高一英語名詞性從句課件用.ppt

1、英語句子概論,人教新課標(biāo)高一英語期末語法復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句精品課件,英語句子的種類,簡單句 (simple sentence),并列句 (compound sentence),復(fù)合句 (complex sentence),簡單句的五種基本句型,The weather is very cold. 主語+謂語（連系動(dòng)詞）+表語 He laughed. 主語+謂語（vi.） I like Chinese food. 主語+謂語(vt.)+賓語 She taught them physics. 主語+謂語(vt.)+間接賓語+直接賓語 We must keep the room warm. 主語+謂語(v

2、t.) +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語,并列句 把兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)簡單句用并列連詞連接起來。,I turned on the TV. My sister and I watched it. I turned on the TV and my sister and I watched it. I bought my sister a present. She didnt like it. I bought my sister a present,but she didnt like it.,并列句,并列句,常用并列連詞:,平行并列連詞: 轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞： 因果并列連詞: 選擇并列連詞:,and, bothand,

3、not only but also, neithernor,but, however, while, yet,or,eitheror,for, so,復(fù)合句:主句+從句,名詞性從句 定語從句 狀語從句,主語從句 表語從句 賓語從句 同位語從句,Noun Clause,名詞性從句在功能上相當(dāng)于名詞, 在復(fù)合句 中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語等。,主語,His job is important.,What he does is important.,表語,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,賓語,I dont like his job

4、.,I dont like what he does every day.,同位語,I dont know about the man, Mr. White.,I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.,Practice time：指出下列各名詞性從句的種類。,1. At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. 2. She wondered if the buses would sti

5、ll be running. 3. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. 4. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat. 5. When we will start is not clear. 6. I had no idea that you were her friend.,賓語從句,賓語從句,表語從句,賓語從句,主語從句,同位語從句,Object Clauses 賓語從句,I know him .

6、2. I know who he is .,主語,謂語,賓語,（簡單句）,主語,謂語,賓 語 從 句,連詞,從句主語,從句謂語,主 句,（復(fù)合句）,句子做賓語就是賓語從句，跟在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后,句子結(jié)構(gòu)： 主句 +連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+ 賓語從句。,賓語從句的注意事項(xiàng),句子類型,that,陳述句,一般疑問句,if/whether (是否),特殊疑問詞,特殊疑問句,一、連詞（引導(dǎo)詞） 1. 當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時(shí)（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞由that引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)閠hat在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中常省略。,Lin Tao feels (that) his own te

7、am is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday. Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.,賓語從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下 不能省略： （1）當(dāng)that 從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語時(shí)，第二個(gè)that不能??； （2）當(dāng)that從句作介詞賓語時(shí)，that不可省掉。 （3）用it做形式賓語的賓語從句。 Everyone knew what happened and that she w

8、as worried. I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.,在主句為動(dòng)詞be加某些形容詞（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表語時(shí)，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語從句。,Im sorry (that) I dont know . Were sure (that) our team will win . Im afraid (that) he wont pass the

9、 exam .,2. 當(dāng)賓語從句是一般疑問句時(shí)，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)， “是否”，不能省略。,Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag . Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city . She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .,1).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句 a.當(dāng)有or not時(shí)就用whether,不用if. I dont

10、 know whether or not I will stay. b.介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. c. whether也可與動(dòng)詞不定式連用但if不能。 I have not decided whether to go or not. d）whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用 The question of whether they are male or female is not important.,注意 whether和if的使用區(qū)別:,Practice time,if / whe

11、ther1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I dont know _ he is well or not.4. I dont know _ or not he is well.5. I dont know _ I should go.,if / whether,whether,whether,whether,whether/if,_ to go.,whether,3. 當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時(shí)，由疑問詞（what, who, whom, which, whose when, where,

12、how, why等）引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)橐蓡栐~在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略。,Do you know what he said just now ? I dont remember when we arrived . I asked him where I could get so much money . Please tell me who whom we have to see . Do you know what time the plane leaves ?,I dont know _ is your brother. Is the man in dark gla

13、sses? I dont know _ of the boys is your brother. I dont know _ good they will do. Im worried about _ he will soon get well. I want to know _she has gone shopping. We wondered _ that was a spy or not.,who,which,what,whether,whether/if,whether,They have decided _ they will leave for New York. That is

