機械設計專業(yè)術語.doc

金屬切削 metal cutting機床 machine tool金屬工藝學 technology of metals刀具 cutter摩擦 friction聯(lián)結 link傳動 drive/transmission軸 shaft彈性 elasticity頻率特性 frequency characteristic誤差 error響應 response定位 allocation機床夾具 jig動力學 dynamic運動學 kinematic靜力學 static分析力學 analyse mechanics拉伸 pulling壓縮 hitting剪切 shear扭轉 twist彎曲應力 bending stress強度 intensity三相交流電 three-phase AC磁路 magnetic circles變壓器 transformer異步電動機 asynchronous motor幾何形狀 geometrical精度 precision正弦形的 sinusoid交流電路 AC circuit機械加工余量 machining allowance變形力 deforming force變形 deformation應力 stress硬度 rigidity熱處理 heat treatment退火 anneal正火 normalizing脫碳 decarburization滲碳 carburization電路 circuit半導體元件 semiconductor element反饋 feedback發(fā)生器 generator直流電源 DC electrical source門電路 gate circuit邏輯代數(shù) logic algebra外圓磨削 external grinding內圓磨削 internal grinding平面磨削 plane grinding變速箱 gearbox離合器 clutch絞孔 fraising絞刀 reamer螺紋加工 thread processing螺釘 screw銑削 mill銑刀 milling cutter功率 power工件 workpiece齒輪加工 gear mechining齒輪 gear主運動 main movement主運動方向 direction of main movement進給方向 direction of feed進給運動 feed movement合成進給運動 resultant movement of feed合成切削運動 resultant movement of cutting合成切削運動方向 direction of resultant movement of cutting切削深度 cutting depth前刀面 rake face刀尖 nose of tool前角 rake angle后角 clearance angle龍門刨削 planing主軸 spindle主軸箱 headstock卡盤 chuck加工中心 machining center車刀 lathe tool車床 lathe鉆削 鏜削 bore拉孔 broaching裝配 assembling鑄造 found流體動力學 fluid dynamics流體力學 fluid mechanics加工 machining液壓 hydraulic pressure切線 tangent機電一體化 mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration氣壓 air pressure pneumatic pressure穩(wěn)定性 stability介質 medium液壓驅動泵 fluid clutch液壓泵 hydraulic pump閥門 valve失效 invalidation強度 intensity載荷 load應力 stress安全系數(shù) safty factor可靠性 reliability螺紋 thread螺旋 helix鍵 spline銷 pin滾動軸承 rolling bearing滑動軸承 sliding bearing彈簧 spring制動器 arrester brake十字結聯(lián)軸節(jié) crosshead聯(lián)軸器 coupling鏈 chain皮帶 strap精加工 finish machining粗加工 rough machining變速箱體 gearbox casing腐蝕 rust氧化 oxidation磨損 wear耐用度 durability隨機信號 random signal離散信號 discrete signal超聲傳感器 ultrasonic sensor集成電路 integrate circuit擋板 orifice plate殘余應力 residual stress套筒 sleeve扭力 torsion冷加工 cold machining電動機 electromotor汽缸 cylinder過盈配合 interference fit熱加工 hotwork攝像頭 CCD camera倒角 rounding chamfer優(yōu)化設計 optimal design工業(yè)造型設計 industrial moulding design有限元 finite element滾齒 hobbing插齒 gear shaping伺服電機 actuating motor銑床 milling machine鉆床 drill machine鏜床 boring machine步進電機 stepper motor絲杠 screw rod導軌 lead rail組件 subassembly可編程序邏輯控制器 Programmable Logic Controller PLC電火花加工 electric spark machining電火花線切割加工 electrical discharge wire - cutting相圖 phase diagram熱處理 heat treatment固態(tài)相變 solid state phase changes有色金屬 nonferrous metal陶瓷 ceramics合成纖維 synthetic fibre電化學腐蝕 electrochemical corrosion車架 automotive chassis懸架 suspension轉向器 redirector變速器 speed changer 基準 benchmark數(shù)學模型 mathematical model畫法幾何 descriptive geometry機械制圖 Mechanical drawing投影 projection視圖 view剖視圖 profile chart標準件 standard component零件圖 part drawing裝配圖 assembly drawing尺寸標注 size marking技術要求 technical requirements剛度 rigidity內力 internal force位移 displacement截面 section疲勞極限 fatigue limit斷裂 fracture塑性變形 plastic distortion脆性材料 brittleness material剛度準則 rigidity criterion墊圈 washer墊片 spacer直齒圓柱齒輪 straight toothed