英譯漢第8講+翻譯技巧之重復(fù)法【連淑能英譯漢教程】.ppt

1、重復(fù)法,repetition,翻譯技巧,2013-4-23,第八講,grammatical repetition rhetorical reduplication and repetition,2020/8/20,2,repetition,grammatical repetition rhetorical reduplication and repetition,2020/8/20,3,repetition,grammatical repetition,語法性重復(fù) Clarity is more important than conciseness. The bitterest enemies

2、 of clarity are obscurity and ambiguity. Obscurity is cured by logical arrangement of words in accordance with good usage, while ambiguity may be remedied by skillful repetition.,2020/8/20,4,重復(fù)被修飾語 Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations. 我們來修改安全規(guī)則和衛(wèi)生規(guī)則吧。 The use of atomic weapons is a cle

3、ar violation of international law, in particular of the Geneva Convention. 使用原子武器顯然違反國際法，特別是違反日內(nèi)瓦公約。 I very much admire your determination to strengthen Chinas economy and to ensure that the fruits thereof are enjoyed by the masses who uphold Chinas socialist construction. 我非常欽佩你們決心增強(qiáng)中國經(jīng)濟(jì)，并且決心保證使從事社

4、會主義建設(shè)的人民群眾能夠享受經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的成果。,2020/8/20,5,grammatical repetition,重復(fù)修飾語 I identify myself as one of critical lovers and loving critics of the United Nations. 我自認(rèn)為我既是一個批評聯(lián)合國的愛護(hù)者，又是一個愛護(hù)聯(lián)合國的批評者。 We need materials which can bear high temperature and pressure. 我們需要能耐高溫和耐高壓的材料。 Under suitable conditions we can pr

5、oduce energy in the electrical form by the conversion of heat, mechanical and other forms of energy. 在適當(dāng)?shù)臈l件下，我們能把熱能、機(jī)械能、以及其他形式的能轉(zhuǎn)化成電能。,2020/8/20,6,grammatical repetition,重復(fù)幾個賓語所共有的動詞或幾個動詞所共有的賓語 We have to analyze and solve problems. 我們要分析問題，解決問題。 We have come here to express our gratitude and the fr

6、iendship, complete solidarity and comradeship-in-arms that unite our two peoples. 我們來這里是為了表達(dá)我們的感激之情，也是為了表達(dá)聯(lián)結(jié)我們兩國人民的友誼、完全的團(tuán)結(jié)和同志般的戰(zhàn)斗情誼。,2020/8/20,7,grammatical repetition,重復(fù)幾個賓語所共有的介詞 Despite his versatility of talent and shiftiness of purpose, this man has in his whole lifetime been wedded to the mos

7、t fossilized routine. 盡管他有隨機(jī)應(yīng)變的本領(lǐng)，盡管他的主張反復(fù)無常，但是他終生都是極端墨守成規(guī)的。 The solid friendship between our two countries took shape during our protracted struggles against colonialism, hegemonism, and outmoded relationships. 我們兩國之間的牢固友誼是在我們反對殖民主義、反對霸權(quán)主義和反對舊式關(guān)系的持久斗爭中形成的。,2020/8/20,8,grammatical repetition,重復(fù)被省略或被

8、替代的動詞 You can do it very well, if you care to. 如果你愿意做這件事，你可以做得很好。 In any case work does not include time, but power does. 在任何情況下，功不包括時間，但功率卻包括時間。 Reading exercises ones eyes; speaking, ones tongue; while writing, ones mind. 閱讀訓(xùn)練人的眼睛，說話訓(xùn)練人的口齒，寫作訓(xùn)練人的思維。,2020/8/20,9,grammatical repetition,重復(fù)代詞所代替的名詞 Wa

9、ter evaporates more rapidly when the temperature is high than when it is low. 溫度高，水蒸發(fā)得快；溫度低，水蒸發(fā)得慢。 Translation from English into Chinese is not as easy as that from English to French. 英譯漢不如英譯法容易。 A chemical change is one in which the structure of particles is changed and a new substance is formed. 化

10、學(xué)變化是改變粒子結(jié)構(gòu)、形成新物質(zhì)的一種變化。,2020/8/20,10,grammatical repetition,重復(fù)名詞或動詞，以代替英語的關(guān)系詞或連接詞 Radar is a newly developed technique by which people can see the things beyond the visibility of them. 雷達(dá)是一種新開發(fā)的技術(shù)，利用雷達(dá)人們能看到視線以外的東西。 We have advocated the principle of peaceful co-existence, which is now growing more an

