閱讀理解練習(xí).doc

袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂螃衿膆莈螂肁蒁莄螁膃芄蚃螀袃蒀蕿蝿羅節(jié)蒅蝿?wù)剌芮`袈膀芁蠆袇衿肄薅袆羂艿薁裊膄肂蕆襖襖莇莃袃羆膀螞袃肈莆薈袂膁膈蒄羈袀莄莀羀羃膇蠆罿肅莂蚄羈芇膅薀羇羇蒀蒆薄聿芃莂薃膁葿蟻薂袁節(jié)薇蟻羃蕆蒃蟻肆芀荿蝕膈肅螈蠆羈羋蚄蚈肀膁薀蚇膂莆蒆蚆袂腿莂蚅羄蒞蝕螅肇膈薆螄腿莃蒂 Upon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years), children are encouraged, but not forced, to “l(fā)eave the nest” and begin an independent life. After children leave home they often find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marriages for their children, nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married. Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in the United States; young adults meet their future spouses (配偶) through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions. Although children choose their own spouses, they still hope their parents will approve of their choices. In many families, parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves. A parent may try to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career. Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to assert their independence. A son may deliberately decide not to go into his fathers business because of a fear that he will lose his autonomy in his fathers workplace. This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each other. Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family Coexisting with such love in the American family are cultural values of self reliance and independence. 1. The writer discusses the marriage of young adults in order to show which of the following? A) They enjoy the freedom of choosing their spouses. B) They want to win the permission of their parents. C) They have a strong desire to become independent. D) They want to challenge the authority of their parents. 2. Most young adults in the U.S. get married for the sake of _. A) love B) financial concern C) their parents D) family background 3. Based on the passage, it can be assumed that _. A) American young adults are likely to follow the suit of their parents B) most American people never make major decisions for their children C) American young adults possess cultural values of independence D) once a young person steps into his twenties, he will leave his home permanently 4. A son is unwilling to work in his fathers business mainly because _. A) he wishes to make full use of what he has learnt in school B) he wants to prove his independence C) he wishes to do the opposite of what his parents approve of D) he wants to show his love for his parents 5. The subject matter of this selection is _. A) family values B) marriage arrangements C) the pursuit of a career D) decision making 參考答案：C A C B A 參考譯文： 子女一旦到適當(dāng)年齡（通常是18至21歲），要鼓勵(lì)而不是強(qiáng)迫他們“離開(kāi)窩的，財(cái)政的巢”，開(kāi)始獨(dú)立生活。小孩離開(kāi)家后，往往在外能夠與人交往，并自謀出路。父母不為子女安排婚姻，子女結(jié)婚也通常無(wú)需獲得父母同意。在美國(guó)，浪漫的愛(ài)情往往是婚姻的基礎(chǔ)，通過(guò)朋友在學(xué)校、單位、組織以及宗教團(tuán)體認(rèn)識(shí)自己的，愛(ài)情的未來(lái)的伴侶。盡管子女自己擇偶，他們?nèi)匀幌Ｍ改改苷J(rèn)同他們的選擇。 許多家庭的父母認(rèn)為，應(yīng)由子女自己來(lái)做他們生活中的重大決定。家長(zhǎng)可能會(huì)設(shè)法影響子女去從事某一職業(yè)，但子女也有選擇其它職業(yè)的自由。有時(shí)為了證實(shí)自己的獨(dú)立性，子女從事的工作正好與父母希望的相反。兒子可能執(zhí)意不去父親的企業(yè)工作，因?yàn)閾?dān)心在那里就不能獨(dú)立自主。這種不依靠父母的獨(dú)立性并不意味著父母與子女之間缺乏愛(ài)心。父母和子女之間普遍都有摯愛(ài)，美國(guó)家庭也毫不例外。只不過(guò)在美國(guó)家庭之中，還融合了自主、獨(dú)立的文化價(jià)值觀念。If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies the graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training. Thats especially true of booing fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornells School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelors degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience. But in the long run, too much specialization doesnt pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years. As further evidence of the erosion (銷(xiāo)蝕) of corporate(公司的) faith in specialized degrees, Michigan States Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, Although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isnt constrained(限制)by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture,” says Scheetz. This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems, David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, “I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,” says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behaviorplus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,” says Scheetz. 1. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market? A. Students with a bachelors degree in humanities. B. People with an MBA degree front top universities. C. People with formal schooling plus work experience. D. People with special training in engineering 2. By saying “but the impact of a degree washes out after five years” (Line 3, Para, 3), the author means _. A. most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation B. an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions C. MBA programs will not be as popular in five years time as they are now D. in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got 3. According to Schertzs statement (Lines 4-5. Para. 4), companies prefer _. A. people who have a strategic mind B. people who are talented in fine arts C. people who are ambitious and aggressive D. people who have received training in mechanics 4. David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because _. A. they are more capable of handling changing situations B. they can stick to established ways of solving problems C. they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields D. they have attended special programs in management 5. Which of the following statements does the author support? A. Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists. B. Formal schooling is less important than job training. C. On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly. D. Generalists will outdo specialists in management. 答案：C B A A DTo say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies. No child imitates every action he sees. Sometimes, the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example. Therefore we must turn to a more subtle theory than “Monkey see, monkey do.” Look at it from the childs point of view. Here he is in a new situation, lacking a ready response. He is seeking a response which will gain certain ends. If he lacks a ready response for the situation, and cannot reason out what to do, he observes a model who seems able to get the right result. The child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do.? There is a second element at work in this situation. The child may be able to attain his immediate goal only to find that his method brings criticism from people who observe him. When shouting across the house achieves his immediate end of delivering a message, he is told emphatically that such a racket is unpleasant, that he should walk into the next room and say his say quietly. Thus, the desire to solve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly. One of the early things the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response. Then other adults reward some actions and criticize others. If one is to maintain the support of others and his own self-respect, he must adopt responses his social group approves. In finding trial responses, the learner does not choose models at random. He imitates the person who seems a good person to be like, rather than a person whose social status he wishes to avoid. If the pupil wants to be a good violinist, he will observe and try to copy the techniques of capable players; while some other person may most influence his approach to books.? Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole, and he becomes an identifying figure. We use some people as models over a wide range of situations, imitating much that they do. We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success. 1. The statement that children learn by imitation is incomplete because_ . A. they only imitate authorities and experts B. they are not willing to copy their parents C. the process of identification has been ignored D. the nature of their imitation as a form of behavior has been neglected 2. For a child the first element in his learning by imitation is . A. the need to find an authority B. the need to find a way to achieve the desired result C. the need for more affection from his parents D. the desire to meet the standards of his social group 3. Apart from achieving his desired results, a child should also learn to_ . A. behave properly C. show his affection for his parents B. attain his goal as soon as possible D. talk quietly 4. Children tend to imitate their models_ . A. who do not criticize them B. who bring them unexpected rewards C. whom they want to be like D. whose social status is high 5. “An identifying figure”(Line 2, Para. 5. )refers to a person_ . A. who serves as a model for others B. who is always successful C. who can be depended upon D. who has been rewarded for his success 參考答案：1-5 D B A C AProper arrangement of classroom space is important to encouraging interactionMost of us have noticed how important physical setting is to efficiency and comfort in our workTodays corporation hire human engineering specialists and spend a considerable amount of time and money to make sure that the physical environments of buildings are fit to the activities of their inhabitants Similarly, college classroom space should be designed to encourage the activity of critical thinkingWe are already in the twenty-first century，but step into almost any colleg