2019高考英語一輪復習選修8 3 Module3知能演練(含答案)+高中作文：修得一顆柔軟的心

2019高考英語一輪復習選修83Module3知能演練(含答案)+高中作文：修得一顆柔軟的心 閱讀理解A(2018南高三針對性訓練)The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy，but the word pizza is Greek in origin，derived from the Greek word pktos meaning solid or clotted.The ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese.The first major innovation that led to flatbread pizza was the use of tomato as a topping.It was common for the poor of the area around Naples to add tomatoes to their yeastbased flatbread，and so the pizza began.While it is difficult to say for sure who invented the pizza，it is however believed that modern pizza was first made by baker Raffaele Esposito of Naples.In fact，a popular urban legend holds that the archetypal(原型的) pizza，Pizza Margherita，was invented in 1890，when the Royal Palace of Capodimonte asked the Neapolitan pizzaiolo Raffaele Esposito to create a pizza in honor of the visiting Queen Margherita.Of the three different pizzas he created，the Queen strongly preferred a pie wrapped in the colors of the Italian flag：red(tomato)，green(basil)，and white(mozzarella)Supposedly，this kind of pizza was then named after the Queen as Pizza Margherita.Later，the dish has become popular in many parts of the world：The first pizzeria，Antica Pizzeria PortAlba，was opened in 1830 in Naples.In North America，the first pizzeria was opened in 1905 by Gennaro Lombardi at 53 Spring Street in New York City.The first Pizza Hut，the chain of pizza restaurants appeared in the United States in 1958.Nowadays，many varieties of pizza exist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pizza.【解題導語】本文主要介紹了比薩的歷史起源。1Whats mainly talked about in the text?AWays of making pizza.BThe history of pizza.CVarieties of pizza.DStories about pizza.B解析：主旨大意題。根據第一段的“The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy，but the word pizza is Greek in origin”以及文章的整體內容可知，本文主要介紹了比薩的歷史起源。2What can replace the underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 1?ASeparated.BAdapted.COriginated. DTransformed.C解析：詞義猜測題。根據第一段的“The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy”可知，此處說的是比薩起源于希臘單詞“pktos”，故畫線詞意為“發(fā)源，開始”，故選C。3How was pizza first started?AAncient Greeks covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese.BPeople in Naples added tomatoes to their bread as a topping.CRaffaele Esposito wrapped a pie in the colors of the Italian flag.DQueen Margherita awarded her name to pizza in the Royal Palace.B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段最后兩句可知，那不勒斯人先在面包上用西紅柿作為配料，由此開創(chuàng)了比薩這種食品，故選B。4What can be learned from the text?APizza remains popular around the world.BThe first Pizza Hut was opened in Naples.CThe taste of pizza stays the same over time.DGennaro Lombardi was the first to make pizza.A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據文中的“Later，the dish has become popular in many parts of the world”和“Nowadays，many varieties of pizza exist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pizza.”可知，比薩現在在全世界依然很受歡迎，故選A。B(2018寧雙基測試)Whenever we see a button, we want to press it because we know that something will happen.This is true in most cases, for example, on a doorbell.But some buttons are actually fake(假的), like the “close” button on a lift.Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they dont have the patience to wait.But lifts “close” buttons are a complete trick, at least in the US.the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US., making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely.Only repair workers can use the buttons to speed up the door closing process if they have special keys.But to normal lift riders, the buttons arent completely useless.According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.“A sense of control is very important.It reduces stress and increases wellbeing，” said Ellen JLanger, a psychology professor at Harvard University.Experts also added that a lot of buttons that dont do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose.For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either.Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster, but that was before computercontrolled traffic signals were introduced.But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”， they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了我們平時生活中所見到的按鈕可能是不起作用的。5What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo describe different fake buttons.BTo explore the functions of fake buttons.CTo analyze various habits of pushing buttons.DTo explain the disadvantages of fake buttons.B解析：寫作意圖題。通讀整篇文章可知，作者通過舉例子介紹了不同地點的虛假按鈕，其目的是探求這些虛假按鈕的功能。故選B。6What can we learn about the “close” buttons on a lift in America?AThey work when people press them hard.BThey were designed for a sense of control.CThey never speed up the doorclosing process.DThey take the safety of the disabled into account.D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的第一句可知， 美國電梯里的“關閉”按鈕是為了確保殘疾人能安全地通過。故選D。7What can we infer about pedestrian crosswalk buttons?AThey can make people feel better.BThey help computers work faster.CThey can control the traffic signals.DThey help pedestrians cross safely.A解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control”和第六段中的“For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either.”可知， 人行橫道按鈕也沒有實現其功能，但可以讓人們感覺好一點，故選A。8Which may be the best title for the passage?AButtons in the US.A.BButtons Always LieCButtons May Not WorkD“Close” Buttons on LiftsC解析：標題歸納題。通讀全文內容可知，本文主要講述了有些按鈕只是形式上的，而不具備真正的實際功能。故C項“按鈕可能不起作用”最符合文章主旨。故選C。 完形填空(2018中學聯考)That was my first ballet performance and I was the lead role. A huge black curtain _1_ me from the crowd. My heart raced so rapidly that it would _2_ out of my chest. A rush of _3_ shot through my body when the music began and I took my _4_ at the center of the stage. I pushed off the floor as hard as I could and _5_ into the air. Then I started to come _6_ for my landing, preparing to jump again, and yet my foot _7_. I fell, facefirst. For a moment I couldnt _8_， wondering if I should go on. _9_， trained for thousands of hours for twelve years, my muscles ignored the _10_ of my mind and I _11_ myself back on my feet. I finished the part and left the stage. Bending over a table, I tried to _12_ tears. I didnt want to go back to finish the last twenty minutes. I didnt _13_ the lead role.Then came my teacher. “The _14_ thing on stage is to fall. Youve gotten it, so whats left to _15_？ Just go and give it all.” Her words _16_ me. Minutes later, I went back onstage and completely let go of _17_I just danced, letting the music guide me through the movement.Now, as a Principal Dancer, I often think about that performance. We fall when we try our hardest. There is no _18_，only pride. Falling is _19_and sometimes it is easier just to stay on the _20_But if we never get up，we will never experience what it is like to fly.【解題導語】作者通過講述自己第一次芭蕾舞演出的經歷告訴我們，當我們盡了最大的努力，即使跌倒了，也不是恥辱，而是驕傲。如果我們跌倒了再也不爬起來，我們就永遠不會體驗到飛翔的感覺。1A.coveredBhidCprotected DdroveB解析：演出還沒有開始，巨大的幕布把作者藏在后面，與觀眾隔開。cover 意為“覆蓋”；hide 意為“隱藏”；protect 意為“保護”；drive 意為“驅趕；駕駛”。故選B項。2A.beat BdropCrun DshoutA解析：此處描寫作者緊張激動的心情：作者的心跳得很快，幾乎要跳出胸膛。選項中只有 beat 有表示心臟跳動的含義。故選A項。3A.amazement BexcitementCsadness DsatisfactionB解析：由上句可知，作者非常激動、緊張，所以音樂響起時內心應該是激動的。 amazement 意為“驚異”； excitement 意為“興奮；激動”；sadness意為“悲傷”；satisfaction意為“滿意”。B項符合語境。4A.time BturnCplace DorderC解析：根據常識可知，作者是領舞，所以音樂響起后會站到舞臺中央。take ones time意為“不慌不忙”；take ones turn意為“輪到某人”；take ones place意為“某人就位”；take ones order意為“為某人點餐”。故選C項。5A.flew BspunCrose DlookedA解析：根據空前的pushed off the floor 可知，這是作者在努力蹬離地面躍到空中。fly意為“飛翔”，表現芭蕾舞的騰空動作，符合語境，故選A項。spin意為“旋轉”；rise意為“升起”；look意為“看”。6A.out BinCdown DoffC解析：上文提到躍到空中，再根據空后的preparing to jump again可知，此處是準備落地。故選C項。7A.slipped BstoppedCstepped DadvancedA解析：根據后面的I fell，facefirst.可推測，此處指作者摔倒了，可能的原因是腳下打滑了。slip意為“打滑”；stop意為“停止”；step意為“踏步”；advance意為“前進”。故選A項。8A.think BcryCmove DbelieveC解析：根據空后的wondering if I should go on 可知，作者當時不知道是否應該繼續(xù)表演，由此可以推測，作者當時摔倒后不能動彈(move)。故選C項。9A.Therefore BHoweverCOtherwise DInsteadB解析：根據上文可知，作者不知道自己是否應該繼續(xù)表演，然而十二年無數小時的訓練使作者的肌肉本能地忽略了內心的猶豫，作者發(fā)現自己又站了起來，上下文之間是轉折關系，故選B項。10A.loss BpainCrelief DhesitationD解析：根據上文中的wondering if I should go on 以及空后的mind可知，作者當時在猶豫。loss意為“損失”；pain意為“疼痛”；relief意為“寬慰”；hesitation意為“猶豫”。故選D項。11A.found BdraggedCaccustomed DallowedA解析：作者發(fā)現自己又站了起來。find意為“發(fā)現”；drag意為“拖動”；accustom意為“使習慣”；allow意為“允許”。故選A項。12A.dry up Bwipe outCburst into Dfight backD解析：表演告一段落之后，作者回到了后臺，伏在一張桌子上努力抑制住淚水。根據空前的tried to以及當時的舞臺表演場合可知，作者應該是強忍淚水。dry up意為“使干涸”；wipe out意為“徹底毀滅；抹去”；burst into意為“突然起來”；fight back意為“抗爭；克制；忍住”。故選D項。13A.play BdeserveCget DfinishB解析：作者在舞臺上摔倒，覺得自己沒資格當領舞。play意為“玩耍；參加；演奏”；deserve意為“應得；應受”；get意為“獲得”；finish意為“完成”。故選B項。14A.unexpected BawkwardCcommon DworstD解析：此處是老師的鼓勵：舞臺上最糟糕的事就是摔倒，你已經摔倒了，還有什么可失去的？unexpected意為“出乎意料的”；awkward意為“尷尬的”；common意為“常見的”；worst意為“最壞的”。故選D項。15A.go BdoClose DsayC解析：沒有什么比舞臺上摔倒更糟糕的事了，所以不用害怕再失去(lose)什么。故選C項。16A.awoke BenrichedCexcited DsurprisedA解析：根據下文Minutes later, I went back onstage and completely let go of .可知，作者又回到舞臺繼續(xù)表演，因此，此處指老師的話點醒了作者。awake意為“喚醒”；enrich意為“使豐富；充實”；excite意為“使興奮；使激動”；surprise意為“使驚訝”。故選A項。17A.the music BmyselfCthe teacher DothersB解析：根據下文I just danced, letting the music guide me through the movement.可知，作者隨著音樂盡情舞蹈，釋放自己。故選B項。18A.excuse BfearCbenefit DshameD解析：結合上文作者認為自己摔倒是一種恥辱，而本句和下文則認為摔倒是一種驕傲。excuse意為“借口”；fear意為“害怕”；benefit意為“好處”；shame意為“羞恥”。故選D項。19A.shocking BinterestingCrare DterribleD解析：根據上文作者摔倒后的想法可知，此處應為摔倒很糟糕。shocking意為“驚人的”；interesting意為“有趣的”；rare意為“稀有的”；terrible意為“糟糕的”。故選D項。20A.spot BroadCground DstageC解析：根據下文的get up和fly可知，此處是說摔倒后待在地上不再站起來更簡單。spot意為“地點”；road意為“道路”；ground意為“地面”；stage意為“舞臺”。故選C項。高中作文