高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit5 First aid精品學(xué)案 新人教版必修5.doc

2013版英語(yǔ)一輪精品復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案：unit5 first aid（新人教版必修5）【高考新動(dòng)向】【考綱全景透析】【重點(diǎn)單詞】1. aid n.& vi. 幫助；援助；資助表示一般意義的“幫助”或“援助”，aid 是不可數(shù)名詞；表示具體意義的“助手”、“輔助用品”，aid是可數(shù)名詞。如：a dictionary is an important aid in learning a new language.(詞典是學(xué)習(xí)一種新語(yǔ)言的重要工具) aid 還可以用作動(dòng)詞，搭配為aid sb to do sth(其中的 to 不可省略)，也可用于 aid sb in doing sth固定搭配first aid 急救cut off aid中止援助teaching aids教具a hearing aid助聽(tīng)器medical aid醫(yī)療救護(hù)with the aid of借助于= with the help ofcome to sb.s aid幫助某人in aid of為了幫助aid vt. . 幫助，援助，救助aid sb. 幫助某人aid sb. with sth 幫助某人(做)某事aid sb. in(doing) sth幫助某人(做)某事in aid of 支持，為籌措first aid 急救she came to my aid.她來(lái)幫助我。they aided the poor country with money. 他們用錢(qián)幫助那個(gè)窮鄉(xiāng)村。we were aided by the police我們受到警方的援助【歸納比較】(1)with the aid of sb. = with sb.s aid在某人的幫助下with the aid of a neighbor, he managed to put out the fire.他在鄰居的幫助下把火撲滅了(2)in aid of為了幫助(或救濟(jì)).the collection is in aid of the blind.這筆募集的捐款是用來(lái)救濟(jì)盲人的(3)aid sb. to do sth.= aid sb. inwith幫助某人去做i aided her to continue her study. = i aided her in continuing her study. 我?guī)椭^續(xù)做研究your advice aided her to succeed. 你的忠告使她取得了成功（4）do/give/offer first aid to sb. 對(duì)某人施行急救he hurt his arm during the volleyball match, and some of us gave him first aid.他在排球賽中胳膊受傷了，我們幾個(gè)人對(duì)他進(jìn)行了急救【即境活用】改錯(cuò) 1）the family lived on government aids for two years. _（答案：應(yīng)該為the family lived on government aid for two years. ）2）we may travel on under the aid of a good map._（答案：應(yīng)該為we may travel with the aid of a good map.）2. treat vt. & vi.治療；對(duì)待；款待； n. 款待；招待 she treats me like one of her family.她把我當(dāng)家人來(lái)看待。 the prisoners were all well treated by their guards.囚犯受到衛(wèi)兵很好地對(duì)待。 she treated each of the children to an ice-cream.她請(qǐng)每個(gè)孩子吃了個(gè)冰激凌 lets go out for dinner-my treat this time.咱們出去吃飯吧！-這次我請(qǐng)客3.apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用；vi.申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求；使用；有效 i applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.我申請(qǐng)了4所大學(xué)，全都錄取我了。 the questions on this part of the only apply to married men.表格中這部分問(wèn)題只適用于已婚男士。 he would do very well if only he applied himself.只要專(zhuān)心致志，他會(huì)做得很好的?！局攸c(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1. fall ill生病hearing the bad news,he fell ill. 聽(tīng)到壞消息后，他病了【歸納拓展】fall在這里是連系動(dòng)詞，在短語(yǔ)中意為“變得，變成”，類(lèi)似短語(yǔ)還有：fall off 跌落 fall behind落后fall ill(sick) 病了 fall asleep入睡fall down 掉下；倒塌 fall in love with 愛(ài)上fall off 脫落；減少；從上掉下 fall into the habit of 養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣fall over 跌倒；翻倒；落到上 fall from a tree 從樹(shù)上掉下來(lái)fall silent 沉默【即境活用】用正確短語(yǔ)填空:the boy_ the wall and hurt his right leg. 那個(gè)男孩從墻上掉下來(lái)傷了右腿(答案：fell off)he didnt want to_ others in his studies. 他不想在學(xué)習(xí)上落后于別人。(答案：fall behind)2 in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫贿m當(dāng)i like everything to be in place. 我喜歡一切東西都放在原來(lái)的地方。with everything in place,she started the slide show.一切就緒，她開(kāi)始放幻燈片【歸納拓展】place作名詞時(shí)，其含義為“場(chǎng)所；地方；位置；席位”，在in place這個(gè)短語(yǔ)中多是用作比喻。其反義詞為out of place。這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)多放在be之后作表語(yǔ)。類(lèi)似短語(yǔ)：be inout of order 有條理無(wú)條理；壞了be inout of control 正常失控be inout of danger 有危險(xiǎn)脫離危險(xiǎn)in place of.take the place of.代替；取代give place to 為取代；讓位于【即境活用】his efforts to raise money for his program were _ because, no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. （2009湖北高考） a. in place b. in sight c. in effect d. in vain 【解析】選d. 