2010、2011、2012 考研英語二 翻譯真題解析

1、考研英語二翻譯真題、參考答案和來源分析Sustainability has becomea popular word these days, but to Ted Ning,the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed through every day actio

2、n and choice.當今，“可持續(xù)性”已經成為了一個流行的詞語.但是，對特德寧來說，它對這個詞有著自身的體會.在忍受了一段痛苦的、難以為繼的生活之后，他清楚地認識到，以可持續(xù)發(fā)展為導向的生活價值必須通過日常的活動和做出的選擇表現出來.Ning recalls spending a confusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. Hed been through the dot-com boom and burst and, desperate for a job, signed on with a Boulder agency.寧回

3、憶了在上個世紀90年代末期的某一年，他賣保險，那是一種渾渾噩噩的生活.在經歷了網絡經濟的興盛和衰敗之后，他非常渴望得到一份工作，于是和一家博德的代理公司簽了合約.It didnt go well. It was a really bad move because thats not my passion, says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. I was miserable. I had so much anxiety that I would wake up

4、in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said,” Just wait, youll turn the corner, give it some time.事情進展不順，“那的確是很糟糕的一種選擇，因為那并非是我的激情所在，”寧如是說.可以想象，他這種工作上的窘境是由于銷售業(yè)績不良造成的.“我覺得很悲哀.我太擔心了，以至于我會在半夜醒來，盯著天花板.沒有錢，我需要這份工作.每個人都會說，等吧，總會有轉機的，給點時間吧.”原文：原文是來自一份

5、雜志，叫“experience life”，出題人做了部分改動，原文和改動的文章如下：Sustainability has become something of a buzzword(出題人把這個單詞改為popular word) these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainabilit

6、y-oriented values must be expressed through everyday action and choice.Ning, director of LOHAS (Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability), the Boulder, Colo.based information clearinghouse on sustainable living, recalls spending a tumultuous（出題人把這個詞改為了confusing） year in the late 90s selling insurance

7、. Hed been through the dot-com boom and bust（出題人似乎把這個詞改為burst了） and, desperate for a job, signed on with a Boulder agency.It didnt go well. “It was a really bad move because thats not my passion,” says Ning, whose ambivalence about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. “I was misera

8、ble. I had so much anxiety that I would pull alongside of the highway and vomit, or wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, Just wait, youll turn the corner, give it some time.”Ning stuck it out for a year because he simply didnt

9、 know what else to do, but felt his happiness and health suffer as a result. He eventually quit and stumbled upon LOHAS in a help-wanted ad for a data analyst. “I didnt know what LOHAS was,” he says, “but it sounded kinda neat.” It turned out to be a better fit than he could have ever imagined.At th

10、e time, the LOHAS organization did little more than host a small annual conference in Boulder. It was a forum where progressive-minded companies could gather to compare notes on how to reach a values-driven segment of consumers the LOHAS market who seemed attracted to products and services that mirr

11、ored their interest in health, environmental stewardship, social justice, personal development and sustainable living.In contrast with his disastrous foray into the insurance business, Nings new job felt like coming home. Growing up in the foothills of the Rockies outside of Denver, hed developed a

12、love of the outdoors and a respect for the earth, while his parents provided a model of social activism the family traveled widely, and at one point his parents created and operated a nonprofit that offered microcredit loans to small businesses in Vietnam and Guatemala. He has three adopted sisters

13、from Vietnam and Korea. He studied international relations and Chinese at Colorado University and slipped easily into the Boulder lifestyle commuting by bike, eating organics, buying local and the rest though he stopped short of the patchouli-and-dreadlocks phase embraced by many of his peers. (He o

14、pted instead for the universitys ski team and, after graduating, wound up coaching the Japanese development team during the Nagano Olympics in 1998.)From his ground-level job, Ning moved quickly up the ranks in the organization, becoming its executive director in 2006. “When I got the job, LOHAS was