14、next Sunday. We dont know _ they didnt finish the job in time. Mother was pleased _ her daughter had passed the college exams. Madam Curie discovered _ she called radium. Would you mind telling me _language your friend speaks? Would you mind telling me _language your friend speaks, English or French

15、?,when,why,that,what,what,which,二、時(shí)態(tài) 1. 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài) （包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ， 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)），從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根 據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定，（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過 去時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等）。,I know he lives here . I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .,2.如果主句是過去的時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)），那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)， 過去完成

16、時(shí)）,I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .,3.當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理 時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.,三、語序 賓語從句的語序用陳述語序： 連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。,I dont know what is the matter

17、the troublewrong with him.,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .,四.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移 當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是 think, believ

18、e, suppose, expect 等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時(shí)，常把否定前移至主句表示。 I dont think you are right. I dont think it is right for him to treat you like that.,I dont believe that man is killed by Jim, _? I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, _? We suppose you have finished the project, _?,is he?,wont she/he

19、?,havent you?,當(dāng)主句的主語是第二、三人稱時(shí)，其反義疑問句一般與主句保持一致。 1.Your sister supposes she needs no help, _? 2.You thought they could have completed the project, _? 3.They dont believe shes an engineer,_? 4.She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, _?,doesnt she,didnt you,do they,does she,1.The young man asked _

20、its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether 2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. wher

21、e C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,5. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 6. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 7. My sister told him _ . A.

22、what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 9. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. ha

23、ve you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 10. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go,B,C,D,Predicative Clauses 表語從句,表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句, 放在系動(dòng)詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+系動(dòng)詞+ 表語從句”。 可以接表語從句的系動(dòng)詞有 be,

24、 look, remain, seem,連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though （ if 不引導(dǎo)表語從句) who / whom / whose / which / what when / where / why / how / because,The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time . He looked as if he was going to cry . Thats why I was late .,注

25、 意：,在表語從句中，表“是否” 時(shí)，只能用 “whether”不能用“if”。 一般情況下，“that”不能省。 It is /was because . It is /was why. 3. The reason (why/for)is /was that. 4 The reason is because /why,that .,1. Thats _ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. be

26、cause B. why C. that D. Whether 3 .That is _ they separated. A. that B. what C. which D. where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. when,Subject Clauses 主語從句,主語從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)主語成分。,1) That he will succeed is certain . 2) Whether he will go there is not known . 3) What

27、 he said is not true . 4) Where he hid the money is to be found out . 5) Whoever comes is welcome. 6) Its certain that he will succeed .,7) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.,8) When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.,一. 由 that 引導(dǎo)that 無意義, 后接一個(gè)完整的句子. that 不可省

28、。 1. That we shall be late is certain. 2. _ is known to all. (地球是圓的) 3. _ is a pity. (你錯(cuò)過了這次機(jī)會(huì)),That the earth is round,That you missed the chance,二 whether “if” 不能引導(dǎo)主語從句 三. 疑問詞,引導(dǎo)詞,注意一:主語從句后置! 為了避免主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語. That we shall be late is certain. - Its certain that we shall b

29、e late. 1. That the earth is round is known to all. - 2. That you missed the chance is a pity. - 由連詞 whether, 連接代詞 what, who, which和 連接副詞 when,where,why,how 等引導(dǎo),也常常后置:,It is a pity that you missed the chance.,Its known to all that the earth is round.,It 的用法： （形式主語） It possible/important/necessary/cl

30、ear that 很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚 Its said/ reported that.據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道 Its been announced/declared that.已經(jīng)通知/宣布 It seems/appears/happens. that 顯然、明顯、碰巧. Its no wonder that并不奇怪/無疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (眾所周知/ a common saying.（俗話說）,注意二 注意：主語從句中 ，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù) What引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可根據(jù)表語決定 What he needs _ that bo

31、ok. What he needs _ some books.,is,are,what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分,如主語,賓語,表語,而that則不然,它在句子中只起連接作用。例如： (1) What you said yesterday is right. (2) That she is still alive is a puzzle.,注意三：What 與 that 引導(dǎo)主語從句,_ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How,2. _well go camp

32、ing tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where,3._ is known to us all is that America is a developed country_the First World. Which; belong to b. As, belonged to c. What; belonging to d. It; belonging to,4. Its known to us all _ a form of energy . A. water is B. that water is C.

