新概念2 第69課 課件.ppt

Review 堅(jiān)持的兩種用法 persistindoingsth insiston upondoingsth沒人能避免犯錯 Noonecanavoidmakingmistakes 不懂裝懂就會鬧笑話 Ifyoupretendtoknowwhatyoudon tknow you llonlymakeafoolofyourself 阻止做某事的表達(dá)法 stopsb from doing preventsb from doing或keepsbfromdoing 你介意把窗戶打開嗎 Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow 你介意我把窗戶打開嗎 Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow 無論你是誰 都必須遵守規(guī)則 Nomatterwhoyouare youmustobeytherules 無論他學(xué)習(xí)多么努力 總不能通過考試 Nomatterhowhardhestudies hefindsitdifficulttopasstheexam 動名詞的用法 接lesson68 practice 根據(jù)所給漢語 按正確形式填空 He 堅(jiān)持 thathedothatworkalone TheteachertellsusthatlearningEnglishmustbe 堅(jiān)持的 Shetriedto 逃避 answeringmyquestions Shewasn treallycrying shewasonly 假裝 Whatcanwedoto 阻止 thediseasespreading insists persistent avoid pretending prevent Freetalk Haveyouseenthecriminalspot 1 Ifyouseethethiefstealsothers whatwillyoudo 2 Whenyounoticetheburglarbreakintoyourhouse Whatkindsofmeasuresyouwilltake murder mournful suppose v 假設(shè) n 謀殺 adj 悲哀的 tap examiner instruct n 主考人 v 輕敲 v 命令 指示 brake pedal react n 剎車 n 踏板 v 反應(yīng) acquire confidence v 取得 獲得 n 信心 Let sreviewthewords 根據(jù)所給的漢語意思寫出單詞 并用其正確形式填空 1 Theteacheroften 指導(dǎo) 指示 ushowtoworkoutmathsproblems 2 Shehasgreat 自信 inhersuccess 3 謀殺 isaterriblecrime 4 Thatgirl 輕敲 herfingersonthedeskimpatiently 5 考官 Tellmeaboutyourfamily 6 The 剎車 doesn tworkwell 7 A 悲哀的 voicesings Arewestillmarried 8 Letmeseeyourdriving 執(zhí)照 Questionsonthetest Whendidtheauthorbegintoacquireconfidenceandwhy Whatwasthelastthingtheauthorwasaskedtodobytheexaminer Didtheauthorgetthedrivinglicenceintheend Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Ibegantoacquireconfidence SurethatIhadpassed Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance forhesmiledandsaid Justonemorething Mr Eames Letussupposethatachildsuddenlycrossestheroadinfrontofyou AssoonasItaponthewindow youmuststopwithinfivefeet Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime theexaminertappedloudly Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly ittookmealongtimetoreact Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalandwewereboththrownforward Theexaminerlookedatmesadly Mr Eames hesaid inamournfulvoice youhavejustkilledthatchild Newwordsandexpressions murder m d n 謀殺instruct in str kt v 命令 指示acquire kwai v 取得 獲得confidence k nfid ns n 信心examiner ig z min n 主考人suppose s p uz v 假設(shè)tap t p v 輕敲react ri kt v 反應(yīng)brake breik n 剎車pedal pedl n 踏板mournful m nf l adj 悲哀的 Words phrases單詞與詞組 drivinglicence駕照heavytraffic擁擠的交通inamournfulvoice用 的聲調(diào)bepleasedwith對 滿意within5feet在5英尺之內(nèi)crosstheroad過馬路brakepedal剎車板outoftown城外 murder1 n beguiltyofmurder犯謀殺罪murderwillout紙包不住火homicide h misaid 殺人 犯 manslaughter m nsl t r 過失殺人massacre m s k 大屠殺assassinate s sineit 暗殺poison毒殺suffocate s f keit 窒息而死hang絞死2 v murderermurderess instruct1 v 指導(dǎo) 向 下命令tell日常用語 運(yùn)用廣泛 語氣不強(qiáng)order語氣較強(qiáng) 有權(quán)威者用來指示別人服從instruct direct用于客觀 公事場合 對需要采取的行動準(zhǔn)確說明command用于軍事場合Theofficercommandedhismentofire 2 v 教授 傳授instructsb ininstructor教員 教練 指導(dǎo)員instruction C 命令 指示 U 傳授 指導(dǎo) acquire1 靠努力或行為 獲得gain獲得自信acquireconfidence2 學(xué)得 