《新編英語教程》第-3-冊的課文.doc

新編英語教程（修訂版）第三冊Unit 1見教材P1 My First Job我的第一份工作Robert Best羅伯特.貝斯特While I was waiting to enter university, I saw in a local newspaper a teaching post advertised at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience of teaching my chances of landing the job were slim. 那年，我考上了大學，還沒有入校時，在本地一家報紙上看到一所學校發(fā)布廣告，招聘一名教師。這所學校位于倫敦郊區(qū)，距離我住的地方大約有十英里。當時因為急需用錢，又想做些有意義的事情，于是我就提出了申請。但是同時，我又擔心，既沒有學位又沒有教學經驗，所以獲得這個職位的可能性非常小。However, three days later a letter arrived, summoning me to Croydon for an interview. It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous. 然而，三天以后來信了，通知我到Croydon參加面試。路很不好走，先坐火車到Croydon車站，再坐十分鐘的公交車，最后步行至少0.25英里才到達目的地。那可是六月天的上午，天氣很熱，我非常沮喪，也非常緊張，簡直都崩潰了。The school was a dreary, gabled Victorian house of red brick and with big staring sash-windows. The front garden was a gravel square; four evergreen shrubs stood at each corner, where they struggled to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road. 學校是一幢維多利亞時代的紅磚建筑，有山墻，有很大的垂直拉窗，閃閃發(fā)光，讓人感覺單調乏味。房前是一個由礫石鋪成的廣場，四柱常綠灌木分立四角。學校附近有一條繁忙的公路，所以有很多灰塵和廢氣，這四柱灌木在灰塵和廢氣的“折磨”下奄奄一息。It was clearly the headmaster himself that opened the door. He was short and rotund. He had a sandy-coloured moustache, a freckled forehead and hardly any hair. He was wearing a tweed suit one felt somehow he had always worn it and across his ample stomach was looped a silver watch-chain. 開門的顯然是校長。他身材矮胖，留著沙黃色的胡子，額頭上有斑點，幾乎沒有頭發(fā)。他穿著一件粗花呢外套，讓人覺得他總是穿這件衣服；肥碩的肚子上耷拉著一條銀色的表鏈。He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone. “Ah yes,” he grunted. “Youd better come inside.” The narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage; the cream-printed walls had gone a dingy margarine colour, except where they were scarred with ink marks; it was all silent. His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining room. On the mantelpiece there was a salt cellar and pepper-pot. “Youd better sit down,” he said, and proceeded to ask me a number of questions: what subjects had I taken in my General School Certificate; how old was I; what games did I play; then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes, he asked me whether I thought games were a vital part of a boys education. I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them. He grunted. I had said the wrong thing. The headmaster and I obviously had singularly little in common. 他很不屑地看著我，顯得很意外，就好像一位上校在打量一名沒有系鞋帶的列兵。他嘟嘟囔囔地說：“嗯，你進來吧！”走廊里狹窄陰暗，散發(fā)著發(fā)霉白菜的味道，很難聞；原本潔白的墻面已變成了暗淡的奶油色，上邊還有幾處墨水漬；一切都非常安靜。從地毯上的面包屑看來，書房也是他的餐廳，壁爐上放著一個鹽罐和一個胡椒粉罐。他說：“坐吧”，然后問了我?guī)讉€問題：考普通學校證書時都學過哪些課程；我多大了；我都做過哪些體育運動。然后，他突然瞪著我，眼睛里帶著血絲。他問我，運動在男孩子的受教育過程中是不是非常重要，我含含糊糊地說不要太重視。他嘟嘟囔囔著，不知道說了些什么。但是，我意識到我說錯話了，很顯然我和這位校長之間幾乎沒有相同觀點。The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen. I should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. Football and cricket were played in the Park, a mile away on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons. 校長說，學校只有一個班，有二十四個男生，年齡從七歲到十三歲不等。我要教除了藝術之外的所有課程，藝術課由他本人教。足球課和板球課安排在周三下午和周六下午，上課地點是一英里外的公園。 The teaching set-up appalled me. I should have to split the class up into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels; and I was dismayed at the thought of teaching algebra and geometry two subjects at which I had been completely incompetent at school.Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket.It was not so much having to tramp a mile along the dusty streets of Croydon, followed by a crocodile of small boys that I minded, but the fact that most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time. 