2010年6月英語四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及解析.doc.doc

Lucy陪你說英語快速提高英語口語秘笈：版權(quán)歸原作者所有2010年6月英語四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及解析(1)【閱讀練習(xí)】WhatisitaboutAmericansandfood?Welovetoeat,butwefeel1aboutitafterward.Wesaywewantonlythebest,butwestrangelyenjoyjunkfood.Were2withhealthandweightlossbutfaceanunprecedentedepidemicofobesity(肥胖).Perhapsthe3tothisambivalence(矛盾情結(jié))liesinourhistory.ThefirstEuropeanscametothiscontinentsearchingfornewspicesbutwentinvain.Thefirstcashcrop(經(jīng)濟(jì)作物)wasnteatenbutsmoked.ThentherewasProhibition,intendedtoprohibitdrinkingbutactuallyencouragingmore4waysofdoingit.Theimmigrantexperience,too,hasbeenoneofinharmony.DoasRomansdomeanseatingwhat“realAmericans”eat,butournationsfoodhascometobe5byimportspizza,say,orhotdogs.Andsomeofthecountrysmosttreasuredcookingcomesfrompeoplewhoarrivedhereinshackles.Perhapsitshouldcomeasnosurprisethenthatfoodhasbeenamediumforthenationsdefiningstruggles,whetherattheBostonTeaPartyorthesitinsatsouthernlunchcounters.Itisintegraltoourconceptsofhealthandevenmoralitywhetheronerefrainsfromalcoholforreligiousreasonsorevadesmeatforpolitical6Butstrongopinionshavenotbrought7.Americansareambivalentaboutwhattheyputintheirmouths.Wehavebecome8ofourfoods,especiallyaswelearnmoreaboutwhattheycontain.The9infoodisstillprosperousintheAmericanconsciousness.Itsnocoincidence,then,thatthefirstThanksgivingholdstheAmericanimaginationinsuchbondage(束縛).Itswhatweeatandhowwe10itwithfriends,family,andstrangersthathelpdefineAmericaasacommunitytoday.A.answerI.creativeB.resultJ.beliefC.shareK.suspiciousD.guiltyL.certaintyE.constantM.obsessedF.definedN.identifyG.vanishO.idealsH.adapted【答案及詳解】1.Dfeel是一個(gè)系動(dòng)詞，可以判斷此處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)形容詞，通過上下文意思，以及后面介詞about,可以確定選項(xiàng)為D項(xiàng)guilty,短語feelguiltyaboutsth.“對(duì)感到有愧”。全句的意思為“我們很愛吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有負(fù)罪感”。2.Mbeobsessedwith為固定搭配，原意為“被附上/纏住/迷住心竅”，放在本句表示“十分重視”。全句的意思為“我們很關(guān)心健康和減肥，但肥胖卻又空前地在蔓延”。3.A本句缺一個(gè)名詞作主語，并且根據(jù)和介詞to的搭配，可以推斷出正確選項(xiàng)answer.4.I本句根據(jù)more和ways可以判斷出需要填入一個(gè)形容詞構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，根據(jù)上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，卻激發(fā)了更多新奇的方法來酗酒”，可以確定I為正確選項(xiàng)。5.F本題較難。根據(jù)be和by確定應(yīng)填入一個(gè)過去分詞。再根據(jù)上下文，上文表示“應(yīng)該吃典型的美國人吃的食物”，下文通過but轉(zhuǎn)折，表示實(shí)際上“美國的食物已經(jīng)被諸如比薩和熱狗這樣的舶來品所詮釋了”，因此可以確定F為正確選項(xiàng)。6.B政治結(jié)果，可根據(jù)宗教原因religiousreasons來推斷此處填政治結(jié)果。7.L由于橫線后面沒有賓語，可以確定不是形成bring的短語，這樣本句所缺的為一名詞，做bring的賓語。根據(jù)下文解釋，“美國人對(duì)他們所吃的食物的態(tài)度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意義為“堅(jiān)定的觀點(diǎn)也不是確定不變的”。因此可以確定L為正確選項(xiàng)。8.K系動(dòng)詞become后應(yīng)填入一個(gè)形容詞，和后面介詞of形成短語be/becomesuspiciousof“對(duì)感到懷疑”。Lucy陪你說英語快速提高英語口語秘笈：版權(quán)歸原作者所有9.J本句缺一個(gè)名詞作主語，并且根據(jù)和介詞in的搭配，可以推斷出正確選項(xiàng)belief，(have)beliefinsth.“相信”。10.C本句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，缺一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，且和with搭配，確定選項(xiàng)為share,sharesth.withsb.,“與某人分享某事”。