2024北京昌平區(qū)高二（下）期末英語試題和答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京昌平高二（下）期末英語本試卷共11頁，共100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Bobwasabitofacouchpotato,buthehadagreatsenseofhumorandlovedtomakehisfamilyandfriendslaugh.Oneday,Bob___1___hewasn’tgettinganyyoungersohedecidedtojoinahealthclubtogetinshapeand___2___hisfamilyandfriends.Bobarrivedatthehealthclubwithabigsmileonhisface,readytoshoweveryonewhathewasmadeof.He___3___foramembership,andthenheadedtotheweightroom.Bobwalkedovertotheweightbenchandattemptedtoliftthebar.Tohissurprise,hecouldn’tevenliftit!Itwasso___4___thatitdidn’tbudgeaninch.Feeling___5___,Boblookedaroundtoseeifanyonewaswatchinghim.___6___,hisfamilyandfriendshadalldecidedtocometothehealthclubthatdaytocheerhimon.Bob’swife,children,andfriendswereallgatheredaroundtheweightbench,watchinghim___7___toliftthebar.Hiswifesmiledandsaid,“Ithoughtyousaidyouwereinshape!”Boblookedatherandreplied,“IAMinshape!Roundisashape,right?”Everyoneburstoutlaughing,andBob’sembarrassmentquicklyturnedintoa___8___.Hecontinuedtoworkoutatthehealthclub,buthenevertookhimselftooseriously.Heknewthemostimportantthingwastohavefunandenjoytheprocessofgettinghealthier.Intheend,Bobdidgetinshape,andhisfamilyandfriendswereproudofhim,buttheywereevenprouderofhisabilitytomakethem___9___andbringjoyintotheirlives,evenduringhismost___10___moments.1.A.admitted B.realized. C.imagined D.predicted2.A.ignore B.comfort C.annoy D.impress3.A.madeup B.lookedup C.signedup D.stayedup4.A.heavy B.smooth C.huge D.cold5.A.astonished B.embarrassed C.depressed D.confused6.A.Finally B.Suddenly C.Unfortunately D.Usually7.A.struggle B.pretend C.offer D.hesitate8.A.trap B.burden C.magic D.joke9.A.forget B.argue C.laugh D.panic10.A.pleasant B.awkward C.urgent D.lucky第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。MoststudentsdoanIQtestearlyintheirschoollife.Eveniftheyneverseetheirresults,theyfeelthattheirIQis___11___determineshowwelltheyaregoingtodoinlife.Whentheyseeotherstudentsdoingbetterthanthem,theyusuallybelievethatthosestudentshavea___12___(high)IQandthatthereisnothingtheycandotochangetheirsituation.However,newresearchintoEQsuggeststhatsuccessisnot___13___(simple)theresultofahighIQ.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。___14___(face)withtheproblemsofenvironmentpollutionandoverdevelopment,peoplehavesetupsomenationalparks___15___(protect)bothnaturalfeaturesandwildlife.AgoodexampleofthisistheSanjiangyuanNationalParkinthesouthofQinghaiProvince.Itishometomanyspeciesofplants,alongwithrareanimals.Inmostareasofthereserve,anypermitteddevelopment___16___(monitor)closely.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Manypeoplewhogrowupinsmalltownsfindthemselvescountingthe___17___(day)untiltheygettoescapetheirrootsandplantnewonesinbigger,“better”places.Andthat’sfine.Buttheysayit’simportanttorememberwhereyoucomefrom.When___18___(think)aboutthat,Ican’thelphavinganoverwhelmingfeelingofgratitudeformyroot.Uptonow,beingfromasmalltown___19___(teach)mesomanyimportantlessons,___20___Iwillcarrywithmefortherestofmylife.