外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯洛陽雙空間尺度的生態(tài)城市建設(shè).doc

畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯洛陽雙空間尺度的生態(tài)城市建設(shè)【摘要】一個(gè)生態(tài)城市的建設(shè)有兩個(gè)平臺(tái)：小平臺(tái)，即市區(qū)或僅僅作為“城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)”之稱，與大平臺(tái)，即在某些城市周邊地區(qū)或地域范圍也被稱為“以城市區(qū)域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)“。一個(gè)生態(tài)城市的建設(shè)必須啟動(dòng)的雙重空間標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：城市（市區(qū)）的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，優(yōu)化城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，在城市地區(qū)（市境）的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，優(yōu)化城市區(qū)域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。中國的洛陽城市內(nèi)甚至在世界上具有鮮明的特點(diǎn)和典型的形象。在雙空間標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為城市建設(shè)生態(tài)城市和城市地區(qū)，具有重要的意義，城市化進(jìn)程與洛陽的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。在城市區(qū)域的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，洛陽的生態(tài)城市建設(shè)的首要任務(wù)是創(chuàng)造良好的城市在其境內(nèi)生態(tài)環(huán)境平臺(tái)。在城市的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中，洛陽的生態(tài)城市建設(shè)的基本任務(wù)是要提高生態(tài)承載力和中心城市的利益。隨著18世紀(jì)中葉的工業(yè)革命，特別是20世紀(jì)中期的城市化建設(shè)的狂潮，城市生態(tài)建設(shè)的重要性也日益突出?！娟P(guān)鍵字】生態(tài)城市 建設(shè) 生態(tài)系統(tǒng)人與自然和諧發(fā)展，是要與兼容的，相融合發(fā)展的生態(tài)環(huán)境，經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展，顯示了生態(tài)環(huán)境，經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的辯證關(guān)系。 2004年12月，江門市，國家環(huán)保總局先后被評(píng)為“國家環(huán)境保護(hù)模范城市”，這是一個(gè)良好的城市環(huán)境的承認(rèn)。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)不斷發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，對(duì)環(huán)境質(zhì)量廣大市民的要求越來越高。今年，該市提出了國家生態(tài)城市的目標(biāo)，創(chuàng)造新的，無疑是一個(gè)積極的公眾對(duì)這種要求。生態(tài)城市不僅是一般意義上說，擴(kuò)大植樹造林，加強(qiáng)環(huán)保，但挖掘區(qū)域內(nèi)的潛力，實(shí)現(xiàn)人與自然，資源和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，合理利用一切可用的和諧共處資源良性循環(huán)，這是城市化的發(fā)展方向和目標(biāo)。要以生態(tài)城市管理理念，提高城市綜合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。江門五邑良好的生態(tài)優(yōu)勢(shì)，以建設(shè)生態(tài)城市打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。如何發(fā)揮生態(tài)優(yōu)勢(shì)，發(fā)展生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)，構(gòu)建出一個(gè)與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的生態(tài)環(huán)境“的生態(tài)城市，雙贏”的人與自然和諧相處的道路，這是一個(gè)社會(huì)廣泛關(guān)注。市委，市政府提出的建設(shè)一個(gè)繁榮的江門，和諧江門市，江門市的環(huán)保目標(biāo)，建立在指定方向的環(huán)境優(yōu)先的發(fā)展觀，建立生態(tài)城市的。建立綠色GDP的概念，建設(shè)實(shí)力，生態(tài)城市。 “綠色GDP”是指目前國民核算，增加其環(huán)境資源核算，從GDP中扣除環(huán)境資源和環(huán)境資源，服務(wù)收費(fèi)保護(hù)的成本，計(jì)算結(jié)果稱為“綠色GDP”。 “綠色GDP”是“硬實(shí)力”的城市發(fā)展，反映了增長(zhǎng)速度，以優(yōu)化資源消耗和減少思想統(tǒng)一效果，而且提高“綠色GDP”，要著眼于加快經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)，生態(tài)工業(yè)，生態(tài)旅游，生態(tài)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)，可持續(xù)發(fā)展的道路。生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展，著眼于綠色農(nóng)產(chǎn)品發(fā)展（例如，新會(huì)區(qū)，“濕”荔枝，“四人幫州春”蟲草子等為農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的方向），提高溫室效應(yīng)對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的比重。通過對(duì)促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，發(fā)展無公害農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，綠色食品，開始了綠色特色品牌。增加農(nóng)業(yè)科技投入和資金投入的投資，擴(kuò)大基地規(guī)模，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品商品率和加工率，提高農(nóng)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，才能有效提高農(nóng)民收入。發(fā)展生態(tài)工業(yè)，以資源節(jié)約型發(fā)展的內(nèi)容類型和新型工業(yè)化道路。堅(jiān)持速度和結(jié)構(gòu)，質(zhì)量和效率，對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的重點(diǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)鲩L(zhǎng)方式，提高增長(zhǎng)的質(zhì)量和效率。按照減少，再利用，資源化的原則，在堅(jiān)持發(fā)展與保護(hù)的同時(shí)，鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)實(shí)施節(jié)能，節(jié)水和新的環(huán)保技術(shù)，推行清潔生產(chǎn)，循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。從工業(yè)生產(chǎn)源頭和生產(chǎn)過程控制工業(yè)污染的高科技，先進(jìn)適用技術(shù)和“綠色技術(shù)”改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)。要引導(dǎo)企業(yè)收集高科技園區(qū)，在關(guān)鍵的引進(jìn)，以及項(xiàng)目的稀缺，延長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)合理布局，建設(shè)城市生態(tài)工業(yè)體系。發(fā)展生態(tài)旅游，采礦和旅游資源的整合，以進(jìn)一步的元素以創(chuàng)建生態(tài)旅游品牌。