小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題2.doc

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題1、 名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹 【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ dont( doesnt ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How does your father go to work?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專(zhuān)練:（一）、 寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_（二）、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.（三）、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答)_ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_8. John comes from Canada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_9. She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句)_（四）、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上)1. Isyour brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞 + be + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞ing? 但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問(wèn)詞 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))_4Tom is reading books in his study . (對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))四、將來(lái)時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1. 問(wèn)人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2.問(wèn)干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she goingto bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 練習(xí)：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？