考查介詞短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)下文no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets可知為集資做出的努力都白費(fèi)了，應(yīng)選擇in vain。in place“和平地”，in sight“在視程內(nèi)”，in effect“實(shí)際上” 3 a number of 若干，許多ive seen the movie a number of times.這部影片我已看過(guò)多次了。a number of problems have arisen 已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了許多問(wèn)題。the number of colleges has increased in the past 10 years.在過(guò)去的十年里，大學(xué)的數(shù)量有所增加【歸納拓展】a number of+可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，意為“許多、大量的”，the number of+可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，意為“的數(shù)目” 例如：a great number of tourists 許多觀光者a large number of students 許多學(xué)生a good number of books 許多書(shū)a small number of errors 少數(shù)的錯(cuò)誤a certain number of young women 一些年輕的女性另外，表示“許多、大量”的短語(yǔ)：a greatgood many a large/ greatgood number of +可數(shù)名詞a good few/quite a fewmany a a great/good deal of a great/ large amount of +不可數(shù)名詞quite a littlea lot of /lots of a great/large quantity of large quantities of +可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞plenty of 【即境活用】the number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them_ absent for different reasons. a. were; was b. was; was c. was; were d. were; were【解析】選c 解析：the number of 是一個(gè)集合性名詞詞組，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)was。而a number of 則表示一個(gè)結(jié)合中的許多，屬于一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞組，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用were。4. make a difference 區(qū)別對(duì)待；有影響；起（重要）作用 it makes a great difference which way he goes.他走那條路會(huì)有很大不同。 where he will come makes on difference.他是否來(lái)無(wú)關(guān)緊要。 the twins are so alike,its difficult to tell the difference.這對(duì)雙胞胎長(zhǎng)得太像了，很難分出誰(shuí)是誰(shuí)?！局攸c(diǎn)句型】1. remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則就把它脫掉。必要時(shí)可用剪刀幫助。if necessary 是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略 if it is necessary ,we shall go home at once.如有必要，我們應(yīng)立刻回家。 while (you are) cycling,dont forget the traffic lights.騎車(chē)時(shí)，不要忘記看紅綠燈。 whenever (it is) possible,he will come to my help.他一有可能就來(lái)幫助我。2. john was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 約翰正在房間里學(xué)習(xí)，突然聽(tīng)到一聲尖叫。此句型中when作并列連詞相當(dāng)于and then意為”正當(dāng)時(shí)突然”【歸納拓展】when并列連詞，= and then，表示“就在那時(shí)，突然”，常見(jiàn)以下句型中： (1) be doing.when.正在做突然i was wandering through the streets when l caught sight of a tailors shop. (2) had done.when.剛做了突然i had just sat down when the light went out. (3) be about to do.when.剛要做突然i was just about to go swimming when our guide saw me and shouted at me.該句中的“when”表示“正在這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于and just或and at that time. 這時(shí)不能用while / as 替換。常見(jiàn)句型：(1) be about to do sth when. (2) be doing sth when. (3) be on the point of doing sth when.【即境活用】1）.we were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. a. when b. while c. until d. before【解析】選a. when 作連詞，表示“正在這時(shí)”。意為“我正在湖中游泳，突然暴風(fēng)雨來(lái)了?！敝挥衱hen才能用于這種句型）2）he was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears.a. why b. wherec. when d. while【解析】選c。主句用了be about to 結(jié)構(gòu),意思是“正準(zhǔn)備做”,與when 引起的從句連用 3）.i along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _ .awent; was occurring b. went; occurred cwas going; occurred dwas going; had occurred【解析】選c. 這里的主句要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),因從句中有when 引起的從句，而且從句多用一般過(guò)去時(shí)?！緹狳c(diǎn)難點(diǎn)全析】省略1.省略是一種避免重復(fù)、保持簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)法手段2.凡是缺少一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的必要語(yǔ)言成分，但在一定語(yǔ)境中能夠獨(dú)立存在，意義明確，并且能發(fā)揮交際功能的句子就是省略句省略的分類(lèi)1. 語(yǔ)篇省略和情景省略 2. 有的省略句可以從上下文找到被省略的成分，這種省略叫做語(yǔ)篇省略如：shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world,if not the largest (city).