中考英語不規(guī)則動詞專題的總結(jié)和復(fù)習(xí).doc

3eud教育網(wǎng) 百萬教學(xué)資源，完全免費(fèi)，無須注冊，天天更新！不規(guī)則動詞1.A-A-A型（無變化的動詞）cut-cut-cutlet-let-lethit-hit-hitput-put-putcost-cost-costhurt-hurt-hurtread/rid/-readred-readred2.A-A-B型（現(xiàn)在式與過去式同形）beat-beat-beaten3.A-B-A型（現(xiàn)在式與過去分詞同形）come-came-comebecome-became-becomerun-ran-run4.A-B-B型（動詞的過去式與過去分詞相同）（1）詞尾的“d”變?yōu)椤皌”或詞尾是“n”加“t”build-built-builtlend-lent-lentsend-sent-sentspend-spent-spentburn-burnt/burned-burnt/burnedlearn-learnt/learned-learnt/learnedmean-meant-meant（2）把原形變?yōu)閍ught及ought的變化（如果原形有a則是aught，無a則是ought）buy-bought-boughtbring-brought-broughtthink-thought-thoughtfight-fought-foughtcatch-caught-caughtteach-taught-taught（3）eep變ept或過去式、過去分詞含有/e/音的動詞keep-kept-keptsleep-slept-sleptsweep-swept-sweptleave-left-leftsay-said-saidmeet-met-metspell-spelt-speltsmell-smelt/smelled-smelt/smelledhold-held-heldfeel-felt-felt（4）其他dig-dug-dugfind-found-foundstand-stood-stoodunderstand-understood-understoodget-got-gotsit-sat-satspoil-spoilt-spoilthave/has-had-hadsell-sold-soldtell-told-toldhang-hanged/hung-hanged/hunghear-heard-heardmake-made-madepay-paid-paidlay-laid-laidlie（說謊）-lied-liedlose-lost-lostshine-shone/shined-shone/shinedwin-won-wonshoot-shot-shot5.A-B-C型（現(xiàn)在式、過去式與過去分詞都不相同）（1）in、im的變化（i-a-u型）sing-sang-sungring-rang-rungbegin-began-begundrink-drank-drunkswim-swam-swumsink-sank-sunk（2）在動詞原形后加n或en構(gòu)成過去分詞ow及aw的變化（過去式以ew結(jié)尾，過去分詞以wn結(jié)尾）draw-drew-drawnknow-knew-knownthrow-threw-thrownblow-blew-blowngrow-grew-grownfly-flew-flown元音是i的開音節(jié)的變化（過去分詞以en結(jié)尾）drive-drove-drivenrise-rose-risenride-rode-riddenwrite-wrote-writtengive-gave-given其他see-saw-seeneat-ate-eatentake-took-takenfall-fell-fallenfreeze-froze-frozenshow-showed-shownbreak-broke-brokenspeak-spoke-spokenwake-woke-wokenchoose-chose-chosenforget-forgot-forgottenlie（躺，放）-lay-lainwear-wore-wornbe（am，is，are）-was/were-been（3）其他go-went-gonedo-did-done6.有過去式，沒有過去分詞的動詞can-couldmay-mightmust-mustshall-shouldwill-would不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式1.以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)（1）加s，如：belief-beliefsroof-roofsgulf-gulfs（2）去f，fe加ves，如：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveslife-liveswolf-wolvesthief-thievesself-selveswife-wivesshelf-shelves歌訣記憶：樹葉（leaf）半數(shù)（half）自己（self）黃；妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去割糧；架（shelf）后竄出一匹狼（wolf）；就像小偷（thief）逃命（life）亡。這9個名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時，都要改f（e）為v，再加es，其他的以f（e）結(jié)尾的名詞則直接加s變復(fù)數(shù)。2.以o結(jié)尾的名詞，變復(fù)數(shù)（1）加s，如：photo-photospiano-pianosradio-radioszoo-zooskilo-kilos（2）加es，如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesNegro-Negroeshero-heroes歌訣記憶：黑人（Negro）與英雄（hero）愛吃西紅柿（tomato）與馬鈴薯（potato）。除了這四個以o結(jié)尾的名詞加es外，其余的以o結(jié)尾的名詞加s。3.表示“國家”的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)Chinese-ChineseJapanese-JapaneseEnglishman-EnglishmenFrenchman-FrenchmenGerman-GermansRussian-RussiansIndian-IndiansCanadian-CanadiansAmerican-Americans歌訣記憶：中（Chinese）日（Japanese）不變，英（Englishman）法（Frenchman）變，其余后面（如German等）加s。4.以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞scissors剪刀goods貨物trousers/pants/shorts褲子clothes衣服glasses眼鏡5.以s結(jié)尾，仍為單數(shù)的名詞（1）maths，politics，physics等學(xué)科名詞，為不可數(shù)名詞，是單數(shù)。（2）news是不可數(shù)名詞。（3）the United States，the United Nations應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。6.由man與woman構(gòu)成的合成名詞，兩個構(gòu)成部分都要變成復(fù)數(shù)如：man worker-men workers（男工人）woman doctor-women doctors（女醫(yī)生）7.以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i再加es。例如：baby-babiescity-citiesstory-storiesparty-partieslady-ladiesdiary-diariesarmy-armiescentury-centuriescopy-copies8.以s，x，ch，sh結(jié)尾的名詞加es，如：class-classesbox-boxeswatch-watchesspeech-speechesbus-busesbrush-brushesbench-benchesbeach-beachesboss-bosseschurch-churches9.其他不規(guī)則變化man-menwoman-womengoose-geesefoot-feettooth-teethchild-childrenfish-fishdeer-deersheep-sheepmouse-micefisherman-fishermen歌訣記憶：男人（man）？女人（woman）？a變e，鵝（goose）？足（foot）？牙（tooth）？oo變ee。孩子（child）加上ren，魚（fish）？鹿（deer）綿羊（sheep）不用變。注fish指魚的種類時，要加上es構(gòu)成其復(fù)數(shù)；當(dāng)指魚的條數(shù)時，單復(fù)數(shù)同形；指魚肉時，為不可數(shù)名詞。不規(guī)則形容詞副詞比較級與最高級原級比較級最高級bad worse worstbadly worse worstfar farther farthestfurther furth