養(yǎng)成 習(xí)慣 養(yǎng)成抽煙的習(xí)慣acquireahabitofsmokingacquisition kwi zi n n 獲得 所獲之物 收購 confidencen have loseconfidenceinsb sth 他充滿信心地回答問題Heansweredthequestionswithconfidence IhaveeveryconfidencethatIcanmanageitbefullofconfidence充滿信心confidentadj 有信心的 有把握的confidentofsth confidentthat我肯定你能得到那份工作I mconfidentthatyou llgetthejob 他確信會達(dá)到目標(biāo)Hewasconfidentofachievinghisaim examinev 1 調(diào)查 檢查 研討我們的行李在機(jī)場進(jìn)行了安檢Wehadoursuitcasesexaminedattheairport 2 測驗(yàn)IexaminedthestudentsinEnglishonthepreviouslessons 3 診察 看病 examiner主考人examinee被考人 suppose1 假設(shè)假設(shè)你是總經(jīng)理 在那種情況下你會怎么做Supposethatyou rethegeneralmanager whatwillyoudoonthatoccasion 2 認(rèn)為think expectbesupposedto理應(yīng) 應(yīng)該他應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)時在那Heissupposedtobethereontime tap 1 v knockgentlytapat onsth tapsb ontheshoulder2 n 敲擊聲 水龍頭turnon offtaptapwater自來水mineral water礦泉水 react1 reacttosb sth當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駥@一消息表示憤怒Localresidentshavereactedangrilytothenews 我花了很長時間才反應(yīng)過來Ittookmealongtimetoreact Themarketreactedbyfallingafurthertwopoints 股市的反應(yīng)是再下跌兩個百分點(diǎn)2 化學(xué)反應(yīng)reactant化學(xué)反應(yīng)物nuclearreactor核反應(yīng)堆 brake1 n 剎車putonthebrakes踩剎車2 v Thedriverbrakedhardasthedogranontotheroad Shehadtobrakehardtoavoidrunningintothecarinfront 她不得不猛踩剎車 以免撞上前面的車 pedal1 n 踏板abrakepedal剎車踏板Shepressedherfootdownsharplyonthebrakepedal 她猛踩剎車踏板 2 v 踩踏板 騎pedalabicycle騎自行車Aboypedaledawayonhisbicycle mournfuladj 悲慟的 令人惋惜的 悲哀的Therewasamournfullookonherface Hesaidinamournfulvoice mournv 感到悲痛mournfor oversb sth 人民哀悼他們被殺害的領(lǐng)袖Thepeoplemournedfortheirslainleader 她為她獨(dú)生子的死而哀痛Shemournedoverthedeathofheronlyson mourner哀悼者 Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime 駕駛執(zhí)照 課文解析 Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully heavy adj 重的 陰沉的 大量的 密集的 Heputdowntheheavysuitcasebythedoor Hehadaheavy sullenface Ifeltsofullaftertheheavymeal Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Ibegantoacquireconfidence become AfterIhadbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Ibegantobecomeconfidence Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance forhesmiledandsaid Justonemorething Mr Eames 表示對過去事物的猜測musthavedonesth bepleasedwith 對 滿意 Hewaspleasedwithmyprogress Sheseemedverypleasedthathehadcome I msopleasedtohaveseeyouagain Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime theexaminertappedloudly Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly ittookmealongtimetoreact Samdidn treactinanyway Iwonderedhowhe dreacttosuchadifficultquestion Theexaminerlookedatmesadly Mr Eames hesaid inamournfulvoice youhavejustkilledthatchild ina voice 以一個 的聲調(diào) inahappyvoice 開心的說inasorrowvoice 難過的說inaexcitedvoice 激動的說inacrazyvoice 瘋狂的說 每句賞析 SurethatIhadpassed Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest Sure 省略結(jié)構(gòu) 完整的形式應(yīng)該是 Beingsure 在文中作狀語表示原因 almostbeginningtoenjoy 作者信心的再次提升 考試對他來說幾乎成了一種消遣 Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance forhesmiledandsaid Justonemorething Mr Eames musthave 對當(dāng)時情況的推測 很有把握 for 從句點(diǎn)明作者作出推測的依據(jù) Letussupposethatachildsuddenlycrossestheroadinfrontofyou