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TheradicaltransformationoftheSovietsociety

hadaprofoundimpactonwomenslives.Marxistshad

traditionallybelievedthatbothcapitalismandthe

middle-classhusbandsexploitedwomen.TheRussian

Revolutionof1917immediatelyproclaimedcomplete

equalityofrightsforwomen.Inthe1920sdivorceand

abortionweremadeeasilyavailable,andwomenwere

urgedtoworkoutsidethehomeandliberate

themselvessexually.AfterStalincametopower,

sexualandfamilialliberationwasplayeddown,and

themostlastingchangesforwomeninvolvedworkand

education.

Thesechangesweretrulyrevolutionary.Young

womenwereconstantlytoldthattheyhadtobeequal

tomen,thattheycouldandshoulddoeverythingmen

coulddo.PeasantwomeninRussiahadlong

experiencedtheequalityofbackbreakingphysical

laborinthecountryside,andtheycontinuedtoenjoy

thatequalityoncollectivefarms.Withtheadventof

thefive-year-plans,millionsofwomenalsobeganto

toilinfactoriesandinheavyconstruction,building

dams,roadsandsteelmillsinsummerheatandwinter

frost.Mostoftheopportunitiesopentomenthrough

educationwerealsoopentowomen.Determined

womenpursuedtheirstudiesandenteredtheranksof

thebetter-paidspecialistsinindustryandscience.

Medicinepracticallybecameawomansprofession.By

1950,75percentofdoctorsintheSovietUnionwere

women.

ThusStalinistsocietygavewomangreat

opportunitiesbutdemandedgreatsacrificesaswell.

Thevastmajorityofwomensimplyhadtowork

outsidethehome.Wagesweresolawthatitwas

almostimpossibleforafamilyorcoupletoliveonlyon

thehusbandsearnings.Moreover,thefun-time

workingwomanhadaheavyburdenofhousehold

tasksinheroffhours,formostSovietmeninthe1930s

stillconsideredthehomeandthechildrenthewomans

responsibility.Mencontinuedtomonopolizethebest

jobs.Finally,rapidchangeandeconomichardshipled

tomanybrokenfamilies,creatingfurtherphysical,

emotional,andmentalstrainsforwomen.Inanyevent,

theoften-neglectedhumanresourceofwomenwas

mobilizedinStalinistsociety.

52.Themainideaofthispassageisthatwomenin

Stalinistsociety.

A)hadeconomicopportunitiesthathadnever

beenavailablebefore

B)haddifficultybalancingtheirworkandfamily

responsibilities

C)hadnewopportunitiesbutalsomanyhardships

D)movedquicklyintothehighestlevelsof

government

53.Inthelastparagraph,monopolizeprobably

means.

A)holdB)earnC)leaveD)pay

54.Theauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthis

passageisto.

A)comparedifferentsystemsofgovernment

B)tellstoriesaboutwomeninSovietUnion

C)amusethereader

D)provideinformation

55.Theauthorstoneinthispassagecanbestbe

describedas.

A)disapprovingB)emotional

C)objectiveD)sympathetic

56.Wecanconcludethattheeconomicandsocial

statusofwomeninStalinistsociety.

A)hadbeenimproved

B)wasworsethanbefore

C)hadnotChangedmuch

D)wasbetterthanthatincapitalisticcountries

參考答案

52-56CADCA

52.主旨題。文章第一段提出話題，蘇聯(lián)的根本性

社會(huì)變革對(duì)女性的生活產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響。其次段描

述了這些變更：女性獲得了參加各種工作和受教化的

同等機(jī)會(huì)，甚至進(jìn)入了一些專業(yè)領(lǐng)域。第三段指出，

女性在獲得機(jī)會(huì)的同時(shí)電不得不付出巨大的代價(jià)。因

此，縱觀全文，既寫到了變革帶給女性的機(jī)會(huì)，電提

到了她們面對(duì)的困難。故正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

53.詞義推斷題。第三段陳述了變革后女性面對(duì)的

各種逆境。女性參加工作導(dǎo)致工資水平下降。這又反

過來迫使她們不得不出去工作，補(bǔ)充丈夫的收入來養(yǎng)

家，但女性還得同時(shí)兼顧家庭。除此之外，在工作方

面，男性接著壟斷了好的工作機(jī)會(huì)。因此，這里和

"monopolize”意思最為接近的是"hold",故答案為A

項(xiàng)。

54.寫作目的題。結(jié)合第一題主旨題可以看出寫作

此文不是為了消遣讀者（選項(xiàng)C）,也不是在講故事（選

項(xiàng)B）,更沒有比較不同的政府體制（選項(xiàng)A）,只陳述

了蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)變革對(duì)女性的生活產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響，是

屬于供應(yīng)信息，故答案為D項(xiàng)。

55.文章基調(diào)（看法）題。既陳述了變革給女性帶