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AUnitedNationsInternationalChildren’sEmergencyFund(UNICEF)worksintheworld’stoughestplacestoreachthemostdisadvantagedchildrenandteenagers.Acrossmorethan190countries,wedowhateverittakestohelpchildrensurviveandgrow.StartyourcareerwithUNICEFInternship(實習(xí))Programmeandbecomeachampionforeverychild!WhatweofferOurInternshipProgrammeoffersstudentsandrecentgraduatestheopportunitytogaindirectworkexperience.●Time:Internshipscanbefull-timeorpart-time,lastingbetweensixmonthstooneyear.●Salary:YouwillgetpaidmonthlybyUNICEFonceyourinternshipstarts.●Feeswecover:One-wayticketandvisacosts.RequirementsYourprofilecouldbeagoodfitifitmeetsthefollowingrequirements:●Beingacollegestudentnow,orhavinggraduatedfromcollegewithinthepasttwoyears.●BeingfluentinoneofUNICEF’sworkinglanguages:English,FrenchorChinese.●Strongcommunicationskills.●Abilitytoworkcollaborativelyinamulticulturalenvironment.●Outstandingacademicperformance.●Flexibilitytoadapttonewenvironmentsandworkunderpressure.●Previousvolunteerorworkexperienceinarelatedfieldisanadvantagebutnotrequired.●Noimmediaterelatives(eg.parents,sister,brother)workingwithUNICEF.HowtoapplyYoucanfindopportunitiesonourcareerpage.Onceyoufindapositionofinterest,clickonthebutton“ApplyNow”andproceedonthewebsite.21.WhatcanUNICEFprovideifoneisselected?A.Areturnticket. B.Visadocuments.C.Alanguagecourse. D.Monthlypaidsalary.22.Accordingtothepassage,applicantsarerequiredto________.A.haverelatedworkexperience B.ownmulticulturalbackgroundsC.speakEnglishandFrenchfluently D.adjusttonewenvironmentsflexibly23.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemightyoufindthispassage?A.Job-hunting. B.Problem-solving.C.Skill-building. D.Decision-making.BJamesGaileyhasalreadyretired.At80yearsold,hewasenjoyingtimeintheNorthTexascommunityofCallisburg.It’sasmalltown,withapopulationofabout300people.Thelocalschooldistricthastwocampuses,andsupportsover1,100studentsintheruralarea.AlthoughGaileyhadnointentionofreturningtotheworkforce,hehadnochoicewhenhismonthlyrentwasraisedby$400.Sincehecouldn’taffordthatcost,“Mr.James,”asthestudentscallhim,wentbacktothelocalschoolandrestartedworkingasaschooljanitor.Threestudentsdecidedthattheycoulddosomethingaboutthissituation.GreysonThurman,BannerTidwell,andMartiYuskocreatedaGoFundMewebpageandsharedhisstoryonTikTok.“No80-year-oldshouldhavetoworkbecausetheyhaveto,”saidTidwell,“Itshouldbebecausetheywanttodoit.Itbotheredusthathehadtohaveaplacetoworktokeephishouse.”Whenthestudentsstartedthecampaign,theirgoalwastogetMr.Jamessomeextramoneytohelpwithhisrentissues.Thepagewasdisabledonlytwoweekslater,raisinganimpressive$270,000.“It’samazing,”saidJasonHooper,theprincipalofCallisburgHighSchool.“Theneedwasmetbecauseofthreekindkids—ofallourstudentswhoofferedhelp.”ManyofthedonationstotheGoFundMepagearefromstudentsandstaffatCallisburg,withmostofthemonly$5or$10each.“Itiscrazytoseesomethinglikethat.Weknewpeoplewouldhavewantedtohelp,”saidYusko,“Wedidn’tknowitwouldblowup.”Atthetimeofresearchingandwritingthisstory,Mr.Jamessaidthathewasreadytoreturntoretirement.“It’swhatwe’reabout,”Hoopersaid,“We’reasmalltown.We’refamily.Wedon’talwaysagree,butweloveandhelpourown.”24.JamesGaileyreturnedtoworkmainlybecauseof________.A.hisdifficultyinpayinghisrent B.hisboredomoftheretiringlifeC.hisdesiretocontinuehiscareer D.hisambitiontoimprovehimself25.WhatdidthethreekidsdoforJamesGailey?A.Findinghimajobatcampus B.Givinghimsupportforwork.C.Raisingmoneyonthewebsite. D.Turningtotheschoolprinciple.26.HowdidYuskofeelafterthecampaign?A.Doubtful. B.Astonished. C.Regretful. D.Confused.