學校的教學安排讓我很郁悶。我得把全班學生分成三組，而后按三個不同層次依次給他們講課。想到要教代數(shù)和幾何，我就很痛苦，這是我在學校最不擅長的兩門課。更糟糕的也許是周六下午的板球課。讓我不能忍受的還不是帶著一群孩子，沿著臟兮兮的Croydon大街，步行一英里去上課，而是這個時間我大多數(shù)朋友都在很愜意地享受悠閑。I said diffidently, “What would my salary be?”“Twelve pounds a week plus lunch.” Before I could protest，he got to his feet.“Now,” he said, “youd better meet my wife. Shes the one who really runs this school.” 我怯生生地問：“我的薪水怎么算呢？”他說：“每周十二英鎊，外加午餐”。我還沒來得及表示不同意見，他就站了起來，說：“你現(xiàn)在去見見我的夫人吧，她才是這個學校的老板。”This was the last straw.I was very young: the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity. 我實在受不了了，我這么年輕， 想到要在一個女人手下工作，這真是最大的恥辱。 結 束Unit 2見教材P16 Unwillingly on Holiday傷心的假期 Philippa Pearce菲利浦爾.皮爾斯Not all holidays are seen as pleasurable occasions.Sometimes going on holiday can be something to be dreaded.Partly it could be the change from the known routine, going somewhere where you are uncertain of what is expected or what you will find.Some people find this an exciting new experience; others face it with dread.Read the following account.What would your feelings be about going somewhere new on holiday?背景信息：并不是所有的假期都被看作讓人非常高興的時間。有時，即使是外出度假也會讓人很不開心，部分原因可能是這改變了原有的、已經習以為常的生活軌道。到一個新的地方去，人們并不確信會發(fā)生什么，也不知道會發(fā)現(xiàn)什么。有人認為，外出度假是讓人興奮的新鮮體驗，而有的人則很討厭。讀一讀下邊的文字，談一談你對到一個新地方度假的感受。 If, standing alone on the back doorstep, Tom allowed himself to weep tears, they were tears of anger.He looked his good-bye at the garden, and raged that he had to leave it leave it and Peter.They had planned to spend their time here so joyously these holidays.Tom獨自站在后門臺階，任憑自己的眼淚往下流，因為他很生氣。他依依不舍地望著花園，很不開心，因為他不得不離開小花園，離開Peter了。他們原本已經計劃好了，假期中兩個人一起在這個花園里好好玩呢。 Town gardens are small, as a rule, and the Longs garden was no exception to the rule; there was a vegetable plot and a grass plot and one flower-bed and a rough patch by the back fence. In this last the apple-tree grew: it was large, but bore very little fruit, and accordingly the two boys had always been allowed to climb freely over it. These holidays they would have built a tree-house among its branches. 城市里的花園通常都很小，Long家的花園也不例外。有一塊菜地，一塊草地，一個花圃，在后籬笆旁邊還有一小塊不十分平坦的土地。也就是在這小塊土地上，有一顆蘋果樹，很高很大，但是結的果實很少。所以，這兩個小孩子就可以隨意地在樹上攀爬，在這個假期，他們原本打算在樹枝上搭建一個木屋。Tom gazed, and then turned back into the house. As he passed the foot of the stairs, he called up. “Good-bye, Peter!” There was a croaking answer.Tom久久凝視著小花園，然后轉身回到屋內。經過樓梯角時，他對著樓上大聲喊道：“再見了，Peter?！被卮鹚穆曇羯畛炼粏?。He went out on to the front doorstep, where his mother was waiting with his suitcase. He put his hand out for it, but Mrs. Long clung to the case for a moment, claiming his attention first. “You know, Tom,” she said, “ its not nice for you to be rushed away like this to avoid the measles, but its not nice for us either. Your father and I will miss you, and so will Peter. Peters not having a nice time, anyway, with measles.” Tom從房里出來，來到前門臺階，媽媽正拿著行李箱在等他。他伸手去接行李箱，但是媽媽并沒有馬上給他，而是很嚴肅地對他說：“Tom，你知道的，為了避開這次麻疹，就這樣匆匆忙忙地把你送走，你很不開心，但實際上，我們也很難受，我和你爸爸都會想你的，Peter也會想你的。畢竟，不管怎么說，Peter正在得麻疹呢?！薄癐 didnt say youd all be having a nice time without me,” said Tom. “All I said was ” “我沒有說我不在的時候，你們會很開心，” Tom說，“我說的只是”“Hush!” whispered his mother, looking past him to the road and the car that waited there and the man at the driving-wheel. She gave Tom the case, and then bent over him, pushing his tie up to cover his collar-button and letting her lips come to within an inch of his ear. “Tom, dear Tom ” she murmured, trying to prepare him for the weeks ahead, “remember that you will be a visitor, and do try oh, what can I say? try to be good.” “不要說了，”媽媽小聲說，同時看著不遠處的一條路，路邊有輛車在等，車輪邊上站著一個人。