spur gear斜齒圓柱齒輪 helical-spur gear直齒錐齒輪 straight bevel gear運動簡圖 kinematic sketch齒輪齒條 pinion and rack蝸桿蝸輪 worm and worm gear虛約束 passive constraint曲柄 crank搖桿 racker凸輪 cams共軛曲線 conjugate curve范成法 generation method定義域 definitional domain值域 range導數(shù)微分 differential coefficient求導 derivation定積分 definite integral不定積分 indefinite integral曲率 curvature偏微分 partial differential毛坯 rough游標卡尺 slide caliper千分尺 micrometer calipers攻絲 tap二階行列式 second order determinant逆矩陣 inverse matrix線性方程組 linear equations概率 probability隨機變量 random variable排列組合 permutation and combination氣體狀態(tài)方程 equation of state of gas動能 kinetic energy勢能 potential energy機械能守恒 conservation of mechanical energy動量 momentum桁架 truss軸線 axes余子式 cofactor邏輯電路 logic circuit觸發(fā)器 flip-flop脈沖波形 pulse shape數(shù)模 digital analogy液壓傳動機構 fluid drive mechanism機械零件 mechanical parts淬火冷卻 quench淬火 hardening回火 tempering調質 hardening and tempering磨粒 abrasive grain結合劑 bonding agent砂輪 grinding wheel工程技術人員 engineer氣動夾緊 pneuma lock孔加工 spot facing machining車間 workshop板料沖壓 sheet metal parts磨床 grinder機械設計專業(yè)術語阿基米德蝸桿 Archimedes worm安全系數(shù) safety factor; factor of safety安全載荷 safe load凹面、凹度 concavity扳手 wrench板簧 flat leaf spring半圓鍵 woodruff key變形 deformation擺桿 oscillating bar擺動從動件 oscillating follower擺動從動件凸輪機構 cam with oscillating follower擺動導桿機構 oscillating guide-bar mechanism擺線齒輪 cycloidal gear擺線齒形 cycloidal tooth profile擺線運動規(guī)律 cycloidal motion擺線針輪 cycloidal-pin wheel包角 angle of contact保持架 cage背對背安裝 back-to-back arrangement背錐 back cone ； normal cone背錐角 back angle背錐距 back cone distance比例尺 scale比熱容 specific heat capacity閉式鏈 closed kinematic chain閉鏈機構 closed chain mechanism臂部 arm變頻器 frequency converters變頻調速 frequency control of motor speed變速 speed change變速齒輪 change gear ; change wheel變位齒輪 modified gear變位系數(shù) modification coefficient標準齒輪 standard gear標準直齒輪 standard spur gear表面質量系數(shù) superficial mass factor表面?zhèn)鳠嵯禂?shù) surface coefficient of heat transfer表面粗糙度 surface roughness并聯(lián)式組合 combination in parallel并聯(lián)機構 parallel mechanism并聯(lián)組合機構 parallel combined mechanism并行工程 concurrent engineering并行設計 concurred design, CD不平衡相位 phase angle of unbalance不平衡 imbalance (or unbalance)不平衡量 amount of unbalance不完全齒輪機構 intermittent gearing波發(fā)生器 wave generator波數(shù) number of waves補償 compensation參數(shù)化設計 parameterization design, PD殘余應力 residual stress操縱及控制裝置 operation control device槽輪 Geneva wheel槽輪機構 Geneva mechanism ； Maltese cross槽數(shù) Geneva numerate槽凸輪 groove cam側隙 backlash差動輪系 differential gear train差動螺旋機構 differential screw mechanism差速器 differential常用機構 conventional mechanism; mechanism in common use車床lathe承載量系數(shù) bearing capacity factor承載能力 bearing capacity成對安裝 paired mounting尺寸系列 dimension series齒槽 tooth space齒槽寬 spacewidth齒側間隙 backlash齒頂高 addendum齒頂圓 addendum circle齒根高 dedendum齒根圓 dedendum circle齒厚 tooth thickness齒距 circular pitch齒寬 face width齒廓 tooth profile齒廓曲線 tooth curve齒輪 gear齒輪變速箱 speed-changing gear boxes齒輪齒條機構 pinion and rack齒輪插刀 pinion cutter; pinion-shaped shaper cutter齒輪滾刀 hob ,hobbing cutter齒輪機構 gear齒輪輪坯 blank齒輪傳動系 pinion unit齒輪聯(lián)軸器 gear coupling齒條傳動 rack gear齒數(shù) tooth number齒數(shù)比 gear ratio齒條 rack齒條插刀 rack cutter; rack-shaped shaper cutter齒形鏈、無聲鏈 silent chain齒形系數(shù) form