上海即使不是世界上最大的城市也堪稱(chēng)世界最大的城市之一 2.情景省略有的省略句雖然從上下文中找不到被省略的成分，但是可以從語(yǔ)言情景中推斷出被省略的成分。如：(i am) glad to see you.見(jiàn)到你真高興簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句的省略分類(lèi)說(shuō)明舉例簡(jiǎn)單句的省略不定式的省略a:will you join us?你要同我們一道去嗎？b:i should love to (join you).我愿意。介詞的省略we have lived here (for) ten years.我們?cè)谶@兒已經(jīng)住了10年了但是在否定句中,此類(lèi)for不能省略如：i havent seen you for three months.我已經(jīng)三個(gè)月沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到你了。its no use (in) crying.哭也沒(méi)用在并列句中一般說(shuō)來(lái)，在后一并列然中凡是與上文相同的成分通常都要省略。my room is on the fifth floor,and hers (is) on the eighth (floor).我的房間在五樓,而她的在八樓。i came at right but henry (came) at nine.我在八點(diǎn)來(lái),但是亨利在九點(diǎn)來(lái)復(fù)合句的省略狀語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，且狀語(yǔ)從句中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，省略狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和be 動(dòng)詞。when （the novel is） published,the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year.那本小說(shuō)出版的時(shí)候就會(huì)成為當(dāng)年的暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)之一。although (he was) hard-working,he couldnt earn enough to support himself.盡管努力工作,他的收入還是不夠自己糊口。when (the grapes are) ripe,the grapes will be delicious.當(dāng)葡萄成熟之后就會(huì)很好吃定語(yǔ)從句如果關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)關(guān)系代詞可以省略。here is the man (whom) youve been lookingfor.這位就是你一直在找的人。hes the man (who/that) you can safely depend on.他是你能放心信賴(lài)的人。there are many plays (that) id like to see.有很多話(huà)劇我想看復(fù)合句的省略賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的that 之后接的從句不長(zhǎng)時(shí)，可以省略。如果that 后面的賓語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，that 不能省略。i hope (that) youll be fine soon.我希望你盡快康復(fù)。now scientists warn that if not under control,the unseen energy waves,“electric smog”, may be hazardous to our health.現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家警告說(shuō),有一種肉眼看不到的能波,即“電子煙塵”,如果不加以控制,可能危害人類(lèi)的健康。主語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)整個(gè)主句都可省略，只剩下一個(gè)從句。這種省略現(xiàn)象通常出現(xiàn)在簡(jiǎn)短答語(yǔ)中。a:you all like the story？你們都喜歡這個(gè)故事？b:yes,except that the conclusion is too long.是的,只是結(jié)尾太倉(cāng)促【語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練】1. to his disappointment. the opinion he had stuck _ out wrong. ato turn bto turning cto turneddto be turned2. _, the monument could be restored to its former glory.a. if repaired well b. if repairing well c. to repair well d. repairing well3. _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.a. would you be b. should you be c. could you be d. might you be4. i dont like you speak to her.a. the way b. the way in that c. the way which d. the way of which5. who should be responsible for the accident? the boss, not the workers. they just carried out the order _. a. as they told b. as are told c. as telling d. as told答案：15 cabad【高考零距離】1、（2012重慶卷 t33）33. the headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor_ it a thought.a. does he even given b. he even gives c. whether d. he will even given 【解析】選c。考查特殊句式倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)?？瞻滋幥盀榉穸ㄔ~“nor”位于句首，句子應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，而且根據(jù)語(yǔ)境空白處應(yīng)使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，c選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此，正確答案為c選項(xiàng)。技巧點(diǎn)撥：考查倒裝。否定副詞never位于句首，句子應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)；根據(jù)語(yǔ)境即關(guān)鍵詞before，句子應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故正確答案為c選項(xiàng)。2、（2012四川卷 t5）5. this is not my story, nor _ the whole story. my story plays out differently.a. is there b. there is c. is it d. it is 5.