新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)(第二版)綜合課程2 unit1課文翻譯和課后答案.doc

陌生人的善意邁克麥金太爾一年夏天，我從家鄉(xiāng)加利福尼亞州的塔霍城開(kāi)車前往新奧爾良。在沙漠深處，我碰到一個(gè)年輕人站在路旁。他一只手打出拇指向外的手勢(shì)，另一只手里拿著一個(gè)汽油罐。我直接從他身邊開(kāi)過(guò)去了。別人會(huì)停下來(lái)的，我想。再說(shuō)，那汽油罐只是個(gè)讓車停下、好搶劫司機(jī)的幌子而已。在這個(gè)國(guó)家，曾有那么一段時(shí)間，你要是對(duì)需要幫助的人置之不理，大家會(huì)認(rèn)為你是混蛋，而如今你要是幫了你就是笨蛋。到處潛伏著犯罪團(tuán)伙、吸毒上癮者、殺人犯、強(qiáng)奸犯、盜竊犯還有劫車犯，為什么要冒險(xiǎn)呢？“我不想卷進(jìn)去”已經(jīng)成為全國(guó)性的信條。2 開(kāi)過(guò)了幾個(gè)州以后，我還在想著那個(gè)想搭便車的人。把他一個(gè)人留在沙漠中倒并沒(méi)有讓我有多么不安。讓我不安的是，我多么輕易地就做出了這個(gè)決定。我甚至根本沒(méi)把腳從油門上抬起來(lái)。我很想知道，現(xiàn)在還有人會(huì)停車嗎？3 我想到我此行的目的地 新奧爾良。那里是田納西威廉姆斯的劇作欲望號(hào)街車的背景地。我回想起布蘭奇杜波依斯的名句：“我總是依賴陌生人的善意。”4 陌生人的善意。聽(tīng)起來(lái)好怪。如今這年頭還有誰(shuí)能指望陌生人的善意嗎？5 要驗(yàn)證這一點(diǎn)，一個(gè)辦法是一個(gè)人從東海岸旅行到西海岸，不帶一分錢，完全依靠美國(guó)同胞的善意。他會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)什么樣的美國(guó)？誰(shuí)會(huì)給他飯吃、讓他歇腳、捎他一程呢？6 這個(gè)念頭激起了我的好奇心。但誰(shuí)會(huì)這么不切實(shí)際、愿意去嘗試這樣一次旅行呢？好吧，我想，那不如我來(lái)試試？ 7 滿37歲那個(gè)星期，我意識(shí)到我這輩子還從沒(méi)冒過(guò)什么險(xiǎn)呢。所以我決定來(lái)個(gè)觀念的跨越，美洲大陸那么寬 從太平洋去大西洋，不帶一分錢。要是有人給我錢，我會(huì)拒絕。我只接受搭順風(fēng)車、提供食物和讓我歇腳的幫助。這將是穿越這片金錢至上的土地上一次無(wú)錢的旅行。我的最終目的地是北卡羅來(lái)納州的“恐懼角”（即開(kāi)普菲爾），它象征著我沿途必須克服的所有恐懼。8 1994年9月6日，我早早起床，背起一個(gè)50磅重的包，朝金門橋走去。我從背包里拿出一個(gè)牌子，向過(guò)路的車輛展示我的目的地：“美利堅(jiān)”。 9 司機(jī)們隔著擋風(fēng)玻璃念出這個(gè)詞，然后笑了。兩個(gè)女人騎自行車經(jīng)過(guò)。“有點(diǎn)含混，”其中一個(gè)說(shuō)。一名帶有德國(guó)口音的年輕男士走上前來(lái)問(wèn)，“你這個(gè)美利堅(jiān)在哪兒？”10 實(shí)際上，整整六個(gè)星期的時(shí)間里我試圖找出答案。我搭了82次便車，行程4,223英里，穿越了14個(gè)州。在旅途中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)其他人跟我一樣有擔(dān)心。人們總是在警告我當(dāng)心別的某個(gè)地方。在蒙大拿州，他們叫我留神懷俄明州的牛仔，而在內(nèi)布拉斯加州，人們提醒我說(shuō)艾奧瓦州的人可不如他們友好。11 然而，在我所去的每個(gè)州，我都受到了友善的對(duì)待。我詫異于美國(guó)人執(zhí)意幫助陌生人的能力，甚至于在看來(lái)與自己的最大利益相沖突時(shí)他們也絕不袖手旁觀。有一天，在內(nèi)布拉斯加，一輛四門小轎車在路肩停下。我走到車窗邊，看到兩位穿著節(jié)日盛裝的瘦小老婦人。12 “我知道這年頭不該帶搭便車的，但這里前不著村后不著店的，不停車感覺(jué)真不好?！弊苑Q“維”的司機(jī)說(shuō)。她和姐姐海倫是去內(nèi)布拉斯加的安斯沃思看眼疾的。13 她們?yōu)槲彝Ａ塑嚕叶疾恢朗窃撚H吻她們呢還是該責(zé)備她們。這個(gè)女人是在告訴我，她寧肯冒生命危險(xiǎn)也不愿意因?yàn)闆](méi)為一個(gè)站在路邊的陌生人停車而感到內(nèi)疚。她們?cè)谝粋€(gè)高速路口把我放下時(shí)，我望著維。我們倆異口同聲地說(shuō)，“小心?！?4 有一次我在雨中沒(méi)能搭上便車。一名長(zhǎng)途卡車司機(jī)停了車，他把剎車踩得那么重，車子都在草地路肩上滑行了一段。司機(jī)告訴我他有一次被搭便車的人持刀搶劫了。“但我不愿意看到有人在雨里站著。”他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，“現(xiàn)在大家都沒(méi)有良心了?！?5 然而，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，總體而言，人們還是挺有同情心的。艾奧瓦州一對(duì)中年夫婦為了幫我找宿營(yíng)地領(lǐng)著我走了一個(gè)小時(shí)。