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.It’snevertoolatetolearn. B.Agoodturndeservesanother.C.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind. D.Asmallactcanmakeadifference.CKimfoundtheprospectoflearninganewlanguagediscouraging,especiallyasanadult.Shesawspendingdozensorhoursayearonlessonswithonlyslowprogressonanewskillasoutofreach.ThiswasundoubtedlynowKimfeltaboutherdecades’longambitiontolearnSpanish.Thatallchanged,however,whenapopularlanguage-learningapppresentedamoreattractiveapproach:completeonelesson—justsixorsevenminuteslong—everydayinordertoeventuallybecomebilingual(雙語的).Thisaddsuptoabout40hoursofstudyeachyear,butitispresentedasabite-sizedailygoal.Actually,thiscanbeappliedtoalmostanyambitioustarget.Buthoweffectiveisit?Forourstudy,wepartneredwithCTL,anonprofitorganizationthatprovidesfreecrisisconsultation.AllCTLvolunteersareaskedtocomplete200hoursofcrisisconsultationwithinayear.Wewerecuriousifbreakingdownthisgoalcouldmakeitmoreapproachableandincreaseactualworkinghours.Werandomlyassignedmorethan9,000CTLvolunteerstoreceivee-mailsforthreemonths.Onegroupwasencouragedtohitthe200-hourmarkwithnoactualgoalbreakdown.Twoothergroups,however,weregivenclearsubgoals:weencouragedonetovolunteerforfourhourseveryweekandtheothertovolunteerforeighthourseverytwoweeks.Thenwetrackedhowmuchtimeeachgroupspentvolunteeringduringourstudy.Bothgroupswhowereencouragedtofocusonasmallersubgoalvolunteered7to8percentmorethantheirpeerswhoweremerelyencouragedtohittheirbiggoal.Wealsofoundsuggestiveevidencethatthemoreflexible“eighthourseverytwoweeks”framingledtomorelastingbenefitsovertime.Althoughvolunteeringdeclinedeachweekduringthestudyacrossallparticipants,thisdeclinewasslowerinthe“eighthourseverytwoweeks”condition.Itsuggeststhatmakingmodestgoalsflexiblemightencouragelong-termperseverance.Ifso,afteroneyear,becomingbilingualisatlastwithinreachforKim.28.TheauthormentionsKiminthefirstparagraphmainlyto________.A.makeaprediction B.introduceatopicC.presentanassumption D.evaluateanargument29.WhydidtheauthorandhisteamcooperatewithCLT?A.Tocalculatetheprofitsoftheorganization.B.Toincreasetheactualhoursofvoluntarywork.C.Toevaluatetheeffectivenessofagoal-settingstrategy.D.Toimprovetheworkingskillsofvolunteersinconsultation.30.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Analysisofthestudy. B.Processofthestudy.C.Findingsofthestudy. D.Significanceofthestudy.31.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Makingafixedgoalhelpslongerperseverance.B.Settingabiggergoaldrivespeopletoachievemore.C.Stickingtoanambitiousgoalcontributestosuccess.D.Breakingdownabiggergoalleadstobetterresults.DOurplanethasjustseenitshottestmonthonrecord,withmanyplacesonfireorflooded.Thelikelihoodofextremeweatherkeepsincreasing—andpeoplearenoticing.However,noteveryonenoticesorfeelsthisthreattothesameextent.Basedonarepresentativesampleof1,071surveyrespondentsfromacrosstheUK,wefoundthatpeopleinruralareasshowedhigherdegreesofplaceattachmentthanpeoplelivingincities,asweexpected.However,weweresurprisedtoseethattheperceivedthreatofclimatechangein:mostrurallocationswaslower.Wehadnotexpectedthatoutcome,sowestartedtodigalittledeeperforpossiblereasons.Ruralpeoplemaybemoreresilienttochange.Ruralpeoplemayexperienceclimatechangelikeeveryoneelse,buttheymayhavebetterwaysofcopingwithitthancityresidentsbecauseoftheircloserrelationshipwithnature.Thismayhavetaughtthemtobemoreflexibleinhowtheydealwithchange.Afterall,naturechangesalotandthatcouldmakethemlessworriedaboutthemajorchangeshappeningaroundthem.Peopleinruralareasmaynotbeasawareofclimatechangeaspeopleincities.Lookingmoreclosely,theeffectismostlydowntoeducationratherthanwhetherpeopleliveinruralareasornot.ResearchshowsthatgenerallevelsofclimateawarenessintheUKarequitehigh.Butthisdoesnotnecessarilycorrespondtoreadinessforactionorbehaviouralchange.Itiswelldocumented,though,thatruralinhabitantstendtohavemoreconservativeviews,whichcouldaffectthewayclimatechangeisinterpreted.Conservativeviewsareoftenassociatedwithlessconcernabouttheclimate.Peopleinruralareasmaynotexperienceclimatechangeinthesamewavaspeopleincities.Thisisbecauseruralareashavehigherlevelsofgreenspacethanurbanareas.Forexample,youwillfeeltheheatlesswhenyouaresurroundedbytrees.So,althoughweweresurprisedthatthehigherdegreeofplaceattachmentinpeoplelivingrurallydidnotnecessarilyleadtoahigherperceptionofclimatechangethreat,wecanseetherearegoodreasonsforthat.32.Whatdoestheword“resilient”underlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Easytoadapt. B.Readytoillustrate.C.Difficulttonotice. D.Willingtochallenge.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Conservativeviewsinruralareaslowertheperceptionofclimatechange.B.Strongruralplaceattachmentresultsinhigherclimatechangeawareness.C.Well-educatedpeoplearemorelikelytotakeactionsforclimatechange.D.Ruralpeoplepaymoreattentiontoclimatechangethancityresidents.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whoaretoblameforclimatechange?B.Howdopeopleperceiveclimatechange?C.Whyisclimatechangeperceiveddifferently?D.Whatcanpeopledotocopewithclimatechange?第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Aswecarefullyselectouroutfitseachday,wemaynotalwaysrealizetheinfluenceourclothingchoiceshaveonourmood,behavior,andevenhowothersunderstandus.___35___Studieshaveshownthatdressingwellcansignificantlyaffecthowwefeelaboutourselvesandourabilities.Whenwewearoutfitsthatmakeusfeelconfidentandcomfortable,wearemorelikelytomakeapositiveimpressiononothers.Ourclothingchoicesarelikeapersonalcanvas(畫布).___36___Whetherit’savintage-inspireddressoraboldgraphictee,ourclothesbecomeareflectionofwhoweare.Fashionisapowerfultoolthathelpsuscommunicatewiththeworldandformconnectionswithlike-mindedindividuals.Haveyouevernoticedhowwearingaparticularoutfitcanchangeyourmood?___37___Forinstance,brightcolorsandcheerfulpatternscanupliftourspiritsandbringasenseofhappiness.___38___Thelinkbetweencolorsandemotionsplaysavitalroleinshapingouroutlookontheday.Clotheswewearcanalsoinfluenceourbehaviorandcognitiveprocesses.Forexample,wearingformalbusinesssuitmightsignalthebrainthatit’stimetofocusandbeproductive,whilemorerelaxedclothingmightencourageamorecasualapproach.