factor齒式棘輪機構 tooth ratchet mechanism插齒機 gear shaper重合點 coincident points重合度 contact ratio沖床 punch傳動比 transmission ratio, speed ratio傳動裝置 gearing; transmission gear傳動系統(tǒng) driven system傳動角 transmission angle傳動軸 transmission shaft串聯(lián)式組合 combination in series串聯(lián)式組合機構 series combined mechanism串級調速 cascade speed control創(chuàng)新 innovation ; creation創(chuàng)新設計 creation design垂直載荷、法向載荷 normal load唇形橡膠密封 lip rubber seal磁流體軸承 magnetic fluid bearing從動帶輪 driven pulley從動件 driven link, follower從動件平底寬度 width of flat-face從動件停歇 follower dwell從動件運動規(guī)律 follower motion從動輪 driven gear粗線 bold line粗牙螺紋 coarse thread大齒輪 gear wheel打包機 packer打滑 slipping帶傳動 belt driving帶輪 belt pulley帶式制動器 band brake單列軸承 single row bearing單向推力軸承 single-direction thrust bearing單萬向聯(lián)軸節(jié) single universal joint單位矢量 unit vector當量齒輪 equivalent spur gear; virtual gear當量齒數(shù) equivalent teeth number; virtual number of teeth當量摩擦系數(shù) equivalent coefficient of friction當量載荷 equivalent load刀具 cutter導數(shù) derivative倒角 chamfer導熱性 conduction of heat導程 lead導程角 lead angle等加等減速運動規(guī)律 parabolic motion; constant acceleration and deceleration motion等速運動規(guī)律 uniform motion; constant velocity motion等徑凸輪 conjugate yoke radial cam等寬凸輪 constant-breadth cam等效構件 equivalent link等效力 equivalent force等效力矩 equivalent moment of force等效量 equivalent等效質量 equivalent mass等效轉動慣量 equivalent moment of inertia等效動力學模型 dynamically equivalent model底座 chassis低副 lower pair點劃線 chain dotted line（疲勞）點蝕 pitting墊圈 gasket墊片密封 gasket seal碟形彈簧 belleville spring頂隙 bottom clearance定軸輪系 ordinary gear train; gear train with fixed axes動力學 dynamics動密封 kinematical seal動能 dynamic energy動力粘度 dynamic viscosity動力潤滑 dynamic lubrication動平衡 dynamic balance動平衡機 dynamic balancing machine動態(tài)特性 dynamic characteristics動態(tài)分析設計 dynamic analysis design動壓力 dynamic reaction動載荷 dynamic load端面 transverse plane端面參數(shù) transverse parameters端面齒距 transverse circular pitch端面齒廓 transverse tooth profile端面重合度 transverse contact ratio端面模數(shù) transverse module端面壓力角 transverse pressure angle鍛造 forge對稱循環(huán)應力 symmetry circulating stress對心滾子從動件 radial (or in-line ) roller follower對心直動從動件 radial (or in-line ) translating follower對心移動從動件 radial reciprocating follower對心曲柄滑塊機構 in-line slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism多列軸承 multi-row bearing多楔帶 poly V-belt多項式運動規(guī)律 polynomial motion多質量轉子 rotor with several masses惰輪 idle gear額定壽命 rating life額定載荷 load ratingII 級桿組 dyad發(fā)生線 generating line發(fā)生面 generating plane法面 normal plane法面參數(shù) normal parameters法面齒距 normal circular pitch法面模數(shù) normal module法面壓力角 normal pressure angle法向齒距 normal pitch法向齒廓 normal tooth profile法向直廓蝸桿 straight sided normal worm法向力 normal force反饋式組合 feedback combining反向運動學 inverse ( or backward) kinematics反轉法 kinematic inversion反正切 Arctan范成法 generating cutting仿形法 form cutting方案設計、概念設計 concept design, CD防振裝置 shockproof device飛輪 flywheel飛輪矩 moment of flywheel非標準齒輪 nonstandard gear非接觸式密封 non-contact seal非周期性速度波動 aperiodic speed fluctuation非圓齒輪 non-circular gear粉末合金 powder metallurgy分度線 reference line; standard pitch line分度圓 reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle分度圓柱導程角 lead angle at reference cylinder分度圓柱螺旋角 