2010年6月英語四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及解析(2)【閱讀練習(xí)】BaekelandandHartmannreportthatthe“shortsleepers”hadbeenmoreorlessaverageintheirsleepneedsuntilthemenwereintheirteens.Butataboutage15orso,themenvoluntarilybegancuttingdowntheirnightlysleeptimebecauseofpressuresfromschool,work,andotheractivities.Thesementendedtoviewtheirnightlyperiodsofunconsciousnessasbothersomeinterruptionsintheirdailyroutines.Ingeneral,these“shortsleeps”appearedambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist(不動(dòng)搖)intheiropinions,andverysureabouttheircareerchoices.Theyoftenheldseveraljobsatonce,orworkersfull-orpart-timewhilegoingtoschool.Andmanyofthemhadastrongurgetoappear“normal”or“acceptable”totheirfriendsandassociates.Whenaskedtorecalltheirdreams,the“shortsleepers”didpoorly.Morethanthis,theyseemedtoprefernotremembering.Insimilarfashion,theirusualwayofdealingwithpsychologicalproblemswastodenythattheproblemexisted,andthentokeepbusyinthehopethatthetroublewouldgoaway.Thesleeppatternsofthe“shortsleepers”weresimilarto,butlessextremethan,sleeppatternsshownbymanymentalpatientscategorizedasmanic(瘋?cè)?.The“l(fā)ongsleepers”werequitedifferentindeed.BaekelandandHartmannreportthattheseyoungmenhadbeenlengthysleepssincechildhood.Theyseemedtoenjoytheirsleep,protectedit,andwerequiteconcernedwhentheywereoccasionallydeprivedoftheirdesired9hoursofnightlybedrest.Theytendedtorecalltheirdreamsmuchbetterthandidthe“shortsleepers.”Manyofthe“l(fā)ongsleepers”wereshy,anxious,introverted(內(nèi)向),inhibited(壓抑),passive,mildlydepressed,andunsureofthemselves(particularlyinsocialsituations).Severalopenlystatesthatsleepwasanescapefromtheirdailyproblems.1.Accordingtothereport,_.A)manyshortsleepersneedlesssleepbynatureB)manyshortsleepersareobligedtoreducetheirnightlysleeptimebecausetheyarebusywiththeirworkC)longsleeperssleepalongerperiodoftimeduringthedayD)manylongsleeperspreservetheirsleepinghabitformedduringtheirchildhood2.Many“shortsleepers”arelikelytoholdtheviewthat_.A)sleepisawithdrawalfromtherealityB)sleepinterfereswiththeirsoundjudgementC)sleepistheleastexpensiveitemontheirroutineprogramD)sleepisthebestwaytodealwithpsychologicaltroubles3.Itisstatedinthethirdparagraphthatshortsleepers_.A)areideallyvigorousevenunderthepressuresoflifeB)oftenneglecttheconsequencesofinadequatesleepC)donotknowhowtorelaxproperlyD)aremoreunlikelytorunintomentalproblems4.Whensometimestheycannotenjoyadequatesleep,thelongsleepersmight_.A)appeardisturbedB)Lucy陪你說英語快速提高英語口語秘笈：版權(quán)歸原作者所有C)feeldissatisfiedD)beextremelydepressed5.WhichofthefollowingisNotincludedinthepassage?A)Ifonesleepsinadequately,hisperformancesuffersandhismemoryisweakenedB)ThesleeppatternsofshortsleepersareexactlythesaneasthoseshownbymanymentalpatientsC)LongandshortsleepersdifferintheirattitudestowardssleepD)Shortsleeperswouldbebetteroffwithmorerest【答案及詳解】答案：DCBAB貝克爾和哈特曼報(bào)道說，“睡眠少的人”在未進(jìn)入少年期之前，其正常睡眠時(shí)間大致與所需要的時(shí)間差不多。但到了15歲左右，由于學(xué)校、工作或其它活動(dòng)的地壓力，他們就故意地減少了夜間睡眠的時(shí)間。