【解析】 選c 。本題考查倒裝句。nor位于句首引起部分倒裝，排除b、d；再根據(jù)句意“這并不是（關(guān)于）我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的結(jié)局不同?！边x代詞it。故答案選c。3.（2011江蘇卷 t33）it sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. , wed better take it to the garage immediately.a. otherwise b. if not c. but for that d. if so【解析】選d。考查省略結(jié)構(gòu)，句意為：聽(tīng)起來(lái)好像汽車(chē)引擎出故障了。如果這樣的話(huà)，我們最好立即把它送到汽修廠(chǎng)。otherwise否則，要不然；if not如果不這樣的話(huà)；but for that要不是因?yàn)槟菢樱籭f so如果這樣的話(huà)。根據(jù)句意可知d項(xiàng)符合句意。4.（2010江西卷t25） parents _ much importance to education. they will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.a attach b pay c link d apply【解析】選a考察動(dòng)詞詞組。attach importance to 關(guān)注.5.（2010湖北卷t30） it is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money favors to them. a. in preference to b. in place of c. in agreement with d. in exchange for 【解析】選d詞組辨析。先理解短語(yǔ)的意思. in preference to（優(yōu)先于）；in place of（代替）；in agreement with（同意，與一致）；in exchange for（交換）。其實(shí)辨析這幾個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)的難度不大，只需要認(rèn)識(shí)每一個(gè)短語(yǔ)中的核心詞preference, exchange, place, agreement的意思即可，猜測(cè)較為容易。6. （2009山東卷t25）the number of foreign students attending chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990. a. is b. are c. has been d. have been 【解析】選c。本題考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是 the number，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，又因時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是since 1997所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。7.（2009江西卷t35） some of you may have finished unit one. _ , you can go on to unit two. a. if you may b. if you do c. if not d. if so 【解析】選d。本題考查省略句的用法。 if so = if you have done that / so8（2009湖南卷t21）every evening after dinner, if not from work, i will spend some time walking my dog. a. being tiredb. tiring c. tired d. to be tired 【解析】選c?？疾槭÷跃涫健Ｔ趇f引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句中還原應(yīng)為if am not tired from work，根據(jù)省略的原則，所以答案選c?！究键c(diǎn)提升訓(xùn)練】一、聽(tīng)力（略）二、單項(xiàng)選擇21.【2012屆浙江杭州重點(diǎn)高中原創(chuàng)模擬】15. -how did the lecture get along by professor zhang yesterday? -the audience was _ by his inspiring speech.a. left out b. worn out c. carried away d. taken in 22 your sister is said_ in the supermarket when she was doing shopping yesterday. a. to be treated badlyb. treating badlyc. being badly treatedd. to have been badly treated23. have you been to the great wall?世紀(jì)金榜 perhaps not in my memory. _, it might have been during my early childhood. 世紀(jì)金榜a. if any b. if ever c. if once d. if not世紀(jì)金榜24. the traditional picture of st nicholas is quite different from _ of father christmas.a. one b. that c. what d. which25.now a lot of new technology can_ problems in industry. a. be applied to solve b. be applied to solvingc. apply to solve d. apply to solving26. 【2012屆保定市高三第一次模擬】31. not until david came up to me，_ a. i noticed him b. i did notice him c. did i notice him d. had i noticed him27. as is known to all, montreal is the second largest french-speaking city in the world, _.a. paris is the largest b. paris the largestc. paris to be the largest d. paris be the largest28. whether he will agree with us doesnt_. a. make any differenceb. make any differencesc. do any differenced. do any differences世紀(jì)金榜29. -id like to see the movie very much, but i have no money with me.