在南達(dá)科他州，一個(gè)女人讓我在她家住了一晚之后遞給我兩張貼了郵票的明信片：一張是讓她知道我這趟旅行結(jié)果如何；另一張是要第二天寄出的，告訴她我在哪里，免得她為我擔(dān)心。16 聽(tīng)說(shuō)我沒(méi)錢，又不愿意接受錢，每個(gè)州的人們都會(huì)給我買食物或者和我分享他們剛好帶著的東西。在加州的尤凱亞，一位國(guó)家公園管理員給了我一些胡蘿卜，一名大學(xué)生給了我?guī)状袡C(jī)西紅柿和甜瓜。衣阿華的一名婦女給了我兩大包全麥餅干，兩罐果汁汽水、兩聽(tīng)金槍魚罐頭、兩個(gè)蘋果和兩塊雞肉。 17 擁有最少的人往往給予得最多。在俄勒岡一個(gè)叫邁克的房屋油漆工注意到天氣十分寒冷，就問(wèn)我有沒(méi)有外套。我回答說(shuō)“有件薄的”，他開(kāi)車帶我去他家，翻遍了車庫(kù)，遞給我一件肥大的綠色軍用夾克。18 在俄勒岡的另一個(gè)地方，一個(gè)叫蒂姆的鋸木廠工人邀請(qǐng)我去他們破舊的家里和他家人一起吃了頓簡(jiǎn)單的晚餐。他給了我一本圣經(jīng)，然后又要把家里的帳篷給我。我拒絕了，因?yàn)槲抑滥菢O有可能是這家人最值錢的一樣?xùn)|西了。然而蒂姆執(zhí)意讓我接受，所以最后我只好同意。 19 我感激我遇到的所有人，感謝他們讓我搭車，給我食物，給我提供住處，送我禮物。但最友善的舉動(dòng)是，他們是那么自然真誠(chéng)。20 有一天，我走進(jìn)了田納西州的詹姆斯敦一家當(dāng)?shù)厣虝?huì)。在這座古老建筑里一個(gè)男人從他凌亂的桌子旁站起身?！罢?qǐng)進(jìn)，”59歲的巴克斯特威爾遜說(shuō)。他是那兒的執(zhí)行會(huì)長(zhǎng)。21 我向他打聽(tīng)在當(dāng)?shù)芈稜I(yíng)的事。他遞給我一本當(dāng)?shù)芈稜I(yíng)地的小冊(cè)子?！靶枰?guī)湍愦螂娫拞幔俊彼麊?wèn)。 22 我一看露營(yíng)得花12美元，就回答，“不用了，沒(méi)事。我也不知道我該怎么做。”23 這時(shí)他看見(jiàn)了我的背包。“這里差不多每個(gè)人都會(huì)讓你在他們的地里支帳篷的，如果那是你所想要的話?！彼f(shuō)。24 這話就對(duì)了，我想。“有沒(méi)具體的方位？”我問(wèn)。25 “跟你說(shuō)吧，我有個(gè)大農(nóng)場(chǎng)，在從這兒往南大概10英里。要是你五點(diǎn)半能在這兒，我可以開(kāi)車帶你去?！?26 我接受了，于是我們開(kāi)車去了一幢華麗的鄉(xiāng)村住宅。突然，我意識(shí)到他是邀請(qǐng)了我到他家過(guò)夜。27 我們走進(jìn)廚房時(shí)，他的妻子卡蘿爾正在燉牛肉塊。她是一名七年級(jí)的科學(xué)老師，簡(jiǎn)直就是南方魅力的化身。28 巴克斯特解釋說(shuō)，當(dāng)?shù)厝耸恰安粣?ài)外出的山里人”，他覺(jué)得自己也是這么一個(gè)人?！拔覀兒苌僭诩依镎写腿?，”他說(shuō)，“招待的話，一般是親戚。”他的這番透露讓我那一夜變得更加不同尋常。 29 第二天我下樓時(shí)，卡蘿爾問(wèn)我愿不愿意去學(xué)校跟她班上的孩子們談?wù)勎业穆眯?。我告訴她我可不想慫恿一幫七年級(jí)的孩子去搭便車游遍美國(guó)，但卡蘿爾說(shuō)孩子們應(yīng)該接觸到外面的世界是什么樣子 包括好的一面和壞的一面?！八麄冃枰私庹嫦?，”她說(shuō)。30 我同意了。沒(méi)過(guò)多久，我就被安排給學(xué)校每個(gè)班講話。所有的孩子都彬彬有禮而且聚精會(huì)神。他們的問(wèn)題不斷冒出來(lái)：哪兒的人們最友善？我穿壞過(guò)多少雙鞋？有沒(méi)有人試圖軋死我？別的地方的豬腳也有這么好嗎？我有沒(méi)有愛(ài)上過(guò)誰(shuí)？我最害怕的是什么？ 31 盡管我并沒(méi)有打算這么做，我發(fā)現(xiàn)愛(ài)國(guó)主義的語(yǔ)調(diào)貫穿了那天下午的講話。我告訴學(xué)生們，我對(duì)美利堅(jiān)的信念如何被重新重新點(diǎn)燃。我告訴他們，生活在一個(gè)人們?nèi)匀辉敢鈳椭吧说膰?guó)度里，我有多么自豪。我告訴他們，我當(dāng)初計(jì)劃這次旅行時(shí)腦子里的問(wèn)題已經(jīng)得到明確的解答。的確，不管你是誰(shuí)，你仍然可以依賴陌生人的善意。 Unit One Living in HarmonyEnhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action Working with Words and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:1) bunch2) amazed3) shift4) bundle5) drop6) capacity 7) participating8) style9) commerce10) rob11) symbol12) appreciated13) displayed14) slip15) conquer16) roast17) figured 2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. Answers: 1) in rich contrast to 2) are exposed