11、d more popular among the nations of Asia and Africa. 我們提倡和平共處的原則，這個原則目前在亞非各國越來越得人心了。 Peace-loving people can only wish that the victory in election be utilized and consolidated, and that a stable government be formed in that country. 愛好和平的人只希望這次選舉的勝利能得到利用，并加以鞏固，也希望該國能建立一個穩(wěn)定的政府。,2020/8/20,11,grammati

12、cal repetition,重復(fù)下義詞，代替上義詞 An electron tube is generally used for amplification, and vacuum tube is another name for this device. 電子管通常用來放大，而真空管則是電子管的另一名稱。 On July 14, 1965, Mariner IV passed within 6,000 miles of Mars and transmitted back to the earth 21 pictures of the surface of that planet. 1965

13、年7月14日，“海員四號”從離火星不到6000英里處經(jīng)過，把21張火星表面的照片傳回了地球。 The monkeys most extraordinary accomplishment was learning to operate a tractor. By the age of nine, the monkey had learned to solo on the vehicle. 這只猴子最了不起的技能是學(xué)會駕駛拖拉機(jī)。到了九歲的時候，這只猴子已經(jīng)學(xué)會單獨表演駕駛拖拉機(jī)了。,2020/8/20,12e,grammatical repetition,grammatical repetiti

14、on rhetorical reduplication and repetition,2020/8/20,13,repetition,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,修辭性重疊和重復(fù) It is one of the peculiarities of Chinese to reduplicate characters or words in word-formation and to repeat the similar word or expression in a discourse for expressiveness and parall

15、elism. This device, rhetorical or grammatical, can render translations more appealing to Chinese reader.,2020/8/20,14,重疊字或詞 名詞重疊，表示“每個”、“所有”、“許多”、“小”、“雜”或某種感情色彩等 AA: 人人、天天、年年、事事 AABB: 男男女女、世世代代、風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨、日日夜夜 數(shù)量詞重疊，表示“每個”、“逐個”、“許多”或某種感情色彩 BB: 個個、件件、條條、篇篇、層層 ABB: 一塊塊、一滴滴、一朵朵 ABAB: 一次一次、一步一步、一顆一顆 AABB: 千千萬

16、萬、三三兩兩,2020/8/20,15,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,動詞重疊，表示動作的輕微、反復(fù)、完成、連續(xù)、輕松、隨便等 AA: 說說、聽聽、想想、試試、歇歇 A一/了A: 走一走、搖一搖、笑了笑、看了看 ABAB: 考慮考慮、收拾收拾、整理整理、休息休息 AABB: 進(jìn)進(jìn)出出、搖搖晃晃、吞吞吐吐、吵吵嚷嚷 A著A著/A了A了: 聽著聽著、看著看著、老了老了、完了完了,2020/8/20,16,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,形容詞重疊，表示程度的加重、加深、加強(qiáng)、減輕或喜愛、厭惡等情緒 A

17、A: 高高、厚厚、小小、長長、細(xì)細(xì) A一/了A: 走一走、搖一搖、笑了笑、看了看 AABB: 干干凈凈、花花綠綠、歪歪斜斜 ABAB: 筆直筆直、通紅通紅、雪白雪白、嶄新嶄新,2020/8/20,17,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,附加式重疊，主要用來使表達(dá)形象、生動、活潑，其格式尤其豐富多彩 AAX: 毛毛雨、呱呱叫、團(tuán)團(tuán)轉(zhuǎn)、步步高、蒙蒙亮 XAA: 水汪汪、羞答答、笑瞇瞇、亮晶晶、白茫茫 AAXY: 花花世界、心心相印、娓娓動聽、歷歷在目、脈脈含情 XYAA: 衣冠楚楚、憂心忡忡、楊柳依依、風(fēng)雨瀟瀟 A里AB: 羅哩羅嗦、糊里糊涂、古里古怪

