八年級(jí)下冊(cè)第一單元

Unit 1 Whats the matter?教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1語言目標(biāo)： 描述健康問題的詞匯，及如何根據(jù)別人的健康問題提建議。 2 技能目標(biāo)：能聽懂談?wù)摻】祮栴}的對(duì)話材料；能根據(jù)別人的健康問題提建議；能寫出重點(diǎn)單詞和重點(diǎn)句型，并能描述怎樣對(duì)待健康問題。3 情感目標(biāo)：通過開展扮演病人等活動(dòng)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生關(guān)心他人身體健康的品質(zhì)。 通過本課的閱讀，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生處理緊急事件的基本能力，樹立緊急事件時(shí)互相幫助的精神。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：短語：have a stomachache, have a cold, lie down, take ones temperature, go to a doctor, get off, to ones surprise, agree to do sth., get into trouble, fall down, be used to, run out (of), cut off , get out of, be in control of , keep on (doing sth.), give up 句子：1 Whats the matter? I have a stomachache. You shouldnt eat so much next time.2 Whats the matter with Ben?He hurt himself. He has a sore back.He should lie down and rest.3 Do you have a fever? Yes, I do. No, I dont. I dont know.4 Does he have a toothache? Yes, he does.He should see a dentist and get an X-ray.5 What should she do? She should take her temperature.6 Should I put some medicine on it? Yes, you should No, you shouldnt.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞shouldshouldnt. 的用法 學(xué)習(xí)have的用法課時(shí)劃分：Section A1 1a 2dSection A2 3a-3cSection A3 Grammar focus-4cSection B1 1a-2eSection B2 3a-Self check Section A 1 (1a 2d)Step 1 Warming up and new words1. Look at a picture and learn the parts of the body.2. New words and phrases.Step 2 Presentation1a Look at the picture. Write the correct letter a-m for each part of the body. _arm _ back _ ear _ eye _ foot_hand _ head _ leg _ mouth_ neck _nose _ stomach _ toothKeys: h e g i h a j l c d m k fStep 3 Listening 1b Listen and look at the picture. Then number the names 1-5 Listen to the conversations again and fill in the blanks. Conversation 1 Nurse: Whats the matter, Sarah?Girl: I _. Conversation 2 Nurse: Whats the matter, David?Boy: I _. Conversation 3Nurse: Whats the matter, Ben? Boy: I _. Conversation 4 Nurse: Whats the matter, Nancy?Girl: I _. Conversation 5Betty: Whats the matter, Judy?Ann: She _. Keys: have a coldgot a stomachachehave a sore backhave a toothachehas a sore throatStep 4 Speaking 1c Look at the pictures. What are the students problems? Make conversations. ExamplesA: Whats the matter with Judy?B: She talked too much yesterday and didnt drink enough water. She has a very sore throat now.A: Whats the matter with Sarah?B: She didnt take care of herself on the weekend. She was playing with her friends at the park yesterday. Then it got windy, but she didnt put on her jacket. Now she has a cold.Step 5 Guessing gamesGuess what has happened to the students by using the important sentences.Step 6 Listening2a Listen and number the pictures 1-5 in the order you hear them. Keys: 2 4 3 1 52b Listen again. Match the problems with the advice.1 fever a lie down and rest 2 stomachache b drink some hot tea 3 cough and sore throat c see a dentist and get an X-ray4 toothache d take your temperature5 cut myself e put some medicine on it Keys: d a b c eStep 7 Speaking 2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b A: Whats the matter? B: My head feels very hot. A: Maybe you have a fever. B: What should I do? A: You should take your temperature.Step 8 Roleplay1. Imagine you are the school doctor. A few students have health problems. Role-play a conversation between the doctor and the students.2d Role play the conversation2. Answer the questions.1) Whats the matter with Lisa?2) Did she have a fever?3) What did she do the night before?4) What does she need to do?5) What should she do for now?6) What should she do if things dont get better?Keys: She has a headache and cant move her neck.No, she didnt.She played computer games all weekend.She needs to take breaks away from the computer.She should lie down and rest.She should go to a doctor.Step 9 Language points and summary1. Whats the matter? Whats the matter? 與Whats wrong? 同義，均意為“怎么了？”，常用來詢問疾病、事故傷害等。如果表示某人怎么了，應(yīng)該用Whats the matter with sb.? 或Whats wrong with sb.? 如：Whats the matter / Whats wrong with the old man?Whats the matter? 的答語通常有以下幾種：“sb.