這些人持有這樣的觀點(diǎn)：夜間睡眠是一件令人討厭的事情，打斷了日常事務(wù)?？偟恼f來，這些“睡眠少的人”表現(xiàn)得雄心勃勃、積極活躍、精力充沛、無意識(shí)樂觀豁達(dá)、立場(chǎng)堅(jiān)定，對(duì)自己職業(yè)的選擇胸有成竹。他們往往同時(shí)從事幾項(xiàng)工作，或者一邊上學(xué)讀書，一邊從事專職或兼職工作。其中許多人有強(qiáng)烈愿望，想在朋友和熟人面前表現(xiàn)得“正?！被颉昂先骸?。當(dāng)讓他們回憶夢(mèng)境時(shí)，“睡眠少的人”回憶不起什么來。更有甚者，他們似乎情愿什么都記不住。類似的情況是他們通常處理心理問題的方式：不承認(rèn)問題的存在，希望只要忙忙碌碌，麻煩總會(huì)過去的?！八呱俚娜恕钡乃吣Ｊ脚c被劃入瘋子之類精神病患者的睡眠模式十分相似，只不過沒有那么嚴(yán)重而已。“睡眠多的人”情形則大不相同。貝克爾和哈特曼報(bào)道說，這些年輕人從小的，有抱負(fù)的睡眠就一直很長。他們好像注重睡眠，不讓睡眠受打攪。偶爾沒有所需的9個(gè)小時(shí)夜間臥床休息，他們便會(huì)十分不安。他們比“睡眠少的人”要更能回憶得起夢(mèng)的內(nèi)容。許多“睡眠多的人”靦腆、焦躁、內(nèi)向、壓抑、消極和稍微有點(diǎn)兒沮喪，尤其在社交場(chǎng)合缺乏自信。好幾個(gè)人坦言，睡眠是擺脫每天煩惱的一種方式。2010年6月英語四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及解析(3)【閱讀練習(xí)】Uponreachinganappropriateage(usuallybetween18and21years),childrenareencouraged,butnotforced,to“l(fā)eavethenest”andbeginanindependentlife.Afterchildrenleavehometheyoftenfindsocialrelationshipandfinancialsupportoutsidethefamily.Parentsdonotarrangemarriagesfortheirchildren,nordochildrenusuallyaskpermissionoftheirparentstogetmarried,RomanticloveismostoftenthebasisformarriageintheUnitedStates；youngadultsmeettheirfuturespouses(配偶)throughotherfriends,atjobs,andinorganizationsandreligiousinstitutions,Althoughchildrenchoosetheirownspouses,theystillhopetheirparentswillapproveoftheirchoices.Inmanyfamilies,parentsfeelthatchildrenshouldmakemajorlifedecisionsbythemselves.Aparentmaytrytoinfluenceachildtofollowaparticularprofessionbutthechildisfreetochooseanothercareer.Sometimeschildrendopreciselytheoppositeofwhattheirparentswishinordertoasserttheirindependence.Asonmaydeliberatelydecidenottogointohisfathersbusinessbecauseofafearthathewilllosehisautonomyinhisfathersworkplace.Thisindependencefromparentsisnotanindicationthatparentsandchildrendonotloveeachother.StronglovebetweenparentsandchildrenisuniversalandthisisnoexceptionintheAmericanfamilyCoexistingwithsuchloveintheAmericanfamilyareculturalvaluesofselfrelianceandindependence.1.Thewriterdiscussesthemarriageofyoungadultsinordertoshowwhichofthefollowing?A)Theyenjoythefreedomofchoosingtheirspouses.B)Theywanttowinthepermissionoftheirparents.C)Theyhaveastrongdesiretobecomeindependent.D)Theywanttochallengetheauthorityoftheirparents.2.MostyoungadultsintheU.S.getmarriedforthesakeof_.A)Lucy陪你說英語快速提高英語口語秘笈：版權(quán)歸原作者所有B)financialconcernC)theirparentsD)familybackground3.Basedonthepassage,itcanbeassumedthat_.A)AmericanyoungadultsarelikelytofollowthesuitoftheirparentsB)mostAmericanpeoplenevermakemajordecisionsfortheirchildrenC)AmericanyoungadultspossessculturalvaluesofindependenceD)onceayoungpersonstepsintohistwenties,hewillleavehishomepermanently4.Asonisunwillingtoworkinhisfathersbusinessmainlybecause_.A)hewishestomakefulluseofwhathehaslearntinschoolB)hewantstoprovehisindependenceC)hewishestodotheoppositeofwhathisparentsapproveofD)hewantstoshowhisloveforhisparents5.Thesubjectmatterofthisselectionis_.A)familyvaluesB)marriagearrangementsC)thepursuitofacareerD)decisionmaking【答案及詳解】答案：CACBA子女一旦到適當(dāng)年齡(通常是18至21歲)，要鼓勵(lì)而不是強(qiáng)迫他們“離開窩的，財(cái)政的巢”，開始獨(dú)立生活。