18、、慌里慌張,2020/8/20,18,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,偏正并列式、動賓并列式、主謂并列式及其他形式的重疊 ABAC: 難兄難弟、繪聲繪色、沒大沒小、所作所為 ABCB: 以毒攻毒、愛理不理、好說歹說、一拖再拖 ABA: 面對面、心連心、手拉手、肩并肩、背靠背 象聲詞重疊，形式多種多樣。這類詞有很大的可創(chuàng)性，有的純粹摹擬聲音，有的表示聲音的一個自然段落，有的表示聲音的連續(xù)或重復(fù)，有的表示聲音的雜亂。 嘩嘩、嗡嗡、呼呼、嗚嗚、喃喃、咕咕、轟隆隆、叮叮當(dāng)當(dāng)、噼噼啪啪、嘩啦嘩啦、咕嘟咕嘟,2020/8/20,19,rhetorical r

19、eduplication and repetition,Only a very slight and very scattering ripples of half-hearted hand-clapping greeted him. 歡迎他的只有幾下輕輕的、零零落落的、冷冷淡淡的掌聲。 There were only half a dozen lines in her mothers neat featureless writing, a Manhattan public school script. 她母親用曼哈頓公立學(xué)校慣用的普普通通的字體，整整齊齊地寫下了五六行的信。 On the o

20、ther side of the torpedo shop, large fires also roared and crackled, fanned by a sea wind. 魚雷工廠另一邊，海風(fēng)吹著大火，燒得轟轟隆隆、劈劈啪啪直響。,2020/8/20,20,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,There were platters of smoking sausages and sauerkraut, there were many whole pink hams, there were mounds of boiled potatoes,

21、 piles of fried chicken, stacked loaves of fresh bread, pitchers of beer, immense whole yellow and orange cheeses. 桌上擺滿了一大盤一大盤的熏香腸和酸白菜，整塊整塊粉紅的火腿，一堆堆煮熟的馬鈴薯和油炸子雞，一摞摞新鮮的面包，大壺大壺的啤酒，許多整塊整塊的黃色和橘紅色干酪。,2020/8/20,21,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,She dropped her voice, and looked so sad and piteous.

22、 At the expiration of that time, wheels were heard whirling up to the gate. He walked down the line shaking hands with each and mumbling a few words that were inaudible. Huge, riven and blazing wrecks that only minutes before had been majestic aircraft carriers settled into the glittering Pacific.,E

23、xercise:,2020/8/20,22,She dropped her voice, and looked so sad and piteous. 她聲音放得很低，一副悲悲戚戚的樣子，真是可憐。 At the expiration of that time, wheels were heard whirling up to the gate. 過了那個時候，只聽得車聲轔轔，車很快在門前停了下來。,Answer:,2020/8/20,23,He walked down the line shaking hands with each and mumbling a few words that

24、 were inaudible. 他走了過來，同一列人逐個握手，嘴里嘰嘰咕咕，也聽不清說的是什么。 Huge, riven and blazing wrecks that only minutes before had been majestic aircraft carriers settled into the glittering Pacific. 幾分鐘前，這些航空母艦還是那么威風(fēng)凜凜，不久就變成豁裂殘斷、熊熊烈火的龐大殘骸，漸漸沉入了波光粼粼的太平洋。,Answer:,2020/8/20,24,重復(fù)同義字或詞,2020/8/20,25,rhetorical reduplication

25、 and repetition,horrified earth-shaking satisfactory from door to door moan and groan to talk nonsense ardent loyalty outlandish clothes,驚心動魄 驚天動地 稱心如意 挨門逐戶 唉聲嘆氣 胡言亂語 赤膽忠心 奇裝異服,2020/8/20,26,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,heart and soul rumors and slanders remote barren land utterly exhauste

26、d demons and ghosts with great eagerness by hook or by crook to become a household word,全心全意 流言蜚語 窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤 精疲力竭 妖魔鬼怪/牛鬼蛇神 如饑似渴 千方百計/想方設(shè)法 家喻戶曉,重復(fù)詞語或表達(dá)法 It is no use doing what you like; you have to like what you do. 愛一行干一行不行，要干一行愛一行。 At this, much bewildered, the reporter lamely apologized and made off d

27、own the street, occasionally glancing back and evidently undecided whether to believe his eyes or his ears. 聽到這番話，這記者被弄得糊里糊涂，一面支支吾吾地道歉著，一面匆匆地順著街道溜走了，不時地回過頭來看看，顯然拿不定主意到底是相信自己的眼睛，還是相信自己的耳朵。,2020/8/20,27,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,He went wherever there was the greatest need. The weather a

28、lternates between sunshine and rain. Our old clothes and few sticks of furniture have been pawned or sold. The men of Moscow huff and puff, complain, warn, bluster and no one seems to pay any attention.,Exercise:,2020/8/20,28,He went wherever there was the greatest need. 哪里最需要，他就到哪里去。 The weather al

