacherswereaskedtofillouta10－itemstandardquestionnaireto__7__thechildren'sattention，impulsivity，badtemperandemotionalreactivityattheendofthe__8__．Comparedwiththeirsame.ratingsduringaninitialfivedaysofuncontrolledsleep—inwhichtheresearcheraskedparentstoallowthe__9__tosleepastheynormallywouldtoestablishabaseline—thosewhowerereducedanhour'ssleephadworsescoresonbehaviormeasuresthanthosewhowereallowedtosleepanhourmore.(Theparentswereaskedto__10__theirchildren'sbedtimes，andwhiletheywereabletoputthekidstobedanhourearlierwhen__11__，theyoungstersendedupsleepingonlyabout30minutesmore.)Intermsofhow__12__reactive，orsensitive，andhowattentivethechildrenwere，teachersratedthesleep－restrictedstudentsonaverage4pointshigherthantheirbaseline，meaningtheyshowedmore__13__temper，frustrationandhadmore.__14__payingattention.Incontrast，thechildrenwhosleptmoreshowedanaverage3－point__15__intheseproblems.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹心理學(xué)家對(duì)兒童的睡眠時(shí)間影響其情感穩(wěn)定性的爭(zhēng)辯，結(jié)果表明：睡眠時(shí)間少的兒童普遍比有充分睡眠的兒童更心情化、易怒。1．A.emotionB．sleepC．excitementD．education解析依據(jù)第一段的段意及第一段第一句中的sleep可知選B，sleep是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。答案B2．A.generationB．situationC．propositionD．combination解析依據(jù)前文的短語(yǔ)passingalong...habits及后文的children可推出填generation。答案A3．A.challengeB．effectC．controlD．test解析依據(jù)句意及常識(shí)，缺乏睡眠簡(jiǎn)潔使人心情化，不簡(jiǎn)潔把握自己的心情，可推斷出填control。答案C4．A.increasedB．reducedC．departedD．obtained解析由句中的added“增加”及短語(yǔ)either...or，可推出填reduced“削減”。答案B5．A.ambitionB．standardC．solutionD．goal解析依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容，尤其是wastoseeif...可知選D，goal“目的，目標(biāo)”。答案D6．A.featureB．beliefC．confidenceD．behavior解析下文中的hadworsescoresonbehavior有明確的提示，與behavior是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。答案D7．A.assessB．a(chǎn)nswerC．knowD．think解析依據(jù)常識(shí)及句意可知，讓老師填問(wèn)卷調(diào)查主要是為了評(píng)估兒童的各種心情指數(shù)，故填assess。答案A8．A.nightB．dayC．studyD．class解析依據(jù)前文的study及questionnaire可推斷填study“爭(zhēng)辯，課題”，是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。答案C9．A.studentsB．childrenC．teachersD．teenagers解析依據(jù)句意及及前文的parents可推斷出填children，其他選項(xiàng)不合句意。答案B10．A.recordB．rememberC．meetD．change解析依據(jù)句意，尤其是putthekidstobedanhourearlier可推出這里填change“轉(zhuǎn)變”。答案D11．A.neededB．wokenC．shakenD．heard解析依據(jù)句意及下句內(nèi)容可推出，家長(zhǎng)在需要的狀況下可轉(zhuǎn)變孩子睡眠的時(shí)間，故選A。答案A12．A.essentiallyB．particularlyC．a(chǎn)ctuallyD．emotionally解析依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容，尤其是并列句中的sensitive，attentive等詞可推斷出填emotionally“情感上地，心情上地”。答案D13．A.sensitiveB．gentleC．badD．good解析依據(jù)句意尤其是上文的badtemper有明確的提示，與bad是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。答案C14．A.problemsB．differencesC．effectsD．chances解析依據(jù)句意及下文中的intheseproblems有明確的提示，與problems是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。答案A15．A.raiseB．dropC．changeD．float解析依據(jù)上文的短語(yǔ)4pointshigher及表示轉(zhuǎn)折的短語(yǔ)incontrast可推斷出填drop“下降”。答案BⅢ.閱讀理解體裁：說(shuō)明文話題：廣告時(shí)間：6分鐘(2022·天津模擬)Iwasreadingtheseinterestingstoriesbehindagroupofgreatlogos(標(biāo)識(shí))intheworld.PersonallyNikeismyfavoriteone—it'ssosimple.AndIlikedthestoriesbehindthem，whichmademeforgetallotherthings.McDonald's，Apple，Mercedes－BenzandAdidasowngreatlogosaswell，andtheyareamongmyfavorites.NikeIntheGreekmyth，Nikeisthegoddessofvictoryandthesourceofinspirationforsoldiers.ThislogorepresentsthewinginthefamousstatueoftheGreekgoddess.Nike'slogowasdesignedbyCarolynDavidsonin1971for$35，andwasregisteredasatrademarkin1995.McDonald'sThelogowasdesignedin1962byJimSchindlertoresemblethearchshaped(拱形的)signonthesideofthecompany'sthenwalk－uphamburgerstand.Lateron，thetwogoldenarcheswerecombinedtogethertoformtheM．TheMcDonald'snamewasaddedtothelogoin1968.AppleTherearedifferentstoriesbehindApple'slogo.ThefirstlogowasareferencetothereligiousstoryofAdamandEve，inwhichtheapplerepresentedthefruitoftheTreeofKnowledge.Oneyearlater，thesecondlogowasdesignedin1977bySteveJobsandRonaldWayne，anditdescribedSirIsaacNewtonsittingunderanappletree.Thislogodidn'tstaylong.OneyearlateritwasreplacedalmostimmediatelybygraphicdesignerRobJanoff's“rainbowapple”，arainbow－coloredsilhouette(輪廓)ofanapplewithabitetakenoutofit.Andthentherainbow－coloredapplewasreplacedbytheone－coloredlogoin1998.Ithasnotbeenchangedsofar.MercedesBenzTheMercedes－Benzlogo，whichwasoriginallycreatedbyGottliebDaimlerin1909，consistsofasimpledescriptionofathree－pointedstarthatrepresentsitsruleoftheland，theseaandtheair.ThecompanywasfoundedbyGottliebDaimlerandWilhelmMaybach.MercedesisthenameofMaybach'selderdaughter，whileBenzcameasaresultofacombinationwithBenz，CieandDMGin1926.AdidasTheAdidaslogo，whichwascreatedbythefounderofthecompanyAdiDassler，representsmountains，pointingtowardsthechallengesthatareseenaheadandgoalsthatcanbeachieved.Thelogowasusedforthefirs