小孩離開家后，往往在外能夠與人交往，并自謀出路。父母不為子女安排婚姻，子女結(jié)婚也通常無需獲得父母同意。在美國，浪漫的愛情往往是婚姻的基礎(chǔ)，青年人通過朋友在學(xué)校、單位、組織以及宗教團(tuán)體認(rèn)識(shí)自己的，愛情的未來的伴侶。盡管子女自己擇偶，他們?nèi)匀幌Ｍ改改苷J(rèn)同他們的選擇。許多家庭的父母認(rèn)為，應(yīng)由子女自己來做他們生活中的重大決定。家長可能會(huì)設(shè)法影響子女去從事某一職業(yè)，但子女也有選擇其它職業(yè)的自由。有時(shí)為了證實(shí)自己的獨(dú)立性，子女從事的工作正好與父母希望的相反。兒子可能執(zhí)意不去父親的企業(yè)工作，因?yàn)閾?dān)心在那里就不能獨(dú)立自主。這種不依靠父母的獨(dú)立性并不意味著父母與子女之間缺乏愛心。父母和子女之間普遍都有摯愛，美國家庭也毫不例外。只不過在美國家庭之中，還融合了自主、獨(dú)立的文化價(jià)值觀念。2010年6月英語四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及解析(4)【閱讀練習(xí)】Nowletuslookathowweread.Whenwereadaprintedtext,oureyesmoveacrossapageinshort,jerkymovement.Werecognizewordsusuallywhenoureyesarestillwhentheyfixate.Eachtimetheyfixate,weseeagroupofwords.Thisisknownastherecognitionspanorthevisualspan.Thelengthoftimeofrwhichtheeyesstop-thedurationofthefixation-variesconsiderablyfrompersontoperson.Italsovaieswithinanyonepersonaccordingtohispurposeinreadingandhisfamiliaritywiththetext.Furthermore,itcanbeaffectedbysuchfactorsaslightingandtiredness.Unfortunately,inthepast,manyreadingimprovementcourseshaveconcentratedtoomuchonhowoureyesmoveacrosstheprintedpage.Asaresultofthismisleadingemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsofreading,numerousexerciseshavebeendevisedtotraintheeyestoseemorewordsatonefixation.Forinstance,insomeexercises,wordsareflashedontoascreenfor,say,atenthoratwentiethofasecond.Oneoftheexerciseshasrequiredstudentstofixtheireyesonsomecentralpoint,takinginthewordsoneitherside.Suchwordpatternsareoftenconstructedintheshapeofrathersteeppyramidssothereadertakesinmoreandmorewordsateachsuccessivefixation.Alltheseexercisesareveryclever,Lucy陪你說英語快速提高英語口語秘笈：版權(quán)歸原作者所有readatextefficiently.Readingrequirestheabilitytounderstandtherelationshipbetweenwords.Consequently,forthesereasons,manyexpertshavenowbeguntoquestiontheusefulnessofeyetraining,especiallysinceanyapproachwhichtrainsapersontoreadisolatedwordsandphraseswouldseemunlikelytohelphiminreadingacontinuoustext.Q:1.Thetimeoftherecognitionspancanbeaffectedbythefollowingfactsexcept_.A.onesfamiliaritywiththetextB.onespurposeinreadingC.thelengthofagroupofwordsD.lightingandtiredness2.Theauthormaybelievethatreading_.A.requiresareadertotakeinmorewordsateachfixationB.requiresareadertoseewordsmorequicklyC.demandsandeeply-participatingmindD.demandsmoremindthaneyes3Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“butitsonethingtoimproveapersonsabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently.”inthesecondparapraph?A.Theabilitytoseewordsisnotneededwhenanefficientreadingisconducted.B.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcanthelptoimproveboththeabilitytoseeandtocomprehendwords.C.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcanthelptoimproveanefficientreading.D.Thereadingexercisesmentionedhasdoneagreatjobtoimproveonesabilitytoseewords.