___39___So,thenexttimeyoudressup,rememberthehugeinfluenceyouroutfitcanhave,andembracetheopportunitytoexpressyourselfthroughtheartoffashion.A.Clothingcangiverisetovariousemotionalresponses.B.Correctclothesconveysthatyouareinterestedinthejob.C.Ontheotherhand,wearingdarkermightcreateafeelingofseriousness.D.Thus,therightoutfitcangiveusconfidenceneededtoconquerthedayahead.E.Itallowsustoexpressourbeliefs,interests,andemotionswithoutsayingasingleword.F.Choosingtherightforspecificoccasionscan,therefore,enhanceourperformanceandefficiency.G.Thephrase“dressforsuccess”holdstruewhenitcomestotheimpactofclothesonself-confidence.第三部分書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。ThelegendaryhorrorauthorH.P.Lovecraftwrotethat“theoldestandstrongestemotionofmankindisfear,andtheoldestandstrongestkindoffearisfearoftheunknown.”Uncertaintycausespeopletoseethreatseverywheretheylook,andatthesametimeitmakesthemlikelytoreactemotionally.Evenminorperiodsofunpredictabilitycancausesignificantnegativeeffects.Researchontrafficjam,forexample,hasfoundthatthelackofcontroldriversfeelsendsstressandangerlevelsthroughtheroof.Uncertainbus,train,andplanedelaysarealsomajorsourcesofuncertainty-triggereddistress.Onestudyfoundthatgivingpeopleup-to-the-minutewaittimeswasaneffectivewaytolimitanxietyandfrustration.Evenifthewaitforabusturnedouttobelong,removingtheelementofuncertaintymadecommutersfeelbetter.Differentpeoplerespondtouncertaintyindifferentways.Unfortunately,manyareunhelpfulcopingstrategies.Peoplewhostrugglewithuncertaintyoftenrespondtoitbyworrying.Theyalsotendtothinkthatworryingwillsomehowhelpthemprepareforwhat’stocome.Thisisfalse.Themorepeopleengageinworrying,thelesstheyfeelconfidentintheirabilitytosolveaproblemandtheworsetheirsolutionstendtobe.Tryingtoseekoutnewandhelpfulinformationcanalsobackfire.BMCPublicHealthfoundthatpeoplecanonlyprocessandmakesenseofalimitedinformation,andthatconsumingtoomuchnewinformationcanleadtoconfusionandincreaseduncertainty.Still,howtoremovetheeffectsofuncertaintyisfoodforthought.40.AccordingtoH.P.Lovecraft,whatistheoldestandstrongestfear?__________________________________________________________41.Whycanup-to-the-minutewaittimeslimitanxiety?__________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?Peoplewhoworrymorewillfeellessconfidentinproblem-solving,whiletheirsolutionstendtobebetter.__________________________________________________________43.Whatuncertaintyworriesyoumostandhowdoyoudealwithit?(Inabout40words)__________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華。近期打算參加你校舉辦的“職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃(CareerPlanning)”主題活動。請給你校英國交換生Jim寫一封英文郵件邀請他一起參加。郵件的內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹活動的內(nèi)容(時間、地點、安排等)；2.說明你打算參加的原因；3.詢問對方的意向。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.A5.B6.C7.A8.D9.C10.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇記敘文。文章講述了宅男鮑勃決定去健身房健身，結(jié)果未能舉起杠鈴，還被親友們圍觀，鮑勃用他的幽默緩解了尷尬，最終恢復(fù)了身材，親友們也為他自豪?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，鮑勃意識到他不再年輕了，所以他決定加入一個健身俱樂部來保持身材，給他的家人和朋友留下深刻的印象。A.admitted承認(rèn)；B.realized意識到；C.imagined想象；D.predicted預(yù)測。根據(jù)句中“hewasn’tgettinganyyoungersohedecidedtojoinahealthclubtogetinshape”和常識可知，鮑勃決定去健身，應(yīng)該是因為他意識到自己不再年輕了，需要鍛煉健身來保持身材。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，鮑勃意識到他不再年輕了，所以他決定加入一個健身俱樂部來保持身材，給他的家人和朋友留下深刻的印象。A.ignore忽視；B.comfort安慰；C.annoy使惱怒；D.impress使印象深刻。根據(jù)下文“hisfamilyandfriendshadalldecidedtocometothehealthclubthatdaytocheerhimon.”