33、 is water D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when 6.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have,同位語從句 1. 跟在某些名詞后面，對該名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說明。 常用名詞有belief, fact, idea, hope, news, doubt, result, thought, information, opin

34、ion等。Suggestion, suggest order demand wish等 2. 常用連詞：that; when, where, why, how,e.g. 1.消息傳來，拿破侖要來視察他的軍隊(duì)。 2.問題是他如何做這件事的。,Word came that Napoleon would come and inspect his grand army.,Its the question how he did it.,注意： 1.同位語從句多用that 引導(dǎo)，無意義不可省。,2.在have no idea之后常用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語從句。,I have no idea where he h

35、as gone. I have no idea when he did it. I have no idea what he did.,1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.,2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night.,_,The fact that two thirds of all girls

36、 are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.,_,We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.,4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.,5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed b

37、y many people, especially kids in school.,3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view.,_,Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online.,_,There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible.,_,_,The

38、 suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.,比較： 1.We expressed the hope that they had expected. 我們表達(dá)了他們曾經(jīng)表達(dá)過的那種希望。 2.We expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. 我們希望他們再來中國訪問。,定語從句,同位語從句,區(qū)別that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句和定語

39、從句： 引導(dǎo)同位語的連詞that在句中不作任何句子成分，而在定語從句中，that充當(dāng)?shù)目梢允菑木涞闹髡Z或賓語等。 同位語從句是對前面名詞的內(nèi)容的具體說明，而定語從句是對前面名詞進(jìn)行修飾，解釋為“.的” 連詞that在同位語從句中不可省略,而在定語從句中當(dāng)它充當(dāng)賓語時(shí)可以省略。,Practice :判斷下列各句是同位語從句還是定語從句,1. They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. 2. The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visi

40、t China again. 3.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all. 4. I cant stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly.,同位語從句,定語從句,同位語從句,同位語從句,1. _made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities . A What / because B What / that C That / what

41、 D That / because 2._she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons . A What / why B That / what C What / because D Why / that,B,A,B,3. He is absent from school . It is _ he is seriously ill. A. why B. because C. that D. the reason,4 _has helped to save the drow

42、ning girl is worth praising . A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever 5. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities . A that B how C where D what,D,A,6 - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week . - Is that _you had a few days off ? A why B when

43、 C what D where 7 -Are you still thinking about yesterdays game ? - Oh ,thats _. A what makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about C how I feel about it D when I feel excited,A,A,._ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect . A What B Tha

44、t C This D Which 10. When you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule : Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants . A what B which C when D that 11. We made the suggestion that he _ his work . A continues B continue C continued D had continued,B,A,B,12.There will be a sp

45、ecial price for _ buys things in large number here. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. Whomever 13. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game . why B. what C. who D. that (05) 14.The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. (05) A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whene

46、ver,14.Many newspaper printed the governors statement _ would support a tax cut. and he B. was that he C which he D that he 15._ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun. Which B. How C. What D. That 16.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. Ho

47、wever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,1. Can you make sure _ the gold rings? A. where she had put B. where had she put C. where she has put D. where has she put,2.The reason that has been such a success _ he never gives up. A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what,3. _ breaks the law should be

48、 punished. A Whoever B. No matter who C. Anyone D. Who,4. That is _ I had to take the risk of being washed away. A. why B. reason why C. how D. what 5. Do _ you think is right _ difficulties you may have. A. what ;however B. that ;whatever C. whatever ; whoever D. what; whatever 6.The workers consid

49、ered it important _ the boss would agree to give them a rise. A. whether B. how C. where D. which,7. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether,8. Difficulty lies _ we have no money. A. that B. in that C. in the fact D. in the

50、 fact that,10. I dont think the question _ they are old or young is important. A. which B. whether C. how D. why,13. The news _ Lincoln was murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow. A. which B. when C. that D. how 14. _ he said at the meeting astonished everyone present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 15. I dont trust his promise _ he will buy me a new car. A. which B. what C. when D. that,16. She received the message _ he would come by plane. A. that B. which C. what D. when 17. Energy is _ mak