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thevisualspanisawordoragroupofwordsweseeeachtime.B.Manyexpertsbegantoquestiontheefficiencyofeyetraining.C.Theemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsismisleading.D.Theeyetrainingwillhelpreadersinreadingacontinuoustext.5.Thetuneoftheauthorinwritingthisarticleis_AcriticalBneutralCprssimisticDoptimistic【答案及詳解】答案：CCCDA解題思路1C。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段提到了影響視幅的因素：不同的人，不同的閱讀目的，對(duì)材料的熟悉程度，光線，疲勞。C“一組詞的長度”不是能影響視幅的因素，是本題的答案。2C。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛訓(xùn)練課程只注重了閱讀的視覺因素。倒數(shù)第二句書哦，閱讀要求具備理解單詞間關(guān)系的能力。因此選項(xiàng)C“閱讀需要大腦的深度參與”正確。作者沒有否定閱讀的視覺因素的必要性，但是也沒有說讀者應(yīng)該練習(xí)拓寬視幅，加快閱讀速度。所以AB兩項(xiàng)都不正確。作者沒有對(duì)大腦和眼睛在閱讀過程中的重要性進(jìn)行對(duì)比，所以不選D3C。作者在這句話中先是肯定了那些閱讀練習(xí)提高看單詞的能力，然后提出了有效閱讀概念。后面句中還指出，有效閱讀需要的是理解單詞間的聯(lián)系的能力。所以作者的意思應(yīng)該是那些(訓(xùn)練眼睛的)閱讀練習(xí)對(duì)與有效的閱讀無益。B與文章相反。D句是蘊(yùn)涵其中一個(gè)意思，卻不是作者想表達(dá)的方向。4D。第二段最后一句說，眼睛訓(xùn)練對(duì)于幫助讀者閱讀連貫文章無益，所以D是錯(cuò)的，是本題答案。5A。參考前面的結(jié)構(gòu)剖析，作者寫本文的主要目的是對(duì)那些只關(guān)注閱讀的視覺因素的閱讀能力課程進(jìn)行批Lucy陪你說英語快速提高英語口語秘笈：版權(quán)歸原作者所有判，所以答案應(yīng)該是A。2010年6月英語四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及解析(5)【閱讀練習(xí)】Asisknowntoall,theorganizationandmanagementofwagesandsalariesareverycomplex.Generallyspeaking,theAccountsDepartmentis_1_forcalculationsofpay,whilethePersonnelDepartmentisinterestedindiscussionswiththeemployeesaboutpay.Ifafirmwantsto_2_anewwageandsalarystructure,itisessentialthatthefirmshoulddecideona_3_ofjobevaluationandwaysofmeasuringtheperformanceofitsemployees.Inordertobe_4_,thatnewpaystructurewillneedagreementbetweenTradeUnionsandemployers.Injobevaluation,alloftherequirementsofeachjobaredefinedinadetailedjobdescription.Eachofthsoerequirementsisgivenavalue,usuallyinpoints,whichare_5_togethertogiveatotalvalueforthejob.Formiddleandhighermanagement,aspecialmethodisusedtoevaluatemanagersontheirknowledgeofthejob,theirresponsibility,andtheir_6_tosolveproblems.Becauseofthedifficultyinmeasuringmanagementwork,however,jobgradesformanagersareoftendecidedwithout_7_toanevaluationsystembasedonpoints.Inattemptingtodesignapaysystem,thePersonnelDepartmentshould_8_thevalueofeachjobwiththeseinthejobmarket._9_,paymentforajobshouldvarywithanydifferencesinthewaythatthejobisperformed.Whereitissimpletomeasuretheworkdone,asintheworksdonewithhands,monetaryencouragementschemesareoftenchosen,for_10_workers,wheremeasurementisdifficult,methodsofadditionalpaymentsareemployed.AcompareBresponsibleCusefulDaddedEfindFreferenceGindirectHmethodIsuccessfulJcombinedKNecessarilyLcapacityMabilityNBasicallyOadoptAnswers:1.選B)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。原文意思為“會(huì)計(jì)部門.計(jì)算報(bào)酬”，選項(xiàng)中的形容詞responsible“負(fù)責(zé)任的”，useful“有用的”，indirect“間接的”，successful“成功的”，其中indirect不能與for連用，排除；剩余幾項(xiàng)中只有B)responsible意義符合原句，其他均不符合，故排除。2.選O)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。本文主題就是采用一種新的工資和薪水制度時(shí)需要注意的問題，選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞原形有compare“比較”，find“找到”，adopt“采納”，分別帶入原文，只有adopt最符合原文意思，故選O).3.選H)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。從原文看，and連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，所以要填的詞應(yīng)與and后面的ways意思一致，選項(xiàng)中的名詞只有mathod=ways，故選H)method。