市是“中國優(yōu)秀旅游城市”，以豐富而獨(dú)特的旅游資源。城市地區(qū)，陳掰莎寺，與公園白水，新的理事會(huì)，崖門古戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，鳥的天堂是一個(gè)著名的旅游景點(diǎn)，開發(fā)和利用的潛力仍然很大。生態(tài)文化的發(fā)展，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)獨(dú)特的文化和生產(chǎn)力，生態(tài)文化和商業(yè)，服務(wù)業(yè)，房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)，如有機(jī)結(jié)合。江門有一個(gè)“第一個(gè)海外華人，”海外華人特色的聲譽(yù)，文化是江門市的精神靈魂。要充分利用“，通過展示中華文化的中國（江門市華僑旅游節(jié)）的故鄉(xiāng)和中國狂歡節(jié)的有效載體”活動(dòng)，海外華人所激發(fā)出來的各種文化活動(dòng)，努力建立一個(gè)良好的海外主題中國特色的旅游品牌文化，華人文化塑造和新的形象。綠色建設(shè)綠色生態(tài)城市競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的概念的建立。幾年前，市政府提出適當(dāng)?shù)臉I(yè)務(wù)在江門，合適的棲息地，位于適合休閑景觀園林城市，堅(jiān)持和促進(jìn)城市發(fā)展和建設(shè)和環(huán)境管理，“兩個(gè)輪子”轉(zhuǎn)，在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，同時(shí)，下大力氣做好生態(tài)保護(hù)工作，努力創(chuàng)造最適合人類居住，適宜創(chuàng)業(yè)，是發(fā)展綠色生態(tài)城市，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)展，讓老百姓得到好處。格林是一個(gè)充滿活力和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的城市的象征。為了保持和進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)的活力和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，我們必須發(fā)揮我們的城市依山傍水，環(huán)境優(yōu)美的優(yōu)勢(shì)，大力挖掘的“山區(qū)實(shí)施城市生態(tài)要素，碧水，藍(lán)天，綠色”工程和“綠化，美化，照明，清潔“工程，全面實(shí)施山脈，河流，湖泊，城市治理和生態(tài)建設(shè)，建設(shè)園林城市景觀特色，并創(chuàng)建一個(gè)點(diǎn)（圖），線（道路），面（公園，公共綠地空間）結(jié)合部不無綠，到處有樹良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境，風(fēng)景秀麗的使用，以吸引外國游客，促進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)和旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榫G色經(jīng)濟(jì)，不斷提高城市的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。（3）建立人為本的觀念，人類生態(tài)城市建設(shè)。一個(gè)城市的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，創(chuàng)造了她的忙升級(jí)后的城市文化品味和價(jià)值觀念的出現(xiàn)，營造良好的體制環(huán)境，以促進(jìn)在諸如“城市軟實(shí)力”將成為她成為一個(gè)和諧的社會(huì)進(jìn)一步人文精神的必然選擇。這是城市發(fā)展的潛力，增強(qiáng)綜合實(shí)力和外部的上訴“的城市魅力?！睘榇耍覀儽仨殑?chuàng)造一種獨(dú)特的城市人文精神，以增強(qiáng)凝聚力，從而提高城市的軟實(shí)力。事實(shí)上，江門市，表現(xiàn)出了深厚的傳統(tǒng)，鮮明的優(yōu)勢(shì)，充滿活力的文化傳統(tǒng)，所以我們還需要找到一個(gè)合適的，通過科學(xué)江門精神的實(shí)際發(fā)展的獨(dú)特內(nèi)涵，系統(tǒng)集成，升級(jí)，改進(jìn)，深和系統(tǒng)的支持，富民強(qiáng)市，建設(shè)新僑，促進(jìn)物質(zhì)文明，精神文明和政治文明建設(shè)共同進(jìn)步。在政府環(huán)境中，通過了ISO9001質(zhì)量管理制度，探索建立現(xiàn)代城市管理的認(rèn)識(shí)，理論，方法和手段，逐步建立法治，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化和新的城市管理體制和運(yùn)行機(jī)制，信息化的規(guī)則人類建設(shè)生態(tài)城市創(chuàng)造良好的行政環(huán)境。在此基礎(chǔ)上，逐步改善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大雙方的水，電，路，信，社會(huì)事業(yè)和其他城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和住房等與生活密切相關(guān)的投資環(huán)境，增強(qiáng)人民群眾的切身利益對(duì)外國產(chǎn)業(yè)和人口的承載能力，確保城市健康發(fā)展的城市。總之，我們要以此為指導(dǎo)，以科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，積極建設(shè)生態(tài)城市，創(chuàng)造良好的生活環(huán)境，使文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)在調(diào)整人與自然和諧相處的發(fā)展，形成了“綠色產(chǎn)業(yè)“富民強(qiáng)市的可持續(xù)發(fā)展的生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式，建成生態(tài)環(huán)境優(yōu)越的發(fā)展和生活環(huán)境優(yōu)美的城市江門市良好的條件。文獻(xiàn)出處：Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2007年03期外文文獻(xiàn)原文：Luoyang Dual Spatial Criterion Ecological City Construction【Introduction】: The construction of an ecological city has two founda- tional platforms: the small platform, namely urban district or simply called as city ecosystem; and the big platform, namely around city district in certain region scope or also referred to as city-region ecosystem. The construction of an ecological city must be launched in the dual spatial criteria: in city (urban district) criterionoptimizing the city ecosystem; in city-region (city territory) criterionoptimizing the city-region ecosystem. Luoy-ang has the bright characteristic and the typical image within cities of China, and even in the world. The construction of an ecological city in dual spatial criteriathe city and the city-regionhas the vital significance to urbanization advancement and sustainable development in Luoyang. In city-region criterion, the primary mission of Luoyangs ecological city construction is to create a fine ecological environment platform in its city territory. In city criterion, the basic duty of Luoyangs ecologic city construction is to enhance the