初中一年級英語第一冊enogh等的用法及練習(xí).ppt

1、,1.too to . ： “太 而不能” 2.not enough to ：“做 而不夠” 3.sothat: “如此.以至于” 4.suchthat“如此.以至于”,too to . ; not enough to Step 1 利用提示詞練說 tooto do 和not enough to do句 子。 如：1. The snake / dangerous/ hold . / The boy not brave The snake is too dangerous to hold. The boy is not brave enough to hold it . tooto do意思是

2、“太 而不能” not enough to do “做 而不夠” to do中的do 可否變換形式。在準(zhǔn)確理解的基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)看圖 說話。 2. The girl / short / get on the elephant. / she / not / tall . 3. The elephant / heavy / carry. / The boy / not strong. 4. The elephant / fat / go through the gate. / The gate / not wide. 5. The monkey / far away / get the bananas.

3、 / The bananas / not near. 6. The cat/ slow/ catch the bird./ It / cannot run/ fast .,Step 2 拋磚引玉 板書The snake is too dangerous to hold. The boy is not brave enough to hold it . (改為同義句) The snake is so dangerous that the boy _ hold it. 學(xué)生在理解的基礎(chǔ)上探求答案，在探求答案的過程中獲得新知。 板書 so that + 含有cant / couldnt do的否定句

4、等同于tooto do; not enough to do 同步操練：1. The girl is too short to get on the elephant. (改為同義句) The girl _ to get on the elephant. The girl _that she _ get on the elephant. The elephant _ _ that the girl get on it . The elephant _ enough _ the girl _ get on. The elephant _tall _ the girl _ get on.,is no

5、t tall enough,is so short cant,is so tall cant,is not short for,to,is so that,cant,完成句子后求異： 與原句比較后發(fā)現(xiàn)：由too to do 結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換為not enough to do 結(jié)構(gòu)時，要找到句中形容詞的反義詞。 與比較后發(fā)現(xiàn)：so that + 含有cant / couldnt do的否定句結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，若主從句的主語不一致時，改寫為too to do 或not enough to do 結(jié)構(gòu)時, 要在不定式to do前添for sb ，若主從句的主語一致，則不須添for sb。如： He is so y

6、oung that he cant go to school. (改為同義句) He too young to go to school . He not old enough to go to school. 觀察 、 兩句可得：在too to do 或not enough to do 的句子中，若to do 的賓語與句子的主語相一致時，須省略it。 發(fā)散思維：若把句子改為過去時，應(yīng)該怎么辦？ 1. The girl was too short to get on the elephant. (改為同義句) The elephant was so tall_ that the girl co

7、uldnt get on it . 2. He ran very fast. He couldnt stop. He ran too fast to stop. He ran so fast that he couldnt stop. (方法是句型轉(zhuǎn)換時要注意時態(tài)一致。),Step 3 鏈接中考 The panda is so fat that it cant go through the hole.(改寫為同一意思的句子) The hole _ such a fat panda to go through. The ice on the lake was so thin that peopl

8、e couldnt skate on it. (改寫為同一意思的句子) The ice on the lake was not _ enough _ people _. Mr. King is very busy at work. He cant take a holiday.(改為同義句) Mr. King is _ take a holiday. My grandfather is too old to travel around. (改為同義句) My grandfather is _ old _ he _ travel around any _,is not big enough fo

9、r,thick for to skate on,too busy to,so that,cant country,Step 4 鞏固練習(xí) My brother was so clever that he could work out the problem. (改為同義句) My brother _ work out the problem. The box isnt light enough for him to carry. (改為同義句) The box _ for him _ carry. He is very short . He cant reach the book on the

10、 shelf.(合并為一句) He is _ reach the book on the shelf. The water was so dirty. We cant drink it. (改為同義句) The water was too _ . The water in this river is very dirty. Fishes cant live in it. The water in this river is _ that fishes _ in it. My brother got up late yesterday. He was late for school. My br