+have / get / catch a(n)+疾病名稱”表示患某種疾病。如： I have / get / catch a cold.“sb.+be / feel +某些形容詞”表示某人感到不適。如：I am / feel sick. “身體部位+be / feel+某些形容詞”表示某部位感到不適。如： My head is / feels hot.“身體部位+hurt”表示某部位痛。如： My stomach hurts.“sb.+get+某些動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式”表示受傷。如： He got sunburned yesterday.“sb.+hurt / cut+具體部位 / 反身代詞”表示傷害。如： He hurt his arm in the accident. I cut myself when cooking.【鏈接】用來詢問疾病、不適或突發(fā)情況時(shí)，還可用以下句型：Whats the trouble (with .)?What happened (to .)?Is there anything wrong (with .)?【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求完成下列各題。(1)_ _? My brother has a cough.(寫出問句)(2) What happened to him? He _(切著自己) cutting the tomatoes. (根據(jù)漢語提示補(bǔ)全答語)2. I have a cold.have a cold傷風(fēng), 感冒, 是固定詞組 表示身體不適的常用詞組還有: have a bad cold 重感冒 have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a headache 頭痛 have a stomachache 肚子痛, 胃痛 have a toothache 牙痛 Summary 1. 牙疼 have a toothache2. 胃疼 have a stomachache3. 背疼 have a backache4. 頭疼 have a headache5. 喉嚨疼 have a sore throat6. 發(fā)燒 have a fever7. 感冒 have a cold8. 躺下并且休息 lie down and rest 9. 喝熱蜂蜜茶 drink hot tea with honey10. 喝大量水 drink lots of water11. 看牙醫(yī) see a dentist12. 量體溫 take ones temperature13. 看醫(yī)生 go to a doctorStep 10 Exercises根據(jù)上下文意思填空。Mandy: Lisa, are you OK?Lisa: I _ a headache and I cant move my neck. What _ I do? Should I _ my temperature?Mandy: No, it doesnt sound like you have a fever. What _ you do on the weekend?Lisa: I played computer _ all weekend. Mandy: Thats probably why. You need to take breaks _ from the computer.Lisa: Yeah, I think I sat in the _ way for too long without moving.Mandy: I think you should _ down and rest. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a _. Lisa: OK. Thanks, Mandy.Keys: have should take did games away same lie doctor翻譯下列句子。1. 你怎么了？我頭痛。2. 他怎么了？他發(fā)燒3. 李雷怎么了？他喉嚨痛。他應(yīng)該多喝水。4. 如果你的頭和脖子明天仍然疼的話，請(qǐng)去看醫(yī)生。Keys: What is the matter with you? I have a headache.Whats the matter with him? He has a fever.Whats the matter with Li Lei? He has a sore throat.He should drink lots of water.If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor.Step 11 HomeworkMake up a conversation between a doctor and a patient. Section A 2 (3a 3c)Step 1 PresentationLook at the picture. Discuss what happened and then what we should do. Teacher: What happened in the picture. Students:Teacher: What should we do to help them?Students:Step 2 Reading Bus Driver and Passengers Save an Old Man1. Look at the headline and picture then answer the questions.What happened to the man lying by the road?What was the person next to him doing?Did this man die?Who do you think is going to save the man?2. 3a Read the passage and answer the following questions.Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? How do you know?Did the bus driver help the man and the woman? 閱讀指導(dǎo) 1) 先認(rèn)真閱讀每個(gè)題目的意思，弄清要求我們尋找什么信息。2) 帶著問題，再來讀短文。在短文中認(rèn)真尋找我們所需的信息，在有相關(guān)內(nèi)容的地方，應(yīng)多讀幾次，認(rèn)真理解，以找到想要找的信息。3) 最后 ，再通讀一遍，檢查一下所找的答案是否正確。 Keys: It comes from a newspaper. It tells us the time, the place, the character and the event in the first paragraph.Yes, he did.3. 3b Read the passage again and check the things that happened in the story. 1 _ Wang Ping was the driver of bus No.26 at 9:00 a.m. yesterday.2 _ Bus No.26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road.3 _ The old man had a heart problem and needed to go to the hospital right away. 4 _ The passagers on the bus did not want to go to the hospital, so only Wang Ping went with the woman and old man.5 _ Some passagers helped to get the old man onto the bus.6 _ The old man got to the hospital in time.Keys: 1 3 5 6Step 3 Speaking 3c Discuss the questions with a partner.1. Why was Wang Ping surprised that the passengers agreed to go to the hospital with him?2. Did the passengers think Wang Ping did the right thing? How do you know?3. Do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble? Why or why not?Step 4 Languages points1. . when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. . 這時(shí)司機(jī)看到一位老人正躺在路邊。 觀察與思考：你能看出“看到某人正在做某事”的句型嗎?see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事e.g. When I pass the window I see him drawing a picture. see sb. do sth. 