ecological capacity and benefit of the central city. Necessity of constructing an ecological city Following the Industrial Revolution in the middle of the 18th century, especially the accompanied urbanization wave in latter half of the 20th century, industrialization and urbanization forc【Keyword】：ecological city, construction, ecosysthe harmonious development between man and nature, is to make the economic and social development with the ecological environment in the development of compatible, phase convergence, showing the ecological environment and economic and social development of the dialectical relationship. In December 2004, Jiangmen City, State Environmental Protection Administration has been named “National Environmental Protection Model City”, which is a good city environment recognition. With the continuous economic and social development and progress, the general public on environmental quality demands increasingly high. This year, the city put forward the creation of a national ecological citys new goal is undoubtedly a positive public response to such requests. Eco-city is not just a general sense, the expansion of afforestation, enhance environmental protection, but to tap all available resources within the regions potential to achieve harmonious coexistence between man and nature, rational use of resources and economic and social sustainable development, a virtuous cycle of , which is the goal of urbanization development and direction. We should take the ecological concept of city management, and improve the citys comprehensive competitiveness.Jiangmen Wuyi good ecological advantages, in order to build an ecological city has laid a good foundation. How to play the ecological advantages, development of eco-economy, build an ecological city, out of an ecological environment with economic and social development “win-win” path of harmony between man and nature, this is a community-wide concern. Municipal Party Committee and municipal government proposed building a prosperous Jiangmen, harmony Jiangmen, Jiangmen green targets, establish environmental priorities of the development concept for the creation of eco-cities in the specified direction.(1) establishing the green GDP concept, building strength, eco-city. “Green GDP” refers to the current national accounts to increase their environmental resources in accounting, deducted from GDP, the cost of environmental resources and environmental resources, protection of service charges, the calculation result is called “Green GDP”. “Green GDP” is the urban development of the “hard power”, reflecting the growth rate to optimize resource consumption and minimize the effectiveness of the unity of ideas, but to improve the “green GDP”, we should focus on accelerating the development of ecological agriculture, ecological industry, eco-tourism, ecological and cultural industries, the path of sustainable development. The development of ecological agriculture, focuses on the development of green agricultural products (eg, Xinhui District, “Green Sand” litchi and the “Gang State Spring” Cordyceps child, etc.) for the direction of adjustment of agricultural structure, improve the green the proportion of agricultural products in agriculture. Through the promotion of standardization of agricultural production and to develop pollution-free agricultural products, green food, started the green featured brands. Increase investment in agricultural science and technology inputs and capital investment to expand the scope of military bases, farm commodity rate and processing rate, to enhance agricultural competitiveness in order to effectively improve the income of peasants. Development of eco-industry, taking resource-saving type of content development and new road to industrialization. Adhere to the speed and structure, quality, and efficiency, the focus to the adjustment of economic structure, changing the mode of growth, improve quality and efficiency of growth. Accordance with the reduction, re-use, resource-oriented principle, insistence on the development and conservation simultaneously, encouraging enterprises to implement energy-saving, water saving and new environmental technologies, promote clean production, the