15、 a sleepy conference in Boulder,” says Ning. Today, the forum is booming, the organization is expanding and the market is evolving. Ning has more than grown into the position he stumbled on in the want ads. “I dont consider this a job. It is really more of a calling.”Ning, 41, coordinates the confer

16、ence and oversees the organizations annual journal and Web site (), while compiling research on trends and opportunities for businesses. He also travels the country promoting and explaining the LOHAS concept and the burgeoning market it represents.First identified by sociologist Paul Ra

17、y in the mid-1990s as “cultural creatives,” the U.S. market segment that embraces LOHAS today has grown to about 41 million consumers, or roughly 19 percent of American adults. But those LOHAS consumers are powerfully influencing the attitudes and behaviors of others (witness the rise of interest in

18、 yoga, all-natural products, simplicity and hybrid vehicles). Which is why LOHAS-related products now generate an estimated $209 billion annually.“Over the last two years a green tidal wave has come over us,” says Ning. Riding that wave, says Ning, is not about jumping on a trend bandwagon. Its conn

19、ecting with and acting on a set of shared, instrinsic values. “People know what is authentic. You cant preach this lifestyle and not live it,” he says. He and his wife, Jenifer, live in a solar-powered home, raise organic vegetables in their backyard and drive a car that gets 48 miles to the gallon.

20、 He even buys carbon offsets to negate the global warming impact of his cell phone.Ning emphasizes that there are many different ways of “l(fā)iving LOHAS.” Ultimately, its really about finding a way of life that makes sense and feels good now and for the long haul. “People are looking internally,” he s

21、ays, “asking themselves, What really makes me happy? Is it the fact that I can go out and buy that giant flat-screen TV, or is it that I can have a quiet evening with my family just hanging out and playing a game of Scrabble?”For Ning, its a no-brainer. Hell take Scrabble every time.Laine Bergeson i

22、s an Experience Life senior editor.考研英語二翻譯真題、參考答案和來源分析Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volumes of greenhouse gases as the worlds airlines do-rough 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?全球范圍內，信息技術行業(yè)與航空業(yè)產生的溫室氣體總量相同約占二氧化碳排放總量的2%，這有誰曾想到過？Many everyday tasks take a

23、surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers.

24、While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.許多日常工作對環(huán)境造成的損失大得驚人.每一次谷歌搜索能釋放0.2到0.7克的二氧化碳，這取決于為了獲得“正確”答案你試過多少次.為了迅速向用戶提供搜索結果，谷歌不得不在世界各地建立大型數據中心，安裝一臺臺強大的計算機.這些計算機不僅產生大量的二氧化碳，還釋放大量熱能，因此這些數據

25、中心需要良好的空調設備，這甚至會耗費更多的能源.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be done, and not just by big companies.然而，谷歌和其他大型技術供應商嚴密地監(jiān)控其效果，并做出改進.監(jiān)控是減排的第一步，仍有太多問題需要解決，并且不只是由大公司

26、來解決.原文：Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the worlds airlines do - roughly 2 per cent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO

27、2, depending on how many attempts are needed to get the right answer. At the upper end of the scale, two searches create roughly the same emissions as boiling a kettle.To deliver results to its users quickly, Google has to maintain vast data centres around the world, packed with powerful computers.

28、As well as producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned - which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers such as BT, IBM, Microsoft and Amazon monitor their efficiency closely and make improveme

29、nts. (Google claims to be more efficient than most.) Recently, industry and government agencies from the US, Europe and Japan reached an agreement, orchestrated by the Green Grid, an American industry consortium, on how to benchmark the energy efficiency of data centres. Monitoring is the first step

30、 on the road to reduction, but theres much more to be done, and not just by big companies.Simple things - such as turning devices off when they are not in use - can help to reduce the impact of our love affair with all things digital. Research from the National Energy Foundation in the UK found that

