高考英語閱讀理解評估檢測（34）.doc

2014高考英語閱讀理解評估檢測（34）“experience may possibly be the best teacher，but it is not a particulary good teacher.” you might think that winston churchill or perhaps mark twain spoke those words, but they actually come from james march, a professor at stanford university and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. for years march( possibly the wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act，and he continues to do so in his new book the ambiguities of experience.he begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning ：“experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.”the problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及) serious complications (復(fù)雜化)，ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which march discusses in the body of this book.in one interesting part of the book，for example, he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. in our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of the complicated truth of things. he says“the more accurately(精確地)reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story，the less realistic it is.”besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, march is also a poet, and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. though the book is short, it is demanding：dont pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.多年來，人們強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)驗型學(xué)習(xí)。而一位名叫james mark的卻說：經(jīng)驗可能是最好的老師，卻不是一個特別好的老師。通過對于經(jīng)驗型學(xué)習(xí)，本文介紹了james mark的關(guān)于經(jīng)驗的書。13according to the text, james march is _.aa poet who uses experience in his writingba teacher who teaches story writing in universityca researcher who studies the way humans think and actda professor who helps organizations make important decisions答案：c。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。從第一個段落中最后一句話里可以找到信息句，即同選項c所說的一致。14according to james march, experience _.ais overvalued bis easy to explaincshould be actively soughtdshould be highly respected答案：a推理判斷題。從文章的開頭以及文中的字里行間“the problem is.” “turn a doubtful eye on.” 以及“think deeply about experience learning”等可以推測出james 對于經(jīng)驗學(xué)習(xí)持懷疑態(tài)度，認(rèn)為人們太過于重視經(jīng)驗學(xué)習(xí)這一方式了。15what can we learn from paragraph 3?aexperience makes stories more accurate.bstories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.cthe use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.dstories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.答案：b。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。在倒數(shù)第二段中，james所說的話中“to make stories more interesting, we lose part of the complicated truth of things”就表明了故事越有趣，就越?jīng)]有真實感，同選項b所說。16whats the purpose of this text?ato introduce a book.bto describe a researcher.cto explain experiential learning.dto discuss organizational decision making.答案：a。作者意圖判斷題?？v觀全文，作者一直都在圍繞著一本書，在闡述關(guān)于本書中的內(nèi)容以及本書作者的觀點等，故選a。(2011湖北卷，e)which are you more likely to have with you at any given momentyour cellphone or your wallet? soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electronic scanner.in january，starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its stores.this is the first paybyphone practice in the us.，but were likely to see more wireless payment alternatives as something called near field communication(nfc)gets into americas consumer electronics.last december，some new smart phones which contain an nfc chip were introduced to the public.already in use in parts of asia and europe，nfc allows shoppers to wave their phones a few inches above a payment terminala contactfree system built for speed and convenience.but before nfc becomes widely adopted in the us.，a few problems need to be worked out，like who will get to collect the profitable transaction(交易)fees.although some credit card providers have been experimenting with waveandpay systems that use nfcenabled credit cards，cellphone service providers may try to muscle their way into the pointofsale (pos)market.three big cellphone service providers have formed a joint venture(合資企業(yè))that will go into operation over the next 15 months.its goal is“to lead the us. payments industry from cards to mobile phone.”the other big nfc issue，apart from how payments will be processed，is security.for instance，whats to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you? “were still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against you in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone，”says jimmy shah，a mobile security researcher，“users may also be able to set transaction limits，perhaps requiring a password to be entered for larger purchases.”still uneasy about this digitalwallet business？keep in mind that if you lose your smart phone，it can be located on a map and remotely disabled.plus，your phone can be password protected.your wallet isnt.隨著手機(jī)的普遍使用，以及手機(jī)功能的提升，如今，用手機(jī)付費購物都已經(jīng)成了現(xiàn)實。 隨著第一部能夠付費的手機(jī)的誕生，以及其配套的科技手段的支撐，付費購物手機(jī)很快便成為美國市場上的搶手貨。17what is predicted to happen in the us.?athe expansion of cellphone companies.bthe boom of paybyphone business.cthe disappearance of credit cards.dthe increase of starbucks sales.答案：b。推理判斷題。從第二個段落的第二句話，隨著第一部“用手機(jī)付費”的手機(jī)的上市，美國人會看到“more wireless payment”，可以推斷出：這種手機(jī)會迅速火起來，即如同選項b所說的“boom”。18the nfc technology can be used to_.aensure the safety of shoppersbcollect transaction fees easilycmake purchase faster and simplerdimprove the quality of cellphones答案：c。