AssoonasItaponthewindow youmuststopwithinfivefeet 考官設(shè)置一個情景 Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime theexaminertappedloudly loudly 聲音的強(qiáng)度很大 Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly ittookmealongtimetoreact though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句 與主句的情況形成對照 作者可以很清楚地聽到窗玻璃的聲音 可是他似乎是忘乎所以 過了很久都沒有反映過來 每句賞析 Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalhardandwewereboththrownforward suddenly 表示作者突然間反應(yīng)過來 hard 用力過猛 and 之后的句子說明結(jié)果 wereboththrownforward 兩人都被拋到前面 Theexaminerlookedatmesadly sadly 考官大失所望 Mr Eames hesaid inamournfulvoice youhavejustkilledthatchild inamournfulvoice 考官用一種很悲傷的聲調(diào)說話 與前文的 sadly 相對應(yīng) 雖然考官只是設(shè)想一種情境 不過看到作者的表現(xiàn) 還是很煞有其事地用悲傷的語氣告訴他 孩子給軋死了 考官的一本正經(jīng) 滑稽幽默躍然之上 讓文章生色不少 每句賞析 Takeabreak Keystructures 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 被動語態(tài)由 助動詞be 及物動詞的過去分詞 構(gòu)成 人稱 數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的 現(xiàn)以do為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成 一般現(xiàn)在時 am is are done一般過去時 was were done一般將來時 will shallbe done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 am is arebeing done過去進(jìn)行時 was werebeing done現(xiàn)在完成時 have hasbeen done 3 在使役動詞have make get以及感官動詞see watch notice hear feel observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時 在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略 但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時 要加to 例Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding 可改為Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding 1 Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday 可改為Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday 2 MotherneverletsmewatchTV 改為IamneverlettowatchTVbymother 4 在被動語態(tài)中還可以用介詞 動名詞結(jié)構(gòu) 介詞 after before on 動名詞這個結(jié)構(gòu)通常相當(dāng)于一個時間狀語從句 如果兩個動作中有一個在另一個開始之前已經(jīng)完成 則可以用after 動名詞的完成式表示第一個動作 如果只表示先后順序 則可用after 或before 動名詞結(jié)構(gòu) on 動名詞通常表示兩個動作幾乎同時發(fā)生 Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutofthetown Ibegantoacquireconfidence 在接到把車開出城的指令后 我就開始有信心了 Themancalledthepoliceafterbeingrobbed 那人遭搶劫后給警方打了電話Hekilledachildbeforebeingarrested他在被捕前殺死了一個孩子On Afterbeingtoldthathermotherwasseriously shehurriedbacktoEngland 她得知母親病重后連忙回到英國 被動語態(tài)用于介詞 動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)一般不用于口語 比較正式 Iforadrivinglicenseforthethirdtime Itodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully 重點(diǎn)整理 for表目的 for 次數(shù) 動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞做定語的區(qū)別 動名詞做定語說明所修飾名詞的用途 現(xiàn)在分詞做定語 表示所修飾名詞進(jìn)行的動作 awalkingstick拐杖 動名詞 astickforwalking asleepingcar臥鋪車廂 動名詞 acarforsleeping therisingsun正在升起的太陽 現(xiàn)在分詞 thechangingworld變化中的世界 現(xiàn)在分詞 light wasbeingtested hadbeenasked todriveoutoftown Ibegantoacquireconfidence SurethatIhadpassed Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動形式 Havingbeen 過去分詞AfterIhadbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Ibegantoacquireconfidence 介詞短語作時間狀語 主從句的主語一致時 可簡化從句 在句首中省略了being 這個分詞結(jié)構(gòu)在句中是狀語 表原因 Worriedabouthischild hedidn tsleeplastnight Ashewasworriedabouthischild hedidn tsleeplastnight 重點(diǎn)整理 