媽媽把行李箱遞給Tom，又俯身蹲在他身邊，把他的領帶往上推了推，直到遮蓋住領扣。 “Tom，親愛的寶貝兒” 媽媽貼著Tom的耳朵喃喃地說，這是為了讓Tom為接下來幾個星期的假期做好準備，“記住你是客人，一定要哦，我該怎么說呢？一定要好好表現(xiàn)?！盨he kissed him, gave him a dismissive push towards the car and then followed him to it.As Tom got in, Mrs. Long looked past him to the driver.“Give my love to Gwen,” she said, “and tell her, Alan, how grateful we are to you both for taking Tom off at such short notice. Its very kind of you, isnt it, Tom?” 媽媽親吻了Tom，然后把他推到了車那邊，自己也跟了過去。Tom上車后，Long太太對開車的人說：“Alan，請代我問候Gwen，并請告訴她你們這么快就能來把Tom接走，我們真不知道怎么該感謝你們。非常感謝你們。Tom，你說呢？”“Very kind,” Tom repeated bitterly.“嗯，非常感謝你們，”Tom痛苦地重復著媽媽的話。“Theres so little room in the house,” said Mrs. Long, “when theres illness.”“當家里有人生病的時候，就顯得地方小了，”Long太太說。“Were glad to help out,” Alan said. He started the engine.“我們很樂意幫忙，”Alan說。然后，他發(fā)動了引擎。Tom wound down the window next to his mother. “Good-bye then!”Tom搖下了靠近媽媽一側的車窗，說：“再見了?！薄癘h, Tom!” Her lips trembled. “I am sorry spoiling the beginning of your summer holidays like this!”“哦，Tom,”媽媽的嘴唇有點顫抖，“很抱歉，讓你的暑假一開始就很不開心?！盩he car was moving; he had to shout back: “Id rather have had measles with Peter much rather!”車子啟動了，Tom回過頭去，向著后邊大聲喊道：“我寧愿和Peter一起得麻疹，我寧愿?！?Tom waved good-bye angrily to his mother, and then, careless even of the cost to others waved to an inflamed face pressed 或flattened against a bedroom window. Mrs. Long looked upwards to see what was there, raised her hands in a gesture of despair Peter was supposed to keep strictly to his bed and hurried indoors. Tom很生氣地向媽媽揮手再見，然后甚至不顧及他人的感受，對著二樓臥室的窗戶方向揮手。Long太太以為發(fā)生了什么事情，向上望去，原來窗戶上緊貼著一個人的臉，通紅通紅的。她做了一個很無奈的手勢Peter原本應該老老實實地躺在床上的于是她急急忙忙向屋里跑去。 Tom closed the car window and sat back in his seat, in hostile silence.His uncle cleared his throat and said: “Well, I hope we get on reasonably well.”Tom關上車窗，坐回到了自己的位置；他氣得鼓鼓的，一句話也不說。Alan叔叔清了清嗓子，說：“嗯，Tom，我希望我們可以相處得很好?！?This was not a question, so Tom did not answer it. 這并不是一個問題，所以Tom也沒有回答。He knew he was being rude, but he made excuses for himself; he did not much like Uncle Alan, and he did not want to like him at all. Indeed, he would have preferred him to be a brutal uncle. “If only hed beat me,” thought Tom, “then I could run away home, and Mother and Father would say I did right, in spite of the quarantine for measles. But hell never even try to beat me, I know; and Aunt Gwen shes worse because shes a child-lover, and shes kind. Cooped up for weeks with Uncle Alan and Aunt Gwen in a poky flat.” He had never visited them before, but he knew that they lived in a flat, with no garden. Tom很清楚自己現(xiàn)在很無禮，但是他認為自己也是有理由的。他不大喜歡Alan叔叔，并且也不打算喜歡他。事實上，他更希望Alan叔叔是個很兇的人。“要是他打我，就好了，”Tom想，“這樣我就可以逃回家。即使現(xiàn)在是麻疹隔離期間，爸爸媽媽也會認為我做的對。但是，我知道他根本就不會打我。而Gwen阿姨就更不行了，她心地善良，很愛孩子。和Alan叔叔、Gwen阿姨在這樣小的公寓里住上幾周.”Tom以前從未去過他們家，但是他知道他們家住的是公寓，沒有花園。 From Toms Midnight Garden by Philippa Pearce摘自Philippa Pearce著Tom的午夜花園結 束 Unit 3 I 見教材P39 A Man from Stratford William Shakespeare 一個來自于斯特拉福德的人威廉.