31、 nearly 20 per cent of workers dont turn their PCs off at the end ofthe day, wasting 1.5 billion kWh of electricity per year - which equates to the annual CO2 produced by 200,000 small family cars.Technology could have a huge role to play in reducing energy consumption - just think of the number of

32、car and bus journeys saved by something as simple as online banking. But the sector must still work harder to get its own house in order.Jason Stamper is NS technology correspondent and editor of Computer Business Review考研英語二翻譯真題、參考答案和來源分析When people in developing countries worry about migration, th

33、ey are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college gradu

34、ates.發(fā)展中國家的人們若為移民問題操心，往往是想到硅谷或發(fā)達國家的醫(yī)院和大學去創(chuàng)造自己最輝煌的未來.英國、加拿大和澳大利亞等國給大學畢業(yè)生提供的優(yōu)惠移民政策，就是為了吸引這部分人群.Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate. A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than

35、a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25. The “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in thei

36、r hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make.諸多研究表明，發(fā)展中國家受過良好教育的人才往往可能有移民傾向.2004年，曾針對印度家庭進行過一次大型調查，結果發(fā)現，近40%有移民傾向的人受過中學以上教育，而25歲以上的印度人只有約3.3%受過中學以上教育.“人才流失”問題長期以來一直讓發(fā)展中國家的決策者很苦惱，他們擔心這種情況會危及其經濟發(fā)展，奪去他們緊缺的技術人才，而這些人才本該在他們自己的大學任教，在他們自己的醫(yī)院工作，為他們自己的工廠研發(fā)新產品.原文：WHEN people in

37、rich countries worry about migration, they tend to think of low-paid incomers who compete for jobs as construction workers, dishwashers or farmhands. When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest decamping to Silicon

38、 Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates. Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries

39、are particularly likely to emigrate. By some estimates, two-thirds of highly educated Cape Verdeans live outside the country. A big survey of Indian households carried out in 2004 asked about family members who had moved abroad. It found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school educa

40、tion, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25. This “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and co

41、me up with clever new products for their factories to make. Many now take issue with this view (see article). Several economists reckon that the brain-drain hypothesis fails to account for the effects of remittances, for the beneficial effects of returning migrants, and for the possibility that bein

42、g able to migrate to greener pastures induces people to get more education. Some argue that once these factors are taken into account, an exodus of highly skilled people could turn out to be a net benefit to the countries they leave. Recent studies of migration from countries as far apart as Ghana,

43、Fiji, India and Romania have found support for this “brain gain” idea.The most obvious way in which migrants repay their homelands is through remittances. Workers from developing countries remitted a total of $325 billion in 2010, according to the World Bank. In Lebanon, Lesotho, Nepal, Tajikistan a

44、nd a few other places, remittances are more than 20% of GDP. A skilled migrant may earn several multiples of what his income would have been had he stayed at home. A study of Romanian migrants to America found that the average emigrant earned almost $12,000 a year more in America than he would have

45、done in his native land, a huge premium for someone from a country where income per person is around $7,500 (at market exchange rates).It is true that many skilled migrants have been educated and trained partly at the expense of their (often cash-strapped) governments. Some argue that poor countries

46、 should therefore rethink how much they spend on higher education. Indians, for example, often debate whether their government should continue to subsidise the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), its elite engineering schools, when large numbers of IIT graduates end up in Silicon Valley or on Wa

47、ll Street. But a new study of remittances sent home by Ghanaian migrants suggests that on average they transfer enough over their working lives to cover the amount spent on educating them several times over. The study finds that once remittances are taken into account, the cost of education would ha

48、ve to be 5.6 times the official figure to make it a losing proposition for Ghana. There are more subtle ways in which the departure of some skilled people may aid poorer countries. Some emigrants would have been jobless had they stayed. Studies have found that unemployment rates among young people with college degrees in countries like Morocco and Tunisia are several multiples of those among the poorly educated, perhaps because graduates are more demanding. Migration may lead to a more productive pairing of peoples skills and jobs. Some of the be