4.選I)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。上文說新的工資制度需要一套決定工作評(píng)估和衡量雇員表現(xiàn)的方法，說的是制度“是否有用”的問題。這句說的時(shí)新的工資制度執(zhí)行過程中的問題，勞資雙方先期達(dá)成一致是薪酬制度成功的必要條件。形容詞useful和successful，I)seccessful更符合原文意思。Lucy陪你說英語快速提高英語口語秘笈：版權(quán)歸原作者所有5.選D)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。這個(gè)動(dòng)詞的賓語是point“分值”，把分值.起來togiveatotalvalue得出總分值，選項(xiàng)中有added和combined，前者指“把.相加”，后者意為“把.結(jié)合在一起”，原文指將分值相加得出總分，故D)added最符合文意。6.選M)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。首先solveproblem“解決問題”是經(jīng)理們應(yīng)具備的能力，選項(xiàng)中的capacity與ability都可以表示“能力”；前者強(qiáng)調(diào)的是理解的能力和接受事物的能力，而后者強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)際應(yīng)用的能力，故不難判斷解決問題的能力應(yīng)該用M)ability。7.選F)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。前半句指出“因?yàn)楣芾砉ぷ骱茈y評(píng)估，經(jīng)理的工作得分不需要參照基于分值的評(píng)估系統(tǒng)決定?！眞ithoutreferenceto為固定搭配，意思是“與.無關(guān)”。故選F)reference。8.選A)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。原句中出現(xiàn)了thevalueofeachjob“每種工作的價(jià)值”和theseinthejobmarket“工作市場(chǎng)上的(工作價(jià)值)”，說明人事部門通過比較兩種價(jià)值來計(jì)算工資制度。選項(xiàng)中只有compare表示“比較”，所以A)正確。9.選K)。此處應(yīng)填副詞，修飾整句話?！皥?bào)酬要隨工作表現(xiàn)各方面的不同而有所改變”，選項(xiàng)中Necessarily“必須地”與Basically“基本地”為副詞，分別帶入原文，“報(bào)酬.的變化是必須的”更符合上下文意思，故排除N),選K)。10.選G)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。前文中提到一種情況即simpletomeasuretheworkdone易于評(píng)估的工作，通常用現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)辦法；而.measurementisdifficult“難于評(píng)估的”，說明這些工作人員的工作不像手工工作那么直接，因而是間接的，故選項(xiàng)中只有G)indirect符合原句的意思。2010年6月英語四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及解析(6)【閱讀練習(xí)】Americansareproudoftheirvarietyandindividualty,yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethanauniform.Whyareuniformsso_1_intheUnitedStates?Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmore_2_thancivilian(百姓的)clothes.Peoplehavebecomeconditionedto_3_superiorqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform.Thetelevisionrepairmanwhowearsauniformtendsto_4_moretrustthanonewhoappearsincivilianclothes.Faithinthe_5_ofagaragemechanicisincreasedbyauniform.Whataneasierwayisthereforanurse,apoliceman,abarber,orawaiterto_6_professionalidentity(身份)thantostepoutofuniform?Uniformsalsohavemany_7_benefits.Theysaveonotherclothes.Theysaveonlaundrybills.Theyareoftenmorecomfortableandmoredurablethancivilianclothes.Primaryamongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandtheconsequentlossof_8_experiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.Thoughtherearemanytypesofuniforms,thewearerofanyparticulartypeisgenerallystuckwithit,without_9_,untilretirement.Whenpeoplelookalike,theytendtothink,speak,andact_10_,onthejobatleast.AskillBpopularCgetDchangeEsimilarlyFprofessionalGcharacterHindividualityIinspireJdifferentlyKexpectLLucy陪你說英語快速提高英語口語秘笈：版權(quán)歸原作者所有MrecallNloseOordinary1.選B)。從文章的第一句theyloveandrespectfewthinsmorethanauniform“他們又無比熱愛和崇尚制服”，說明了制服在美國很受歡迎。因此選項(xiàng)B)popular符合原文意思。