初中情態(tài)動詞教案.doc

龍文教育一對一個性化輔導教案 學生潘俊星學校鹽步中學年級八年級次數(shù)第 7 次科目英語教師萬智華日期1月17日時段15:30-17:30課題 情態(tài)動詞教學重點 掌握情態(tài)動詞的概念教學難點 掌握情態(tài)動詞重點句型的問答教學目標 能夠靈活運情態(tài)動詞教學步驟及教學內(nèi)容1、 課前熱身 從句的復習 2、 內(nèi)容講解： 知識點1、 情態(tài)動詞的概念知識點2、 情態(tài)動詞的用法 三、課堂總結與反思： 四、作業(yè)布置：管理人員簽字： 日期： 年 月 日作業(yè)布置1、學生上次作業(yè)評價： 好 較好 一般 差 備注：2、本次課后作業(yè)：課堂小結 家長簽名 ： 日期： 年 月 日 情態(tài)動詞 1、 課前熱身： 2、 內(nèi)容講解： 知識點一 、 【情態(tài)動詞】 又叫情態(tài)助動詞。它們具有以下特點： 它們必須與其他動詞連用，即：情態(tài)動詞動詞原形表示說話人對所述動作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或懷疑等。 絕大多數(shù)情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，即第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s（以be和have 開頭的情態(tài)動詞短語除外）。 在意義上，情態(tài)動詞具有“多義性”。例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允許等意義。知識點二、【情態(tài)動詞的基本用法】1. can的基本用法： 表示體力或智力上的能力，即“能夠，會”，可與be able to轉換。例：He can speak English. = He is able to speak English. Can you play basketball? No, I cant. 如果表示將來具備的能力，要用will be able to。例：If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem. 表示許可，主要用于口語，書面語一般用may。例：Can we go home now, please? No, you cant. You can only smoke in this room. You cant keep the library books for more than a month. 表示“可能”，與may同義，但一般用在疑問句中。例：What can he possibly want? 在否定句中，否定形式cant表示推測“不大可能”。例：Anybody can make mistakes. The news cant be true. 與第一、二人稱連用時，還可以就可能的解決問題的方式或可能的行為提出建議。在這里，也可用could使語氣婉轉。例：Can / Could we meet again next week? 下周我們可以再見面嗎？What shall we do? 我們怎么辦呢？ We can / could try asking Lucy for help.我們可以請露茜幫忙試試看。You can / could help me with the cooking. 你可以幫我做飯。2. may的基本用法: 表示“許可”，用can比較口語化。例：You may / can come if you wish. 如果你想來，你就來。You may not pick flowers in this park. 本公園內(nèi)不許摘花。（may not表示按規(guī)定不許可，如果用mustnt則表示說話人不許可。）May I smoke here? 我可以在這里抽煙嗎？No, you mustnt.不行。（mustnt表示明確的禁止。） 肯定句中表示推測，“可能”。例：It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能會下雨。The news may not be true. 這個消息可能不會是真的。注意：如果在疑問句中表示“可能”，通常用can。例：Can it be true? 那會是真的嗎？Who can he be? 他究竟是誰呢？ 【注意】：May I/we？Yes, you may./No, you mustnt.3. must的基本用法: 表示必須，強調(diào)說話人的主觀意志。例：I must go now, or Ill be late. You must be here by ten oclock. 【注意】：表示“必須“時，must的否定式為neednt ，或dont have to ,而不是mustnt。也就是：Must I/we do it now？Yes, you must . No, you neednt /dont have to .例：Must I go with them?No, you . 表示推測，一般只用于肯定陳述句,表示非?？隙?。例：She didnt look at me. She must be angry. 她不朝我看，一定是生氣了。He is good at English. He must know the word. 他英語好，準知道這個詞。You must be Mr. Jones. 想必您就是瓊斯先生吧。4. have to的基本用法：have to可視為情態(tài)動詞，但它與其他情態(tài)動詞在用法上稍有不同。其他情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，而have to卻有人稱和數(shù)的變化，要視主語的不同而變化。例：I / You / We / They have to. He / She / It has to. You dont have to.Does she have to?have to =have got to，意思是“必須，不得不”。和must不同之處：must強調(diào)主觀需要have to強調(diào)客觀需要。例：Sorry, I have to leave now. 對不起，現(xiàn)在我得走了。Ive got to go to a meeting. 我得去參加一個會議。Will he have to work deep into the night? 他將不得不工作到深夜嗎？5. need的基本用法：need的基本詞義是“需要”，它既可作情態(tài)動詞，又可作實義動詞。 need用作情態(tài)動詞時，只用于否定句和疑問句。它只有一種形式，后接動詞原形。例：I dont believe you need worry. 我相信你沒有必要焦急。Need we go so soon?我們需要這么早就去嗎？ Yes, we must. / No, we neednt.是的，必須。不，不必。So I neednt tell him, need I? 所以我不需要告訴他，對吧？請比較以下兩句話的不同意思：You neednt buy the coat. 你沒有必要買那件外衣。（你還沒買）You neednt have bought the coat. 你沒有必要買這件外衣的。（而你卻買了）【注意】：Need I/we？Yes，you must ./No, you neednt / dont have to . need用作實義動詞時，有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。如果人作主語，一般后接帶to的動詞不定式。即need to do sth；如果物作主語，一般后用need to be done 或need doing sth。例如：I need to look up this word in the dictionary. My watch needs mending/to be mended. 我的手表需要修理了。We dont need to work today. (= We neednt work today.) Does he need to go right now? (= Need he go right now?) 6. had better的基本用法：had better常略作d better。現(xiàn)代語法認為它是一個助動詞，因為它后接不帶to的動詞不定式。had better do sth意思是“最好做某事；還是做某事比較好”。例：Youd better get some sleep. 你最好睡一會兒。Youd better not do that again. 你最好別再做那件事。What had we better do now? 我們現(xiàn)在怎么做才好呢？Hadnt we better tell her the truth? 我們是否最好不告訴她真相?【注意】：Youd better.表示勸告或委婉的命令，對長輩不宜使用。7.could, should, would, might表示推測：. must多用于肯定句中表示把握性極大的推測,意思為“一定、肯定”。如: You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你已辛苦工作一整天了,一定累了。The book must be his. His name is on the cover. 這本書一定是他的,封面上寫著他的名字?！