to3) risked his life4) rely on5) at knife-point6) stands out7) runs contrary to8) flag down 9) picks/picked up10) took a gamble on11) pulled away12) pulled over Increasing Your Word Power 1. CollocationsLook at the adverbs listed in the box below, and decide which adverb is needed to collocate with the verb in each sentence. Fill the correct adverb into the blank in the sentence. The same word may be used in more than one sentence. Consult a dictionary if necessary. Answers: 1) out 2) over 3) back 4) down 5) over 6) up 7) out 8) back 9) down 10) out 11) up 12) over 13) back 14) out 15) down 16) over 2. Study the different meanings of the word “than” in the following sentences. Answers for Reference:1) Action speaks louder than words. 2) Production here needs temperatures lower than 25 degrees Celsius.3) I like to keep things rather than throw them away. 4) There is nobody here other than me. 5) Shed rather leave her job than (be forced to) work for that boss. 3. Word BuildingNow choose the Chinese meaning from Column B that matches each italicized word in Column A. You may consult a dictionary if necessary. Answers:1) d. 2) k 3) n 4) j 5) a 6) g 7) f 8) b 9) o 10) m 11) p 12) e 13) c 14) h 15) i 16) l Grammar in Context 1. The ing form and the infinitive form of the verb Task: Choose either the infinitive form or the ing form of the verb in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences. Answers:1) preparing2) to thank3) repairing / to be repaired4) to get5) studying6) being treated7) missing8) to reduce9) to leave10) worrying 2. The ed form and the ing form of the verb Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the ed form and ing form of the verb. Reflect on its grammatical function in each sentence.Task：Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, paying attention to the use of the -ing form and the -ed form of verbs. Answers:1) kept nodding, rather confused 2) Fallen leaves 3) surprised, hiding4) Deeply moved 5) following 6) Being, interested7) located 8) reading Cloze Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:1) relying 2) intrigued 3) penny 4) for 5) covered 6) treated 7) amazed 8) contrary 9) generally 10) whatever 11) invited 12) attentive 13) where Translation Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets. Answers for Reference: 1) The rumor about his divorce is just a ploy to gain publicity for his new film.2) He took a gamble on starting a factory with all the money his parents had left him.3) After winning the important game they hoisted their captain to their shoulders in shouting triumph.4) In the rush to go for globalization, we should watch out for collision of cultures.5) In the circumstances it was not surprising that there was trouble. 