看見某人做過某事e.g. I often see him draw a picture.活學(xué)活用1) 我看見他時(shí)他正在河邊玩。 I saw him _ by the river.2) 我看見過他在河邊玩。 I saw him _ by the river. 3) 我看著他過了橋。 I see him _ across the bridge.4) 我看見她正在洗碗。 I see her _ the dishes. Keys: playing play walk washing2. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice.3. He only thought about saving a life.觀察與思考：你能看出“without thinking”、“about saving a life” 的共同點(diǎn)嗎?共同點(diǎn)：介詞 + doing 介詞 + 名詞 賓格代詞 doing活學(xué)活用 用適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡?1) I am fine. What about _ (she)? 2) Thanks for _ (tell) me the story? 3) It is a sunny day. How about _ (go) fishing? 4) It is good to relax by _ (use) the Internet or _ (watch) game shows. Keys: her telling going using watching4. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. to ones surprise 使.驚訝的是，出乎.意料e.g. To their surprise, all the students pass the exam. Much to everyones surprise, the plan succeeded.5. . because they dont want any trouble, . 當(dāng)trouble意為“困難；麻煩”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞。如： Im sorry to give you so much trouble. (1) be in trouble意為“有困難；陷入困境”。如: He always asks me for help when he is in trouble.(2) get sb. into trouble 意為“使某人陷入困境”。如: If you come, you may get me into trouble.(3) 主語 + have / has trouble (in) doing sth. 意為“某人在做某事方面有困難”。如: I have some trouble (in) reading the letter.當(dāng)trouble意為“麻煩事；煩心事”時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。如：She was on the phone for an hour telling me her troubles. 【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。 (1) 他認(rèn)為每天吃飯是一件麻煩事。 He thinks that eating every day is _.(2) 你知道你現(xiàn)在為什么處于困境嗎？ Do you know why you _ now? (3) 我妹妹在學(xué)習(xí)英語方面有困難。 My sister _ English. Keys: a troubleare in troublehas trouble instudying6. needed to go to the hospital right away.right away 意為“立刻；馬上”，和 in a minute 意思相近。例如： Ill be there right away / in a minute. 另外，right now和 at once也可表示“立刻; 馬上”的意思。【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。你必須馬上出發(fā)。You must start _.Keys: right away / in a minute / right now / at once重點(diǎn)短語1) 看到某人正在做某事2) 讓某人吃驚的是3) 下車4) 上車5) 多虧，幸虧6) 考慮7) 同意做某事8) 造成麻煩see sb. doing sth.to ones surpriseget off the busget on the busthanks tothink aboutagree to do sth.get into troubleStep 5 Exercises用括號(hào)內(nèi)的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The driver saw an old man _ (lie) on the road.2. I sat in the same way without _ (move).3. He only thought about _ (save) a life and didnt think about _ (him).4. The old man needed _ (go) to the hospital.5. A woman was _ (shout) for help.6. He expected them _ (get) off the bus.Keys: lying moving saving, himself to go shouting to getStep 6 Homework整理課文中與“bus”相關(guān)和與“醫(yī)療急救”相關(guān)的表述。Section A 3 (Grammar focus 4c)Step 1 Revision (Guessing game)Look at the pictures, guess what has happened and revise the important points the students have learned.Whats the matter with her?Does she have a fever?Does she have a toothache?What should she do?Whats the matter with him?Does he have a fever?Does he have a toothache?Does he have a sore throat?Does he have a backache?What should he do?Whats the matter with him?Does he have a fever?Does he have a toothache?Does he have a sore throat?Does he have a stomachache?What should he do?Step 2 Grammar Focus 根據(jù)所給漢語意思把句子補(bǔ)充完整。_? 怎么了？I have a _. 我胃疼。You _ eat so much next time. 你下次不該吃那么多。Whats the matter with Ben? 本怎么了？He hurt himself. He _. 他傷了自己。他背疼。He should _. 他應(yīng)該躺下休息。Do you _? 你發(fā)燒了嗎？Yes, I do. / No, I dont. / I dont know. 是的。/不，我沒有。/ 我不知道。Does he _? 他牙痛嗎？Yes, he does. 是的。He should _ and get an X-ray.他應(yīng)該去看牙醫(yī)，做X光檢查。_? 她應(yīng)該怎么做？She should take her temperature.她應(yīng)該量一下體溫。_ I put some medicine on it?我應(yīng)該先用些藥嗎？_. 是的，你應(yīng)該。_. 不，你不應(yīng)該。觀察與思考讀以下四個(gè)句子，總結(jié)出have的用法。have hasI have a bag.He has noodles for breakfast.I have a bad cold.They have a look at the picture.用法展現(xiàn)1. 作“有”講。 如： I have a bag. 我有一個(gè)包。 He has a red cup. 他有一個(gè)紅杯子。 2. 作“吃、喝”講。如： have breakfast (吃早飯) have tea (喝茶) have a biscuit (吃塊餅干) have a drink (喝點(diǎn)水) 3. 作“患病”講。 have a cold, have a fever4. 