Afterhavingbeeninstructed Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance forhesmiledandsaid Justonemorething Mr Eames Letussupposethatachildsuddenlycrossestheroadinfrontofyou AssoonasItaponthewindow youmuststopwithinfivefeet musthavebeen表示對過去事情的猜測 pleased是個形容詞 常用詞組是bepleasedwith suppose supposing 常用于一個句子或從句前 意思是whatwouldhappenif 用來假設(shè)一個條件或某種情況 動詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時 如果用過去時 所假設(shè)的情況可能性會很小 Supposingwemissthetrain whatwillwedothen We dlovetoattendtheparty supposing if wedon thavetoworklatethatday 重點(diǎn)整理 2 bepleasedwith對 滿意besatisfiedwithbecontentwithe g Mybossispleased satisfied content withmyworkperformance老板對我的工作表現(xiàn)很滿意 3 performancen 表現(xiàn) 表演 工作情況Performvt 執(zhí)行 完成 演奏vi 執(zhí)行 機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) 表演performanoperation動手術(shù) 做手術(shù)performon表演 上演 演奏opportunitytoperform實(shí)踐的機(jī)會 表現(xiàn)機(jī)會performmaintenance修理performacontract執(zhí)行合同 Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalhardandwe Theexaminerlookedatmesadly Mr Eames hesaid inamournfulvoice youhavejustkilledthatchild ina voice以 的聲調(diào)shetoldusthenewsinalowvoice havejustkilled用的是現(xiàn)在完成時 是想強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果 重點(diǎn)整理 Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime theexaminertappedloudly Thoughthesoundcouldclearly ittookmealongtimetoreact beheard wereboththrownforward 語法學(xué)習(xí) 做狀語的形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)示例1 IwassurethatIhadpassed Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest 我們把這兩句話合并成一個句子 SurethatIhadpassed Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest 所以 我們看得很清楚 兩個句子的主語 1 都是一致的 所以 可以進(jìn)行簡化處理 示例2 Iwaspleasedwithmyson swords Igavehim100yuan 合并 Pleasedwithmyson swords Igavehim100yuan 我們再回顧一下ing結(jié)構(gòu)和過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu) 示例3 Itriedtoavoidmeetinghim Isetout10minutesearlierthanusual 合并 Tryingtoavoidmeetinghim Isetout10minutesearlierthanusual 示例4 Hehadeatentheapple Heaskedforanotherone 合并 Havingeatentheapple heaskedforanotherone 示例5 Theratwaskilledbyalittleboy Itwasburiedinahole 合并 Killedbyalittleboy theratwasburiedinahole 將下列句子變成被動語態(tài) TheymadethepianoinGermanyin1681 Itoldyouhecoulddoit Ican tfindmybag Hemusthavestolenit Thepolicewerequestioningtheman Heneverexpectedtheyfoundthebicycle Ifoundhehadsenttheparcletothewrongplace 被動語態(tài) 語法學(xué)習(xí) Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenseforthethirdtime Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Ibegantoacquireconfidence Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalhardandwewereboththrownforward Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly ittookmealongtimetoreact a 用所給動詞的正確時態(tài)和語態(tài)填空 1 Manystarscan see atnight 2 Thereportis write byoneofthebeststudents 3 Upon rob themancalledthepoliceatonce 4 Hekilledachildbefore arrest 5 On tell thathermotherwasseriouslyill shehurriedbacktoEngland 6 Shewassentabroadto train 7 Thehugebridge damage beforetheWorldWar 8 He hear tomoveaboutinherroomupstairslastnight 9 After cheat byaclient hechangedhiswayofdoingbusiness 10 Thedrivermust punish bythepolice