高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二篇 閱讀技能探究 專(zhuān)題三 閱讀理解 第4講 詞句猜測(cè)題課件.ppt

1、第4講 詞句猜測(cè)題,考點(diǎn)1猜測(cè)詞義類(lèi) 【典例】(2015全國(guó)卷C片段) . . . . . . Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also LEnigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts fro

2、m television programmes reflecting the artists showman qualities.,The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain. The exhibition shows how Dali dra

3、ws the viewer between two infinities(無(wú)限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras, ”explains the Pompidou Centre.,The fine selec

4、tion of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.,Q: What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Donations

5、. B. Projects. C. Artworks. D. Documents.,【解題思路】 速讀文章, 在畫(huà)線詞前后找出相關(guān)的信息詞。 _ _ 嘗試解答: _,The fine selection of the major works,from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum,C,【解題技巧】 1. “文中信息”巧利用 考查考生根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境判斷生詞意義的能力, 要學(xué)會(huì)“順藤摸瓜”或“上下取證”。 同義或定義解釋法。上下文中以某種方式對(duì)其進(jìn)行解釋, 如利用or, that is (to say), in other wor

6、ds, namely等詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解釋, 或利用破折號(hào)、同位語(yǔ)(從句)、定語(yǔ)從句等進(jìn)行解釋等。 因果推斷法。對(duì)生詞詞義的猜測(cè)需要結(jié)合上下文的因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。,前后對(duì)比法。對(duì)生詞給出一定的對(duì)比背景, 并且通常以反義或?qū)φ盏姆绞匠霈F(xiàn)。 語(yǔ)境理解法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)詞義占此類(lèi)試題的大多數(shù), 做題時(shí)要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境信息進(jìn)行分析、推理, 從而猜測(cè)出生詞的意義。 基本構(gòu)詞法。 2. 常見(jiàn)命題方式 The underlined word. . . probably means_. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word

7、. . . ?,考點(diǎn)2猜測(cè)短語(yǔ)類(lèi) 【典例】(2015全國(guó)卷A片段) My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldnt fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model.

8、 I realized this a day later, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didnt get any channels showing all-night

9、movies or I would never have gotten to bed. ,Q: Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragraph 1? A. ended all their programs B. provided fewer channels C. changed to commercials D. showed all-night movies,【解題思路】 速讀文章, 在畫(huà)線部分前后找出相關(guān)的信息詞。 _ _ _ 嘗試解答: _,keep it on until,For

10、tunately,didnt get any channels showing all-night movies,A,【解題技巧】 1. “語(yǔ)境分析”猜短語(yǔ) 短語(yǔ)猜測(cè)題是一個(gè)從“已知”得出“未知”的過(guò)程, 即利用該短語(yǔ)前后的已知部分進(jìn)行推理判斷。首先注意分析短語(yǔ)的意思, 然后結(jié)合具體語(yǔ)境去推測(cè)短語(yǔ)的含義更有利于解決問(wèn)題。 2. 常見(jiàn)命題方式 The underlined phrase. . . could be replaced by_. What does the underlined phrase. . . refer to?,【誤區(qū)糾偏】 短語(yǔ)猜測(cè)題的干擾項(xiàng)一般是以下幾種情況: 1. 短

11、語(yǔ)的字面意思。 2. 文中出現(xiàn)的與猜測(cè)無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容。 3. 命題人憑空杜撰的內(nèi)容。,考點(diǎn)3猜測(cè)句意類(lèi) 【典例】(2015浙江高考D片段) In 2004, when my daughter Becky was ten, she and my husband, Joe, were united in their desire for a dog. As for me, I shared none of their canine lust. But why, they pleaded. “Because I dont have time to take care of a dog. ”“But we

12、ll do it. “Really? Youre going to walk the dog? Feed the dog? Bathe the dog? ”Yes, yes, and yes. “I dont believe you. ”We will. We promise.,They didnt. From day two (everyone wanted to walk the cute puppy that first day), neither thought to walk the dog. While I was slow to accept that I would be th

13、e one to keep track of her shots, to schedule her vet appointments, to feed and clean her, Misty knew this on day one. As she looked up at the three new humans in her life(small, medium, and large), she calculated, “The medium one is the sucker in the pack. ” ,Q: Which of the following is the closes

14、t in meaning to “The medium one is the sucker in the pack. ”(Paragraph 3)? A. “The middle-aged person loves me most. ” B. “The medium-sized woman is the hostess. ” C. “The man in the middle is the one who has the final say. ” D. “The woman is the kind and trustworthy one in the family. ”,【解題思路】 速讀文章

15、, 試找出與畫(huà)線句相關(guān)的句子, 并找出關(guān)鍵詞: 畫(huà)線句: The medium one is the sucker in the pack. 相關(guān)句: _ _ _ 嘗試解答: _,From day two. . . , neither thought to walk the dog.,While I was slow to accept that I would be the one to. . . , Misty knew,this on day one.,D,【解題技巧】 1. “意義吻合”定句意 句意猜測(cè)題要求考生通過(guò)閱讀文章, 用合適的語(yǔ)句對(duì)其進(jìn)行解釋性的描述。 返回原文, 找到該句,

16、 對(duì)原句進(jìn)行語(yǔ)法和邏輯關(guān)系的準(zhǔn)確分析。對(duì)于需要推理的句意理解, 首先要理解句子前后的語(yǔ)境, 其次對(duì)此句在文章中的意思進(jìn)行合理的推斷, 最后再歸納總結(jié)。 一般說(shuō)來(lái), 正確選項(xiàng)的意思與原句的意思完全相同, 是用其他的英語(yǔ)詞匯或句式來(lái)表達(dá)。,2. 常見(jiàn)命題方式 Which of the following best explains the underlined part. . . ? What is the implied meaning of the underlined sentence above?,考點(diǎn)4猜測(cè)指代類(lèi) 【典例】 (2015浙江高考C片段) . . . Instead, we

17、are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the suns light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us dont think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet its the only way to explain what weve done to the night: Weve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.,The benef

18、its of this kind of engineering come with consequencescalled light pollutionwhose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design, which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. -designed lighting washes out th

19、e darkness of night and completely changes the light levelsand light rhythmsto which many forms of life, including ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected. . . .,Q: What does“it”(Paragraph 1)most probably refer to? A. The night. B.

20、 The moon. C. The sky. D. The planet.,【解題思路】 速讀文章, 找出相關(guān)句并找出關(guān)鍵詞。 Yet its the only way to explain what weve done to the night: Weve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light. 嘗試解答: _,A,【解題技巧】 1. “就近原則”判指代 此類(lèi)題目要求考生根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷代詞(this, that, it, they, them, one, which等)或代動(dòng)詞(do, does, did等)究竟指代什么。具體方法: 返回原文, 找出指代詞(it, they, them, this. . . )。 向上(有時(shí)向下)搜索, 找最近的名詞、代詞、短語(yǔ)或