現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)ppt精品課件.ppt

1、Present Perfect Tense,Present perfect tense 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),構(gòu)成: 用法一：,表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié) 果.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)這一時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)是過去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系,也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果.,have/has + 過去分詞,動(dòng)詞的過去分詞： 規(guī)則變化（和過去時(shí)一樣） 不規(guī)則變化（特殊記）,不規(guī)則變化： am/is-was-been are-were-been begin-began-begun break-broke-broken do-did-done draw-drew-drawn drink-drank-drunk drive-dr

2、ove-driven eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen fly-flew-flown forget-forgot-forgotten give-gave-given go-went-gone grow-grew-grown hide-hid-hidden know-knew-known lie-lay-lain ride-rode-ridden ring-rang-rung show-showed-shown see-saw-seen sing-sang-sung speak-spoke-spoken take-took-taken come-came-come r

3、un- ran run become-became-become,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本句型：,肯定式：主語(yǔ) + 助動(dòng)詞have/has + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 否定式: 主語(yǔ) + 助動(dòng)詞have/has + not + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞. 一般疑問式：助動(dòng)詞Have/Has + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞? 特殊疑問式：疑問詞+助動(dòng)詞Have/Has + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞?,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法,上一頁(yè),下一頁(yè),- Its so dark. -Someone has turned off the light. (有人剛把燈關(guān)了,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:現(xiàn)在很黑),- Are you free? -I

4、have finished my homework. I am free (我已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè),對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是很有空),主菜單,1.表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法,1.表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。,2.表示過去已經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的運(yùn)用(1): 1在表示“用法1”時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和副詞already, yet, never, ever ,before ,just等連用。.,a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑問句時(shí)表示強(qiáng) 調(diào)或加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣；yet 用于否定句和疑問句。,He has already lef

5、t here. 他已經(jīng)離開這里了。 Has he already left here? 他（真的）已經(jīng)離開這里了嗎？（表示加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣） My teachers havent had breakfast yet. 我的老師們還沒有吃早飯。 Have you written to your parents yet? 你已經(jīng)給你父母寫過信了嗎？,2. yet在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法,否定句:句末 “還(沒)”,疑問句: 句末 “己經(jīng)”,Eg. I havent had breakfast yet. Have you had breakfast yet?,b） never 是否定詞，表示“從來沒有”，而ev

6、er 表示“曾經(jīng)”,We have never been to the Great Wall. 我們從來沒有去過長(zhǎng)城。 Have you ever been to Canada? 你們?cè)?jīng)去過加拿大嗎？,c） just表示“剛剛”（用于完成時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，與already，never 等副詞的位置一樣，多用在助動(dòng)詞have/has和動(dòng)詞過去分詞之間）,He has just come back. 他剛剛回來。 They have just finished the work. 他們剛剛完成那項(xiàng)工作。,3.表示人曾有過或到目前為止從未有過的經(jīng)歷.,上一頁(yè),下一頁(yè),I have ever been to

7、the Summer Palace? (我曾去過頤和園),I have never had a car. (我從未有過汽車。),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法,主菜單,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),常與already, never, ever, just, yet, before, up to now, so far, for the last few weeks these days, since for a long time 連用,上一頁(yè),下一頁(yè),主菜單,Adverbs of time,before, by now (so far), once, twice, just, recently yet(否/疑

8、), already(肯), ever, never, all ones life , in /during the past /last 5 years,have been 與have gone 的用法比較,have been to 意思是“到過，去過”，表示曾經(jīng)到過某處，但現(xiàn)在人不在那兒。 have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已經(jīng)去了某地，現(xiàn)在人可能在去的途中或已在那兒了。 have been in 意思是“呆在某處一段時(shí)間了”,上一頁(yè),下一頁(yè),主菜單,Has she ever been to Nanjing? 她曾去過南京嗎？ You have never been there

9、, have you? 你以前從未去過那兒，是嗎？ I have been to Guiling ,I went there last year. 我去過桂林，我去年去的。 She has gone to Nanjing. 她已經(jīng)去南京了。,上一頁(yè),下一頁(yè),主菜單,用Have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空,Mike and his parents _ the north for half a year. Mum is not at home now. she _ the shop. _ you ever _ to kunming ? Never.

10、 Where _ you _ these days? Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he _ here for several days. Where is Peter? I dont know where he _. Hi Jim! Where _ you _ ? Li Lei is looking for you.,have been in,has gone to,have been,Have been,has been,has gone,have been,下一頁(yè),上一頁(yè),主菜單,與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較,一.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)都是說過去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意的

11、不是事情本身，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)事情與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，影響,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等）;而一般過去時(shí)，則只講述發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。,上一頁(yè),下一頁(yè),主菜單,1.都表示過去發(fā)生的事 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，不能和具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用； 3.一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事或狀態(tài)與表示過去的具體時(shí)間連用（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ）,present,past,I have lived here for two years,I lived there 2 years ago,注意點(diǎn)一： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作一

12、直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)范圍，因此，不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 如：yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等 試比較： The plane has arrived . 飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來了。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒） The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去） I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，

13、還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)。） I taught here for a year. 我過去在這兒教過一年。（表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）,Put the following sentences into English. A: 火車已經(jīng)開走了. B: 什么時(shí)候開走的? A: 半個(gè)小時(shí)之前開走的. A: 這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩年了. B: 你在哪兒買的? A: 在我老家買的. A: 你看過這部電影嗎? B: 看過. A: 什么時(shí)候看的. B: 上周星期天看的.,A: The train has left.,B: When did it leave.,A: It left half an hour ago.,

14、A: have you seen the film? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you see it? B: I saw it last Sunday.,A: Ive had the book for two years. B: Where did you buy it? A: I bought it in my hometown.,eg.1. He had his breakfast at 6:00 He has had his breakfast. 2. When did you come here? I watched the football match

15、on TV at 9:00.,Exercises,1. I _(have) lunch already. 2. Has the train_ (arrive), yet? 3.Tome _ never_ (be to ) China. 4. The twin _just _(see) my father. 5. The twins _(see) my father just now. 6. Many tall buildings _(build) in the past 5 years.,have had,arrived,has,been to,has,seen,saw,have been built,、翻譯下列句子：1. 你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯?xiàng)l嗎？2. 我剛剛丟了我的語(yǔ)文書。3. 我以前從來沒去過那個(gè)公園。4.