（他的家人和朋友都已決定在那天來健身俱樂部為他加油。）和他的妻子說的話“Ithoughtyousaidyouwereinshape!”（我記得你說自己身材很好?。┛芍?，作者決定去健身房健身，應(yīng)該是通知了家人和朋友，想讓他們看到自己健身的效果，讓他們印象深刻。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他注冊了會員，然后去了舉重室。A.madeup補償；B.lookedup查閱；C.signedup報名參加、注冊；D.stayedup熬夜。根據(jù)前文“Bobarrivedatthehealthclub”（鮑勃來到了健身俱樂部）和句中的“membership”可知，鮑勃來到了一家健身俱樂部，注冊為會員后，前往舉重室開始健身。故選C。【4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它這么重，一動也不動。A.heavy重的；B.smooth光滑的；C.huge巨大的；D.cold冷的。根據(jù)前文“hecouldn’tevenliftit”（他甚至舉不起來）和本句中“itdidn’tbudgeaninch”可知，鮑勃一點都舉不動這個杠鈴，可見它非常重。故選A。【5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：感到很尷尬，鮑勃環(huán)顧四周，看看是否有人在看著他。A.astonished十分震驚的；B.embarrassed尷尬的；C.depressed抑郁的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)下文“andBob’sembarrassmentquicklyturnedintoa8.”（鮑勃的尷尬很快轉(zhuǎn)變成了一個笑話）可知，鮑勃沒能舉動杠鈴，所以看看周圍是否有人在看他，可見他當(dāng)時感到很尷尬。故選B?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，他的家人和朋友都已決定在那天來健身俱樂部為他加油。A.Finally終于、最終；B.Suddenly突然；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Usually通常。根據(jù)前文“Feeling5,Boblookedaroundtoseeifanyonewaswatchinghim.”（感到很尷尬，鮑勃環(huán)顧四周，看看是否有人在看著他。）可知，鮑勃沒舉起杠鈴，感到很尷尬，不希望有人在看他，結(jié)果他的家人和朋友那天都來了，所以對它來說是很不幸的。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：鮑勃的妻子、孩子和朋友們都圍在舉重臺周圍，看著他奮力舉杠鈴。A.struggle努力、奮力；B.pretend假裝；C.offer提供；offertodo主動提出做某事；D.hesitate猶豫。根據(jù)前文“hisfamilyandfriendshadalldecidedtocometothehealthclubthatdaytocheerhimon.”（他的家人和朋友都已決定在那天來健身俱樂部為他加油。）和本句可知，鮑勃的家人和朋友都來健身俱樂部為他加油，此時都圍在舉重臺周圍，應(yīng)該是看他健身的樣子，看他努力地舉杠鈴。故選A。【8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大家都哄堂大笑，鮑勃的尷尬很快轉(zhuǎn)變成了一個笑話。A.trap陷阱；B.burden負(fù)擔(dān)；C.magic魔法；D.joke笑話。根據(jù)前文“Boblookedatherandreplied,“IAMinshape!Roundisashape,right?””（鮑勃看著她回答說:“我身材很好!圓是一種身材，對吧?”）可知，鮑勃用自己的幽默，像說笑話一樣回答了妻子，令人們哄堂大笑，從而化解了尷尬，此時尷尬已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)變成了鮑勃講的一個笑話。故選D。【9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但他們更自豪的是，即使在他最尷尬的時刻，他也能讓他們開懷大笑，給他們的生活帶來快樂。A.forget忘記；B.argue爭論；C.laugh大笑；D.panic恐慌。根據(jù)第一段“Bobwasabitofacouchpotato,buthehadagreatsenseofhumorandlovedtomakehisfamilyandfriendslaugh.”（鮑勃是個宅男，但他很有幽默感，喜歡逗家人和朋友笑。）和前文“Everyoneburstoutlaughing”（大家都哄堂大笑）及本句中“bringjoyintotheirlives”可知，鮑勃很有幽默感，具有讓人開懷大笑，給人帶來快樂的能力。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但他們更自豪的是，即使在他最尷尬的時刻，他也能讓他們開懷大笑，給他們的生活帶來快樂。A.pleasant令人愉快的；B.awkward令人尷尬的；C.urgent急迫的；D.lucky幸運的。根據(jù)前文“Everyoneburstoutlaughing,andBob’sembarrassmentquicklyturnedintoa

8.”（大家都哄堂大笑，鮑勃的尷尬很快轉(zhuǎn)變成了一個笑話。）和文章內(nèi)容可知，鮑勃沒有舉起杠鈴，被親友們看到而感到尷尬，但他以自己的幽默、開玩笑般的話語，就使人們開懷大笑，化解了這份尷尬。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】11.what12.higher13.simply【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過討論IQ測試在學(xué)生生活中的常見現(xiàn)象，引出關(guān)于EQ（情商）的新研究，并指出成功不僅僅取決于智商?！?1題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：即使他們從未看到自己的結(jié)果，他們也覺得自己的智商決定了他們在生活中會做得多好。本空引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句中缺少主語，且指物，用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。【12題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：當(dāng)他們看到其他學(xué)生比他們做得更好時，他們通常認(rèn)為那些學(xué)生有更高的智商，而他們對此無能為力。根據(jù)句中“Whentheyseeotherstudentsdoingbetterthanthem”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填high的比較級higher“更高的”，作前置定語，修飾IQ。