咀⒁狻?must不表推測時,在肯定句中意思為“必須(強調(diào)內(nèi)在的職責)”,在否定句中意思為“不許、禁止”,以它開頭的疑問句否定回答常用neednt或dont (doesnt) have to。如:We must obey the traffic rules. 我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。Cars mustnt be parked here. 此處嚴禁停車。Must we hand in the papers this week? 我們必須本星期交論文嗎?No, you neednt. 不,你們不必(本星期交)。 . can / could多用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中表示推測、懷疑,兩者在時間上沒有差別。用can時不相信的程度更強一些, cant常常譯為“不可能”。如:The man under the tree cant be Tom. Hes gone to England. 這個人不可能是Tom,他已經(jīng)去英國了。Can it be true that he was fooled by a five-year-old boy? 他被一個五歲的孩子愚弄了,這能是真的嗎?Could this be an excuse? 這會不會是個借口?How can you be so careless! 你怎么這樣粗心!.may / might多用來表示把握性不大的推測,意思為“也許、可能”, might比may的把握性更小一些。may not在否定句中常常譯為“可能不”。(注意區(qū)分“不可能”與“可能不”在把握性大小上的差異。)如:Mr. Wang may know Professor Lis telephone number.王先生也許知道李教授的電話號碼。This might be the key Tom has been looking for.這可能就是湯姆一直在找的鑰匙。She may not be there today. 今天她可能不在那兒。三、課堂小結四、作業(yè)布置一、 典型例題 【中考鏈接】（ ）1Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li? No, it _ be him. Mr. Li is much taller.A. mustnt B. may no C. cant D. neednt（ ）2Must I go with them tomorrow？ No，you _. A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. neednt D. cant（ ）3_ I take some photos in the hall? No, you _.A. Can, neednt B. Must, mustnt C. Could, wont D. May, mustnt（ ）4Dad, must I finish my homework today?No, you _. You may do it tomorrow.A. neednt B. mustnt C. dont D. wont（ ）5The lake is said to be dry. Is that true? It _.Look, some kids are swimming in it.A. must be true B. cant be true C. may not be true（ ）6What is your mother going to do this Saturday? Im not sure. She _ go to see my grandmother. A. canB. mustC. may（ ）7Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.It _ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.A. must B. might C. cant D. shouldnt （ ）8Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall?No, it be him. He has gone to Japan.A. needntB. may not C. mustnt D. cant（ ）9Lets go to the West Hill Park by taxi.Oh, it is not far away from here. We _take a taxi.A. couldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. cant（ ）10Can you play the piano?Yes, I _. I often practice it on weekends.A. neednt B. need C. cant D. can 三、課后練習 一、用can, may, must, need, have to, had better的適當形式填空：1.You _ return the library book on time.2.I _ (not) find the way to the hospital. _ you show me the way?3._ I finish the work right now? No, you _ (not). You _ do it later.4.He said he _ (not) come tonight.5.Her mother was ill. She _ stay at home and look after her.6.Its time for class. You _ stop playing football or you _be latefor class.7.We _ start right now, or they would get there first.8.The cloud is lifting, so it _ (not) be a rainy day tomorrow.二、選擇填空（ ）1.Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?Yes, you _.A. must B. can C. may D. need（ ）2. Must I be in hospital for a week， Doctor? No， you . You can go back home tomorrow. A. mustnt B. neednt C. must （ ）3. The desk is not dirty. You _clean it.A. mustntB. shouldntC. neednt C. cant（ ）4. May I watch TV for a while？No, you _. You have to finish your homework first. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont（ ）5.Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening? No, it _be her. She_ to Japan.A. mustnt; has gone B. mustnt ;has been C. cant ;has gone D. cant ;has been（ ）6. Its the library! So you_ know shouting is not allowed here.A. canB. mustC. needD. may（ ）7. Boys and girls, dont forget your report . It _ today. A. cant finish B. cant be finished C. should finish D. should be finished（ ）8.Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning. No, he _ ,because he didnt know my address.A. couldntB. cantC. mustntD. may not（ ）9. Must I mop up the window now? No, you_.A. needntB. cantC. shouldntD. mustnt（ ）10. Is Lucy knocking at the door?No. It _ be Lucy. She is in Japan now.A. neednt B. must C. cant（ ）11. Another cup of coffee?No, thanks. I _ be off. Mary is waiting for me.A. can B. may C. must D. might（ ）12. Im a little tired. Lets go to the zoo by taxi.We take a taxi. Its not far from here. A. cant B. mustnt C. couldnt D. neednt（ ）13. If the traffic light is red, you _ cross the road. Its very