helix angle at reference cylinder分母 denominator分子 numerator分度圓錐 reference cone; standard pitch cone分析法 analytical method封閉差動輪系 planetary differential復合鉸鏈 compound hinge復合式組合 compound combining復合輪系 compound (or combined) gear train復合平帶 compound flat belt復合應力 combined stress復式螺旋機構 Compound screw mechanism復雜機構 complex mechanism桿組 Assur group干涉 interference剛度系數(shù) stiffness coefficient剛輪 rigid circular spline鋼絲軟軸 wire soft shaft剛體導引機構 body guidance mechanism剛性沖擊 rigid impulse (shock)剛性轉子 rigid rotor剛性軸承 rigid bearing剛性聯(lián)軸器 rigid coupling高度系列 height series高速帶 high speed belt高副 higher pair格拉曉夫定理 Grashoffs law根切 undercutting公稱直徑 nominal diameter高度系列 height series功 work工況系數(shù) application factor工藝設計 technological design工作循環(huán)圖 working cycle diagram工作機構 operation mechanism工作載荷 external loads工作空間 working space工作應力 working stress工作阻力 effective resistance工作阻力矩 effective resistance moment公法線 common normal line公共約束 general constraint公制齒輪 metric gears功率 power功能分析設計 function analyses design共軛齒廓 conjugate profiles共軛凸輪 conjugate cam構件 link鼓風機 blower固定構件 fixed link; frame固體潤滑劑 solid lubricant關節(jié)型操作器 jointed manipulator慣性力 inertia force慣性力矩 moment of inertia ,shaking moment慣性力平衡 balance of shaking force慣性力完全平衡 full balance of shaking force慣性力部分平衡 partial balance of shaking force慣性主矩 resultant moment of inertia慣性主失 resultant vector of inertia冠輪 crown gear廣義機構 generation mechanism廣義坐標 generalized coordinate軌跡生成 path generation軌跡發(fā)生器 path generator滾刀 hob滾道 raceway滾動體 rolling element滾動軸承 rolling bearing滾動軸承代號 rolling bearing identification code滾針 needle roller滾針軸承 needle roller bearing滾子 roller滾子軸承 roller bearing滾子半徑 radius of roller滾子從動件 roller follower滾子鏈 roller chain滾子鏈聯(lián)軸器 double roller chain coupling滾珠絲桿 ball screw滾柱式單向超越離合器 roller clutch過度切割 undercutting函數(shù)發(fā)生器 function generator函數(shù)生成 function generation含油軸承 oil bearing耗油量 oil consumption耗油量系數(shù) oil consumption factor赫茲公式 H. Hertz equation合成彎矩 resultant bending moment合力 resultant force合力矩 resultant moment of force黑箱 black box橫坐標 abscissa互換性齒輪 interchangeable gears花鍵 spline滑鍵、導鍵 feather key滑動軸承 sliding bearing滑動率 sliding ratio滑塊 slider環(huán)面蝸桿 toroid helicoids worm環(huán)形彈簧 annular spring緩沖裝置 shocks; shock-absorber灰鑄鐵 grey cast iron回程 return回轉體平衡 balance of rotors混合輪系 compound gear train積分 integrate機電一體化系統(tǒng)設計 mechanical-electrical integration system design機構 mechanism機構分析 analysis of mechanism機構平衡 balance of mechanism機構學 mechanism機構運動設計 kinematic design of mechanism機構運動簡圖 kinematic sketch of mechanism機構綜合 synthesis of mechanism機構組成 constitution of mechanism機架 frame, fixed link機架變換 kinematic inversion機器 machine機器人 robot機器人操作器 manipulator機器人學 robotics技術過程 technique process技術經濟評價 technical and economic evaluation技術系統(tǒng) technique system機械 machinery機械創(chuàng)新設計 mechanical creation design, MCD機械系統(tǒng)設計 mechanical system design, MSD機械動力分析 dynamic analysis of machinery機械動力設計 dynamic design of machinery機械動力學 dynamics of machinery機械的現(xiàn)代設計 modern machine design機械系統(tǒng) mechanical system機械利益 mechanical advantage機械平衡 balance of machinery機械手 manipulator機械設計 machine design; mechanical design機械特性 mechanical behavior機械調速 mechanical speed governors機械效率 mechanical