世紀(jì)金榜-thats ok. my _ this time.a. offer b. treat c. promise d. service紀(jì)金榜30. in our daily life, everyone fails every now and then. it is how you react that makes a _.a. development b. difference c. progress d. life31. some of you may have finished unit one. _, you can go on to unit two. a. if so b. if not c. if you see d. if you may32. nobody was hurt in the accident but _to the car _ quite bad. a. damage; was b. the damage; was c. damages; were d. the damages; were33 hes going to hospital in beijing for special_，and there they have good medical care. a. training b. curec. disease d. treatment34. the health official said _ 12 suspected cases of influenza a (h1n1) were tested negative and _, so far, this city has reported no case of the virus. a. what; that b. that; what c. 不填; that d. that; 不填35.we dont think your proposal to be_ so we cant accept it. a. quite in place b. very in placec. quite in its place d. quite in our place三、完形填空its fourteen years since i left the philippines to live with my family in the usa. a month ago, while on summer vacation back in my motherland, i learned a lesson from mosquito（蚊子）bites. right before 36 kennedy airport in new york, my grandma 37 me of the behavior of the native mosquitoes around the 38 like me. she said, theres an old sayingthe 39 you stay away from the motherland, the sweeter your blood 40 to the mosquitoes. not 41 it, i replied, grandma, thats just an old wives tale!well, less than a week 42 my arrival in manila, i was already carpeted with a 43 of mosquito bites. i took many measures to keep myself from being 44 , but they all proved useless. late one 45 in my cousins home, i couldnt bear the 46 of the bites. hoping to find some comfort, i 47 my cousin, who was sleeping peacefully in the bed next to mine. unhappy for being 48 she said, there is nothing you can do. go back to sleep. with a few turns, she slept again. enviously（妒嫉地） 49 her sleep, i hoped a big mosquito would 50 on her face. however, the mosquitoes would just lightly dance around her forehead and fly away quickly, never biting her. amazed（驚奇的）, i ran to others 51 , only to find they were all sleeping 52 as the same thing occurred again and again. from those bites, i came to 53 my grandmas silly tale. from then on, ive always tried to keep a（n） 54 mind about those strange old wives tales 55 they do have some truth to them. 36. a. leaving b. passing c. visiting d. finding37. a. persuaded b. reminded c. warned d. informed38. a. students b. friends c. passengers d. visitors39. a. earlier b. longer c. sooner d. later40. a. grows b. goes c. flows d. remains41. a. expecting b. understanding c. recognizing d. believing42. a. after b. before c. when d. as43. a. shade b. pile c. cloud d. blanket44. a. touched b. bitten c. defeated d. discovered45. a. morning b. afternoon c. evening d. night46. a. noise b. hit c. pain d. effect47. a. woke up b. shouted at c. looked for d. dropped on48. a. blamed b. interrupted c. moved d. frightened49. a. having b. watching c. making d. helping50. a. land b. fly c. fall d. wait51. a. houses b. flats c. rooms d. homes527. a. joyfully b. anxiously c. soundlessly d. worriedly53. a. tell b. know c. remember d. accept54. a. open b. active c. clear d. honest55. a. and b. so c. because d. until四、閱讀理解（山東省萊州一中2012屆高三第二次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)）aa migraine(偏頭疼)can cause disabling pain. people may not feel back to normal for hours or even days, migraines are most common among young adults and middle-aged people. in the united states, about eighteen percent of women and six percent of men percent of men report having migraines.people who suffer from migraines can find that different“triggers”(誘因)in different people may get a headache started. stress can act as a trigger. so can chocolate in some people. many migraine sufferers say hot weather and low barometric pressure(大氣壓）can act as triggers. but researchers say they did not have much scientific evidence of thatuntil now.in a new study, a team examined the medical records of seven thousand hos