固定短語 have a try, have a look, have a party活學(xué)活用1. 她有許多好朋友。 She _ lots of good friends.2. 當(dāng)我們感冒時(shí)，應(yīng)該多喝水。 When we _ bad colds, we should drink more water.3. 他早餐常吃雞蛋。 He _ eggs for breakfast.4. 他昨天去參加聚會(huì)了。 He _ yesterday.Keys: has have has had a party用法展現(xiàn)shouldshould 屬情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 后接動(dòng)詞原形, 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。用于提出建議勸告別人。should 的否定形式為 should not, 通?？s寫為 shouldnt。1. Tom, I have a toothache. 湯姆, 我牙痛。 You should see a dentist. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)去看牙醫(yī)。2. Im not feeling well these days. I have bad cough. 這些天我身體不適, 老是咳嗽。 You shouldnt smoke so much, I think. 我認(rèn)為你不該抽這么多煙。含有should的一般疑問句是將should提至主語前；其簡略回答分別為“Yes, 主語（人稱代詞）+should.”和“No，主語（人稱代詞）+shouldnt.”。 3. Should I put some medicine on it? Yes, you should. / No, you shouldnt.4. What should she do? She should take her temperature.活學(xué)活用1. She has a stomachache. She _ eat so much next time.2. Should she see a dentist and get an X- ray? Yes, she _. / No, she _.Keys: shouldnt should, shouldnt反身代詞 反身代詞又稱為自身代詞，表示動(dòng)作行為反射到行為執(zhí)行者本身。它還可以在句中起到強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用，用以加強(qiáng)語氣。 粉墨登場英語中共有八個(gè)反身代詞，在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對(duì)象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。其基本形式如下表所示：第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves用法展現(xiàn)1. 可用作賓語，指的是賓語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些的人或事物。 如：Maria bought herself a scarf. 瑪麗亞給自己買了一條圍巾。We must look after ourselves very well. 我們必須好好照顧自己。2. 可用作表語，指的是表語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些人或事物。如：She isnt quite herself today. 她今天身體不太舒服。3. 可用作主語或賓語的同位語，常用來加強(qiáng)語氣。如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 明天她自己將要坐飛機(jī)去倫敦。I met the writer himself last week. 我上周見到了那位作家本人。4. 用在某些固定短語當(dāng)中。照顧自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself 自學(xué) teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 玩得高興，過得愉快 enjoy oneself 請(qǐng)自用（隨便吃/喝些） help oneself to sth. 摔傷自己 hurt oneself自言自語 say to oneself沉浸于，陶醉于之中 lose oneself in 把某人單獨(dú)留下 leave sb. by oneself給自己買.東西 buy oneself sth.介紹自己 introduce oneself溫馨提醒1. 反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。(誤) Myself can finish my homework.(正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.2. 反身代詞表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的東西”，因?yàn)樗鼪]有所有格的形式。表達(dá)“某人自己的（東西）”時(shí)，須要用ones own.如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。(誤) Im drawing with myself crayons.(正) Im drawing with my own crayons.活學(xué)活用1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _ just now.2. Bad luck! I cut _ with a knife yesterday. 3. They tell us they can look after _ very well.4. My cat can find food by _.5. Help _ to some beef, boys.Keys: himself myself themselves itself yourselves Step 3 Exercises4a Fill in the blanks and practice the conversations.1. A: I hurt _ when I played basketball yesterday. What _ I do? B: You _ see a doctor and get an X-ray.2. A: _ the matter? B: My sister and I _ sore throats. _ we go to school? A: No, you _.3. A: _ Mike _ a fever? B: No, he _. He _ a stomachache.A: He _ drink some hot tea.Keys: myself should shouldWhats have Should shouldntDoes have doesnt has should4b Circle the best advice for these health problems. Then add your own advice.1. Jenny cut herself. She should (get an X-ray / put some medicine on the cut). My advice: _.2. Kate has a toothache. She should (see a dentist / get some sleep). My advice: _.3. Mary and Sue have colds. They shouldnt (sleep/ exercise). My advice: _.4. Bob has a sore back. He should (lie down and rest / take his temperature).My advice: _.Keys: put some medicine on the cutsee a dentist exercise lie down and rest4c One student mimes a problem. The other students in your group guess the problem and give advice.NameProblemAdviceLiu Pengfall downgo home and restA: Whats the matter? Did you hurt yourself playing soccer.B: No, I didnt.C: Did you fall down?B: Yes, I did.D: You should go home and get some rest.Step 4 Homework收集英語有關(guān)疾病、傷害及救治的表達(dá)。 Section B 1 (1a-2e)Step 1 New words1. bandage n. 繃帶 v. 用繃帶包扎2. sic