莎士比亞On March 25th, 1616, fifty-two-year-old Master William Shakespeare signed his will leaving the famous legacy of his “second best bed and furniture” to his wife and the greater part of his estate to his married daughter, Susanna Hall. It was the will of a comfortably off man, for the income from the estate probably amounted to about 200 a year, which was a lot of money over three hundred and sixty years ago. For historians, the most interesting part of the will was that signature, because it and other signatures are all we have left of the handwriting of the worlds literary genius. There is no country where Shakespeares work is not read with something very like awe because there is something fascinating about a man whose work was so much better than that of anyone else. Yet in spite of the thousands of books that have been written about this amazing writer, almost every detail of his personal life is supposition rather than fact. Historically speaking, Shakespeare lived only yesterday but his activities, like those of nearly every playwright of his day, are so vague that he could have been born in Roman times. 一六一六年三月二十五日，五十二歲的文學大師威廉.莎士比亞簽署了自己的遺囑。在遺囑中，他把他那個著名的遺產，也就是“世界上第二好的床和家具”留給他的妻子，把大部分的田產留給他已婚的女兒Susanna Hall。這是一份富人的遺囑，因為田產每年所能帶來的收入大約是貳佰英鎊，這在三百六十年前可是很大一筆錢。對于歷史學家而言，這份遺囑中最有價值的部分是莎士比亞本人的簽名，因為這個簽名和其他簽名是我們所能掌握的關于這位世界文學天才的全部手跡。世界上沒有一個國家的讀者在閱讀莎士比亞的著作時，不是懷著崇敬的心情，因為莎士比亞本人魅力非凡，他的作品遠遠超過同時代的其他所有人。然而，盡管有數(shù)以千計的書在研究這位曠世罕見的天才作家，但是關于他個人生活的每一個細節(jié)都只是推測，而非事實。從歷史的角度來看，莎士比亞生活的時代距離現(xiàn)在并不遙遠，但是他的活動就像同時代的幾乎所有劇作家一樣，都非常模糊，以至于有人認為他很可能出生在羅馬人入侵和占領時期。Shakespeares birthplace, the little town of Stratford-upon-Avon, in Warwickshire, had made a thriving business out of its most famous citizen for a long time. It is a popular place for tourists from all over the world, even though many of them would have the greatest of difficulty in understanding Shakespeares Elizabethan English.However, he has such a fine reputation that it is well worth the journey just to be able to look at the swans that swim on his river, and gaze at the cottage where Anne, his wife, lived before their marriage, and then to see his plays at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. 莎士比亞的出生地，英國中部的沃里克郡埃文河畔的小鎮(zhèn)Stratford因為出了莎士比亞這樣一個著名人物長期以來收益頗豐。對于來自世界各地的旅游者而言，這個地方深受歡迎，即使他們中有很多人根本無法理解莎士比亞創(chuàng)作時所使用的伊莉莎白一世時代（1558至1603年，譯者注）的英語。然而，莎士比亞的名氣是如此之大，以至于旅游者認為只要能看到埃文河上游弋的天鵝，瞻仰莎士比亞的妻子Anne婚前住過的小屋，然后到皇家莎士比亞劇院觀看他的戲劇作品，就會覺得不虛此行。To plot Shakespeares life is to become involved in a kind of detective story where there are plenty of clues but very little else. Nobody even knows the exact date of his birth, although the register of the Parish Church confirms that William Shakespeare was baptized there on April 26th, 1564. Nor can it be proved that he went to the excellent local grammar school, although he probably did as there was nowhere else for him to go. At the age of 18 he married Anne Hathaway, a woman eight years older than himself, and they had three children.Then in 1585 this young married man apparently left Stratford and his family, for there is absolutely no record of him for seven long years. 搞清楚莎士比亞的生平就像是研究某個僅有很多線索而無其他有力佐證的偵探故事。雖然莎士比亞所在教區(qū)的教堂的登記表證實他的確在一五六四年四月二十六日在那里受洗過，但是沒有人知道他出生的確切日期。也無法證實他曾經就讀過當?shù)啬撬芎玫奈姆▽W校，但是很可能是這樣，因為他沒有別的地方可去。莎士比亞十八歲那年娶了一個名叫Anne Hathaway的女人；她比他大八歲，他們生了三個孩子。一五八五年，莎士比亞很顯然離開了Stratford和他的家人，因為在此后長達七年的時間里沒有關于他的任何記錄。Exactly what happened to William Shakespeare during those seven years has puzzled scholars ever since. There are different theories, but of all the probabilities the most likely one is that he travelled abroad, spending a good deal of time at sea. Shakespeare wrote with great conviction about storms and shipwrecks and eating the hard ships biscuits “with aching teeth”. 莎士比亞在那七年間究竟做過些什么？學者們一直以來都一無所知。