6) The baby is the very picture of health.7) People have realized the dangers of exposing children to violence and sex on TV.8) We always had in mind for whom we were making the film. Theme-Related Writing Choose one of the following writing tasks and complete it after class.1) Write an essay (of about 250 words) about a memorable experience in which you helped a stranger or were helped by him or her.2) Write an essay (of about 150 words) about human relationships in our society. The following hints might serve as a guide:a. The problems existing in the relationships between people in our society.b. The negative results such problems may bring about to our society.c. What can you do to help establish a harmonious society as a student? Sample Essay for Task 1: One weekend morning, while walking on a bustling street with a light heart, I was suddenly overtaken by a startling moan. Turning around, I discovered the sound was coming from a black mass in a corner. “Whats that?” My heart pounded heavily. I went up and saw a human being, alive but in a dreadful state. He was crouching on the ground with deformed hands and legs, mumbling something. He had obviously lost the normal ability to move and work. A dirty plate was placed in front the miserable-looking man, in which there were some coins and small notes. As my eyes were drifting away from him, his eyes caught mine suddenly. What eyes they were! Filled with misery and expectation, they were looking straight at me. He was unable to speak, but I seemed to hear his pleading voice and read his despairing mind. His look seemed to be telling me about his hard life and his longing for help. For a while, I was at a loss what to do. Should I drop some coins in the plate like some other passers-by or turn away in indifference? I recalled news reports about men pretending to be beggars, who were actually healthy and able to work. Could this be another one of those scams? But the beggar was there, groaning and living. Then something seemed to hit me hard. I drew a five-yuan note from my pocket, dropped it in his dirty plate