development of circular economy. From industrial production source and production process control of industrial pollution, with high-tech, advanced applicable technologies and “green technology” to transform traditional industries. To guide enterprises to gather high-tech park, the introduction of the key, the scarcity of projects, to extend the industrial chain, promoting the rational distribution of industry, building urban eco-industrial system. Development of eco-tourism, mining and integration of tourism resources to further elements to create eco-tourism brand. City is “China Excellent Tourism City”, with a rich and unique tourism resources. Urban areas, Chen Baisha Temple, white water with a park, the new Council, Yamen ancient battlefields, bird paradise is a famous tourist attraction, development and utilization of the potential remains great. The development of ecological culture, and create a unique culture and productivity, the ecological culture and commerce, services, real estate developments, such as the organic integration. Jiangmen has a “first overseas Chinese,” the reputation of overseas Chinese characteristics, culture is the soul of the spirit of Jiangmen city. To make full use “China (Jiangmen) hometown of overseas Chinese Tourism Festival and the Chinese Carnival” activities in the effective carrier, through the display of Chinese culture, overseas Chinese-inspired theme of the various cultural activities, efforts to build a good overseas Chinese characteristics and culture of travel brands, shaping of overseas Chinese culture and a new image.(2) the establishment of the competitiveness concept of green building green ecological city. Some years ago, the municipal government put appropriate business located in Jiangmen, suitable habitat, suitable for leisure landscapes garden city, adhere to and promote urban development and construction and environmental management, “two wheels” to turn, in promoting economic growth the same time, make great efforts to do a good job of ecological protection, and strive to create the most suitable for human habitation, entrepreneurship, the development of green eco-city, and promoting economic and ecological and environmental development, so that ordinary people can obtain benefits. Green is a city symbol of vitality and competitiveness. In order to maintain and further enhance the vitality and competitiveness, we must play our city Yishanbangshui the advantages of a beautiful environment, vigorously tap the urban ecological elements of the implementation of “the mountains, clear water, blue sky, green” engineering and “green, landscaping , lighting, clean “project, fully operational mountains, rivers, lakes, city and construction of ecological governance, build garden city landscape features, and create a point (plot), lines (roads), surface (parks, public green space) combined with no Department did not green, and everywhere there are trees a good ecological environment, the use of beautiful landscapes, to attract foreign visitors and promote the development of real estate and tourism industries to promote economic growth mode transformation to a green economy, and constantly raising the citys competitiveness.(3) the establishment of people-oriented concept, the building of human ecological city. A citys infrastructure to create the appearance of her busy after the upgrade urban cultural tastes and values, to create a favorable institutional environment to foster human spirit such as “City soft power” will become her further into a harmonious society inevitable choice. This is the development of urban potential, enhance the comprehensive strength and external appeal “urban charm.” To this end, we must create a distinctive urban human spirit, to boost its cohesion, and thus raise the citys soft power. In fact, Jiangmen City, has shown the traditional deep, clear-cut advantages, vibrant cultural heritage, so we also need to find a suitable Jiangmen unique connotation of the actual development of the spirit, through science, systems integration, upgrade, improve, its deep and systematic support for wealthy and strong city, the building of a new overseas Chinese to promote the material civilization, sp