29、ternates between sunshine and rain. 時而天晴，時而下雨。 Our old clothes and few sticks of furniture have been pawned or sold. 我們一些舊衣服和舊家具，當(dāng)?shù)漠?dāng)了，賣的賣了。 The men of Moscow huff and puff, complain, warn, bluster and no one seems to pay any attention. 莫斯科的當(dāng)家人吹胡子，瞪眼睛，怒氣沖沖，牢騷滿腹，又是警告，又是大喊大叫可是好像誰也不置理。,Answer:,2020/8/20

30、,29,漢語特有句式中動詞的重復(fù) She has read few books. 她讀書讀得不多。 她書讀得不多。 書她讀得不多。 In “S+V+O” sentence pattern, adverbial adjunct (狀語補(bǔ)語) is idiomatically placed after the repetition of the verb. However, if the object is put before the verb, the repetition of the verb is not necessary, and the meaning remains unchan

31、ged.,2020/8/20,30,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,He spoke in an irritating way. 他說話說得令人不快。 He is tipsy. 他喝酒喝醉了。 His illness this time was caused by a cold bath. 他這場病呀，準(zhǔn)是洗冷水澡給洗出來的。,2020/8/20,31,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,在漢語口語中，有時需要重復(fù)動詞（或形容詞、名詞）以表達(dá)讓步或其他情感；英語則不需要重復(fù)。 I have made p

32、roposals, but they proved futile. 說是說了，但沒有結(jié)果。 I have tried, but my efforts were a failure. 做是做了，但沒有成功。 I shall go later but I cant leave just now. 去是要去，但是現(xiàn)在還不能走。 Its a good idea, but Im afraid its impracticable. 這個主意好是好，但恐怕行不通。,2020/8/20,32,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,英漢語類似的重復(fù) I am persu

33、aded that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor things present, nor things to come, nor powers, nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature shall be able to separate us from the love of God. 我相信：死亡也好，生命也好，天使也好，君主也好，現(xiàn)在的東西也好，未來的東西也好，權(quán)力也好，高度也好，深度也好，任何其他生物也好，統(tǒng)統(tǒng)不能使我們脫離上帝的愛。,2020/

34、8/20,33,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,Proverbs are the popular saying that brighten so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that you are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from elegantes. Brief and colorful, they more often than not carry a sting.

35、諺語是使拉丁美洲人民言談生動活潑的流行俗語，是洗練睿智的語言。大學(xué)教授說，田野農(nóng)夫也說，市井乞丐說，名媛閨秀也說。諺語簡潔明快，豐富多彩，往往帶刺。,2020/8/20,34,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; i

36、t was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness; it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair; we had everything before us, we had nothing before us; we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way. 這是最好的時光，這也是最壞的時光；這是智慧的年代，這也是愚蠢的年代；這是信仰的時代，這也是懷疑的時代；這是光

37、明的時節(jié)，這也是黑暗的時節(jié)；這是希望的春天，這也是絕望的冬天；我們面前萬物皆有，我們面前也一無所有；我們都在直登天堂，我們也都在直下地獄。,2020/8/20,35,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,英語中的“疊詞”,2020/8/20,36,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,hurry-scurry hurly-burly silly billy tick tock fiddle-faddle crisscross tittle-tattle pell-mell,慌忙亂竄 騷亂，喧鬧 笨蛋 滴答聲 瞎

38、搞；胡說 十字形；雜亂無章，混亂狀態(tài) 閑聊，漫談 混亂的，亂七八糟,2020/8/20,37,rhetorical reduplication and repetition,dillydally slip-slop nitty-gritty hanky-panky namby-pamby higgledy-piggledy hugger-mugger heebie-geebies shilly-shally,吊兒郎當(dāng)?shù)叵r間 平淡的 本質(zhì)，基本事實 欺騙、耍花招 優(yōu)柔寡斷的 亂七八糟 混亂 神經(jīng)緊張 猶豫不決,Nothing venture, nothing have. Out of sig

39、ht, out of mind. Love me, love my dog. Nothing happens for nothing. No news is good news. He laughs best who laughs last. Self do, self have. Talk much, err much. Know something of everything and everything of something.,Exercise: 諺語,2020/8/20,38,Nothing venture, nothing have. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不