選項(xiàng)中的professional“職業(yè)的”、practical“實(shí)用的”和ordinary“普通的，平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。2.選F)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。從more.thancivilianclothes可知，此處要填的形容詞意思與civilian相對(duì)，說明制服的特點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)中的形容詞中只有professional“職業(yè)的”和civilian相對(duì)的，故F)正確。而pratical“實(shí)用的”和ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和civilian對(duì)應(yīng)，故排除。3.選K)。由beconditionedtodosth.“習(xí)慣于”可知，此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。從前面的lookmore“看起來更.”和后面的tendto“傾向于”可知，這段要說明的是人們的主觀印象，應(yīng)填入表示“期望(得到)”的單詞，只有K)expect符合原文語氣。選項(xiàng)中g(shù)et“得到”與上下文的語氣不符合。4.選I)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。從原文中“人們習(xí)慣.從穿制服的人那兒得到優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)?！笨芍藗兏湃未┲品娜?，即制服能使人產(chǎn)生信任感。選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞原形中只有inspire“使產(chǎn)生”符合文章。5.選A)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。前面兩句表達(dá)了人們對(duì)穿制服的人更加信任的意思，那么對(duì)于garagemechanic“汽車修理工”來說，人們信任的是它的技術(shù)，而不是人品，故選項(xiàng)中只有A)skill符合原文意思。6.選N)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。.stepoutofuniform“脫掉制服”是對(duì)護(hù)士、警察等來說是.職業(yè)身份的很簡(jiǎn)單的方式。脫下制服就是失去了職業(yè)身份，由此可以推知此處應(yīng)填N)lose。7.選L)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞，說明制服的其他有點(diǎn)。從下文“.節(jié)省購買其他衣服的開銷，節(jié)省洗衣費(fèi)用，比便服更舒適也更耐穿”可知，制服除了增加信任感還有實(shí)際的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)中的pratical“實(shí)用的”和ordinary“平常的”，很明顯L)pratical符合原文意思。8.選H)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。文章手段就說“美國人為自己的多元化和個(gè)性化感到高傲無比，然而他們又無比熱愛和崇尚制服”，其中包含制服使他們失去自己的個(gè)性的意思，那么聯(lián)系第一段，此處指出的制服的缺點(diǎn)即為失去個(gè)性，故選項(xiàng)H)individuality正確。individuality強(qiáng)調(diào)與他人特點(diǎn)的區(qū)別，而character指的是個(gè)人特定的內(nèi)在本質(zhì)。9.選D)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。前面說制服讓人失去了個(gè)性，雖然有很多種制服，但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服，所有是沒有變化的，故此處應(yīng)填change，故D)正確。10.選E)。此處應(yīng)填副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞act。前面指出.lookalike,theytendto.，說明此處填的詞和alike意思相近。選項(xiàng)種副詞有similarly和differently，很明顯，E)similarly與alike意思相近，故選E)。2010年6月英語四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及解析(7)【閱讀練習(xí)】AftertheviolentearthquakethatshookLosAngelesin1994,earthquakescientistshadgoodnewstoreport:Thedamageanddeathtoll(死亡人數(shù))couldhavebeenmuchworse.Morethan60peoplediedinthisearthquake.Bycomparison,andearthquakeofsimilar_1_thatshookAmericain1998claimed25,000victims.Injuriesanddeathswere_2_lessinLosAngelesbecausethequakeoccurredat4:31a.m.Onaholiday,whentrafficwaslightonthecityshighway.Inaddition,_3_madetotheconstructioncodesinLosAngelesduringthelast20yearshavestrengthenedthecitysbuildingsandhighways,makingthemmore_4_toquakes.Inthepast,makingstructuresquake-resist-antmeantfirmyet_5_materials,suchassteelandwood,thatbendwithoutbreaking.Later,peopletriedtoliftabuildingoffitsfoundation,andinsertrubberandsteelbetweenthebuildinganditsfoundationto_6_theimpactofgroundvibrations.Themost_7_designsgivebuild