11、other got up _ that he was late for school,is too clever to,is too heavy to,too short to,dirty for us to drink,so dirty cant live,so late,同樣的tooto結(jié)構(gòu)，不同樣的含義 “too形容詞/ 副詞動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)簡稱為“too.to”結(jié)構(gòu)，是初中英語中一個十分重要的結(jié)構(gòu)，同時也是中考英語考查的一個十分重要的考點，同學(xué)們在學(xué)習(xí)或復(fù)習(xí)時應(yīng)注意以下幾點： 一、tooto結(jié)構(gòu)表示否定含義 表示否定意義，在翻譯時，通?？勺g為“太而不能”、“太無法”。常用的句型有五種。

12、 1.“主語（人）+謂語動詞+too形容詞/ 副詞to do sth.”這個句型是too.to結(jié)構(gòu)最基本的常用句型。主語是動詞不定式的執(zhí)行者，too后接形容詞或副詞原級，有時too后也可跟一個起形容詞作用的過去分詞，to后接動詞原形。如： The boy is too young to go to school. 這男孩年齡太小，不能上學(xué)。 He walks too slowly to get there on time. 他走得太慢，不能按時到達(dá)那兒。,2“主語（物）+謂語動詞+too形容詞/ 副詞+ to do ”這個句型也是too.to結(jié)構(gòu)最基本的常用句型。主語是動詞不定式的承受者，此時

13、用主動式表示被動涵義。在這個句型中，句子的主語和不定式的賓語是指同一個事物，則賓語不能重復(fù)，必須省掉。如： The hat is too large to wear. 這帽子太大，沒法戴。 The tea is too hot to drink. 茶太熱，不能喝 3“主語（物）+謂語動詞+too形容詞/ 副詞+ to be done”，這是“too.to”結(jié)構(gòu)中主語是不定式動作的承受者，動詞不定式用被動式，后不能帶賓語。如： The tea is too hot to be drunk.茶太熱，不能喝。 。 The shoes are too badly broken to be mended

14、.這些鞋子破爛得不能修補(bǔ)。,4當(dāng)句子的主語與動詞不定式的邏輯主語不一樣時，要用句型“主語+謂語動詞+too形容詞/ 副詞for sb +to do ”，在這個句型中，句子主語和不定式的賓語是指同一個事物，則賓語不能重復(fù)，必須省掉。如果句子的主語是物時，for sb.可以省略，并不會影響句子否定意義的表達(dá)。如： 這個箱子太重，我搬不動。 誤：This box is too heavy for me to carry it. 正：This box is too heavy for me to carry. 這輛小汽車太貴，他買不起。 誤：The car is too expensive for h

15、im to buy it. 正：The car is too expensive for him(to buy). 5tooadj.a(an)n.to do /to be done，這個句型在too形容詞后再接一個帶不定冠詞的名詞，不定冠詞一定要放在形容詞后，只有當(dāng)too后形容詞修飾一個可數(shù)名詞時，才可以在形容詞與名詞間加不定冠詞“a/an”。當(dāng)句子主語是動詞不定式的執(zhí)行者時，用to do主動式，當(dāng)主語是動詞不定式的承受者時，則用to be done被動式。如： Hes too experienced an artist to mind what the critics say. As an

16、artist hes too experienced to mind what the critics say. 他是個經(jīng)驗非常豐富的藝術(shù)家，不會介意批評家說些什么。 He is too experienced an artist to be worried by what the critics say. 他是一個經(jīng)驗非常豐富的藝術(shù)家，不至于為批評家們的議論而擔(dān)憂。,二、tooto結(jié)構(gòu)表示否定含義時，可以與enough to. 結(jié)構(gòu)及so. that.結(jié)構(gòu)相互轉(zhuǎn)換。 1將too.to.結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換為enough to. 結(jié)構(gòu)時，要注意： enough 前的形容詞或副詞應(yīng)是too后面形容詞或副詞的