efficiency機械原理 theory of machines and mechanisms機械運轉不均勻系數(shù) coefficient of speed fluctuation機械無級變速 mechanical stepless speed changes基礎機構 fundamental mechanism基本額定壽命 basic rating life基于實例設計 case-based design,CBD基圓 base circle基圓半徑 radius of base circle基圓齒距 base pitch基圓壓力角 pressure angle of base circle基圓柱 base cylinder基圓錐 base cone急回機構 quick-return mechanism急回特性 quick-return characteristics急回系數(shù) advance-to return-time ratio急回運動 quick-return motion棘輪 ratchet棘輪機構 ratchet mechanism棘爪 pawl極限位置 extreme (or limiting) position極位夾角 crank angle between extreme (or limiting) positions計算機輔助設計 computer aided design, CAD計算機輔助制造 computer aided manufacturing, CAM計算機集成制造系統(tǒng) computer integrated manufacturing system, CIMS計算力矩 factored moment; calculation moment計算彎矩 calculated bending moment加權系數(shù) weighting efficient加速度 acceleration加速度分析 acceleration analysis加速度曲線 acceleration diagram尖點 pointing; cusp尖底從動件 knife-edge follower間隙 backlash間歇運動機構 intermittent motion mechanism減速比 reduction ratio減速齒輪、減速裝置 reduction gear減速器 speed reducer減摩性 anti-friction quality漸開螺旋面 involute helicoid漸開線 involute漸開線齒廓 involute profile漸開線齒輪 involute gear漸開線發(fā)生線 generating line of involute漸開線方程 involute equation漸開線函數(shù) involute function漸開線蝸桿 involute worm漸開線壓力角 pressure angle of involute漸開線花鍵 involute spline簡諧運動 simple harmonic motion鍵 key鍵槽 keyway交變應力 repeated stress交變載荷 repeated fluctuating load交叉帶傳動 cross-belt drive交錯軸斜齒輪 crossed helical gears膠合 scoring角加速度 angular acceleration角速度 angular velocity角速比 angular velocity ratio角接觸球軸承 angular contact ball bearing角接觸推力軸承 angular contact thrust bearing角接觸向心軸承 angular contact radial bearing角接觸軸承 angular contact bearing鉸鏈、樞紐 hinge校正平面 correcting plane接觸應力 contact stress接觸式密封 contact seal階梯軸 multi-diameter shaft結構 structure結構設計 structural design截面 section節(jié)點 pitch point節(jié)距 circular pitch; pitch of teeth節(jié)線 pitch line節(jié)圓 pitch circle節(jié)圓齒厚 thickness on pitch circle節(jié)圓直徑 pitch diameter節(jié)圓錐 pitch cone節(jié)圓錐角 pitch cone angle解析設計 analytical design緊邊 tight-side緊固件 fastener徑節(jié) diametral pitch徑向 radial direction徑向當量動載荷 dynamic equivalent radial load徑向當量靜載荷 static equivalent radial load徑向基本額定動載荷 basic dynamic radial load rating徑向基本額定靜載荷 basic static radial load tating徑向接觸軸承 radial contact bearing徑向平面 radial plane徑向游隙 radial internal clearance徑向載荷 radial load徑向載荷系數(shù) radial load factor徑向間隙 clearance靜力 static force靜平衡 static balance靜載荷 static load靜密封 static seal局部自由度 passive degree of freedom矩陣 matrix矩形螺紋 square threaded form鋸齒形螺紋 buttress thread form矩形牙嵌式離合器 square-jaw positive-contact clutch絕對尺寸系數(shù) absolute dimensional factor絕對運動 absolute motion絕對速度 absolute velocity均衡裝置 load balancing mechanism抗壓強度 compression strength開口傳動 open-belt drive開式鏈 open kinematic chain開鏈機構 open chain mechanism可靠度 degree of reliability可靠性 reliability可靠性設計 reliability design, RD空氣彈簧 air spring空間機構 spatial mechanism空間連桿機構 spatial linkage空間凸輪機構 spatial cam空間運動副 spatial kinematic pair空間運動鏈 spatial kinematic chain空轉 idle寬度系列 width series框圖 block diagram雷諾方程 Reynoldss equation離心力 centrifugal force離心應力 centrifugal stress離合器 clutch離心密封 centrifugal seal理論廓線 pitch curve理論嚙合線 theoretical line of action隸屬度 membership力 force力多邊形 force pol