故填higher?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：然而，對情商的新研究表明，成功不僅僅是高智商的結(jié)果。本空應(yīng)填simple的副詞形式simply表示“僅僅，只不過”，作狀語。故填simply?！敬鸢浮?4.Faced15.toprotect16.ismonitored【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。面對環(huán)境污染和過度開發(fā)問題，人們設(shè)立了國家公園保護自然和野生動物，三江源國家公園是一個很好的例子，在其中任何允許的開發(fā)都受到嚴(yán)密監(jiān)控?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：面對環(huán)境污染和過度開發(fā)問題的出現(xiàn)，人們建立了一些國家公園來保護自然景觀和野生動物。分析句子可知，句中存在謂語動詞havesetup，因此這里使用非謂語動詞，且befacedwith是固定短語，邏輯主語people與facewith之間是被動關(guān)系，因此使用過去分詞作伴隨狀語，謂語句首首字母需大寫。故填Faced。【15題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：面對環(huán)境污染和過度開發(fā)問題的出現(xiàn)，人們建立了一些國家公園來保護自然景觀和野生動物。分析句子可知，句中存在謂語動詞havesetup，因此這里使用非謂語動詞，且表示目的性，意為“建立了一些國家公園來保護自然景觀和野生動物”，因此使用動詞不定式做目的狀語。故填toprotect。【16題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：在保護區(qū)的大部分地區(qū)，任何允許的開發(fā)都受到嚴(yán)密監(jiān)控。根據(jù)前句可知，本句使用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語是anypermitteddevelopment為單數(shù)形式，且與monitor之間是被動關(guān)系，因此使用被動語態(tài)。故填ismonitored?！敬鸢浮?7.days18.thinking19.hastaught20.which【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過個人經(jīng)歷和感受，討論了出身小城鎮(zhèn)對自己人生的積極影響，表達了對家鄉(xiāng)根源的感激之情。【17題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：許多在小鎮(zhèn)長大的人發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在數(shù)著日子，直到他們能夠擺脫自己的根，然后在更大、“更好”的地方扎根。他們數(shù)著離開的日子，不止一天，本空用day的復(fù)數(shù)形式days，作counting的賓語。故填days。【18題詳解】考查狀語從句的省略。句意：每當(dāng)想到這一點，我不禁對我的根有一種壓倒性的感激之情。當(dāng)when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的主語與主句的主語“I”一致，主語I與謂語動詞think之間為主謂關(guān)系，此從句可省略為“when+現(xiàn)在分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。故填thinking?！?9題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：到目前為止，來自一個小鎮(zhèn)已經(jīng)教會了我很多重要的教訓(xùn)，這些教訓(xùn)我將終生攜帶。teach“教”。由時間狀語Uptonow“到目前為止”可知，強調(diào)從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，本句時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語beingfromasmalltown動名詞短語作主語，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞用has。故填hastaught。【20題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：同上。本空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是lessons，指物，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作carry的賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.D22.D23.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了聯(lián)合國兒童基金會的一份實習(xí)工作，包括工作待遇、申請要求和申請方式。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whatweoffer中第二點“Salary:YouwillgetpaidmonthlybyUNICEFonceyourinternshipstarts.(薪水：實習(xí)開始后，聯(lián)合國兒童基金會將按月發(fā)放工資)”可知，如果申請人被選中，聯(lián)合國兒童基金會可以提供月薪。故選D項?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirements中第六點“Flexibilitytoadapttonewenvironmentsandworkunderpressure.(能靈活適應(yīng)新環(huán)境和在壓力下工作)”可知，申請人需要靈活適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。故選D項。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“StartyourcareerwithUNICEFInternship(實習(xí))Programmeandbecomeachampionforeverychild!(從聯(lián)合國兒童基金會實習(xí)計劃開始你的職業(yè)生涯，成為每個孩子的冠軍)”可知，文章主要是介紹聯(lián)合國兒童基金會的一份實習(xí)工作，與職業(yè)發(fā)展相關(guān)。因此，文章應(yīng)該出自網(wǎng)站的求職部分。故選A項。【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.D【導(dǎo)語】文章的體裁為記敘文。通過講述老人詹姆斯·蓋利因無法支付房租而不得不重返工作崗位的故事，揭示了三名學(xué)生發(fā)起的籌款活動給他帶來的幫助以及小善舉所能帶來的影響。