helookedsounhappy Specialdifficulties PracticeandAdvicepracticen 反復(fù)的 練習(xí) 實(shí)踐 實(shí)行practisevt vi 練習(xí) 經(jīng)常做Jimmyusedtopractise playing footballeveryafternoon Shepractisesonthepianoforthreehourseveryday Hestillneedsalotofpractice Hepractisesthepianoeveryday Specialdifficulties advicen 忠告 勸告 建議 不可數(shù)名詞 Shegavemesomegoodadvice apieceofadviceaboutjobs advisevt vi 勸告 向 提供提議Sheadvisedmeagainstgoingtotheparty 她建議 勸我不要去參加聚會Iwanttogiveyousomeadvice Whatdoyouadvisemetodo Specialdifficulties Enjoy EntertainandAmuseenjoyvt 欣賞 喜愛 享受 之樂 后跟名詞 動名詞 用于主動語態(tài) Ienjoyswimminginsummer We rereallyenjoyingourselves entertainvt 款待 招待 請客 使 快樂 給 娛樂 amuse Weoftenentertainfriendsatweekends Specialdifficulties UncleSamentertains amusesthechildrenforhoursatatime 薩姆叔叔一連好幾小時地逗孩子們樂 Mychildrencanentertain amusethemselvesforhourswithtellingstoriestoeachother amusevt 逗樂 逗笑 常用于被動語態(tài) Shewasamusedbyherfather sfunnystories Hisstoryamusedthechildrenverymuch Specialdifficulties 過去進(jìn)行時wasalmostbeginning1過去進(jìn)行時主要表示過去某個時刻或某一階段正在進(jìn)行的動作 常和表示過去時間的狀語then atthis that time yesterday atnine lastnight等連用 但在不少情況下 沒有表示時間的狀語 這時需要通過上下文來表示 Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight 昨晚九點(diǎn)時 你在做什么 Icalledyouyesterdayafternoonbuttherewasnoanswer 昨天下午我打電話給你 但是沒有人接電話 Iwasvisitingafriendofminemostoftheafternoon 我昨天下午大部分時間 都在一個朋友家里 2當(dāng)兩個一長一短的動作在過去某時間同時發(fā)生時 用過去進(jìn)行時表示較長的動作 過去進(jìn)行時可用于主句 也可用于從句 ItwasraininghardwhenIleftmyoffice 當(dāng)我離開辦公室時 雨下得正大 Whenyoucalled Iwaseating 你打電話時 我正在吃飯 WhenIwascleaningthewindows mybrotherwassweepingthefloor 當(dāng) 我在擦窗戶的時候 我弟弟在拖地 Somestudentswereplayingfootball whileotherswererunningroundthetrack 一些學(xué)生在踢足球 同時別的學(xué)生正在跑道上跑步 Wewerewalkingalongtheriverwhen suddenly Itrained 我們沿著河邊散步 突然下起雨來 TheywerewatchingTVwhenthelightswentout 停電時 他們剛好在看電視 注意 同上例 3過去進(jìn)行時表示過去將來的動作現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時可以表示將來的動作 同樣 過去進(jìn)行時也可以表示從過去某時間看來將要發(fā)生的動作 常用在間接引語中 ShewenttoseeXiaoLi Hewasleavingearlythenextmorning 她去看小李 他第二天一早就要離開此地了 Sheaskedhimwhetherhewascomingbacktolunch 她問他晚飯是否準(zhǔn)備回來吃 回顧Keypoints學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn) 請同學(xué)們看下面的幾個句子 試分辨它們的時態(tài)與語態(tài) Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime IhadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficAfterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Keypoints學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn) Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime wasbeingtested是過去進(jìn)行時 被動 你對了嗎 我們曾經(jīng)學(xué)過一個句子 Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfathers isbeingrepaired是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 被動Thebicyclewasbeingsenttohishomebytrain Keypoints學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn) 2 Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytraffic hadbeenasked是明顯的過去完成時 被動完成 hadbeen被動 beasked這樣的句型我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了不少 Ihavebeenofferedalargesumofmoneyto Keypoints學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn) 3 Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftownhavingbeeninstructed是完成時 被動由于在介詞after后面 后面的動詞需