《被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本用法》PPT課件

1、What is the Passive Voice?,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本用法 當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)be表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。,英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)： 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (the Active Voice) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(the Passive Voice),A. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。,B. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。,We planted the tree.,The tree was planted by us.,We speak English.,主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),English i

2、s spoken by us.,主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),They cleaned the classroom yesterday.昨天我們打掃了教室。 The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被我們打掃了。,何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說(shuō)出或者無(wú)法說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行車(chē)被盜了。,三、漢語(yǔ)中含有“據(jù)說(shuō)”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說(shuō)”、“

3、大家說(shuō)”等時(shí)。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō) It is supposed that ,四、漢語(yǔ)中含有“被”、“由”等詞時(shí)。 例如： Tina is asked to come by Paul Tina是被Paul叫來(lái)的。 五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： He was born in October，1989,the Structure

4、is,助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 (be+V.P.P),1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：,1)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母， 先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,2)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)： 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成，

5、助動(dòng)詞be有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)的變化,其變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)一樣。 如：The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood. He is asked a question by the teacher. I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.,在改寫(xiě)中應(yīng)注意： 1.把原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)提到前面作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ); 2.把動(dòng)詞變成“be + 過(guò)去分詞”; 3.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語(yǔ)。,典型題例例1 將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 We clean our classroom every

6、day. Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.,主變被解題步驟:,1. 找賓語(yǔ) -即動(dòng)作的承受者,They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,2. 判斷賓語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù) -即be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù).,are were,3. 判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) -即be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài).,4. 修改謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài) -即原句動(dòng)詞改為過(guò)去分詞,made,5. 修改原句的主語(yǔ) -即by+ 主語(yǔ).,by them.,Tom broke the window. The window was broken by Tom.,Tom broke the windows

7、. The windows were broken by Tom.,He broke the windows. The windows were broken by him.,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ),Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： S(主語(yǔ)）+am/is /are(not) +過(guò)去分詞,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.,The motorbike is ridden to his fa

8、ctory (by him) every day.,We call the snowman Mr Strong.,The snowman is called Mr Strong (by us).,A computer is used in our class every day.,computer, use, class,2. They bought ten computers last year,Ten computers were bought (by them) last year. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)： S+was/were(not) +過(guò)去分詞,He bought his friend so

9、me fruits yesterday.,His friend was bought some fruits (by him) yesterday.,Some fruits were bought for his friend (by him) yesterday.,bank, rob yesterday,man-made satellite, send up, space, last year,A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.,The bank was robbed yesterday.,3Amy can take

10、good care of the cat ,The cat can be taken good care of by Amy. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： S+ can/may/must/should(not) + be+過(guò)去分詞,He can carry the basket easily.,The basket can be easily carried by him.,They can sing some beautiful songs.,Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.,“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs

11、 thought .,“They must be put in the fridge (by us).”The dogs thought.,4.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)： S+ will+ (not) be+過(guò)去分詞,They will have a show tomorrow.,A show will be had (by them) tomorrow.,send to, hospital, right now,a talk, gi

12、ve , soon,They will be sent to the hospital right now.,A talk will be given soon.,_ this house_ (sell) by the King? The little girl is so pretty that she _ (admire) by all people when she grows up.,Will be sold,will be admired,The streets_ (light) by electricity. I _ (not invite)to tomorrows wedding

13、.,will be lit,will/ shall not be invited,will not be done 否定結(jié)構(gòu),Dogs will not be allowed to enter your classroom.,allow,smoking,stadium,allow,Smoking will not be allowed in the stadium.,Rewrite the letter in future Passive Voice,will ( not) be done,The Olympic Game will be held in London. Many things

14、 _(do) for the Game. 30 billion yuan _on the projects. An Olympic Village_ for the athletes and some hotels_ for the visitors to stay in. The roads _ _(make) wider and better and trees and flowers _along the roads. The new Stadiums will be completed (complete) before 2012. Many volunteers_ (train) f

15、or the game.,will be done,will be spent,will be built,will be built,will be,made,will be planted,will be trained,Many policemen _(send) keep order. During the 2012 Olympic Game, the best athletes _(choose) to compete and they _ (encourage) to do their best.,will be sent,will be chosen,will be encouraged,dirty river,polluted air (受污染的),crowded hospital (擁擠的）,too many cars,traffic jam