文章通過這一真實事件展現(xiàn)了愛與幫助的力量，強調(diào)了小事可以產(chǎn)生積極的影響。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AlthoughGaileyhadnointentionofreturningtotheworkforce,hehadnochoicewhenhismonthlyrentwasraisedby$400.Sincehecouldn’taffordthatcost,“Mr.James,”asthestudentscallhim,wentbacktothelocalschoolandrestartedworkingasaschooljanitor.(盡管蓋利沒有打算重新投入工作，但當(dāng)他的每月房租漲價了400美元時，他別無選擇。因為他支付不起這筆費用，“詹姆斯先生”就回到當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校重新開始做學(xué)校清潔工。)”可知，他的月租金提高了400美元，他無法承擔(dān)。因為他無法支付房租，別無選擇，蓋利重返工作。故選A項?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“GreysonThurman,BannerTidwell,andMartiYuskocreatedaGoFundMewebpageandsharedhisstoryonTikTok.(格雷森·瑟曼、班納·提德威爾和瑪?shù)佟び人箍苿?chuàng)建了一個GoFundMe網(wǎng)頁，并在TikTok上分享了他的故事。)”和第四段“Whenthestudentsstartedthecampaign,theirgoalwastogetMr.Jamessomeextramoneytohelpwithhisrentissues.(當(dāng)學(xué)生開始這項運動時，他們的目標(biāo)是為蓋利籌集一些額外的錢以幫助解決他的租金問題。)”表明格雷森·瑟曼、班納·蒂德威爾和瑪?shù)佟び人箍苿?chuàng)建了一個GoFundMe網(wǎng)頁，并在TikTok上分享了他的故事，在網(wǎng)站上為詹姆斯·蓋利籌集資金幫助解決他的房租問題。故選C項?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Itiscrazytoseesomethinglikethat.Weknewpeoplewouldhavewantedtohelp,”saidYusko,“Wedidn’tknowitwouldblowup.”(“看到這樣的事情真是太瘋狂了。我們知道人們會想要幫助，”尤斯科說，“我們沒想到會爆炸般的發(fā)展。”)”表明募捐活動的效果超出預(yù)期，讓尤斯科感到驚訝。故選B項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Mr.Jamessaidthathewasreadytoreturntoretirement.(詹姆斯先生表示他準(zhǔn)備重新退休。)”表明三名學(xué)生發(fā)起籌款活動的小舉動對詹姆斯先生的生活產(chǎn)生了重大影響，年邁的詹姆斯先生不需要工作了，可以過上退休生活。說明即使是小小的善舉也能產(chǎn)生積極影響。故選D項。【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一個流行的語言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序通過把學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)分解成小目標(biāo)，來完成最后的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。研究表明，將適度的目標(biāo)變得靈活可能會鼓勵長期的毅力。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Kimfoundtheprospectoflearninganewlanguagediscouraging,especiallyasanadult.Shesawspendingdozensorhoursayearonlessonswithonlyslowprogressonanewskillasoutofreach.ThiswasundoubtedlynowKimfeltaboutherdecades’longambitiontolearnSpanish.Thatallchanged,however,whenapopularlanguage-learningapppresentedamoreattractiveapproach:completeonelesson—justsixorsevenminuteslong—everydayinordertoeventuallybecomebilingual(雙語的).(Kim發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言的前景令人沮喪，尤其是作為一個成年人。她認(rèn)為，一年花幾十個或幾個小時上一門新技能的課，而在這門新技能上只有緩慢的進步是遙不可及的。這無疑是金現(xiàn)在對她幾十年來學(xué)習(xí)西班牙語的夙愿的感受。然而，這一切都改變了，當(dāng)一個流行的語言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序提出了一個更有吸引力的方法：為了最終成為雙語，每天完成一節(jié)課——只要六到七分鐘)”可知，作者在第一段提到Kim主要是為了引入話題。故選B?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Forourstudy,wepartneredwithCTL,anonprofitorganizationthatprovidesfreecrisisconsultation.AllCTLvolunteersareaskedtocomplete200hoursofcrisisconsultationwithinayear.Wewerecuriousifbreakingdownthisgoalcouldmakeitmoreapproachableandincreaseactualworkinghours.(在我們的研究中，我們與CTL合作，這是一個提供免費危機咨詢的非營利組織。所有CTL志愿者都被要求在一年內(nèi)完成200小時的危機咨詢。我們很好奇，打破這個目標(biāo)是否能讓它更容易實現(xiàn)，并增加實際工作時間)”可知，作者和他的團隊與CLT合作是為了評估目標(biāo)設(shè)定策略的有效性。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Werandomlyassignedmorethan9,000CTLvolunteerstoreceivee-mailsforthreemonths.Onegroupwasencouragedtohitthe200-hourmarkwithnoactualgoalbreakdown.Twootherg