17、反義詞； enough to. 句式須用否定式； too. to.結(jié)構(gòu)有邏輯主語時，enough to. 結(jié)構(gòu)也要加上邏輯主語。如： She is too young to do the work. = She isnt old enough to do the work. The problem is too hard for him to work out. = The problem isnt easy enough for him to work out. 2將too.to.結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換為so. that. 結(jié)構(gòu)時，要注意： so. that. 結(jié)構(gòu)是復(fù)合句，so后面接too后的形容詞或副

18、詞，that后面接從句，tooto結(jié)構(gòu)中沒有邏輯主語時，that后面從句的主語要用原tooto結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語；too. to.結(jié)構(gòu)有邏輯主語時，邏輯主語就變成that從句的主語。, that后面的從句要用否定形式。如： She is too young to go to school. = She is so young that she cant go to school. The problem is too hard for him to work out. = The problem is so hard that he cant work out. 三、too.to結(jié)構(gòu)表示肯定意義：

19、1“too.to”結(jié)構(gòu)之前帶有but, only, all, never, not時，是強(qiáng)調(diào)肯定的表示法，譯作“非常、十分、實在、真是太”等。如： I am but too glad to do so. 我非常喜歡這樣做。 We are only too happy to live in China. 生活在中國，我們太幸福了。 They are all too satisfied to go and do this work. 他們很樂意地去做這項工作。 Youre never too old to enjoy a Christmas stocking. 你絕對不會老得不能獲得圣誕長襪帶來的

20、快樂。 English is not too difficult to learn.英語并不難學(xué)。,2“too.to”結(jié)構(gòu)中帶有表示某種心情或描繪性的形容詞或副詞，如ready, apt, eager, satisfied, inclined, kind, willing, easy, anxious等加動詞不定式結(jié)合成一個不可分割的狀態(tài)、態(tài)度、傾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是說明too的具體內(nèi)容，而是修飾形容詞，故不定式不再表示結(jié)果。如： Comrade Lei Feng was too ready to help others.雷鋒同志樂于助人。 The old woman is too

21、 apt to forget.這位老太太太健忘了。 We are too willing to be scientists.我們太想當(dāng)科學(xué)家了。 He is too inclined to be cheated.他很容易上當(dāng)受騙。 He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想干這件工作。 She is too hard to deal with.她極難相處。 I am too eager to have a world travel.我很想有一次環(huán)球旅行。 Its too kind of you to tell me that. You are very kin

22、d to tell me that.你告訴我那件事真是太好了。,3在“too.to”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式為否定式時，是構(gòu)成的雙重否定，其意為“非常（很，太，那么）不會不（必定能，所以能）”，表示肯定意義。如： He is too kind not to help you.他很善良，不會不幫助你。 The girl is too careful not to do it well.這姑娘很細(xì)心，完全能干好那件事。 綜上所述，“too.to”結(jié)構(gòu)具有表示否定、肯定兩種意義的功能。因此，在遇到“too.to”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子時，必須根據(jù)上下文的意思支理解，在特定的環(huán)境中，弄通各種成分之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，靈活而具體地

23、處理，才能掌握比較準(zhǔn)確的意義，死板地將一些特別的語言現(xiàn)象去套某某公式，難免出現(xiàn)認(rèn)識上的僵化，理解也常會出錯，不能達(dá)到靈活掌握和運(yùn)用英語的教學(xué)效果。,一、變換下列句型： 1、The boy is so young that he cant look after himself. The boy is _ young _ _ after himself. 2. a. The box is so heavy that I cant carry it. b. The box is _ heavy_ _ _ carry. c. The box is not _ _ for me to carry. 3. a. The maths problem isnt easy enough for me to work out. b. The maths problem is _ difficult _ I cant work it out. c. The maths problem is _ difficult _ _ _work out. 4. a. The book is interesting