現(xiàn)在有不同的說法，但是在所有的可能性中，最有可能的就是他出國旅行了，在海上呆了很長時間，因為莎士比亞曾經很肯定地寫過暴風雨、海難，他還寫過吃堅硬的海員餅干時“咯得牙疼”。What is quite certain is that, during the time Shakespeare lived there, Stratford-upon-Avon was visited by a great number of theatrical companies. It can never be proved, but it seems quite possible that the young Shakespeare saw some of these performances, realized in a flash that this was the life for him and talked one of the managers into giving him a job.At least nobody questions the fact that he can next be traced in 1592 in London, earning his living as a dramatist and generally getting well known in the theatre.Whatever else had happened during the lost years, plays that followed, such as Richard III and The Taming of the Shrew, were proof that the greatest literary career of all time had begun.Shakespeare soon became sufficiently well known for managers and other influential people to refer to him in writing.We know that as well as working on old plays he rapidly made a name for himself as an author of entirely new ones and also performed as an actor at court.During his fifteen years as a working man of the theatre, Shakespeare wrote more than thirty plays as well as marvellous verse. 現(xiàn)在可以肯定，莎士比亞在家鄉(xiāng)Stratford生活期間，他們那里曾經去過許多劇團。雖然這根本無法證實，但是年輕的莎士比亞很可能觀看過其中的一些演出，就在那一剎那，他意識到那就是他想要的生活，于是他說服了一位劇院經理給他一個職位。至少現(xiàn)在沒有人懷疑莎士比亞一五九二年在倫敦，靠做編劇謀生，后來逐漸在戲劇界小有名氣。無論這些空白年份里究竟發(fā)生過什么，諸如查理三世和馴悍記等劇作表明莎士比亞已經開始了人類歷史上前所未有的戲劇創(chuàng)作。莎士比亞很快就大名鼎鼎，劇院經理和其他有影響的人都知道他，常常在寫作中提到他。我們知道，莎士比亞除改變舊劇外，自己還創(chuàng)作了新劇本，很快就聲譽鵲起；他還在宮廷里演出過。在劇院工作的十五年里，他創(chuàng)作了三十多部戲劇和許多詩。After his death on April 23rd, 1616, Shakespeare left behind a mass of questions that experts have been trying to answer ever since.What was the source of Shakespeares amazingly detailed knowledge of so many different subjects?Who was the beautiful but apparently heartless “dark lady” who seemed to have first inspired him and then caused him a lot of sadness?So far we do not know.There have even been foolish attempts to prove that William Shakespeares plays were in fact written by someone else. 一六一六年四月二十三日，莎士比亞逝世。他身后留下了許多疑問，專家們一直以來都希望能找到答案。例如，究竟是什么使得莎士比亞對如此眾多的領域有著驚人地深刻洞察？那個一開始給莎士比亞以靈感，后來又帶給他很多痛苦的美麗而又無情的“神秘女人”是誰？到目前為止，我們都不得而知。曾經有人甚至想要證明威廉.莎士比亞的作品實際上是其他人寫的。When one remembers that he lived in an age when printing was still very expensive and that it was rare for anything written to be thrown away, it seems astonishing that nothing remains of the busy writers own handwriting but the signature. Sooner or later someone may discover a bundle of letters that will answer the question that have puzzled so many people for so long. 我們知道在莎士比亞生活的時代，印刷依然非常昂貴，所以那個時候的人們很少會扔掉手寫的東西，因而像莎士比亞這樣高產的作家其手跡存留于世的只有簽名似乎就顯得匪夷所思了。也許將來有一天，有人會發(fā)現(xiàn)一捆書信，這些書信可以回答長期以來困擾這么多人的問題。 From an article in the magazine Look and Learn 選自Look and Learn雜志結 束 Unit 4II 見教材P44 William Shakespeare威廉.莎士比亞Most people have heard of Shakespeare and probably know something of the plays that he wrote. However, not everybody knows much about the life of this remarkable man, except perhaps that he was born in the market town of Stratford-upon-Avon and that he married a woman called Anne Hathaway. We know nothing of his school life. We do not know, for example, how long it lasted, but we presume that he attended the local grammar school, where the principal subject taught was Latin. 大多數(shù)人都聽說過莎士比亞，也很可能對他創(chuàng)作的戲劇有所了解。然而，并不是每個人都非常了解這位大文豪的生平，可能只是知道他出生在埃文河畔的小鎮(zhèn)Stratford，以及他娶過一個名叫Anne Hathaway的女人。我們對他的學生時代一無所知。例如，我們