理解判斷題。根據(jù)本段中關(guān)于nfc的說法“wireless payment alternative”可以斷定：這種無限付費方式自然是極其方便的，即：快捷的購物手段。故選項c的說法是對的。19three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to_.a. strengthen their relationshipb. get a share in the payments industryc. sell more cellphonesd. test the nfc technology答案：b。理解判斷題。根據(jù)第三個段落“may try to muscle their way into the pointofsale market”以及最后一句話“its goal is.”可以找到本問題的提示，即： 為了打入這個新興行業(yè)的市場，由此可見，選項b的說法與原文的信息句非常吻合。20according to the passage，what can users do if they lose their smart phones?a. stop the functioning of their phones.b. set up a password.c. get all the money out of their phones.d. cancel large purchases.答案：a。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。從最后一段中的信息詞“remotely disabled”可以斷定選項a是正確的。c32013福建卷 byour glasses may someday replace your smartphone, and some new yorkers are ready for the switch. some in the city cant wait to try them on and use the maps and gps that the futuristic eyewear is likely to include.“id use it if i were hanging out with friends at 3 am and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open，” said walter choo, 40, of fort greene.the smartphonelike glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600, the times said, possibly including a variation of augmented(增強(qiáng)的) reality, a technology already available on smartphones and tablets (平板電腦) that overlays information onto the screen about ones surroundings. so, for example, if you were walking down a street, indicators would pop_up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.“as far as a mainstream consumer product, this just isnt something anybody needs，” said sam biddle, who writes for g. “were accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things，” he added, “and the average consumer isnt gonna be able to afford another device (裝置) thats hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”9to5google publisher seth weintraub, who has been reporting on the smartphonelike glasses since late last year, said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.“its just like smartphones 10 years ago，” weintraub said. “a few people started getting emails on their phones, and people thought that was crazy. same kind of thing. we see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones, and its unnatural，” he said. “theres gonna be improvements to that, and this a step there.” 60one of the possible functions of the smartphonelike glasses is to _aprogram the opening hours of a barbsupply you with a picture of the futurecprovide information about your surroundingsdupdate the maps and gps in your smartphones61the underlined phrase “pop up” in the third paragraph probably means “_”a. develop rapidly b. get round quicklyc. appear immediately d. go over automatically62according to sam biddle, the smartphonelike glasses are _a. necessary for teenagers b. attractive to new yorkersc. available to people worldwide d. expensive for average consumers63we can learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphonelike glasses _a. may have a potential market b. are as common as smartphonesc. are popular among young adults d. will be improved by a new technology【要點綜述】 本文是一篇新聞報道， 客觀報道了google 公司即將推出一款智能眼鏡以及人們對它的不同看法。60c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第三段“a technologythat overlays information onto the screen about ones surroundings.” 可知選項c正確。61c詞義猜測題。句意為：如果你在街上行走， 指示器將即刻顯示離你距離最近的咖啡館，所以答案應(yīng)為c。 appear immediately即刻顯示。62d細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，sam biddle 認(rèn)為一般的消費者買不起另一種價格昂貴的裝置。63a推理判斷題。文章最后兩段把這種智能眼鏡和十年前的智能手機(jī)作比較，認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的智能眼鏡就像十年前的手機(jī)一樣， 最終是會深受歡迎的，有巨大的市場潛力。c32013四川卷 clondona british judge on thursday sentenced a businessman who sold fake(假冒的) bomb detectors (探測器) to 10 years in prison, saying the man hadnt cared about potentially deadly consequences.it is believed that james mccormick got about $77. 8 million from the sales of his detectorswhich were based on a kind of golf ball finderto countries including iraq, belgium and saudi arabia.mccormick, 57, was convicted(判罪) of cheats last month and sentenced thursday at the old bailey court in london.“your cheating conduct in selling a great amount of useless equipment simply for huge profit promoted a false sense of security and in all probability materially contributed to causing death and injury to innocent people，” judge richard hone told mccormick.“you have neither regret，nor shame，nor any sense of guilt.”the detectors，sold for up to $42，000 each，were said to be able to find such dangerous objects as bombs under water and from the air. but in fact they “l(fā)acked any grounding in science” and were of no use.mccormick had told the court that he sold his detectors to the police in kenya，the prison service in hong kong，the army in egypt and the border control in thailand.“i never had any bad results from customers，”he said.39why was mccormick sentenced to prison?a. he sold bombs.b. he caused death of people.c. he made detectors.dhe cheated in business. 40according to the judge, what mccormick had done _. a. increased the cost of safeguardingb. lowered peoples guard against dangerc. changed peoples idea of social securityd. caused innocent people to commit crimes41which of the following is true of the detectors? a. they have not been sold to africa.b. they have caused many serious problems.c. they can find dangerous objects in w